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51st AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition 2013

作者： Kosarev, Ilya N. Pakhomov, Alexander I. Kindysheva, Svetlana V. Aleksandrov, Nickolay L. Starikovskiy, Andrey Yu. Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology Chemical Physics Department Dolgoprudny MR 141700 Russia Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology Department of Physical Kinetics Dolgoprudny MR 141700 Russia Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology Department of Applied Physics Dolgoprudny MR 141700 Russia Princeton University Mechanical Engineering and Aerospace Department Princeton NJ 08544 United States

ISBN: (数字)9781624101816

ISBN: (纸本)9781624101816

The kinetics of ignition in lean and stoichiometric C2H2:O2:Ar mixtures has been studied experimentally and numerically after a high-voltage nanosecond discharge. The ignition delay time behind a reflected shock wave was measured in a shock tube with and without the discharge when detecting CH radiation. It was shown that the initiation of the discharge leads to a decrease in ignition delay time. In addition a new shock tube has been designed to perform similar studies in undiluted hydrocarbon-air mixtures. Preliminary results were obtained for ignition of a stoichiometric CH4:Air mixture. Discharge processes followed by chain chemical reactions with energy release were simulated during ignition in C2H2:O2:Ar mixtures. The generation of atoms, radicals and excited and charged particles was numerically simulated using the measured time-resolved discharge current and electric field in the discharge phase. The calculated densities of the active particles were used as input data to simulate plasma-assisted ignition. © 2013 by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Mixtures

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Application of TDGL model to B2 type ordering with two step phase separation in Fe-Ni-Al alloys

Application of TDGL model to B2 type ordering with two step ...

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21st International Materials Research Congress, IMRC 2012

作者： Oguma, Ryuichiro Matsumura, Syo Doi, Minoru Hata, Satoshi Ogata, Keisuke Department of Applied Physics Fukuoka University Fukuoka 814-0180 Japan Department of Applied Quantum Physics and Nuclear Engineering Kyushu University Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering Aichi Institute of Technology Toyota 470-0392 Japan Department of Electrical and Material Science Kyushu University Kasuga 816-8580 Japan Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Science Kyushu University Kasuga 816-8580 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781632661258

Formation of domain structures in two-step phase separation in Fe-based Fe-Ni-Al alloys are investigated by applying a time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau (TDGL) model. The present authors recently developed a TDGL formulation for ordering processes of B2 and D03 in binary alloys, taking into account the symmetrical relationships between these ordered phases. In this formulation, multiple types of variants of the structures are represented by three order parameters which can be measured independently through crystal structure factors. Mean-field free energies are defined in a form of Landau type expansion with the order parameters and a composition parameter. Interfacial energies due to local variations of degrees of order and composition are given in a gradient square approximation. Kinetic equations for time-evolution of the order parameters and the composition one are derived from the Ginzburg-Landau type potential consisting of the mean-field free energies and the interfacial energy terms. On the other hand, coauthors have investigated domain structures in two-step phase separation of Fe-based Fe-Ni-Al alloys. The evolution of three-dimensional domain structures and composition profiles has been analyzed by electron tomography imaging and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. In this work the authors performed three-dimensional numerical simulations assuming the thermal processing. The results of the simulations well reproduced the characteristics of the micro-structures obtained from the observations. © 2013 Materials Research Society.

关键词： Phase separation

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Cell culture in microfluidic systems

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Micro and Nanosystems 2013年第2期5卷 82-96页

作者： Sun, Yung-Shin Cheng, Ji-Yen Research Center for Applied Sciences Academia Sinica Taiwan Department of Mechanical and Mechantronic Engineering National Taiwan Ocean University Taiwan Institute of Biophotonics and Biophotonics and Molecular Imaging Research Center National Yang-Ming University Taiwan Department of Physics Fu-Jen Catholic University New Taipei City 24205 Taiwan

Microfluidic systems provide powerful tools for controlling the in vitro cellular microenvironment which best mimick the in vivo biological matrix. Such devices have been applied to both temporal and spatial manipulation of cell growth and stimuli by micro-scaled channels, patterns, and fluidic systems, creating new opportunities for biologists to study cellular behaviors under different physical and chemical conditions. In this paper, we review the concepts and strategies in designing microfluidic devices for culturing, manipulating, and stimulating cells under well-established microenvironments. We further discuss their various biological applications and potential integrations with other observation-based systems. © 2013 Bentham Science Publishers.

关键词： Microfluidics

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Dynamic inductive tuning of fano-resonant meta-surfaces using plasmonic response of graphene in mid-infrared

Dynamic inductive tuning of fano-resonant meta-surfaces usin...

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CLEO: QELS_Fundamental Science, CLEO:QELS FS 2013

作者： Dabidian, N. Mousavi, S.H. Kholmanov, I. Alici, K. Purtseladze, D. Arju, N. Tatar, K. Suk, W. Hao, Y. Khanikaev, A.B. Ruoff, R.S. Shvets, G. Department of Physics Center for Nano and Molecular Science and Technology University of Texas at Austin TX United States Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials and Science Program University of Texas at Austin Austin TX United States

We demonstrate theoretically and experimentally that electrically gated single-layer graphene can be used to inductively tune the infrared optical response of Fano-resonant metasurfaces. The induced spectral shifts ar... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781557529725

关键词： Graphene

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Delay-dependent conditions for finite time stability of continuous systems with latency

Delay-dependent conditions for finite time stability of cont...

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2013 IEEE 11th International Symposium on Intelligent Systems and Informatics, SISY 2013

作者： Debeljkovic, D.Lj. Buzurovic, I.M. Jovanovic, A.M. Dimitrijevic, N.J. University of Belgrade School of Mechanical Engineering Department of Control Engineering Belgrade Serbia Harvard Medical School Medical Physics and Biophysics Division Boston MA United States School of High Applied Professional Education Vranje Serbia

ISBN: (纸本)9781479903054

In the present study, the practical and finite time stability of linear continuous system with latency has been investigated. The proposed result outlines the novel sufficient stability conditions for the systems represented by the following equation: x′(t)A0x(t) - A1x(t - τ). The results can be applied to the analysis of both the practical and finite time stability of the continuous systems with time delay. For the derivation of the finite time stability conditions, the Lyapunov-Krassovski functionals were used. Unlike in the previously reported results, the functionals did not have to satisfy some strict mathematical conditions, such as positivity in the whole state space and possession of the negative derivatives along the system state trajectories. The numerical examples presented in this study additionally clarified the implementation of the methodology, and the calculations of the stability conditions. Generally, it was found that the proposed sufficient conditions were less restrictive compared to the ones previously reported. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Continuous time systems

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MICRO-OPTOFLUIDIC RING RESONATOR STRUCTURES FOR SELECTIVE DETECTION OF ORGANIC VAPORS

MICRO-OPTOFLUIDIC RING RESONATOR STRUCTURES FOR SELECTIVE DE...

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International Conference on Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems

作者： K. Scholten K. Reddy X. Fan E.T. Zellers Applied Physics Program University of Michigan Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Michigan

ISBN: (纸本)9781467359825

A microfabricated optofluidic ring resonator (μOFRR) sensor for volatile organic compounds (VOC) is described. SiO_x optical resonators integrated into a microfluidic pathway were defined lithographically and fabricated via Si micromachining. Whispering gallery mode resonances with quality factors exceeding 10~4 were excited in devices with diameters of 50-250 μm and wall thicknesses of 1.5-2 μm. Fluidic interconnections and structures for alignment of optical fiber waveguides were integrated into the larger μOFRRs. Devices coated internally with a thin PDMS layer exhibit shifts in resonant wavelengths during VOC exposure with sub-ng detection limits. In related work, selective VOC measurements obtained with plasmonic films of functionalized nanoparticles are described, with a goal of using them in place of polymer coatings in the μOFRR. A thin film of octanethiolate monolayer protected gold nanoparticles (MPN) was coated on a planar substrate and capped with a microfluidic cell. Reflected light from one of two single wavelength sources (783 nm and 488 nm) was measured during separate dynamic exposures to two VOCs. The decrease in reflected light intensity, due to film selling and changes in the local surface plasmon resonance band, was proportional to the VOC concentration. The ratio of responses at each wavelength provided a pattern unique to each VOC.

关键词： Sensor Vapor Optical Optofluidic Nanoparticle

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Enhancing range of transport in Optical Tweezers assisted microfluidic chambers using automated stage motion

Enhancing range of transport in Optical Tweezers assisted mi...

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ASME 2013 International Design engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in engineering Conference, IDETC/CIE 2013

作者： Chowdhury, Sagar Švec, Petr Thakur, Atul Wang, Chenlu Losert, Wolfgang Gupta, Satyandra K. Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Maryland College Park College Park MD 20742 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Patna Patliputra Patna 800013 Denmark Department of Physics Biophysics Program University of Maryland College Park College Park MD 20742 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Institute for Systems Research University of Maryland College Park College Park MD 20742 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780791855843

In this paper, we present a planning approach for automated high-speed transport of cells over large distances inside an Optical Tweezers (OT) assisted microfluidic chamber. The transport is performed in three steps that combine the optical trap and motorized stage motions. This includes optical trapping and transporting the cells to form a desired cell-ensemble that is suitable for a long distance transport, automatically moving the motorized stage to transport the cell-ensemble over a large distance while avoiding static obstacles, and distributing the cells from the ensemble to the desired locations using OT. The speeds of optical traps and the motorized stage are determined by modeling the motion of the particle under the influence of optical trap. The desired cell-ensemble is automatically determined based on the geometry of the microfluidic chamber. We have developed a greedy heuristic method for optimal selection of the initial and the final location of the cell-ensemble to minimize the overall transport time while satisfying the constraints of the OT workspace. We have discussed the computational com- plexity of the developed method and compared it with exhaustive combinatorial search. The approach is particularly useful in applications where cells are needed to be rapidly distributed inside a microfluidic chamber. We show the capability of our planning approach using physical experiments. Copyright © 2013 by ASME.

关键词： Cells

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Nonlinear elastic behavior of two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide

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Physical Review B 2013年第3期87卷 035423-035423页

作者： Ryan C. Cooper Changgu Lee Chris A. Marianetti Xiaoding Wei James Hone Jeffrey W. Kysar Department of Mechanical Engineering Columbia University New York NY 10027 USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Seoul Korea Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics Columbia University New York NY 10027 USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Northwestern University Evanston Il 60201

This research explores the nonlinear elastic properties of two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide. We derive a thermodynamically rigorous nonlinear elastic constitutive equation and then calculate the nonlinear elastic response of two-dimensional MoS2 with first-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The nonlinear elastic properties are used to predict the behavior of suspended monolayer MoS2 subjected to a spherical indenter load at finite strains in a multiple-length-scale finite element analysis model. The model is validated experimentally by indenting suspended circular MoS2 membranes with an atomic force microscope. We find that the two-dimensional Young's modulus and intrinsic strength of monolayer MoS2 are 130 and 16.5 N/m, respectively. The results approach Griffith's predicted intrinsic strength limit of σint∼E9, where E is the Young's modulus. This study reveals the predictive power of first-principles density functional theory in the derivation of nonlinear elastic properties of two-dimensional MoS2. Furthermore, the study bridges three main gaps that hinder understanding of material properties: DFT to finite element analysis, experimental results to DFT, and the nanoscale to the microscale. In bridging these three gaps, the experimental results validate the DFT calculations and the multiscale constitutive model.

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Thickness-dependent patterning of MoS2 sheets with well-oriented triangular pits by heating in air

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Nano Research 2013年第10期6卷 703-711页

作者： Haiqing Zhou Fang Yu Yuanyue Liu Xiaolong Zou Chunxiao Cong Caiyu Qiu Ting Yu Zheng Yan Xiaonan Shen Lianfeng Sun Boris I. Yakobson James M. Tour Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 637371Singapore Department of Chemistry Rice University 6100 Main Street Houston Texas 77005 USA The Smalley Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology Rice University 6100 Main Street Houston Texas 77005 USA Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Rice University 6100 Main Street Houston Texas 77005 USA National Center for Nanoscience and Technology Beijing 100190 China

Patterning ultrathin MoS2 layers with regular edges or controllable shapes is appealing since the properties of MoS2 sheets are sensitive to the edge structures. In this work, we have introduced a simple, effective and well-controlled technique to etch layered MoS2 sheets with well-oriented equilateral triangular pits by simply heating the samples in air. The anisotropic oxidative etching is greatly affected by the surrounding temperature and the number of MoS2 layers, whereby the pit sizes increase with the increase of surrounding temperature and the number of MoS2 layers. First-principles computations have been performed to explain the formation mechanism of the triangular pits. This technique offers an alternative avenue to engineering the structure of MoS2 sheets.

关键词： layered MoS2 oxidative etching thickness-dependent triangular pits

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Optimization of a z-source DC circuit breaker

Optimization of a z-source DC circuit breaker

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2013 5th IEEE Electric Ship Technologies Symposium, ESTS 2013

作者： Prempraneerach, P. Angle, M.G. Kirtley Jr., J.L. Karniadakis, G.E. Chryssostomidis, C. Mechanical Engineering Department Rajamangala University of Technology Thunyaburi Pathumthani 12110 Thailand Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department Research Laboratory for Electronics MIT Cambridge MA 02139 United States Division of Applied Mathematics Brown University Providence RI 02912 United States MIT Sea Grant College Program Department of Mechanical Engineering MIT Cambridge MA 02138 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781467352437

DC faults may cause severe disruptions in continuity of service to vital loads in a shipboard integrated power system, hence detection, isolation, and protection against such faults must be incorporated in both medium-voltage DC (MVDC) and low-voltage DC (LVDC) systems. Here we consider the effectiveness of existing z-source breakers and propose several new designs more appropriate for fault detection in MVDC and LVDC systems. In particular, we perform an optimization study that aims to minimize dissipation and weight and we identify the key parameters for use in MVDC and LVDC systems. Preliminary verification and validation studies are also included. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Electric circuit breakers

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