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arXiv 2023年

作者： Katailiha, Anand Lou, Paul C. Bhardwaj, Ravindra G. Beyermann, Ward P. Kumar, Sandeep Department of Mechanical Engineering University of California RiversideCA92521 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California RiversideCA92521 United States Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California RiversideCA92521 United States

The superposition of atomic vibrations and flexoelectronic effect gives rise to a cross correlation between free charge carriers and temporal magnetic moment of phonons in conducting heterostructures under an applied strain gradient. The resulting dynamical coupling is expected to give rise to quasiparticle excitations called as magnetoelectronic electromagnon that carries electronic charge and temporal magnetic moment. Here, we report experimental evidence of magnetoelectronic electromagnon in the freestanding degenerately doped p-Si based heterostructure thin film samples. These quasiparticle excitations give rise to long-distance (>100µm) spin transport;demonstrated using spatially modulated transverse magneto-thermoelectric and non-local resistance measurements. The magnetoelectronic electromagnons are non-reciprocal and give rise to large magnetochiral anisotropy (0.352 A-1T-1) that diminishes at lower temperatures. The superposition of non-reciprocal magnetoelectronic electromagnons gives rise to longitudinal and transverse modulations in charge carrier density, spin density and magnetic moment;demonstrated using the Hall effect and edge dependent magnetoresistance measurements, which can also be called as inhomogeneous magnetoelectronic multiferroic effect. These quasiparticle excitations are analogues to photons where time dependent polarization and temporal magnetic moment replaces electric and magnetic field, respectively and most likely topological because it manifests topological Nernst effect. Hence, the magnetoelectronic electromagnon can potentially give rise to quantum interference and entanglement effects in conducting solid state system at room temperature in addition to efficient spin transport. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Magnetic moments

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Thickness Dependent Sensitivity of GAGG:Ce Scintillation detectors for Thermal Neutrons: GEANT4 Simulations and Experimental Measurements

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Karmakar, Annesha Kumar, G. Anil Tyagi, Mohit Pal, Anikesh Nuclear Engineering and Technology Program Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur India Radiation Detectors and Spectroscopy Laboratory Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee India Technical Physics Division Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Mumbai India Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur India

In the present work, we report extensive GEANT4 simulations in order to study the dependence of sensitivity of GAGG:Ce scintillation crystal based detector on thickness of the crystal. All the simulations are made considering a thermalised Am-Be neutron source. The simulations are validated, qualitatively and quantitatively, by comparing the simulated energy spectra and sensitivity values with those obtained from experimental measurements carried out using two different thicknesses of the crystal from our own experiment (0.5mm and 3mm) and validated with three other thicknesses (0.01mm, 0.1 mm and 1 mm) from literature [1]. In this study, we define sensitivity of GAGG:Ce as the ratio of area under 77 keV sum peak to 45 keV peak. The present studies clearly confirm that, while it requires about 0.1 mm thickness for the GAGG:Ce crystal to fully absorb thermal neutrons, it requires about 3 mm to fully absorb the thermal neutron induced events. Further, we propose an equation, that can be used to estimate the thickness of the GAGG:Ce crystal directly from the observed sensitivity of the GAGG:Ce crystal. This equation could be very useful for the neutron imaging community for medical and space applications, as well as for manufactures of cameras meant for nuclear security purposes. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Binary alloys

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Creating and visualizing the materials science knowledge graph with whyis ?

Creating and visualizing the materials science knowledge gra...

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2021 International Semantic Web Conference Posters, Demos and Industry Tracks: From Novel Ideas to Industrial Practice, ISWC-Posters-Demos-Industry 2021

作者： McCusker, Jamie Deagen, Michael Fateye, Tolulomo Wallace, Anya Rashid, Sabbir M. McGuinness, Deborah L. Department of Computer Science Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute TroyNY United States College of Engineering and Mathematical Sciences University of Vermont BurlingtonVT United States Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke University DurhamNC United States Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Physics California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA United States

The NanoMine knowledge graph is being expanded to sup-port a broader range of materials, now including metamaterials, and is now called MaterialsMine. In the process, we have added new knowledge curation and visualization capabilities to Whyis, the framework that Ma-TerialsMine (and NanoMine before it) is built on. This demonstration will show how we use Whyis to support user-provided data uploads that con-form to the Dataset Catalog standard, use DOI and ORCiD to populate dataset metadata, curate data files into knowledge graph fragments us-ing Semantic Data Dictionaries, and allow domain scientists to visualize and explore the graph using SPARQL, Vega-Lite, and Data Voyager. © 2021 CEUR-WS. All rights reserved.

关键词： Knowledge graph

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Experimental Investigation of Forced Convective Heat Transfer in Circular Pipe with Wire Mesh Porous Media 2

Experimental Investigation of Forced Convective Heat Transfe...

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2nd International Conference on Trends in mechanical and Aerospace, TMAE 2020

作者： Chanmak, P. Krittacom, B. Waramit, P. Peamsuwan, R. Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Industrial Education Rajamangala University of Technology Suvarnabhumi Nonthaburi11000 Thailand Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Architecture Rajamangala University of Technology Isan Nakhon Ratchasima30000 Thailand Department of Applied Physics Faculty of Science and Liberal Arts Rajamangala University of Technology Isan Nakhon Ratchasima30000 Thailand

This experimentation aims to study Nusselt number (Nu) and Friction factor (f) deriving from the forced flow of fluid inside a circular pipe under a uniform heat flux condition. Porous media used in this study is made of stainless-steel wire mesh 304 which has the number of pores per inch (PPI) of 8. Reynolds number (Re) ranges from 3000 - 15000. Distance between two plates of wire mesh (p), ranges from 10-50 mm. The results of the experiment indicate that the Nu figure tends to be higher when there is a rise in Re and a decrease in length of p, resulting in an increase in mass of material. The increasing mass of material enables it to store a large quantity of energy from hot air causing heat to be transferred toward the pipe wall in a higher rate. The value f tends to decline when the Re and p grow up. This phenomenon rather conforms to the general principles of nature, namely that a barrier against the flow will lead to a higher friction factor (f). The Performance Evaluation Criteria (PEC), recorded across the whole Reynolds number range, reaches a maximum where the p is 40 mm since the ratio of Nu to f is the most appropriate figure. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Porous materials

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Reducing Effective System Dimensionality with Long-Range Collective Dipole-Dipole Interactions

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Physical Review Letters 2024年第17期132卷 173803-173803页

作者： Ashwin K. Boddeti Yi Wang Xitlali G. Juarez Alexandra Boltasseva Teri W. Odom Vladimir Shalaev Hadiseh Alaeian Zubin Jacob Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana 47907 USA Birck Nanotechnology Center Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana 47907 USA Graduate Program in Applied Physics Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Department of Chemistry Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA School of Physics and Astronomy Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana 47907 USA

Dimensionality plays a crucial role in long-range dipole-dipole interactions (DDIs). We demonstrate that a resonant nanophotonic structure modifies the apparent dimensionality in an interacting ensemble of emitters, as revealed by population decay dynamics. Our measurements on a dense ensemble of interacting quantum emitters in a resonant nanophotonic structure with long-range DDIs reveal an effective dimensionality reduction to d¯=2.20(12), despite the emitters being distributed in 3D. This contrasts with the homogeneous environment, where the apparent dimension is d¯=3.00. Our work presents a promising avenue to manipulate dimensionality in an ensemble of interacting emitters.

关键词： Light-matter interaction Long-range interactions Metamaterials Optics & lasers Photonics Plasmonics Quantum optics

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Development of a Pixelated BaF2 Test Bed for Timing Applications

Development of a Pixelated BaF2 Test Bed for Timing Applicat...

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2022 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium, Medical Imaging Conference, and Room Temperature Semiconductor Detector Conference, IEEE NSS MIC RTSD 2022

作者： Jordan, Tyler A. Andrews, Madison T. Johnson, Christopher R. McKigney, Edward A. Stange, Sy Vetter, Kai Los AlamosNM87545 United States Los AlamosNM87545 United States University of California Department of Nuclear Engineering BerkeleyCA94720 United States Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Applied Nuclear Physics Program BerkeleyCA94720 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781665488723

Prototype pixelated BaF2 detectors for timing applications have been assembled using state-of-the-art commercial off-the-shelf components. 64 square rods of pure BaF2 (4.6 mm × 4.6 mm × 30 mm) are air-coupled in an 8 × 8 array to a Photonis XP85112 Planacon multianode microchannel plate photomultiplier tube;shortpass optical transmission interference filters may be inserted between the crystal array and photodetector to suppress the slow, self-trapped exciton luminescence. Three filter variants with different long wavelength cutoffs were tested experimentally, and the performance of each filter is assessed. The results of these and upcoming detector characterization exeriments will ascertain how well new technologies can leverage the unique timing properties of BaF2 in a practical system, and provide quantitative guidance for effective continued development. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： barium fluoride (BaF2) multianode microchannel plate photomultiplier tube (MCP-PMT) optical transmission interference filter

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An implicit unified gas-kinetic wave-particle method for radiative transport process

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Liu, Chang Li, Weiming Wang, Yanli Song, Peng Xu, Kun Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing China HEDPS Center for Applied Physics and Technology College of Engineering Peking University Beijing China Department of Mathematics Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Beijing Computational Science Research Center Beijing100193 China

The unified gas-kinetic wave-particle method (UGKWP) has been developed for the multiscale gas, plasma, and multiphase flow transport processes for the past years. In this work, we propose an implicit unified gas-kinetic wave-particle (IUGKWP) method to remove the Courant–Friedrichs–Lewy (CFL) time step constraint. Based on the local integral solution of the radiative transfer equation (RTE), the particle transport processes are categorized into the long-λ streaming process and the short-λ streaming process comparing to a local physical characteristic time tp. In the construction of the IUGKWP method, the long-λ streaming process is tracked by the implicit Monte Carlo (IMC) method;the short-λ streaming process is evolved by solving the implicit moments equations;and the photon distribution is closed by a local integral solution of RTE. In the IUGKWP method, the multiscale flux of radiation energy and the multiscale closure of photon distribution are constructed based on the local integral solution. The IUGKWP method preserves the second-order asymptotic expansion of RTE in the optically thick regime and adapts its computational complexity to the flow regime. The numerical dissipation is well controlled, and the teleportation error is significantly reduced in the optically thick regime. The computational complexity of the IUGKWP method decreases exponentially as the Knudsen number approaches zero, and the computational efficiency is remarkably improved in the optically thick regime. The IUGKWP is formulated on a generalized unstructured mesh, and multidimensional 2D and 3D algorithms are developed. Numerical tests are presented to validate the capability of IUGKWP in capturing the multiscale photon transport process. The algorithm and code will apply in the engineering applications of inertial confinement fusion (ICF). Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Radiative transfer

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mechanical Plasticity of Cell Membranes Enhances Epithelial Wound Closure

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Ton, Andrew T. MacKeith, Arthur K. Shattuck, Mark D. O'Hern, Corey S. Department of Physics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Integrated Graduate Program in Physical and Engineering Biology Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Benjamin Levich Institute and Physics Department The City College of New York New YorkNY10031 United States Department of Applied Physics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States

During epithelial wound healing, cell morphology near the healed wound and the healing rate vary strongly among different developmental stages even for a single species like Drosophila. We develop deformable particle (DP) model simulations to understand how variations in cell mechanics give rise to distinct wound closure phenotypes in the Drosophila embryonic ectoderm and larval wing disc epithelium. We find that plastic deformation of the cell membrane can generate large changes in cell shape consistent with wound closure in the embryonic ectoderm. Our results show that the embryonic ectoderm is best described by cell membranes with an elasto-plastic response, whereas the larval wing disc is best described by cell membranes with an exclusively elastic response. By varying the mechanical response of cell membranes in DP simulations, we recapitulate the wound closure behavior of both the embryonic ectoderm and the larval wing disc. © 2023, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Cytology

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Designing the pressure-dependent shear modulus using tessellated granular metamaterials

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Zhang, Jerry Wang, Dong Jin, Weiwei Xia, Annie Pashine, Nidhi Kramer-Bottiglio, Rebecca Shattuck, Mark D. O’Hern, Corey S. Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Benjamin Levich Institute and Physics Department The City College of New York New YorkNY10031 United States Department of Physics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Applied Physics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Integrated Graduate Program in Physical and Engineering Biology Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States

Jammed packings of granular materials display complex mechanical response. For example, the ensemble-averaged shear modulus 〈G〉 increases as a power-law in pressure p for static packings of soft spherical particles that can rearrange during compression. We seek to design granular materials with shear moduli that can either increase or decrease with pressure without particle rearrangements even in the large-system limit. To do this, we construct tessellated granular metamaterials by joining multiple particle-filled cells together. We focus on cells that contain a small number of bidisperse disks in two dimensions. We first study the mechanical properties of individual disk-filled cells with three types of boundaries: periodic boundary conditions (PBC), fixed-length walls (FXW), and flexible walls (FLW). Hypostatic jammed packings are found for cells with FLW, but not in cells with PBC and FXW, and they are stabilized by quartic modes of the dynamical matrix. The shear modulus of a single cell depends linearly on p. We find that the slope of the shear modulus with pressure, λc c > 0, as well as λc © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Elastic moduli

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Bridging scales with Machine Learning: From first principles statistical mechanics to continuum phase field computations to study order-disorder transitions in LixCoO2

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Teichert, G.H. Das, S. Shojaei, M. Faghih Holber, J. Mueller, T. Hung, L. Gavini, V. Garikipati, K. Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Michigan United States Toyota Research Institute Los AltosCA United States Department of Materials Science & Engineering University of Michigan United States Department of Mathematics University of Michigan United States Michigan Institute for Computational Discovery & Engineering University of Michigan United States Applied Physics Program University of Michigan United States Materials Science & Engineering Johns Hopkins University United States

LixTMO2 (TM=Ni, Co, Mn) forms an important family of cathode materials for Li-ion batteries, whose performance is strongly governed by Li composition-dependent crystal structure and phase stability. Here, we use LixCoO2 (LCO) as a model system to benchmark a machine learning-enabled framework for bridging scales in materials physics. We focus on two scales: (a) assemblies of thousands of atoms described by density functional theory-informed statistical mechanics, and (b) continuum phase field models to study the dynamics of order-disorder transitions in LCO. Central to the scale bridging is the rigorous, quantitatively accurate, representation of the free energy density and chemical potentials of this material system by coarsegraining formation energies for specific atomic configurations. We develop active learning workflows to train recently developed integrable deep neural networks for such high-dimensional free energy density and chemical potential functions. The resulting, first principles-informed, machine learning-enabled, phase-field computations allow us to study LCO cathodes’ phase evolution in terms of temperature, morphology, charge cycling and particle size. © 2023, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Cathodes

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