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arXiv 2024年

作者： Lian, C.-W. Ji, Y. Yan, R. Li, J. Cao, S.-H. Ren, C. Wang, L.-F. Ding, Y.-K. Zheng, J. Department of Modern Mechanics University of Science and Technology of China Anhui Hefei230026 China Department of Plasma Physics and Fusion Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Rochester RochesterNY14627 United States Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing100088 China

The two-plasmon-decay instability (TPD) is a critical target preheating risk in direct-drive inertial confinement fusion. In this paper, TPD collectively driven by a normal-incidence laser beam (Beam-N) and a large-angle-incidence laser beam (Beam-L) is investigated via particle-in-cell simulations. Significant TPD growth is found able to develop in this regime at previously unexpected low laser intensities if the intensity of Beam-L exceeds the large-angle-incidence threshold. Both beams contribute to the growth of TPD in a "seed-amplification" manner where the absolute instability driven by Beam-L provides the seeds that get convectively amplified by Beam-N, making TPD energetically important and causing significant pump depletion and hot electron generation. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Laser beams

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Technology Roadmap for Flexible Sensors

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ACS NANO 2023年第6期17卷 5211-5295页

作者： Luo, Yifei Abidian, Mohammad Reza Ahn, Jong-Hyun Akinwande, Deji Andrews, Anne M. Antonietti, Markus Bao, Zhenan Berggren, Magnus Berkey, Christopher A. Bettinger, Christopher John Chen, Jun Chen, Peng Cheng, Wenlong Cheng, Xu Choi, Seon-Jin Chortos, Alex Dagdeviren, Canan Dauskardt, Reinhold H. Di, Chong-an Dickey, Michael D. Duan, Xiangfeng Facchetti, Antonio Fan, Zhiyong Fang, Yin Feng, Jianyou Feng, Xue Gao, Huajian Gao, Wei Gong, Xiwen Guo, Chuan Fei Guo, Xiaojun Hartel, Martin C. He, Zihan Ho, John S. Hu, Youfan Huang, Qiyao Huang, Yu Huo, Fengwei Hussain, Muhammad M. Javey, Ali Jeong, Unyong Jiang, Chen Jiang, Xingyu Kang, Jiheong Karnaushenko, Daniil Khademhosseini, Ali Kim, Dae-Hyeong Kim, Il-Doo Kireev, Dmitry Kong, Lingxuan Lee, Chengkuo Lee, Nae-Eung Lee, Pooi See Lee, Tae-Woo Li, Fengyu Li, Jinxing Liang, Cuiyuan Lim, Chwee Teck Lin, Yuanjing Lipomi, Darren J. Liu, Jia Liu, Kai Liu, Nan Liu, Ren Liu, Yuxin Liu, Yuxuan Liu, Zhiyuan Liu, Zhuangjian Loh, Xian Jun Lu, Nanshu Lv, Zhisheng Magdassi, Shlomo Malliaras, George G. Matsuhisa, Naoji Nathan, Arokia Niu, Simiao Pan, Jieming Pang, Changhyun Pei, Qibing Peng, Huisheng Qi, Dianpeng Ren, Huaying Rogers, John A. Rowe, Aaron Schmidt, Oliver G. Sekitani, Tsuyoshi Seo, Dae-Gyo Shen, Guozhen Sheng, Xing Shi, Qiongfeng Someya, Takao Song, Yanlin Stavrinidou, Eleni Su, Meng Sun, Xuemei Takei, Kuniharu Tao, Xiao-Ming Tee, Benjamin C. K. Thean, Aaron Voon-Yew Trung, Tran Quang Wan, Changjin Wang, Huiliang Wang, Joseph Wang, Ming Wang, Sihong Wang, Ting Wang, Zhong Lin Weiss, Paul S. Wen, Hanqi Xu, Sheng Xu, Tailin Yan, Hongping Yan, Xuzhou Yang, Hui Yang, Le Yang, Shuaijian Yin, Lan Yu, Cunjiang Yu, Guihua Yu, Jing Yu, Shu-Hong Yu, Xinge Zamburg, Evgeny Zhang, Haixia Zhang, Xiangyu Zhang, Xiaosheng Zhang, Xueji Zhang, Yihui Zhang, Yu Zhao, Siyuan Zhao, Xuanhe Zheng, Yuanjin Zheng, Yu-Qing Zheng, Zijian Zhou, Tao Zhu, Bowen Zhu, Ming Zhu, Rong Zhu, Yangzhi Zhu, Yong Zou, Guijin Chen, Xiaodong 08-03 Innovis Singapore 138634 Republic of Singapore Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX) School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Houston Houston Texas 77024 United States School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Yonsei University Seoul 03722 Republic of Korea Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 United States Microelectronics Research Center The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78758 United States Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry California NanoSystems Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior and Hatos Center for Neuropharmacology University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California 90095 United States Colloid Chemistry Department Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces 14476 Potsdam Germany Department of Chemical Engineering Stanford University Stanford California 94305 United States Laboratory of Organic Electronics Department of Science and Technology Campus Norrköping Linköping University 83 Linköping Sweden Wallenberg Initiative Materials Science for Sustainability (WISE) and Wallenberg Wood Science Center (WWSC) SE-100 44 Stockholm Sweden Department of Materials Science and Engineering Stanford University Stanford California 94301 United States Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Materials Science and Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15213 United States Department of Bioengineering University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California 90095 United States School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637457 Singapore Nanobionics Group Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Monash University Clayton Australia 3800 Monash

Humans rely increasingly on sensors to address grand challenges and to improve quality of life in the era of digitalization and big data. For ubiquitous sensing, flexible sensors are developed to overcome the limitations of conventional rigid counterparts. Despite rapid advancement in bench-side research over the last decade, the market adoption of flexible sensors remains limited. To ease and to expedite their deployment, here, we identify bottlenecks hindering the maturation of flexible sensors and propose promising solutions. We first analyze continued...challenges in achieving satisfactory sensing performance for real-world applications and then summarize issues in compatible sensor-biology interfaces, followed by brief discussions on powering and connecting sensor networks. Issues en route to commercialization and for sustainable growth of the sector are also analyzed, highlighting environmental concerns and emphasizing nontechnical issues such as business, regulatory, and ethical considerations. Additionally, we look at future intelligent flexible sensors. In proposing a comprehensive roadmap, we hope to steer research efforts towards common goals and to guide coordinated development strategies from disparate communities. Through such collaborative

关键词： soft materials mechanics engineering flexible electronics conformable sensors bioelectronics human-machine interfaces body area sensor networks technology translation sustainable electronics

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Ultrastrong Spin-Photon Coupling in Gadolinium Gallium Garnet

Ultrastrong Spin-Photon Coupling in Gadolinium Gallium Garne...

引用

2023 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2023

作者： Kritzell, T. Elijah Bao, Junzhe Doumani, Jacques Lee, Jae Joon Xu, Hongjing Tay, Fuyang Nojiri, Hiroyuki Bamba, Motoaki Baydin, Andrey Kono, Junichiro Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University Sendai980-8577 Japan The Hakubi Center for Advanced Research Kyoto University Kyoto606-8502 Japan Department of Physics I Kyoto University Kyoto606-8502 Japan Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States

We examine ultrastrong coupling of an ensemble of paramagnetic spins in Gd3Ga5O12 with terahertz photons in the presence of a high external magnetic field both in the bulk and thin-film limits. © 2023 The Author(s)

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171258

关键词： Photons

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Simulation-Based Prediction of Black Hole X-ray Spectra and Spectral Variability

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Liu, Rongrong Nagele, Chris Krolik, Julian H. Kinch, Brooks E. Schnittman, Jeremy Department of Physics and Astronomy Johns Hopkins University BaltimoreMD21218 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA19104 United States Gravitational Astrophysics Lab NASA Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMD20771 United States

Data derived from general relativistic MHD simulations of accretion onto black holes can be used as input to a post-processing scheme that predicts the radiated spectrum. Combining a relativistic Compton-scattering radiation transfer solution in the corona with detailed local atmosphere solutions incorporating local ionization and thermal balance within the disk photosphere, it is possible to study both spectral formation and intrinsic spectral variability in the radiation from relativistic accretion disks. With this method, we find that radiatively-efficient systems with black holes of 10M☉ accreting at ≈ 0.01 in Eddington units produce spectra very similar to those observed in the hard states of X-ray binaries. The spectral shape above 10 keV is well-described by a power-law with an exponential cutoff. Intrinsic turbulent variations lead to order-unity fluctuations in bolometric luminosity, logarithmic spectral slope fluctuations over a range ≈ 0.15, and factor of 2 changes in the cut-off energy on timescales ∼ 50 (MBH/10M☉) ms. Within the corona, the range of gas temperature spans more than an order of magnitude. The wide distribution of temperatures is central to defining the spectrum: the logarithmic spectral slope is harder by ∼ 0.3 and the cut-off energy larger by a factor ∼ 10 − 30 than if the coronal temperature everywhere were its mass-weighted mean. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Compton scattering

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Understanding Degradation Mechanisms in Single Crystal NMC Cathodes for Enhanced Lithium-Ion Battery Performance - a Review

Understanding Degradation Mechanisms in Single Crystal NMC C...

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Multidisciplinary engineering and applied Science (ICMEAS), International Conference on

作者： Bernice Ngwi Abraham Odette Fayen Ngasoh Nkechi E. Offia-Kalu Vitalis Chioh Anye Daniel Amune Uchenna C. Obi Abdulhakeem Bello Department of Materials Science and Engineering African University of Science and Technology (AUST) Abuja Nigeria Department of Mechanical Engineering African University of Science and Technology (AUST) Abuja Nigeria Department of Materials Science and Engineering African University of Science and Technology Abuja Nigeria Department of Theoritical & Applied Physics African University of Science and Technology (AUST) Abuja Nigeria

ISBN: (数字)9798350358834

ISBN: (纸本)9798350358841

Lithium-ion batteries have revolutionized portable electronics and electric transportation, but their longevity and performance continue to be the focus of research. Single crystal nickel manganese cobalt (SC-NMC) cathodes are emerging materials for advancing lithium-ion battery technology. However, harnessing their potential requires comprehending the degradation mechanisms which occur during cycling. This review presents an extensive analysis of the intricate degradation processes affecting them. We explore the structural transformations, surface layer formation, and lithium loss mechanisms that govern the capacity fade and voltage decay observed in these cathode materials. By examining the latest developments in diagnostic techniques and characterization methods, we examine the tools available for studying degradation phenomena. Furthermore, mitigation strategies to enhance the resilience of NMC cathodes are explored, elucidating material modifications and protective coatings. Understanding this is pivotal for designing more robust lithium-ion batteries. This review identifies critical research gaps, offering a roadmap for advancements in energy storage.

关键词： Degradation Lithium-ion batteries Crystals Voltage Nickel Cathodes Resilience

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Fixed-flux Rayleigh-Bénard convection in doubly periodic domains: generation of large-scale shear

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Liu, Chang Sharma, Manjul Julien, Keith Knobloch, Edgar Department of Physics University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Applied Mathematics University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States School of Mechanical Aerospace and Manufacturing Engineering University of Connecticut CT06269 United States

This work studies two-dimensional fixed-flux Rayleigh-Bénard convection with periodic boundary conditions in both horizontal and vertical directions and analyzes its dynamics using numerical continuation, secondary instability analysis and direct numerical simulation. The fixed-flux constraint leads to time-independent elevator modes with a well-defined amplitude. Secondary instability of these modes leads to tilted elevator modes accompanied by horizontal shear flow. For Pr = 1, where Pr is the Prandtl number, a subsequent subcritical Hopf bifurcation leads to hysteresis behavior between this state and a time-dependent direction-reversing state, followed by a global bifurcation leading to modulated traveling waves without flow reversal. Single-mode equations reproduce this moderate Rayleigh number behavior well. At high Rayleigh numbers, chaotic behavior dominated by modulated traveling waves appears. These transitions are characteristic of high wavenumber elevator modes since the vertical wavenumber of the secondary instability is linearly proportional to the horizontal wavenumber of the elevator mode. At a low Pr, relaxation oscillations between the conduction state and the elevator mode appear, followed by quasiperiodic and chaotic behavior as the Rayleigh number increases. In the high Pr regime, the large-scale shear weakens, and the flow shows bursting behavior that can lead to significantly increased heat transport or even intermittent stable stratification. © 2023, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Natural convection

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Active Morphing Control of Airfoil At Low Reynolds Number Using Level-Set Method 3

Active Morphing Control of Airfoil At Low Reynolds Number Us...

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3rd Novel Intelligent and Leading Emerging Sciences Conference, NILES 2021

作者： Elbadry, Yusuf T. Guaily, Amr Gamal Boraey, Mohammed A. Abdelrahman, Mohamed M. School of Engineering Applied Science Nile University Giza12588 Egypt Cairo University Faculty of Engineering Engineering Mathematics and Physics Department Giza12613 Egypt Zagazig University Mechanical Power Engineering Department Zagazig44519 Egypt Cairo University Department of Aerospace Engineering Giza12613 Egypt Nile University Giza12588 Egypt

ISBN: (纸本)9781665421577

The active control of flow around an airfoil through morphing is numerically investigated. The lock-in phenomenon was predicted while using a fixed grid. Galerkin/Least-Squares Finite Element Method was used to simulate incompressible flow over an airfoil with leading edge morphing at a Reynolds number, Re = 5000, and angle of attack, α = 6°. The numerical simulation was carried out using the in-house FORTRAN code. The code was validated with the literature by simulating the flow over an oscillating cylinder. The paperwork implemented a locally oscillating surface on the airfoil with a deformation function. The non-dimensional oscillation frequency was varied in the range of [0.4 - 2.7] and the flow frequencies were analyzed. The primary and secondary frequencies were recorded at each simulation and the lock-in region is specified. The streamlines and vorticity contours are presented at two different excitation frequencies, specifically, fe = 1.0 and fe = 2.5. The streamlines and vorticity contours showed the formation of the vortices in both cases. The results show great accuracy for the Level-Set Method compared with the literature work that used the Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian method, and the flow frequencies can be predicted accurately. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Airfoils

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Structural Characteristics, Wear Behavior, and Failure Mechanism of Thermal Sprayed Commercial Ni-Cr and Low-Cost Innovative Blast Furnace Slag Coatings

SSRN

引用

SSRN 2023年

作者： Ozgurluk, Yasin Ozkan, Dervis Gok, Mustafa Sabri Odabas, Okan Binal, Gulfem Gulec, Ahmet Parlakyigit, Abdullah Selim Karaoglanli, Abdullah Cahit Bartin University Faculty of Engineering Architecture and Design Mechanical Engineering Department Bartin74110 Turkey Program of Medical Services and Techniques Vocational School of Health Services Bartin University Bartin74100 Turkey Bartin University Faculty of Engineering Architecture and Design Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department Bartin74110 Turkey Program of Machine and Welding Technology Karasu Vocational School Sakarya University of Applied Sciences Sakarya54500 Turkey Istanbul Medeniyet University Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Mechanical Engineering Istanbul34700 Turkey

It is very important to reintroduce waste to the economy in the most efficient way and to reduce their amount both from the point of view of economic and environmental problems. However, when waste is evaluated, not only its elimination but also its use in areas with high added value should be considered. This study is aimed to create a different usage area for the slag wastes that cause problems to the environment and factories. For this reason, two different coatings;the low-cost BFS and commercial 80Ni-20Cr coatings have been successfully deposited on 316L stainless steel substrates by atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) and high-velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) spraying techniques, respectively. The coatings’ microstructural properties and wear performance were studied under dry sliding conditions in ball-on-flat reciprocating tests using an Al2O3 ball as the counterpart. Reciprocating wear tests were comparatively evaluated under various dry sliding conditions. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy was used to examine the surface morphology and elemental analysis of coatings (EDS). The wear traces obtained from the tests were examined using a 3D optical profilometer. The phases in the samples were determined with the X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. This study was carried out to determine the applicability of BFS waste material in material coating technologies, to investigate its usability in industrial applications, and to determine its performance for commercially used coatings against wear-oriented damage mechanisms. As a result of the study results, it has been seen that BFS material can be produced by the thermal spray coating method in material coating technologies and has similar properties to Ni-Cr coatings in commercial use in terms of wear performance. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Slags

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Comparison of the Hot Corrosion Behavior of Detonation Gun Sprayed Ysz and Bfs Tbc Systems

SSRN

引用

SSRN 2023年

作者： Ozgurluk, Yasin Gulec, Ahmet Ozkan, Dervis Binal, Gulfem Karaoglanli, Abdullah Cahit Program of Medical Services and Techniques Vocational School of Health Services Bartin University Bartin74100 Turkey Program of Machine and Welding Technology Karasu Vocational School Sakarya University of Applied Sciences Sakarya54500 Turkey Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Architecture and Design Bartin University Bartin74110 Turkey

Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) are thermal insulation materials widely used in the marine, automotive and aviation industries. TBC systems used in high-temperature applications such as the combustion chamber of engines and turbine blades are exposed to many damages caused by environmental conditions under usage conditions. In order to reduce these unavoidable damage mechanisms, ceramic materials with low thermal conductivity and high stability are used in TBC systems. In this study, the hot corrosion damage mechanism, which is caused by the impurities of the fuels used in the industry and causes great damage in TBC systems, was simulated and evaluated in the laboratory environment. For the formation of TBC systems, CoNiCrAlY metallic bond coating powders were deposited on Ni-based superalloy substrates by the detonation gun (D-gun) process. Commercial YSZ coating and blast furnace slag were deposited on the bond coating by atmospheric plasma spray APS method. Hot corrosion testing of TBCs was performed at 800 °C for 8, 24, 50 and 75 hours in an environmental condition consisting of a 45% wt% Na2SO4–55 wt% V2O5 corrosive salt mixture. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Thermal barrier coatings

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A Quantitative Comparison of Physical Accuracy and Numerical Stability of Lattice Boltzmann Color Gradient and Pseudopotential Multicomponent Models for Microfluidic Applications

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Communications in Computational physics 2022年第7期32卷 450-489页

作者： Karun P.N.Datadien Gianluca Di Staso Herman M.A.Wijshoff Federico Toschi Department of Applied Physics Eindhoven University of Technology5612 AZ EindhovenNetherlands FLOW Matters Consultancy B.V. 5612AEEindhovenThe Netherlands Department of Mechanical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology5612 AZ EindhovenNetherlands Canon Production Printing Netherlands B.V. 5914 HHVenloThe Netherlands Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Eindhoven University of Technology5612 AZ EindhovenNetherlands Istituto per le Applicazioni del Calcolo Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche00185 RomeItaly

The performances of the Color-Gradient(CG)and the Shan-Chen(SC)multicomponent Lattice Boltzmann models are quantitatively compared side-by-side on multiple physical flow problems where breakup,coalescence and contraction of fluid ligaments are *** flow problems are relevant to microfluidic applications,jetting of microdroplets as seen in inkjet printing,as well as emulsion dynamics.A significantly wider range of parameters is shown to be accessible for CG in terms of density-ratio,viscosity-ratio and surface tension *** stability for a high density ratio O(1000)is required for simulating the drop formation process during inkjet printing which we show here to be achievable using the CG model but not using the SC *** results show that the CG model is a suitable choice for challenging simulations of droplet formation,due to a combination of both numerical stability and physical *** also present a novel approach to incorporate repulsion forces between interfaces for CG,with possible applications to the study of stabilized ***,we show that the CG model can produce similar results to a known multirange potentials extension of the SC model for modelling a disjoining pressure,opening up its use for the study of dense stabilized emulsions.

关键词： Lattice Boltzmann method multiphase flow multicomponent flow inkjet printing turbulent emulsion

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