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arXiv 2023年

作者： Krawciw, Benjamin Carr, Lincoln D. Behn, Cecilia Diniz Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Colorado School of Mines GoldenCO United States Department of Physics Colorado School of Mines GoldenCO United States Quantum Engineering Program Colorado School of Mines GoldenCO United States

Complex network theory has focused on properties of networks with real-valued edge weights. However, in signal transfer networks, such as those representing the transfer of light across an interferometer, complex-valued edge weights are needed to represent the manipulation of the signal in both magnitude and phase. These complex-valued edge weights introduce interference into the signal transfer, but it is unknown how such interference affects network properties such as small-worldness. To address this gap, we have introduced a small-world interferometer network model with complex-valued edge weights and generalized existing network measures to define the interferometric clustering coefficient, the apparent path length, and the interferometric small-world coefficient. Using high-performance computing resources, we generated a large set of small-world interferometers over a wide range of parameters in system size, nearest-neighbor count, and edge-weight phase and computed their interferometric network measures. We found that the interferometric small-world coefficient depends significantly on the amount of phase on complex-valued edge weights: for small edge-weight phases, constructive interference led to a higher interferometric small-world coefficient;while larger edge-weight phases induced destructive interference which led to a lower interferometric small-world coefficient. Thus, for the small-world interferometer model, interferometric measures are necessary to capture the effect of interference on signal transfer. This model is an example of the type of problem that necessitates interferometric measures, and applies to any wave-based network including quantum networks. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Interferometers

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The Canadian RADiation Impacts on Climate and Atmospheric Loss Satellite (RADICALS) Mission: Exploring the Coupling of Space Weather and Terrestrial Climate

The Canadian RADiation Impacts on Climate and Atmospheric Lo...

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2024 Small Satellites Systems and Services Symposium, 4S 2024

作者： Mann, Ian R. Cully, C.M. Fedosejevs, R. Milling, D.K. Enno, G.A. Lipsett, M. Zee, R.E. Larouche, B.P. Rankin, R. Connors, M.G. McWilliams, K.A. Ward, W.E. Fiori, R.A. Olifer, L. Ozeke, L. Marshall, R.A. Cullen, D. Barona, D. Howarth, A.D. Yau, A.W. University of Alberta Department of Physics 11335 Saskatchewan Drive NW EdmontonABT6G 2H5 Canada University of Calgary Department of Physics & Astronomy 2500 University Drive NW CalgaryABT2N 1N4 Canada University of Alberta Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering 9211 116 St NW EdmontonABT6G 1H9 Canada University of Alberta Department of Mechanical Engineering 9211 116 St NW EdmontonABT6G 1H9 Canada Space Flight Laboratory University of Toronto Institute for Aerospace Studies 4925 Dufferin Street TorontoONM3H-5T6 Canada Athabasca University 1 University Drive AthabascaABT9S 3A3 Canada University of Saskatchewan Department of Physics & Engineering Physics 9 Campus Drive SaskatoonSKS7N 5A5 Canada University of New Brunswick Department of Physics 8 Bailey Ave FrederictonNBE3A 1H4 Canada Canadian Space Weather Forecast Centre Natural Resources Canada 2617 Anderson Rd OttawaONK1A 0E7 Canada University of Colorado at Boulder College of Engineering and Applied Science 1111 Engineering Drive 422 UCB BoulderCO80309-0422 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781510688940

The RADiation Impacts on Climate and Atmospheric Loss Satellite (RADICALS) is a low-Earth orbiting Canadian small satellite mission investigating the transport of space radiation into the atmosphere, and its impact on Earth’s climate. Scheduled for launch in late 2026, the mission will launch into a polar orbit with an integrated payload comprising two back-to-back look direction High Energy Particle (RADHEPT) telescopes, an X-Ray Imager (XRI) to remote sense energetic particle precipitation using back-scattered Bremsstrahlung X-rays, and a boom mounted FluxGate Magnetometer (FGM) and Search Coil Magnetometer (SCM). Using an innovative Thomson spin-stabilized configuration, the satellite will sample the pitch angle distributions in the spin-plane twice per spin. The back-to-back RADHEPT look directions allow for a contemporaneous view of the down-going and back-scattered up-going electrons, at the same time the XRI remote-senses the related Bremsstrahlung, and the magnetometers provide in-situ magnetic signatures of a range of plasma waves. The key measurement of the pitch angle resolved energetic electron precipitation (EEP) and related back-scatter, including a resolved loss cone, will allow a detailed assessment of the energetic particle energy input to the atmosphere. Measurements of EEP, in addition to measurements of solar energetic particle (SEP) precipitation, will represent a critical data set for assessing the role of space radiation in the climate system, for example through the catalytic destruction of ozone in the middle atmosphere by NOx and HOx. Accurately quantifying the impacts of this space radiation on climate requires accurate and loss cone-resolved characterization of the flux of these precipitating energetic particles for inclusion into whole atmosphere models. The RADICALS explorer will also enable research into potentially catastrophic space-weather radiation effects on satellite infrastructure, and assess impacts on space weather-related int

关键词： Magnetometers

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Magnetic structure and field-induced transitions in the triangular spin-1 antiferromagnet NiNb2O6: Observation of a triple point

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Physical Review B 2023年第22期108卷 224430-224430页

作者： Maruthi R Sobhit Singh Sayandeep Ghosh Mohindar S. Seehra Bruno Weise Wilfrid Prellier Subhash Thota Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Assam 781039 India Department of Physics B.M.S. College of Engineering Bangalore 560019 Karnataka India Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Rochester Rochester New York 14627 USA Materials Science Program University of Rochester Rochester New York 14627 USA Department of Physics Chungnam National University Daejeon 34134 Republic of Korea Department of Physics Kunsan National University Gunsan 54150 Republic of Korea Department of Physics & Astronomy West Virginia University Morgantown West Virginia 26506 USA Leibniz-IFW Dresden Institute for Complex Materials D-01069 Dresden Germany CRISMAT laboratory Normandy University ENSICAEN UNICAEN National Center for Scientific Research 14000 Caen France

A comprehensive experiment-theory study on the magnetic field-induced spin-flip transitions (HC1 and HC2) and the field-temperature (H−T) phase diagram of nickel niobate (NiNb2O6) polycrystals is reported. Magnetic susceptibility (χ) measurements reveal the presence of quasi-one-dimensional magnetism with spin-1 Ni2+ Heisenberg spin chains, instead of Ising chains, along the easy axis (c axis). The ferromagnetic intrachain exchange-interaction strength, J0/kB (=4.20 K), between Ni2+ ions in the c axis is estimated from the molecular-field theory approximation. The interchain exchange interactions J1/kB=−1.335 K and J2/kB=−1.298 K have been determined from the experimentally obtained magnitudes of HC1=10.8 kOe and spin-saturated field HS=38 kOe. These magnitudes are consistent with the total magnetic exchange-interaction strength, J/kB=7.00 K obtained from χ−T data fitted with the Heisenberg linear chain model and our density-functional theory (DFT+U) calculations. The overall antiferromagnetic behavior of the NiNb2O6 system, correctly captured within our DFT+U calculations, occurs below TN=5.59±0.02 K as determined from the analysis of the specific heat (CP−T) data. The CP vs T data near TN is fitted to power-law expression CP=A|T−TN|−α yielding the critical exponent α=0.349(2) [0.349(1)] for T>TN (T

关键词： Magnetic interactions Magnetic phase transitions Magnetism Structural properties

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Observation of Colossal Terahertz Magnetoresistance and Magnetocapacitance in a Perovskite Manganite

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Tay, Fuyang Chaudhary, Swati He, Jiaming Peraca, Nicolas Marquez Baydin, Andrey Fiete, Gregory A. Zhou, Jianshi Kono, Junichiro Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Physics University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Department of Physics Northeastern University BostonMA02115 United States Department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Materials Science and Engineering Program Mechanical Engineering University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States

We have studied the terahertz response of a bulk single crystal of La0.875Sr0.125MnO3at around its Curie temperature, observing large changes in the real and imaginary parts of the optical conductivity as a function of magnetic field. The terahertz resistance and capacitance extracted from the optical conductivity rapidly increased with increasing magnetic field and did not show any sign of saturation up to 6 T, reaching 60% and 15%, respectively, at 180 K. The observed terahertz colossal magnetoresistance and magnetocapacitance effects can be qualitatively explained by using a two-component model that assumes the coexistence of two phases with vastly different conductivities. These results demonstrate the potential use of perovskite manganites for developing efficient terahertz devices based on magnetic modulations of the amplitude and phase of terahertz waves. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Optical conductivity

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Electric leakage suppression of phase-transforming ferroelectrics with donor impurities

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhang, Chenbo Peng, Xiaotong Liu, Bo Zhang, Kai Chen, Xian MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials School of Physics Science and Engineering Institute for Advanced Study Tongji University Shanghai200092 China School of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics Tongji University Shanghai200092 China Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Hong Kong

Phase-transforming ferroelectric materials are widely used in energy harvesting and conversion devices. However, the functionality of these devices is significantly impeded by electrical leakage at high temperatures. In this study, we fundamentally study the mechanism of electrical leakage suppression due to phase transformation in a series of donor-doped ferroelectric oxides, Ba0.955Eu0.03Ti1−xZrxO3 with 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.15. Our experiments clearly demonstrate that the symmetry-breaking phase transformations result in the reduction in electrical conductivity of the donor-doped ferroelectric oxides. The DFT calculation suggests that the donor energy level undergoes a shallow-to-deep transition at the phase transformation temperature. By analyzing the constitutive model of the leakage current density function, we propose a leakage suppression coefficient that rationalizes the development of ferroelectrics with low electrical leakage at elevated temperatures. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Ferroelectric materials

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Investigating the Tribological Behavior of Nitinol Alloys Manufactured via mechanical Alloying for Hip Implant Applications

Investigating the Tribological Behavior of Nitinol Alloys Ma...

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Symposium Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials: In-Situ Characterization Techniques, 2025, was part of the 154th Annual Meeting and Exhibition, TMS 2025

作者： Nabila, Bouchareb Naouel, Hezil Mamoun, Fellah Dikra, Bouras Habeeb, Majeed Ali Imen, Rim Neçar, Merah Larios, Alejandro Perez Gamal, A. El-Hiti Aleksei, Obrosov Alex, Montagne Matter Science Department Abbes Laghrour-University P.O 1252 Khenchela40004 Algeria Mechanical Engineering Department Abbes Laghrour-University PO 1252 Khenchela40004 Algeria Biomaterial Synthesis and Tribology Research Team Abbes Laghrour University PO 1252 Khenchela40004 Algeria Department of Science of Matter Faculty of Science and Technology University of Souk-Ahras Souk Ahras Algeria Department of Physics College of Education for Pure Sciences University of Babylon Babil Babylon Babil Iraq Mechanical Engineering Department King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals PO 1180 Dhahran31261 Saudi Arabia Interdisciplinary Research Center for Advanced Materials King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Dhahran31261 Saudi Arabia Nanocatalysis Research Laboratory Department of Engineering Centro Universitario de los Altos University of Guadalajara Jalisco Tepatitlán de Morelos Mexico Department of Optometry College of Applied Medical Sciences King Saud University Riyadh11433 Saudi Arabia Department of Physical Metallurgy and Materials Technology Brandenburg Technical University Cottbus03046 Germany LAMIH UMR Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France Valenciennes8201-F-59313 France

ISBN: (纸本)9783031806797

The equiatomic titanium-nickel alloy, known as nitinolNitinol, is a highly sought-after titanium-based alloy used in biomedical applications, particularly in orthopedic implants. Its outstanding properties, such as low density, shape memory effect, high wear and corrosion resistance, good biocompatibility, and low Young's modulus compared to stainless steelSteel or cobalt alloys, make it a truly impressive material. The present paper discusses the most significant findings on the tribological behavior of nitinolNitinol for biomedical applications. The crystallite size was estimated by X-ray diffraction (XRDX-ray Diffraction (XRD)), and the hardness was determined by nanoindentation. The study found that as the milling time increased, the size of the crystallite decreased while the hardness increased. The results of the tribological tests indicated that the enhanced mechanical propertiesmechanical properties, particularly the increased hardness and grain refinement of the alloys, contributed to the improved tribological performanceTribological performance of nitinolNitinol, specifically in terms of reduced wear rateWear rate and friction coefficientFriction coefficient. Therefore, nitinolNitinol, with its superior wear resistance, is a material that can be effectively customized for use in orthopedic implant applications. © The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society 2025.

关键词： Grain refinement

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Characterizing Winter-Time Brown Carbon: Insights into Chemical and Light-Absorption Properties in Residential and Traffic Environments

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Barreira, Luis M.F. Aurela, Minna Saarikoski, Sanna Li, Delun Teinilä, Kimmo Virkkula, Aki Niemi, Jarkko V. Manninen, Hanna Elina Pirjola, Liisa Petäjä, Tuukka Rönkkö, Topi Timonen, Hilkka Atmospheric Composition Research Finnish Meteorological Institute Helsinki00101 Finland Helsinki Region Environmental Services Authority Helsinki00066 Finland Department of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering Metropolia University of Applied Sciences Vantaa01600 Finland Aerosol Physics Laboratory Physics Unit Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Tampere University Tampere33014 Finland Faculty of Science University of Helsinki Finland

Brown carbon (BrC) is an organic aerosol (OA) component that possesses light-absorbing properties in the UV-vis spectrum, impacting climate change. However, the current understanding of climate repercussions stemming from BrC emissions remains insufficient due to a lack of comprehensive knowledge regarding its chemical makeup, light-absorption, and the role of atmospheric aging in shaping BrC properties. This study investigates BrC in PM1 (particulate matter © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Air quality

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Gallium Oxide as Photonic Integrated Platforms in the UV-Visible Spectra

Gallium Oxide as Photonic Integrated Platforms in the UV-Vis...

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2023 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2023

作者： Zhou, Jingan Zhao, Xuan Xu, Rui Zhang, Xiang Fu, Kai Li, Tao Xu, Mingfei Luo, Shisong He, Ziyi Robinson, Jacob T. Zhu, Hanyu Ajayan, Pulickel M. Zhang, Xiaodong Zhao, Yuji Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States School of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering Arizona State University TempeAZ85287 United States Nanofabrication facility Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics Chinese Academy of Sciences Jiangsu Suzhou215123 China

We report the Ga2O3 as photonic integrated platforms and its nonlinear optical effects in the UV-visible spectra. A low propagation loss of 3.7 dB/cm and second-order susceptibility of x(2)=4.89xl03pm/V were obtained.... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171258

关键词： Gallium compounds

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Large-eddy simulation of Rayleigh-Bénard convection at extreme Rayleigh numbers

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Samuel, Roshan Samtaney, Ravi Verma, Mahendra K. Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur208016 India Mechanical Engineering Program Physical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal 23955 Saudi Arabia Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur208016 India

We adopt the stretched spiral vortex sub-grid model for large-eddy simulation (LES) of turbulent convection at extreme Rayleigh numbers. We simulate Rayleigh-Bénard convection (RBC) for Rayleigh numbers ranging from 106 to 1015 and for Prandtl numbers 0.768 and 1. We choose a box of dimensions 1:1:10 to reduce computational cost. Our LES yields Nusselt and Reynolds numbers that are in good agreement with the direct-numerical simulation (DNS) results of Iyer et al.1, albeit with a smaller grid size and at significantly reduced computational expense. For example, in our simulations at Ra = 1013, we use grids that are 1/120 times the grid-resolution as that of the DNS1. The Reynolds numbers in our simulations span 3 orders of magnitude from 1,000 to 1,700,000. Consistent with the literature, we obtain scaling relations for Nusselt and Reynolds numbers as Nu ∼ Ra0.317 and Re ∼ Ra0.497. We also perform LES of RBC with periodic side-walls, for which we obtain the corresponding scaling exponents as 0.343 and 0.477 respectively. Our LES is a promising tool to push simulations of thermal convection to extreme Rayleigh numbers, and hence enable us to test the transition to ultimate convection regime. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Large eddy simulation

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Proofreading mechanism for colloidal self-assembly

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Zhu, Qian-Ze Du, Chrisy Xiyu King, Ella M. Brenner, Michael P. School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University CambridgeMA02139 United States Mechanical Engineering University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa HonoluluHI96822 United States Department of Physics Harvard University CambridgeMA02138 United States

Designing components that can robustly self-assemble into structures with biological complexity is a grand challenge for material science. Proofreading and error correction is required to improve assembly yield beyond equilibrium limits, using energy to avoid kinetic traps in the energy landscape. Here we introduce an explicit two staged proofreading scheme for patchy particle colloidal assemblies that substantially improves assembly yield and robustness. The first stage implements local rules whereby particles increase their binding strengths when they detect a local environment corresponding to a desired target. The second stage corrects remaining errors, adding a reverse pathway inspired by kinetic proofreading. The scheme shows significant yield improvements, eliminating kinetic traps, giving a much broader temperature range with high yield. Additionally, the scheme is robust against quenched disorder in the components. Our findings illuminate a pathway for advancing programmable design of synthetic living materials, potentially fostering the synthesis of novel biological materials and functional behaviors. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Error correction

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