检索结果-内蒙古大学图书馆

Low-dose intrapulmonary drug delivery device for studies on next-generation therapeutics in mice

Journal of Controlled Release 2023年第1期359卷 287-301页

作者： Gracioso Martins, Ana Maria Snider, Douglas B. Popowski, Kristen D. Schuchard, Karl G. Tenorio, Matias Akunuri, Sandip Wee, Junghyun Peters, Kara J. Jansson, Anton Shirwaiker, Rohan Cheng, Ke Freytes, Donald O. Cruse, Glenn P. Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State University RaleighNC United States Comparative Medicine and Translational Research Training Program North Carolina State University RaleighNC United States Comparative Medicine Institute North Carolina State University RaleighNC United States Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering North Carolina State University & University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill NC United States Edward P. Fitts Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering North Carolina State University RaleighNC United States Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering North Carolina State University RaleighNC United States Analytical Instrumentation Facility Monteith Research Center North Carolina State University RaleighNC United States

Although nebulizers have been developed for delivery of small molecules in human patients, no tunable device has been purpose-built for targeted delivery of modern large molecule and temperature-sensitive therapeutics to mice. Mice are used most of all species in biomedical research and have the highest number of induced models for human-relevant diseases and transgene models. Regulatory approval of large molecule therapeutics, including antibody therapies and modified RNA highlight the need for quantifiable dose delivery in mice to model human delivery, proof-of-concept studies, efficacy, and dose-response. To this end, we developed and characterized a tunable nebulization system composed of an ultrasonic transducer equipped with a mesh nebulizer fitted with a silicone restrictor plate modification to control the nebulization rate. We have identified the elements of design that influence the most critical factors to targeted delivery to the deep lungs of BALB/c mice. By comparing an in silico model of the mouse lung with experimental data, we were able to optimize and confirm the targeted delivery of over 99% of the initial volume to the deep portions of the mouse lung. The resulting nebulizer system provides targeted lung delivery efficiency far exceeding conventional nebulizers preventing waste of expensive biologics and large molecules during proof-of-concept and pre-clinical experiments involving mice. (Word Count =207). © 2023 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Molecules

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

DrugEL: Ensemble Learning Model for Identification of Druggable Proteins

DrugEL: Ensemble Learning Model for Identification of Drugga...

引用

IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)

作者： Md. Mamun Ali Kawsar Ahmed Francis M. Bui Fang-Xiang Wu Division of Biomedical Engineering University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Canada Department of Mechanical Engineering and Department of Computer Science Division of Biomedical Engineering University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Canada

ISBN: (数字)9798350386226

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386233

Druggable proteins are defined as proteins that can interact with drugs to modulate certain biological activity. The identification of druggable proteins holds significant clinical importance, directly impacting the development of targeted therapies for diseases like cancer and metabolic disorders. Identifying druggable proteins involves various methods, including computational prediction models, mass spectrometry (MS), and biochemical assays, but achieving high accuracy remains a challenge. This study proposes DrugEL, an ensemble learning model that uses Bayesian inference to integrate predictions from multiple algorithms: Random Forest (RF), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), LightGBM (LGBM), and Decision Tree (DT) with seven feature extraction methods (LSA, AAC, PAAC, GAAC, NMBroto, AAIndex, and KNN). The results show that DrugEL outperforms existing models in terms of accuracy (0.9758), MCC (0.9515), AUC (0.9758), sensitivity (0.9742) and specificity (0.9774), particularly excelling with the LSA method.

关键词： Proteins Analytical models Accuracy Sensitivity Biological system modeling Computational modeling Nearest neighbor methods Predictive models Ensemble learning Random forests

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Retaining spatial resolution multifocal confocal fluorescence microscopy with deep learning

引用

Optics Express 2025年第6期33卷 12288-12303页

作者： Suresh, Surag Athippillil Vyas, Sunil Yeh, J. Andrew Luo, Yuan Institute of Nano Engineering and Microsystems National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Institute of Medical Device and Imaging National Taiwan University Taipei10051 Taiwan Program for Precision Health and Intelligent Medicine National Taiwan University Taipei106319 Taiwan Department of Biomedical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei10051 Taiwan YongLin Institute of Health National Taiwan University Taipei10087 Taiwan

Confocal microscopy is a standard modality for volumetric imaging of biological samples due to its high spatial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). However, the slow point-by-point scanning process limits its image acquisition speed. Multifocal illumination allows for faster acquisition but compromises spatial resolution. Here, we introduce a deep learning approach for multifocal confocal microscopy that achieves faster acquisition while preserving high resolution. The proposed model is based on image-to-image translation, implemented using modified U-Net, ResU-Net, and Attention U-Net architectures. The model is trained and tested on paired experimental datasets, with conventional confocal images as groundtruth and multifocal confocal images as input from various biological samples. The modified Attention U-Net significantly improves image quality and retains structural details, with higher peak SNR (32.83 dB) and structural similarity index measure (0.935) values. Additionally, spatial frequency analysis and Fourier ring correlation confirm that the Attention U-Net outperforms other models in preserving both low-frequency (>0.92 accuracy) and high-frequency information (0.90 vs. 0.83 for U-Net). Performance metrics demonstrate that our models match the quality of traditional confocal imaging, increasing imaging speed and addressing the trade-off between speed and resolution in multifocal confocal microscopy. These findings underscore the potential of combining deep learning with various confocal imaging applications. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： Fluorescence microscopy

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Soft Tubular Strain Sensors for Contact Detection 12th

Soft Tubular Strain Sensors for Contact Detection

引用

Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Biomimetic and Biohybrid Systems, Living Machines 2023

作者： Dai, Kevin Elangovan, Abirami Whirley, Karen Webster-Wood, Victoria A. Department of Mechanical Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA United States McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783031388569

Sensing and actuation are intricately connected in soft robotics, where contact may change actuator mechanics and robot behavior. To improve soft robotic control and performance, proprioception and contact sensors are needed to report robot state without altering actuation mechanics or introducing bulky, rigid components. For bioinspired McKibben-style fluidic actuators, prior work in sensing has focused on sensing the strain of the actuator by embedding sensors in the actuator bladder during fabrication, or by adhering sensors to the actuator surface after fabrication. However, material property mismatches between sensors and actuators can impede actuator performance, and many soft sensors available for use with fluidic actuators rely on costly or labor-intensive fabrication methods. Here, we demonstrate a low-cost and easy-to manufacture-tubular liquid metal strain sensor for use with soft actuators that can be used to detect actuator strain and contact between the actuator and external objects. The sensor is flexible, can be fabricated with commercial-off-the-shelf components, and can be easily integrated with existing soft actuators to supplement sensing, regardless of actuator shape or size. Furthermore, the soft tubular strain sensor exhibits low hysteresis and high sensitivity. The approach presented in this work provides a low-cost, soft sensing solution for broad application in soft robotics. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023.

关键词： Actuators

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

An Economically Comparative Study of 12 MWp PV Floating and PV on-Ground Solar Farms in an Industrial Estate in Thailand 2

An Economically Comparative Study of 12 MWp PV Floating and ...

引用

2nd International Conference on Power and Renewable Energy engineering, PREE 2024

作者： Bamrungsawat, Worajak Khaigunha, Pattarabordee Suksri, Amnart Wongwuttanasatian, Tanakorn Khon Kaen University Energy Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand Nakhon Phanom University Faculty of Engineering Department of Computer Engineering Nakhon Phanom 48000 Thailand Khon Kaen University Facuty of Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand Khon Kaen University Faculty of Engineering Department of Mechanical Engineering Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9798350366808

This study focuses on the economic comparison between 12 MWp PV floating and PV on-ground solar farms in an industrial estate in Thailand. The objective is to evaluate the economic feasibility and electricity-produced efficiency of both systems. This study uses models for both power generation systems and collects data on investment and operational costs over a 20-year project lifespan, using a discount rate of 10% and a Time of Use (TOU) electricity rate for medium-sized businesses with a voltage of 22-33 kV, where the peak period rate is 0.113 USD/kWh and the off-peak period rate is 0.07 USD/kWh [1]. The evaluation uses indicators such as NPV, IRR, Payback Period, B/C Ratio, and sensitivity analysis under two scenarios: 1) the investment cost changes by ±5%, while 2) the electricity selling price changes by ±5% every 5 years during peak periods. The study found that the initial investment for PV floating power plants is 8.77 million USD, while PV on-ground power plants require an initial investment of 9.36 million USD. Economic evaluation reveals that PV floating has an NPV of 1.25 million USD > 0, an IRR of 12% > 10%, a payback period of 7.07 years, and a B/C ratio of 1.14 > 1, whereas PV on-ground has an NPV of 0.36 million USD > 0, an IRR of 11%, a payback period of 7.83 years, and a B/C ratio of 1.04> 1. When conducting sensitivity analysis under both scenarios, PV floating meets all criteria, whereas PV on-ground fails to meet the criteria when variables causing a decrease in net profit are applied. As a result, the study concludes that PV floating solar farms are more economically viable than PV on-ground solar farms in Thailand's industrial estates. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Comparative Economic Industrial estate PV floating PV on ground Solar farm

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Quantitative Thrombogenesis Analysis in an In-vitro Microfluidic Chip Using Image Analysis and CFD 9th

Quantitative Thrombogenesis Analysis in an In-vitro Microflu...

引用

9th International Conference on the Development of biomedical engineering in Vietnam, BME 2022

作者： Choi, Ji-Seob Ham, Dong-Hwi Kim, Jung-Hyun Jeong, Pyeong-Ho Marcial, Helem Betsua Flores Choi, Jin-Ho Park, Woo-Tae Department of Mechanical Engineering Seoul National University of Science and Technology Seoul01811 Korea Republic of Convergence Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Biomaterials Seoul National University of Science and Technology Seoul01811 Korea Republic of Samsung Medical Center Seoul06351 Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9783031446290

A thrombus is a blood coagulated by external stimuli. Excessive thrombi are dangerous because they have some potential to block blood vessels. The formation of a thrombus is closely related to the wall shear rate (WSR), and studies on this relationship have been investigated worldwide. In this paper, the thrombus formation process as a function of WSR was observed and analyzed using an in-vitro microfluidic chip. In order to locally realize a high WSR, a stenosis section in which the diameter of the channel becomes narrow was designed. The channel with the stenosis section was fabricated with a microfluidic chip made of transparent polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) material through the thermal expansion method. A blood experiment was conducted to flow whole blood into a microfluidic chip constantly. It was recorded in real-time through a portable microscope. Through the image analysis method presented in this paper, the thrombus formation process was visualized without using fluorescent material, and the thrombus area was quantitatively calculated. In this process, it was observed that the thrombus was formed over three stages: lag time (adhesion of thrombus to the wall), aggregation (thrombus growth), and occlusion (blockage of a channel by the thrombus). In addition, computational fluid dynamics was performed to predict the location of thrombus formation. The volume fraction of plasma was simulated using a two-phase model, assuming that blood is a mixture of red blood cells and plasma. After the stenosis, it was confirmed that the volume fraction of plasma increased as it approached the channel wall. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG. 2024.

关键词： Microfluidic chips

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Machine learning-guided accelerated discovery of structure-property correlations in lean magnesium alloys for biomedical applications

引用

Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2267-2283页

作者： Sreenivas Raguraman Maitreyee Sharma Priyadarshini Tram Nguyen Ryan McGovern Andrew Kim Adam J.Griebel Paulette Clancy Timothy P.Weihs Department of Materials Science and Engineering Johns Hopkins University3400 N Charles StBaltimore21218MDU.S.A Hopkins Extreme Materials Institute Johns Hopkins University3400 N Charles StBaltimore21218MDU.S.A Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Johns Hopkins University3400 N Charles StBaltimore21218MDU.S.A Translational Tissue Engineering Center Johns Hopkins School of Medicine400 N BroadwayBaltimore21231MDU.S.A Department of Biomedical Engineering Johns Hopkins University3400 N Charles StBaltimore21218MDU.S.A Research and Development Fort Wayne Metals Research ProductsLLC9609 Ardmore AveFort Wayne46809INU.S.A Department of Mechanical Engineering Johns Hopkins University3400 N Charles StBaltimore21218MDU.S.A

Magnesium alloys are emerging as promising alternatives to traditional orthopedic implant materials thanks to their biodegradability,biocompatibility,and impressive mechanical ***,their rapid in-vivo degradation presents challenges,notably in upholding mechanical integrity over *** study investigates the impact of high-temperature thermal processing on the mechanical and degradation attributes of a lean Mg-Zn-Ca-Mn alloy,*** rapid,cost-efficient characterization methods like X-ray diffraction and optical microscopy,we swiftly examine microstructural changes post-thermal *** Pearson correlation coefficient analysis,we unveil the relationship between microstructural properties and critical targets(properties):hardness and corrosion ***,leveraging the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO),we pinpoint the dominant microstructural factors among closely correlated *** findings underscore the significant role of grain size refinement in strengthening and the predominance of the ternary Ca_(2)Mg_(6)Zn_(3)phase in corrosion *** suggests that achieving an optimal blend of strength and corrosion resistance is attainable through fine grains and reduced concentration of ternary *** thorough investigation furnishes valuable insights into the intricate interplay of processing,structure,and properties in magnesium alloys,thereby advancing the development of superior biodegradable implant materials.

关键词： Magnesium alloys Machine learning Corrosion mechanical properties Rapid characterization

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Bioceramic-mediated chondrocyte hypertrophy promotes calcified cartilage formation for rabbit osteochondral defect repair

引用

Bioactive Materials 2024年第10期40卷 306-317页

作者： Rachel H.Koh Junhee Kim Jeong-Uk Kim Seunghyun L.Kim Arun Kumar Rajendran Seunghun SLee Heesoo Lee Joo Hyun Kim Ji Hoon Jeong Yongsung Hwang Jong Woo Bae Nathaniel S.Hwang School of Chemical and Biological Engineering Institute of Chemical ProcessesSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826South Korea Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul08826South Korea Department of Biomedical Engineering Dongguk UniversitySeoul10326South Korea Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science(SIMS) Soonchunhyang UniversityCheonan31151South Korea Department of Integrated Biomedical Science Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan31538South Korea Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Konkuk University Chungju HospitalKonkuk University School of MedicineChungju27376South Korea BioMAX Institute Seoul National UniversitySeoul08826South Korea

Osteochondral tissue is a highly specialized and complex tissue composed of articular cartilage and subchondral bone that are separated by a calcified cartilage *** or gradient scaffolds,often in conjunction with stem cells and growth factors,have been developed to mimic the respective layers for osteochondral defect *** this study,we designed a hyaline cartilage-hypertrophic cartilage bilayer graft(RGD/RGDW)with ***,we demonstrated that RGD peptide-modified chondroitin sulfate cryogel(RGD group)is chondro-conductive and capable of hyaline cartilage ***,we incorporated whitlockite(WH),a Mg^(2+)-containing calcium phosphate,into RGD cryogel(RGDW group)to induce chondrocyte hypertrophy and form collagen X-rich hypertrophic *** is the first study to use WH to produce hypertrophic ***-laden RGDW cryogel exhibited significantly upregulated expression of hypertrophy markers in vitro and formed ectopic hypertrophic cartilage in vivo,which mineralized into calcified cartilage in bone ***,RGD cryogel and RGDW cryogel were combined into bilayer(RGD/RGDW group)and implanted into rabbit osteochondral defect,where RGD layer supports hyaline cartilage regeneration and bioceramic-containing RGDW layer promotes calcified cartilage *** the RGD group(monolayer)formed hyaline-like neotissue that extends into the subchondral bone,the RGD/RGDW group(bilayer)regenerated hyaline cartilage tissue confined to its respective layer and promoted osseointegration for integrative defect repair.

关键词： Bioceramic Whitlockite Bilayer scaffold Chondrocyte hypertrophy Osteochondral defect repair

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Mechano-responsive hydrogel for direct stem cell manufacturing to therapy

引用

Bioactive Materials 2023年第6期24卷 387-400页

作者： Yufeng Shou Ling Liu Qimin Liu Zhicheng Le Khang Leng Lee Hua Li Xianlei Li Dion Zhanyun Koh Yuwen Wang Tong Ming Liu Zheng Yang Chwee Teck Lim Christine Cheung Andy Tay Department of Biomedical Engineering National University of Singapore117583Singapore Institute for Health Innovation&Technology National University of Singapore117599Singapore School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Wuhan University of Technology430070WuhanChina NUS Tissue Engineering Program National University of Singapore117510Singapore Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine Nanyang Technological University636921Singapore School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological University639798Singapore Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)138648Singapore Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of Singapore119288Singapore Mechanobiology Institute National University of Singapore117411Singapore

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell(MSC)is one of the most actively studied cell types due to its regenerative potential and immunomodulatory *** cell expansion methods using 2D tissue culture plates and 2.5D microcarriers in bioreactors can generate large cell numbers,but they compromise stem cell potency and lack mechanical preconditioning to prepare MSC for physiological loading expected in *** overcome these challenges,in this work,we describe a 3D dynamic hydrogel using magneto-stimulation for direct MSC manufacturing to *** our technology,we found that dynamic mechanical stimulation(DMS)enhanced matrix-integrinβ1 interactions which induced MSCs spreading and *** addition,DMS could modulate MSC biofunctions including directing MSC differentiation into specific lineages and boosting paracrine activities(e.g.,growth factor secretion)through YAP nuclear localization and FAK-ERK *** our magnetic hydrogel,complex procedures from MSC manufacturing to final clinical use,can be integrated into one single platform,and we believe this‘all-in-one’technology could offer a paradigm shift to existing standards in MSC therapy.

关键词： Mesenchymal stem cell Dynamic mechanical stimulation Magnetic hydrogel Stem cell manufacturing Cell therapy

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Functional Peptide-Loaded Gelatin Nanoparticles as Eyedrops for Cornea Neovascularization Treatment

引用

International Journal of Nanomedicine 2023年 18卷 1413-1431页

作者： Chu, Ya-Chun Fang, Hsu-Wei Wu, Yu-Yi Tang, Yu-Jun Hsieh, Erh-Hsuan She, Yizhou Chang, Che-Yi Lin, I-Chan Chen, Yin-Ju Liu, Guei-Sheung Tseng, Ching-Li Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei City Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology National Taipei University of Technology Taipei City Taiwan Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine National Health Research Institutes Miaoli County Taiwan School of Biomedical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei City Taiwan Department of Ophthalmology Wan Fang Hospital Taipei Medical University Taipei City Taiwan Department of Ophthalmology School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei City Taiwan Department of Radiation Oncology Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei City Taiwan International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei City Taiwan Center for Precision Medicine and Translational Cancer Research Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei City Taiwan Centre for Eye Research Australia Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital East Melbourne VIC Australia Ophthalmology Department of Surgery University of Melbourne East Melbourne VIC Australia Menzies Institute for Medical Research University of Tasmania Hobart TAS Australia Research Center of Biomedical Device College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei City Taiwan

Background: Corneal neovascularization (NV) is a process of abnormal vessel growth into the transparent cornea from the limbus and can disturb the light passing through the cornea, resulting in vision loss or even blindness. The use of nanomedicine as an effective therapeutic formulation in ophthalmology has led to higher drug bioavailability and a slow drug release rate. In this research, we designed and explored the feasibility of a new nanomedicine, gp91 ds-tat (gp91) peptide-encapsulated gelatin nanoparticles (GNP-gp91), for inhibiting corneal angiogenesis. Methods: GNP-gp91 were prepared by a two-step desolvation method. The characterization and cytocompatibility of GNP-gp91 were analyzed. The inhibition effect of GNP-gp91 on HUVEC cell migration and tube formation was observed by an inverted microscope. The drug retention test in mouse cornea was observed by in vivo imaging system, fluorescence microscope, and DAPI/TAMRA staining. Finally, the therapeutic efficacy and evaluation of neovascularization-related factors were conducted through the in vivo corneal NV mice model via topical delivery. Results: The prepared GNP-gp91 had a nano-scale diameter (550.6 nm) with positive charge (21.7 mV) slow-release behavior (25%, 240hr). In vitro test revealed that GNP-gp91 enhanced the inhibition of cell migration and tube formation capacity via higher internalization of HUVEC. Topical administration (eyedrops) of the GNP-gp91 significantly prolongs the retention time (46%, 20 min) in the mouse cornea. In chemically burned corneal neovascularization models, corneal vessel area with a significant reduction in GNP-gp91 group (7.89%) was revealed when compared with PBS (33.99%) and gp91 (19.67%) treated groups via every two days dosing. Moreover, GNP-gp91 significantly reduced the concentration of Nox2, VEGF and MMP9 in NV’s cornea. Conclusion: The nanomedicine, GNP-gp91, was successfully synthesized for ophthalmological application. These data suggest that GNP-gp91 contain

关键词： control release corneal neovascularization eye drops gelatin gp91 peptide nanoparticles ocular retention

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：