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Data-Driven Depiction of Aging Related Physiological Volume Shrinkage in Brain White Matter: An Image Processing Based Three-Dimensional Micromechanical Model

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Journal of engineering and Science in Medical Diagnostics and Therapy 2025年第4期8卷 041104页

作者： Agarwal, Mohit Georgiadis, John Pelegri, Assimina A. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Rutgers The State University of New Jersey PiscatawayNJ08854 United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Illinois Institute of Technology ChicagoIL60616 United States

Aging in the human brain, both in healthy and pathological conditions, leads to significant microstructural alterations, resulting in cognitive decline, with cerebral atrophy being a major contributing factor. This atrophy, characterized by the loss of neurons and glial cells, plays a crucial role in the reduction of brain function. While magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) provide noninvasive tools to measure brain morphology (volume changes) and regional mechanical properties (tissue stiffness) at the millimeter scale, they are unable to capture cellular-level or micron-scale changes in brain tissue. The challenge is in correlating the mechanical property changes observed at the millimeter scale with the underlying cellular-level micro-architectural alterations. To address this limitation, an ensemble of three-dimensional micromechanical finite element (FE) models was developed, utilizing MRI/MRE data to compute the mechanics of the aging brain with a higher level of detail. Using image processing techniques in Python's NIBABEL library, a mathematical model was constructed to quantify volume fraction (VF) shrinkage in brain white matter (BWM). These models incorporate uniaxial tensile loading and simulate the interactions between axons, myelin, and the glial matrix. Among the three finite element models compared, model type III, which includes both volume fraction changes and shear modulus degeneration, showed a high-order age-related atrophy and brain softening. This approach emphasizes the significant role of computational mechanics in linking macroscopic MRI measurements to cellular-scale changes, enhancing our understanding of brain tissue degeneration. Copyright © 2025 by ASME;reuse license CC-BY 4.0.

关键词： Tissue

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Radiopaque FeMnN-Mo composite drawn filled tubing wires for braided absorbable neurovascular devices

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Bioactive Materials 2024年第10期40卷 74-87页

作者： Adam J.Griebel Petra Maier Henry Summers Benjamin Clausius Isabella Kanasty Weilue He Nicholas Peterson Carolyn Czerniak Alexander A.Oliver David F.Kallmes Ramanathan Kadirvel Jeremy E.Schaffer Roger J.GuilloryⅡ Fort Wayne Metals Fort WayneINUSA School of Mechanical Engineering Stralsund University of Applied SciencesStralsundDEUSA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Michigan Technological UniversityUSA Department of Biomedical Engineering Michigan Technological UniversityUSA Department of Biological Sciences Michigan Technological UniversityUSA Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering Medical College of WisconsinMarquette UniversityUSA Department of Radiology Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA Department of Neurosurgery Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA

Flow diverter devices are small stents used to divert blood flow away from aneurysms in the brain,stagnating flow and inducing intra-aneurysmal thrombosis which in time will prevent aneurysm *** devices are formed from thin(~25μm)wires which will remain in place long after the aneurysm has been *** their continued presence could lead to secondary complications,an absorbable flow diverter which dissolves into the body after aneurysm occlusion is *** absorbable metals investigated to date struggle to achieve the necessary combination of strength,elasticity,corrosion rate,fragmentation resistance,radiopacity,and *** work proposes and investigates a new composite wire concept combining absorbable iron alloy(FeMnN)shells with one or more pure molybdenum(Mo)*** wire configurations are produced and drawn to 25–250μm *** testing revealed high and tunable mechanical properties on par with existing flow diverter *** vitro degradation testing of 100μm wire in DMEM to 7 days indicated progressive corrosion and cracking of the FeMnN shell but not of the Mo,confirming the cathodic protection of the Mo by the FeMnN and thus mitigation of premature fragmentation *** vivo implantation and subsequentμCT of the same wires in mouse aortas to 6 months showed meaningful corrosion had begun in the FeMnN shell but not yet in the Mo filament *** total,these results indicate that these composites may offer an ideal combination of properties for absorbable flow diverters.

关键词： corrosion composite filled

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Numerical Simulation Co-Firing Of EFB And LRC Injected At Different Burner Levels In Tangential Combustion-Type Pulverized Boilers 10

Numerical Simulation Co-Firing Of EFB And LRC Injected At Di...

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10th International Conference on Smart Computing and Communication, ICSCC 2024

作者： Agus Adi Saputra, I Nyoman Prabowo Setiyawan, Atok Bagus Wijaya Kusuma, I Gusti Ihsan, Sobar Darmawan, Arif Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Doctoral Program of Mechanical Engineering Department Surabaya Indonesia Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Mechanical Engineering Department Surabaya Indonesia Udayana university Mechanical Engineering Department Indonesia Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350363104

The exploration of biomass fuels is crucial for enhancing the economic value of solid waste from palm oil and mitigating the environmental impact of greenhouse gases emitted by power plants. This study conducted a numerical analysis on a pulverized coal (PC) boiler with co-firing at various burner positions. The numerical simulation results indicate that co-firing with empty fruit bunch (EFB) can enhance the ignition characteristics of Low Rank Coal (LRC). shown in the FEGT area an average increase in temperature of 0.2-0.45%. However, it should be noted that this temperature value is still within safe limits because it does not cause overheating of the heater. Furthermore, the formation of unburned particles can be reduced through the distribution of CO2. Additionally, the co-firing case 2 exhibits low NOx emissions, with a decrease rate of 24.6% when burner B is set at a condition of 1,63E-07. This condition is considered the most ideal as it is also accompanied by a significant reduction in SO2 emissions, ranging from 21.82% to 24.7%. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Coal

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Evaluation of corrosion resistance, mechanical integrity loss and biocompatibility of PCL/HA/TiO_(2) hybrid coated biodegradable ZM21 Mg alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第11期10卷 3179-3204页

作者： Navdeep Singh Uma Batra Kamal Kumar Anil Mahapatro Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Punjab Engineering CollegeChandigarh 160012India Department of Mechanical Engineering Punjab Engineering CollegeChandigarh 160012India Department of Biomedical Engineering Wichita State UniversityWichitaKS 67260United States

A novel PCL/HA/TiO_(2)hybrid coating on ZM21 Mg alloy substrate has been investigated for corrosion resistance, biocompatibility and mechanical integrity loss in terms of bending, compressive and tensile strength in physiological media. The prepared hybrid coating was dip coated over ZM21 from HA/TiO_(2)and PCL solutions followed by creating a microporous PCL layer by utilizing Non-solvent Induced Phase Separation(NIPS) technique. The electrochemical measurement and in-vitro degradation study in SBF after 28 days showed that the PCL/HA/TiO_(2) hybrid coating reduced H2 evolution rate, weight loss, and corrosion rate by 64, 116 and 118 times respectively, as compared to uncoated ZM21 samples. The surface studies carried out using SEM-EDX, FTIR and XRD revealed formation of highly stable 3d flower-like HA crystals with Ca/P ratio of 1.60 in the PCL micropores. This dense apatite growth effectively protected the PCL/HA/TiO_(2)hybrid coated samples to maintain the good mechanical integrity even after 28 days of immersion as compared to HA/TiO_(2)composite coated, As-polished(A/P) and As-machined(A/M) samples. The failure analysis of samples under mechanical loading were performed using *** in-vitro cellular viability of L929 fibroblast cells on PCL/HA/TiO_(2)hybrid coating was found 50.47% higher with respect to control group,whereas bacterial viability was supressed by 57.15 and 62.35% against gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and gram-negative Escherichia coli bacterial models. The comprehensive assessment indicates PCL/HA/TiO_(2)hybrid coating as a suitable candidate to delay early degradation and mechanical integrity loss of Mg-based alloys for devising biodegradable orthopaedic implant.

关键词： Magnesium alloy Surface modification Hybrid coating mechanical integrity loss Degradation rate Biocompatibility

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Business Process Models in Small and Medium Manufacturing Industries: An Overview

Business Process Models in Small and Medium Manufacturing In...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Industrial engineering and engineering Management, IEEM 2024

作者： Fathoni, Muhammad Zainuddin Asih, Anna Maria Sri Wibisono, Muhammad Arif Industrial Engineering Program Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia Industrial Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering Universitas Muhammadiyah Gresik Gresik Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386097

Business process management has become a critical focus for many manufacturing industries. The function of business process management is to achieve organizational goals through the improvement, management, and control of business processes. A crucial step for companies in visualizing, analyzing, and optimizing workflows is business process modeling. Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN) is a tool widely used to visualize business process flows. This study employs a qualitative approach, using interviews conducted with seven small and medium-sized industries (SMIs). Important findings identified in SMI, in the recording process, both upstream and downstream processes, are still carried out manually, this is related to the potential for implementing enterprise resource planning (ERP). Regarding the processes on the production floor, in addition to paying little attention to implementing record-keeping systems, SMIs also tend to neglect forecasting methods, warehouse management, and the use of material handling. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Records management

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Adoption of Open-Source Enterprise Resource Planning in Small and Medium Industries: A Literature Review

Adoption of Open-Source Enterprise Resource Planning in Smal...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Industrial engineering and engineering Management, IEEM 2024

作者： Fathoni, Muhammad Zainuddin Sri Asih, Anna Maria Wibisono, Muhammad Arif Industrial Engineering Program Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia Industrial Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering Universitas Muhammadiyah Gresik Gresik Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386097

Small and Medium-Scale Industries (SMIs) play a significantly important role in the nation's economy. The adoption of current technology is necessary for SMIs to remain agile amidst industrial changes or challenges. However, they often face limitations in utilizing technology, particularly information technology, in their business processes. One popular integrated information system is the Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system, which connects various business units within an organization into a single integrated system. The implementation of ERP systems in small and medium-scale industries is necessary to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of their business processes. In this paper, we conduct a systematic review of the literature discussing the adoption of open-source ERP systems in SMIs. The conclusion drawn is that ERP implementation in SMIs occurs across various sectors, including services, trading, and manufacturing. Developing open-source ERP systems poses substantial challenges for SMIs. This literature review investigates trends in ERP implementation for SMIs, highlighting current research directions and uncovering new insights and opportunities that can inform future studies. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Adoption ERP Open-Source SMIs Systematic Literature Review

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Load Response of SOFC Triple Combined Cycle with Green Hydrogen Generation and Utilization Installed in Core Substations

Load Response of SOFC Triple Combined Cycle with Green Hydro...

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2023 International Conference on Power and Renewable Energy engineering, PREE 2023

作者： Budiawan, Shafirah Khairina Obara, Shin'ya Kitami Institute of Engineering Department of Engineering Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Program Kitami Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350321906

A SOFC triple combined cycle power generation, consisting of a solid oxide fuel cell and gas turbine combined cycle is revealed to give efficiency improvement while reducing the amount of emissions in power generation. It comes from the fact that the exhaust heat generated from a cycle is further utilized for power generation in the next cycle. Studies concerning its designs and optimizations have been investigated, including the characteristics of the system. This study investigates the load following the response of a hydrogen-fueled triple combined cycle, where both the fuel cell and gas steam turbine run on hydrogen fuel. The hydrogen fuel consumed will be provided by a hydrogen generation system of a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer (PEMEC). The generated hydrogen is then stored in a hydrogen tank until further use. The Hydrogen generation triple combined cycle system is interconnected with a substation of renewable energy. Surplus electricity from renewables will be directed to power the electrolyzer. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Gas turbines

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Self-consistent Clustering Analysis-Based Moving Morphable Component(SMMC)Method for Multiscale Topology Optimization

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2023年第6期36卷 884-898页

作者： Yangfan Li Jiachen Guo Hengyang Li Huihan Chen Department of Mechanical Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Program Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA Department of Engineering Mechanics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Current multiscale topology optimization restricts the solution space by enforcing the use of a few repetitive microstructures that are predetermined,and thus lack the ability for structural concerns like buckling strength,robustness,and ***,in this paper,a new multiscale concurrent topology optimization design,referred to as the self-consistent analysis-based moving morphable component(SMMC)method,is *** with the conventional moving morphable component method,the proposed method seeks to optimize both material and structure simultaneously by explicitly designing both macrostructure and representative volume element(RVE)-level *** examples with transducer design requirements are provided to demonstrate the superiority of the SMMC method in comparison to traditional *** proposed method has broad impact in areas of integrated industrial manufacturing design:to solve for the optimized macro and microstructures under the objective function and constraints,to calculate the structural response efficiently using a reduced-order model:self-consistent analysis,and to link the SMMC method to manufacturing(industrial manufacturing or additive manufacturing)based on the design requirements and application areas.

关键词： Topology optimization Moving morphable component method Multiscale concurrent design Reduced-order model

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Aerothermal Testing in a Pulsed Arc-Jet Tunnel with Laser Pre-Heating

Aerothermal Testing in a Pulsed Arc-Jet Tunnel with Laser Pr...

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AIAA Science and Technology Forum and Exposition, AIAA SciTech Forum 2025

作者： Isaacs, Christian Trotsky, Mitchell Thompson, Tyler Samuels, Killian Dove, Drew Kihm, Kenneth Baccarella, Damiano Mechanical Aerospace and Biomedical Engineering Department University of Tennessee KnoxvilleTN37996 United States

ISBN: (数字)9781624107238

ISBN: (纸本)9781624107238

A novel and cost-effective experimental setup for high-temperature material testing and gas-surface interaction characterization is presented. A 3-kW radiative heating laser has been installed and paired with the 500-kW pulsed arcjet tunnel of the University of Tennessee, Knoxville. The Tennessee High Enthalpy Tunnel (TennHET) is a high-enthalpy Mach 6 facility with typical test times of 500 ms. The tunnel is primarily used for fundamental high-temperature gas dynamics research but also for investigating thermal protection materials for hypersonics. The short test time of the facility drastically reduces operating costs, but does not allow the achievement of realistic temperatures at the surface of the material samples or observation of gas-surface interaction phenomena expected in flight. To remove this limitation, a 3-kW heating laser was added to the facility to preheat the material samples before being exposed to the high-enthalpy plasma flow. In this work, a detailed characterization of the beam power and profile was performed, finding a maximum output power of ~2.6 kW at the sample surface. Graphite was chosen as the material for the preliminary testing campaign due to its low cost, good machinability, and abundance of data available in the open literature. Surface temperatures of 700, 900 and 1100◦C were selected as targets for laser preheating in these tests. Infrared pyrometry and thermography were used to monitor the surface temperature of the samples, whereas gas-surface interaction effects were investigated by collecting emission spectra from the surface. © 2025, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Inc, AIAA. All rights reserved.

关键词： Enthalpy

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Upgrade of the University of Tennessee Arcjet Tunnel to Quasi-continuous Operation: Preliminary Design

Upgrade of the University of Tennessee Arcjet Tunnel to Quas...

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AIAA Science and Technology Forum and Exposition, AIAA SciTech Forum 2025

作者： Baccarella, Damiano Samuels, Killian E. Isaacs, Christian T. Trotsky, Mitchell A. Mechanical Aerospace and Biomedical Engineering Department University of Tennessee KnoxvilleTN37996 United States

ISBN: (数字)9781624107238

ISBN: (纸本)9781624107238

The University of Tennessee’s 500-kW pulsed arcjet tunnel is being upgraded to a quasicontinuous flow hypersonic facility for aerothermal testing, characterization of advanced high-temperature materials, and fundamental aerothermodynamic research. The upgraded facility will extend the current test duration by providing active cooling to tunnel components and ensuring sufficient exhaust velocity for the process gas. Additionally, the nominal maximum power will be increased to 1 MW with the installation of a new DC power supply. The facility will be capable of testing material samples and other specimens up to 2 inches in diameter under realistic hypersonic flight conditions for several minutes. This paper outlines the expected performance based on the constraints imposed by the facility’s new infrastructure and discusses the design methodologies for key tunnel components, such as the arc heater and diffuser. The paper concludes with a discussion of the remaining limitations on test duration. © 2025, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Inc, AIAA. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hypersonic vehicles

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