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46th Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBC 2024

作者： Hong, Yoon No Gregory Kim, Kyoungsoon Deshpande, Ashish D. Roh, Jinsook University of Houston Department of Biomedical Engineering HoustonTX United States University of Texas at Austin Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering AustinTX United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371499

Evaluating upper extremity (UE) motor impairment post-stroke commonly relies on established clinical assessments, which suffer from inherent subjectivity due to human visual inspection. The sensing capabilities of robotics can facilitate the objective assessment of motor impairment. The robotic device needs to not only precisely measure movement characteristics but also minimally interfere with natural movement to assess motor impairment effectively. However, the effect of wearing an exoskeleton on the performance of motor impairment assessment tasks has yet to be evaluated. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate whether the joint kinematics recorded during Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) tasks performance are comparable between two conditions: 1) while wearing the exoskeleton and 2) without wearing the exoskeleton. Six healthy participants performed six single-degree-of-freedom sub-tasks of the upper extremity subscale of the Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA-UE), one of the standardized clinical assessments. We estimated joint angle trajectories in both conditions using the exoskeleton and a motion capture system, respectively. The coefficient of multiple correlation (CMC) was used to evaluate the similarity of joint kinematic trajectories between the two conditions. The range of motion (RoM) between the two conditions was also compared. The calculated CMC indicated a good-to-excellent level of agreement across all tasks between the wearing and non-wearing conditions (CMC > 0.90). The RoMs of all tasks in the two conditions except for shoulder flexion to 180° were not significantly different (p > 0.05). These results revealed the minimal effect of wearing the exoskeleton on joint kinematics during FMA subtask performance. In addition, these results imply that each exoskeleton segment was well-aligned and attached to the corresponding anatomical body segment within the exoskeleton measurement system. Overall, we conclude that the HARMONY exoskeleton can be a feasible measurement

关键词： Exoskeleton (Robotics)

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Ground Reaction Forces and Moments in Stroke Survivors: Experimental versus AnyBody Model Predictions 46

Ground Reaction Forces and Moments in Stroke Survivors: Expe...

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46th Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBC 2024

作者： Hulleck, Abdul Aziz Vaqar Abdullah, Muhammed Hamed, Farah Katmah, Rateb Khalaf, Kinda El Rich, Marwan Khalifa University Department of Mechanical Engineering Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Khalifa University Department of Biomedical Engineering Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371499

Multibody dynamics models and simulations offer an efficient alternative to traditional methods, such as force plates, pressure sensing mats, and instrumented treadmills, for computing ground reaction forces (GRF) and moments (GRM), valuable in the quantification of the gait of neurological patients. Accurate determination of GRF and GRM magnitudes, with a specific focus on the disruptive shear components affecting gait, is essential for post-stroke gait assessment and rehabilitation. This study explored the predictive capability of musculoskeletal models equipped with foot contact elements, by comparing them with experimental data from a published dataset. The results yielded peak normalized Root Mean Square Errors (n-RMSE) of 0.51±0.31% and 0.46±0.28% for mediolateral shear components, 0.4±0.13% and 0.35±0.16% for anteroposterior shear components, and 0.34±0.16% and 0.32±0.12% for compressive components of GRF for the right and left foot respectively. For GRM, nRMSE peaks in the sagittal plane were 4.72±3.55%, followed by 2.51±2% in the frontal plane, and 2±1.44% in the transverse plane for the right foot. On the left side, nRMSE peaks were 3.73±3.12% in sagittal plane, 2.75±2.7% in frontal plane, and 2.65±2% in the transverse plane. This study underscores the potential of musculoskeletal modeling and simulation software, such as AnyBody, as a time and cost-effective alternative for evaluating the biomechanics of stroke survivors. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Musculoskeletal system

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Efficient Single-Cell Analysis through a Cost-Effective Droplet Microfluidic System

Efficient Single-Cell Analysis through a Cost-Effective Drop...

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CLEO: Applications and Technology in CLEO 2024, CLEO: A and T 2024 - Part of Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

作者： Wei, Yuanyuan Abbasi, Syeda Aimen Lin, Meiai Tan, Liwei Luo, Shanhang Ma, Yuankai Liu, Shiyue Ho, Yi-Ping Ho, Ho-Pui Yuan, Wu Department of Biomedical Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin Hong Kong Department of Biomedical Engineering Shantou University Shantou China Department of Electronic Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing China Department of Biomedical Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Department Mechanical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing China Centre for Craniofacial & Regenerative Biology King's College London England United Kingdom

In this study, we introduce a cost-effective and high-throughput microfluidic system capable of generating uniform droplet reactors and conducting real-time analysis of single-cell morphology and apoptosis. This system holds great promise in the fields of biological research and personalized disease treatment. © Optica Publishing Group 2024, © 2024 The Author(s)

关键词： Microfluidics

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Performance analysis on mechanical and machinability attributes of Al6061-B4C-T6 composites processed via hot extrusion

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Proceedings of the Institution of mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of engineering Manufacture 2024年第9期238卷 1386-1400页

作者： Tinga, Sibel Karakoç, Halil Yağmur, Selçuk Saravana Kumar, M. Şeker, Ulvi Çıtak, Ramazan Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Gazi University Ankara Turkey Department of Mechanical Program Hacettepe University Ankara Turkey Department of Manufacturing Engineering Gazi University Ankara Turkey Graduate Institute of Manufacturing Technology National Taipei University of Technology Taipei Taiwan

In this study, composite materials with Al6061 alloy matrix and B4C particles reinforcement were produced by hot extrusion process. Fabricated composites were examined for the mechanical and machinability attributes. Al6061 alloy powders (4C particles (4C (3%, 6%, and 9% by weight) of and then cold pressed under 200 MPa pressure. The cold pressed powder metal block was extruded hot after preheating at 550°C for 1 h. Further, the composites were subjected to T6 aging heat treatment after hot extrusion. Microstructure, density, hardness, tensile strength, and wear properties were examined. The effects of cutting speed and cutting force on the machinability were also investigated. In addition, surface roughness and chips formation were examined. High density (99.6%) values were achieved with the extrusion process. With increasing B4C particles ratio, the hardness and tensile values were increased which was substantiated by the fracture morphology of the tensile specimens. It has been observed that tool smearing was high in the machining of the low-reinforced (3% B4C) composite. The highest cutting force was measured as 236 N at a feed rate of 0.27 mm/rev and a cutting speed of 250 m/min. It has also been observed that the average surface roughness decreased with increasing cutting speed and it increased with increasing feed rate. © IMechE 2023.

关键词： Microstructure

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Impact of Environmental Conditions on the Remaining Useful Lifetime of SiC MOSFET

Impact of Environmental Conditions on the Remaining Useful L...

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2024 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE 2024

作者： Hasan, Md Zakir Amin, Ashik Moniruzzaman, Md Choi, Seungdeog Singh, Prashant Liu, Chun-Hung Mississippi State University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Starkville United States University of Tennessee Department of Mechanical Aerospace & Biomedical Engineering Knoxville United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350376067

Silicon carbide (SiC) power MOSFETs are widely applied to critical infrastructure in modern energy systems. Thus, accurately predicting its remaining useful lifetime (RUL) in real-world applications has become crucial. State-of-the-art explored its RUL through a power cycling test mostly considering constant environmental conditions (e.g., fixed temperature and humidity), which has resulted in considerable RUL prediction errors in real-world applications. This study directly integrates environmental factors into the RUL modeling to address this issue. Specifically, the junction temperature (Tj), on-state voltage (Vds,on), on-state resistance (Rds,on), and case temperature (TC) have been explored in various environmental conditions to understand their tight correlations with the RUL in the real world. Time series statistics models Autoregressive (AR) and Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) have been used to predict SiC MOSFET RUL to gain new insights systematically. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Power MOSFET

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Efficient Single-Cell Analysis through a Cost-Effective Droplet Microfluidic System

Efficient Single-Cell Analysis through a Cost-Effective Drop...

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2024 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2024

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171395

关键词： Microfluidics

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Intelligent Framework for Predicting Autism Syndrome Disorder (ASD) Based on Hormonal Biomarkers: A Fuzzy Logic Approach

Intelligent Framework for Predicting Autism Syndrome Disorde...

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2024 Advances in Science and engineering Technology International Conferences, ASET 2024

作者： Zalak, Tasnim Marwan Saqer Al Abdulla, Shamma Jaradat, Mohammad A. American University of Sharjah Department of Biomedical Engineering Sharjah United Arab Emirates American University of Sharjah Department of Mechanical Engineering Sharjah United Arab Emirates

ISBN: (纸本)9798350344134

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) presents diagnostic challenges due to its complex pathophysiology and diverse symptoms. Recent research has linked social impairments in autism to variations in certain plasma hormone concentrations. This study investigates four hormones (Serotonin, Oxytocin, Melatonin, and Vitamin D) as potential biomarkers for early ASD detection in newborns. The primary objective is to assess the severity of autism using an intelligent framework based on a fuzzy expert system. The system utilizes these hormonal biomarkers to predict ASD severity, with findings indicating that high levels of Serotonin and very low levels of Vitamin D and Melatonin significantly influence severity compared to Oxytocin. This study contributes a novel fuzzy logic-based approach to quantify ASD severity, offering a promising tool for early diagnosis and intervention. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Diseases

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Multi-Modal Sleep Stage Classification With Two-Stream Encoder-Decoder

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IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation engineering 2024年 32卷 2096-2105页

作者： Zhang, Zhao Lin, Bor-Shyh Peng, Chih-Wei Lin, Bor-Shing Wuyi University College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Fujian Wuyishan354300 China National Taipei University College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering New Taipei City237303 Taiwan Institute of Imaging and Biomedical Photonics National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Tainan71150 Taiwan Taipei Medical University School of Biomedical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering School of Gerontology and Long-Term Care College of Nursing Taipei11031 Taiwan National Taipei University Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering New Taipei City237303 Taiwan

Sleep staging serves as a fundamental assessment for sleep quality measurement and sleep disorder diagnosis. Although current deep learning approaches have successfully integrated multimodal sleep signals, enhancing the accuracy of automatic sleep staging, certain challenges remain, as follows: 1) optimizing the utilization of multi-modal information complementarity, 2) effectively extracting both long- and short-range temporal features of sleep information, and 3) addressing the class imbalance problem in sleep data. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a two-stream encode-decoder network, named TSEDSleepNet, which is inspired by the depth sensitive attention and automatic multi-modal fusion (DSA2F) framework. In TSEDSleepNet, a two-stream encoder is used to extract the multiscale features of electrooculogram (EOG) and electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. And a self-attention mechanism is utilized to fuse the multiscale features, generating multi-modal saliency features. Subsequently, the coarser-scale construction module (CSCM) is adopted to extract and construct multi-resolution features from the multiscale features and the salient features. Thereafter, a Transformer module is applied to capture both long- and short-range temporal features from the multi-resolution features. Finally, the long- and short-range temporal features are restored with low-layer details and mapped to the predicted classification results. Additionally, the Lovász loss function is applied to alleviate the class imbalance problem in sleep datasets. Our proposed method was tested on the Sleep-EDF-39 and Sleep-EDF-153 datasets, and it achieved classification accuracies of 88.9% and 85.2% and Macro-F1 scores of 84.8% and 79.7%, respectively, thus outperforming conventional traditional baseline models. These results highlight the efficacy of the proposed method in fusing multi-modal information. This method has potential for application as an adjunct tool for diagnosing sleep disorde

关键词： Sleep research

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Microstructural analysis of intergranular stress corrosion cracking in 5xxx series aluminum reinforced with a composite patch 9th

Microstructural analysis of intergranular stress corrosion c...

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9th International Conference on Marine Structures, MARSTRUCT 2023

作者： Ma, X. Termaath, S. Department of Mechanical Aerospace and Biomedical Engineering The University of Tennessee Knoxville United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781032506364

One proven repair method to extend the service life of sensitized 5xxx series aluminum marine structure is to adhesively bond a composite overlay onto the damaged metallic structure. Continuum mechanics methods are intrinsically deficient for describing multiple arbitrary crack paths making it prohibitive to use standard approaches when modeling the complex fragmentations where cracks interweave due to continuously varying degrees of sensitization in the metal structure. Therefore, a multi-scale formulation of solid mechanics using quantum mechanics and peridynamics for handling discontinuities is demonstrated to investigate the critical level of sensitization for rapid structural failure and to study the effectiveness of the composite overlay in reducing IGSCC propagation. Results show that there is a distinct degree of sensitization level over which rapid failure occurs and the composite patch repair becomes ineffective. © 2023 The Author(s).

关键词： Adhesives

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Deontological Ethics for Safe and Ethical Algorithms for Navigation of Autonomous Vehicles (C-NAV) on a Highway 9

Deontological Ethics for Safe and Ethical Algorithms for Nav...

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9th International Conference on Control, Decision and Information Technologies, CoDIT 2023

作者： Pickering, James D'Souza, Joshua Aston University Department of Mechanical Biomedical and Design Engineering Birmingham United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9798350311402

This research uses modelling and simulation tools to investigate safe and ethical autonomous vehicles (AVs) on the highway. Virtual boundaries around a AV are introduced for the safe and ethical navigation;namely, the three levels of unsafe, buffer and barrier. The three levels are used to develop driving rules for highway lane behaviour and lane changing. Considering the driving rules, Maxims based on Deontological ethics are applied. To test the driving rules, a modelling and simulation tool is used, with the AV modelled using a dynamic bicycle model and an adaptive model-predictive control (MPC) algorithm design. An initial scenario demonstrates the effectiveness of the approach. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Navigation

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