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Impact of bumpers position variation on heat exchanger performance: an experimental and predictive analysis using an artificial neural network

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Journal of engineering and Applied Science 2023年第1期70卷 6页

作者： Abdul Hussein, Sarmad A. Shbailat, Suhaib J. Mechanical Engineering Department Engineering College Baghdad University Baghdad Iraq Department of Biomedical Engineering Al-Esraa University College Baghdad Iraq

Experimentally and numerically, the thermal performance enhancement of counterflow twin-pipe heat exchanger with bumpers position variation was explored. A set of semicircular bumpers were positioned at varying distances from the fluid flow entrance on the annulus gap of the concentric pipe heat exchanger (10–70, 70–130, and 130–190 cm). The hot water entered the inner pipe at a constant mass flow rate of 0.0167 kg/s, whereas the cold air entered the annulus gap of a concentric pipe heat exchanger at changing mass flow rates of 2 × 10−5 to 14 × 10−5 kg/s. The numerical portion comprised simulating the efficacy of the heat exchanger with a smooth pipe and varied bumper placements using an artificial neural network (ANN) model. The experimental portion of the present work consisted of a series of tests to determine the optimal position of the bumpers for maximizing heat exchanger efficiency. At a constant fluid inlet temperature and with varied mass flow rates of the cold air, the numerical model was compared to the experimental results. When the bumpers are put at a distance of 130–190 cm, the heat exchanger has the highest thermal efficiency compared to other bumper placements and a smooth pipe. In all cases of the investigation, there is a good correlation between numerical and experimental data. © 2023, The Author(s).

关键词： Neural networks

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Templated synthesis of transition metal phosphide electrocatalysts for oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第2期89卷 646-669,I0014页

作者： Rose Anne Acedera Alicia Theresse Dumlao DJ Donn Matienzo Maricor Divinagracia Julie Anne del Rosario Paraggua Po-Ya Abel Chuang Joey Ocon Laboratory of Electrochemical Engineering(LEE) Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of the PhilippinesDilimanQuezon City 1101Philippines Mechanical Engineering University of CaliforniaMercedCA 95343USA Energy Engineering Program College of EngineeringUniversity of the PhilippinesDilimanQuezon City 1101Philippines

Transition metal phosphides(TMPs)have been regarded as alternative hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)catalysts owing to their comparable activity to those of noble metal-based *** have been produced in various morphologies,including hollow and porous nanostructures,which are features deemed desirable for electrocatalytic *** synthesis routes are often responsible for such *** paper reviews the latest advances and existing challenges in the synthesis of TMP-based OER and HER catalysts through templated methods.A comprehensive review of the structure-property-performance of TMP-based HER and OER catalysts prepared using different templates is *** discussion proceeds according to application,first by HER and further divided among the types of templates used-from hard templates,sacrificial templates,and soft templates to the emerging dynamic hydrogen bubble *** catalysts are then reviewed and grouped according to their ***,prospective research directions for the synthesis of hollow and porous TMP-based catalysts,such as improvements on both activity and stability of TMPs,design of environmentally benign templates and processes,and analysis of the reaction mechanism through advanced material characterization techniques and theoretical calculations,are suggested.

关键词： OER HER Transition metal phosphide Templated synthesis Electrocatalysts

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Fusing handcrafted and deep features for multi-class cardiac diagnostic decision support model based on heart sound signals

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Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing 2023年第3期14卷 2873-2885页

作者： Jabari, Mohammad Rezaee, Khosro Zakeri, Manizhe Faculty of Mechanical Engineering University of Tabriz Tabriz Iran Department of Biomedical Engineering Meybod University Meybod Iran

Among all causes of death, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading one. In the medical field, the phonocardiogram (PCG) signal is widely used due to its cost-effectiveness and simplicity. We propose a hybrid classification approach for automatically classifying different cardiac auscultation classes using a PCG signal using handcrafted and deep learned features. Firstly, the PCG signal is split into equal segments using the windowing procedure. The power spectrum of a signal is constructed using l-spectrograms and then the novel modified dilated ResNet structure generates the deep features from the spectrogram images. Simultaneously, handcrafted frequency domain features are extracted from correspond windowed signals. After features are extracted, radial basis function (RBF) kernel in support vector machines (SVM) is used to classify various patterns. Moreover, the optimized SVM is performed using a modified drone squadron optimization (mDSO) algorithm to prevent overfitting. The proposed approach is 94.16% accurate for Michigan Heart Sound and Murmur Database (MHSDB) and 99.38% accurate for PhysioNet/CinC 2016 Challenge. The introduced hybrid model is more computationally efficient and accurate than earlier state-of-the-art strategies, based on the evaluation measures. Using the designed model, underserved and diverse communities can implement automated cardiac screening systems. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

关键词： Support vector machines

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RGB Color-Discriminable Photonic Synapse for Neuromorphic Vision System

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第4期17卷 39-62页

作者： Bum Ho Jeong Jaewon Lee Miju Ku Jongmin Lee Dohyung Kim Seokhyun Ham Kyu-Tae Lee Young-Beom Kim Hui Joon Park Department of Organic and Nano Engineering&Human-Tech Convergence Program Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Korea Department of Semiconductor Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Korea Department of Physics Inha UniversityIncheon 22212Korea

To emulate the functionality of the human retina and achieve a neuromorphic visual system,the development of a photonic synapse capable of multispectral color discrimination is of paramount ***,attaining robust color discrimination across a wide intensity range,even irrespective of medium limitations in the channel layer,poses a significant ***,we propose an approach that can bestow the color-discriminating synaptic functionality upon a three-terminal transistor flash memory even with enhanced discriminating *** incorporating the strong induced dipole moment effect at the excitation,modulated by the wavelength of the incident light,into the floating gate,we achieve outstanding RGB color-discriminating synaptic functionality within a remarkable intensity range spanning from 0.05 to 40 mW cm^(-2).This approach is not restricted to a specific medium in the channel layer,thereby enhancing its *** effectiveness of this color-discriminating synaptic functionality is demonstrated through visual pre-processing of a photonic synapse array,involving the differentiation of RGB channels and the enhancement of image contrast with noise ***,a convolutional neural network can achieve an impressive inference accuracy of over 94%for Canadian-Institute-For-Advanced-Research-10 colorful image recognition task after the *** proposed approach offers a promising solution for achieving robust and versatile RGB color discrimination in photonic synapses,enabling significant advancements in artificial visual systems.

关键词： Organic field-effect transistor Photonic synapse Excited-state dipole moment RGB color discrimination Neuromorphic visual system

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An Electrochemical HbA1c Immunosensor With a Simple Electrode of Gold Nanoparticle Monolayer

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IEEE Sensors Journal 2023年第15期23卷 16579-16584页

作者： Tseng, Chun-Chiang Lin, Ying-Ting Wang, Gou-Jen National Chung-Hsing University Department of Mechanical Engineering Taichung40227 Taiwan National Chung-Hsing University Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Taichung40227 Taiwan National Chung-Hsing University Department of Mechanical Engineering The Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering Taichung40227 Taiwan

This study developed a novel electrochemical glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) immunosensor. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) was used as a substrate. After gold (Au) film sputtering on the PET surface, 1,6-hexanedithol with thiol groups on both terminals was used as an intermediary to attach a monolayer of uniformly distributed Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) to the Au thin film to form a nanostructured electrode. HbA1c antibodies were successfully immobilized on the AuNP monolayer via the self-assembled monolayer (SAM) approach. To mimic a real clinical detection environment, a calibration curve for HbA1c detection was performed in a mixture solution containing heparin sodium, red blood cell (RBC) lysis buffer, artificial human serum, and hemoglobin. The experimental results revealed that the proposed HbA1c immunosensor detected HbA1c in a linear range from 2500 to 10 000 ng/mL with a limit of detection of 2253 ng/mL. The developed HbA1c-sensing chip offers the advantages of simple operation, low cost, short detection time, and provides high feasibility for clinical application. © 2001-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Gold nanoparticles

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Soft,body conformable electronics for thermoregulation enabled by kirigami

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第4期7卷 453-462页

作者： Lung Chow Guangyao Zhao Pengcheng Wu Xingcan Huang Jiyu Li Jian Li Wanying Wang Guihuan Guo Zhiyuan Li Jiachen Wang Jingkun Zhou Yawen Yang Yuyu Gao Binbin Zhang Qiang Zhang Dengfeng Li Ya Huang Kuanming Yao Jian Lu Xinge Yu Department of Biomedical Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Hong Kong Centre for Cerebro-Cardiovascular Health Engineering Hong Kong 999077China Department of Biomedical Sciences City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Department of Mechanical Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

The application of thermoelectric devices(TEDs)for personalized thermoregulation is attractive for saving energy while balancing the quality of *** that directly attach to human skin remarkably minimized the energy wasted for cooling the entire ***,facing the extreme dynamic geometry change and strain of human skin,conventional TEDs cannot align with the contour of our bodies for the best thermoregulation ***,we designed a kirigami-based wearable TED with excellent water vapor permeability,flexibility,and *** analysis and experimental results reveal that our product can withstand various types of large mechanical deformation without circuit *** stated outcome and proposed facile approach not only reinforce the development of wearable TEDs but also offer an innovative opportunity for different electronics that require high conformability.

关键词： Thermoregulation Thermoelectric Kirigami Body conformable Wearable

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Acoustofluidic scanning fluorescence nanoscopy with a large field of view

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第3期10卷 159-167页

作者： Geonsoo Jin Neil Upreti Joseph Rich Jianping Xia Chenglong Zhao Tony Jun Huang Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA The MITRE Corporation McLeanVA 22102USA

Large-field nanoscale fluorescence imaging is invaluable for many applications,such as imaging subcellular structures,visualizing protein interactions,and high-resolution tissue ***,conventional fluorescence microscopy requires a trade-off between resolution and field of view due to the nature of the optics used to form the *** overcome this barrier,we developed an acoustofluidic scanning fluorescence nanoscope that simultaneously achieves superior resolution,a large field of view,and strong fluorescent *** acoustofluidic scanning fluorescence nanoscope utilizes the superresolution capabilities of microspheres that are controlled by a programmable acoustofluidic device for rapid fluorescence enhancement and *** acoustofluidic scanning fluorescence nanoscope resolves structures that cannot be resolved with conventional fluorescence microscopes with the same objective lens and enhances the fluorescent signal by a factor of~5 without altering the field of view of the *** improved resolution realized with enhanced fluorescent signals and the large field of view achieved via acoustofluidic scanning fluorescence nanoscopy provides a powerful tool for versatile nanoscale fluorescence imaging for researchers in the fields of medicine,biology,biophysics,and biomedical engineering.

关键词： field resolution utilize

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Laser Powder Bed Fusion of Ti-6Al-4 V Alloys for the Production of Defect-Free AM Parts: A Recent Update

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Lasers in Manufacturing and Materials Processing 2024年第3期11卷 781-813页

作者： Omiyale, Babatunde Olamide Ogedengbe, Ikeoluwa Ireoluwa Olugbade, Temitope Olumide Osasona, Amos Babatunde Ogbeyemi, Akinola Farayibi, Peter Kayode Department of Industrial and Production Engineering Federal University of Technology Akure Nigeria Department of Mechanical Engineering Federal University of Technology Akure Nigeria Mechanical and Industrial Engineering School of Science and Engineering University of Dundee Dundee United Kingdom Division of Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering University of Saskatchewan SaskatoonSK Canada Seagate Technology Spring Town United Kingdom Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Engineering University of Saskatchewan SaskatoonSK Canada

Titanium alloy is a material of choice when it comes to applications requiring high-performing mechanical properties, lightweight structure, superior biocompatibility, and excellent corrosion resistance properties. In recent times, laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) has been widely regarded as one of the most frequently studied additive manufacturing techniques utilizing titanium alloys for the manufacturing of parts in industrial sectors. In this review article, the significant influence of process parameters on the improvement of mechanical and microstructure properties for the development of defect-free L-PBF-processed Ti-6Al-4 V components, the effect of post-processing manufacturing techniques to control the internal defects, its key future directions, and the challenges limiting its adoption for practical application in industries have been properly identified and discussed. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Titanium alloys

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Schlieren imaging and video classification of alphabet pronunciations:exploiting phonetic flows for speech recognition and speech therapy

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Visual Computing for Industry,Biomedicine,and Art 2024年第1期7卷 272-285页

作者： Mohamed Talaat Kian Barari Xiuhua April Si Jinxiang Xi Department of Biomedical Engineering University of MassachusettsLowellMA 01854USA Department of Aerospace Industrialand Mechanical EngineeringCalifornia Baptist UniversityRiversideCA 92504USA

Speech is a highly coordinated process that requires precise control over vocal tract morphology/motion to produce intelligible sounds while simultaneously generating unique exhaled flow *** schlieren imaging technique visualizes airflows with subtle density *** is hypothesized that speech flows captured by schlieren,when analyzed using a hybrid of convolutional neural network(CNN)and long short-term memory(LSTM)network,can recognize alphabet pronunciations,thus facilitating automatic speech recognition and speech disorder *** study evaluates the feasibility of using a CNN-based video classification network to differentiate speech flows corresponding to the first four alphabets:/A/,/B/,/C/,and/D/.A schlieren optical system was developed,and the speech flows of alphabet pronunciations were recorded for two participants at an acquisition rate of 60 frames per second.A total of 640 video clips,each lasting 1 s,were utilized to train and test a hybrid CNN-LSTM *** analyses of the recorded sounds were conducted to understand the phonetic differences among the four *** hybrid CNN-LSTM network was trained separately on four datasets of varying sizes(i.e.,20,30,40,50 videos per alphabet),all achieving over 95%accuracy in classifying videos of the same ***,the network’s performance declined when tested on speech flows from a different participant,with accuracy dropping to around 44%,indicating significant inter-participant variability in alphabet *** the network with videos from both participants improved accuracy to 93%on the second *** of misclassified videos indicated that factors such as low video quality and disproportional head size affected *** results highlight the potential of CNN-assisted speech recognition and speech therapy using articulation flows,although challenges remain in expanding the alphabet set and participant cohort.

关键词： Alphabet pronunciation Speech flows Articulatory phonetics Video classification Schlieren Long short-term memory Sequential learning

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The Effect of Dimple-Based TMJ Design and Its Biomechanical Effect on Reducing Stress

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Journal of Long-Term Effects of Medical Implants 2025年第2期35卷 33-39页

作者： Dommeti, Vamsi Krishna Rajaeirad, Mohadese Jamshidi, Nima Roy, Sandipan Department of Mechanical Engineering SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur Kanchipuram Tamil Nadu Chennai603203 India Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Isfahan Isfahan81746-73441 Iran

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders significantly impact orofacial health and quality of life, necessitating effective interventions. This study presents a comprehensive finite element analysis (FEA) focusing on the design and material modifications of temporomandibular joint implants, with the aim of improving their long-term stability and performance. Accurate mandible models extracted from Computational Tomography (CT) scans were used to create three variations of implants, each attached using varying screw configurations ranging from 2 to 5 for each analysis. The variations included implants without dimples, implants with 10% dimples, and implants with 20% dimples. The FEA considered material properties of Titanium and Ti-Nb-Zr alloy for the implants. The FEA results revealed that for 10% dimples models, equivalent stress was reduced by 6.25% with two screws fixation and further decreased by 14.28% with three screws, irrespective of the implant volume, reaffirming the significance of screw fixation. The model secured with three screws exhibited the least amount of stress for both titanium and zirconium alloys and dimple implants showed promise in reducing stress levels, particularly in low bone density conditions. These findings not only underscore the potential advantages of dimple implants in facilitating bone in growth and stability at the bone-implant interface but also highlight the pivotal role of implant dimples in modulating stress levels. The study contributes valuable insights for future advancements in TMJ implantology, offering potential optimizations for implant design and clinical outcomes. © 2025 by Begell House, Inc.

关键词： Binary alloys

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