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Laser 3D Manufacturing XII 2025

作者： Babayigit, Ceren Tavares-Negrete, Jorge Alfonso Esfandyarpour, Rahim Boyraz, Ozdal Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The University of California IrvineCA92697 United States Department of Biomedical Engineering The University of California IrvineCA92697 United States Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering The University of California IrvineCA92697 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781510684560

Achieving high-resolution outputs in Digital Light Processing (DLP) bioprinting requires precise control over photocrosslinking, particularly for dense, intricate models with fine gaps. Over-crosslinking is affected by factors such as light scattering, limited depth of focus, and molecular diffusion. Traditionally, these issues are managed by altering the material and light source. This study presents a novel segmentation approach designed to address these challenges by leveraging the inherent diffusion characteristics of the DLP system rather than altering its core components. The generation and diffusion of free radicals increase with light intensity and the density of the illuminated area, which alters the risk of over-crosslinking in these regions. The proposed technique involves segmenting the photomask into discrete regions and employing an on-off activation strategy to enhance control over photopolymerization. By strategically segmenting the mask and alternating the activation of adjacent segments, the technique effectively manages the distribution and concentration of free radicals and allows time for the termination phase of photopolymerization. It creates spatial gaps, helps manage free radical diffusion, prevents unwanted combinations, and filling of small gaps, thus improving resolution. Demonstrated by printing a bronchial model, this approach achieved a 100 µm gap between bronchial branches at a 14.43x compression ratio to anatomical size. The live-dead assay shows sustained cell viability of up to 90% for GelMA and up to 85% for GelMA-PEGDA constructs across seven days. This study shows that the segmentation strategy significantly reduces over-crosslinking, advancing DLP bioprinting for applications requiring precise control over complex features and detailed features. © 2025 SPIE.

关键词： Photopolymerization

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Vascular restoration through local delivery of angiogenic factors stimulates bone regeneration in critical size defects

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Bioactive Materials 2024年第6期36卷 580-594页

作者： Liang Fang Zhongting Liu Cuicui Wang Meng Shi Yonghua He Aiwu Lu Xiaofei Li Tiandao Li Donghui Zhu Bo Zhang Jianjun Guan Jie Shen Department of Orthopaedic Surgery School of MedicineWashington UniversitySt.LouisMO63110USA Department of Mechanical Engineering&Materials Sciences School of EngineeringWashington UniversitySt.LouisMO63110USA Department of Developmental Biology Center of Regenerative MedicineWashington UniversitySt.LouisMO63110USA Department of Biomedical Engineering School of MedicineStony Brook UniversityStony BrookNY11794USA

Critical size bone defects represent a significant challenge worldwide,often leading to persistent pain and physical disability that profoundly impact patients’quality of life and mental *** address the intricate and complex repair processes involved in these defects,we performed single-cell RNA sequencing and revealed notable shifts in cellular populations within regenerative ***,we observed a decrease in progenitor lineage cells and endothelial cells,coupled with an increase in fibrotic lineage cells and pro-inflammatory cells within regenerative ***,our analysis of differentially expressed genes and associated signaling pathway at the single-cell level highlighted impaired angiogenesis as a central pathway in critical size bone defects,notably influenced by reduction of Spp1 and Cxcl12 *** deficiency was particularly pronounced in progenitor lineage cells and myeloid lineage cells,underscoring its significance in the regeneration *** response to these findings,we developed an innovative approach to enhance bone regeneration in critical size bone *** fabrication process involves the integration of electrospun PCL fibers with electrosprayed PLGA microspheres carrying Spp1 and *** design allows for the gradual release of Spp1 and Cxcl12 in vitro and in *** evaluate the efficacy of our approach,we locally applied PCL scaffolds loaded with Spp1 and Cxcl12 in a murine model of critical size bone *** results demonstrated restored angiogenesis,accelerated bone regeneration,alleviated pain responses and improved mobility in treated mice.

关键词： Critical size bone defects Angiogenesis Spp1 Cxcl12 Polycaprolactone scaffold

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High-throughput and simultaneous inertial separation of tumor cells and clusters from malignant effusions using spiral-contraction-expansion channels

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 91-99页

作者： Zhixian Zhu Hui Ren Dan Wu Zhonghua Ni Nan Xiang School of Mechanical Engineering and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical InstrumentsSoutheast University211189NanjingChina School of Mechanical Technology Wuxi Institute of TechnologyNo.1600 Gaolang West Road214129WuxiChina Department of Oncology Jiangyin People’s Hospital214400JiangyinChina

Tumor cell clusters are regarded as critical factors in cancer pathophysiology,and increasing evidence of their higher treatment resistance and metastasis compared to single tumor cells has been ***,existing cell separation methods that are designed for single tumor cells cannot be used to simultaneously purify tumor cell *** address this problem,we demonstrated a microfluidic approach for the high-throughput,continuous-flow ternary separation of single tumor cells,tumor cell clusters,and WBCs from clinical pleural or abdominal effusions by coupling slanted spiral channels and periodic contraction-expansion *** first systematically explored the influence of particle size and flow rate on particle *** separation performance indicated that 94.0%of WBCs were removed and more than 97%of MDA-MB-231 tumor cells were recovered at a high flow rate of 3500µL/***,more than 90%of tumor cell clusters were effectively preserved after ***,we successfully applied our device for the ternary separation of single tumor cells,tumor cell clusters,and WBCs from different malignant effusions collected from patients with metastatic ***,our spiral-contraction-expansion device has potential as a sample pretreatment tool for the cytological diagnosis of malignant effusions.

关键词： separation contraction removed

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Learning to Adapt Foundation Model DINOv2 for Capsule Endoscopy Diagnosis

Learning to Adapt Foundation Model DINOv2 for Capsule Endosc...

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International Conference on Biomimetic Intelligence and Robotics & Medical Robotics Forum, ICBIR+MRF 2024

作者： Zhang, Bowen Chen, Ying Bai, Long Zhao, Yan Sun, Yuxiang Yuan, Yixuan Zhang, Jianhua Ren, Hongliang Department of Electronic Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen China School of Mechanical Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing China Department of Mechanical Engineering City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Department of Biomedical Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore

Foundation models have become prominent in computer vision, achieving notable success in various tasks. However, their effectiveness largely depends on pre-training with extensive datasets. Applying foundation models directly to small datasets of capsule endoscopy images from scratch is challenging. Pre-training on broad, general vision datasets is crucial for successfully fine-tuning our model for specific tasks. In this work, we introduce a simplified approach called Adapt foundation models with a low-rank adaptation (LoRA) technique for easier customization. Our method, inspired by the DINOv2 foundation model, applies low-rank adaptation learning to tailor foundation models for capsule endoscopy diagnosis effectively. Unlike traditional fine-tuning methods, our strategy includes LoRA layers designed to absorb specific surgical domain knowledge. During the training process, we keep the main model (the backbone encoder) fixed and focus on optimizing the LoRA layers and the disease classification component. We tested our method on two publicly available datasets for capsule endoscopy disease classification. The results were impressive, with our model achieving 97.75% accuracy on the Kvasir-Capsule dataset and 98.81% on the Kvasir-v2 dataset. Our solution demonstrates that foundation models can be adeptly adapted for capsule endoscopy diagnosis, highlighting that mere reliance on straightforward fine-tuning or pre-trained models from general computer vision tasks is inadequate for such specific applications. © 2024 The Authors.

关键词： Endoscopy

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Microchannel-based Droplet Generation Using Multiphase Flow: A Review 3

Microchannel-based Droplet Generation Using Multiphase Flow:...

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3rd International Symposium on Advances and Innovation in mechanical engineering, ISAIME 2022

作者： Raynaldo, K. Whulanza, Y. Irwansyah, R. Laboratory of Fluid Mechanics Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia West Java Depok16424 Indonesia Research Center on Biomedical Engineering Universitas Indonesia West Java Depok16424 Indonesia

Microfluidics is a multidisciplinary field that allows for precise control of fluids at a micrometer scale, with the goal of generating encapsulated structures or droplets for specific purposes. However, producing monodispersed droplets remains a challenge, making it necessary for researchers to investigate optimal microchannel geometries and parameters for controlling droplet size. Channel-based geometries, including T-junction, flow-focusing, co-flowing, membrane, and step emulsification, are the most commonly used geometries, each with its own advantages and weaknesses. This literature review aims to highlight assessment methods of microfluidic device performance and physical phenomenon in droplet generation for each channel-based geometry, including recent findings by researchers. Output parameters such as microchannel geometries, flow patterns, and flow regime maps with interpretations can be used to evaluate the optimum input for generating droplets that are suitable for a certain application. With the COVID-19 pandemic affecting the world, there is an opportunity to use microfluidic devices to study SARS-CoV-2 and develop post-pandemic therapeutics. The next challenge in microfluidic device development is producing high-throughput double emulsion droplets with monodispersed size using optimum input parameters to satisfy the drug delivery purpose. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Microfluidics

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Bio-tribological Characteristics of 3D-Printed Ti–Ta–Nb–Mo–Zr High Entropy Alloy in Human Body Emulating Biofluids for Implant Applications

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Journal of Bio- and Tribo-Corrosion 2023年第1期9卷 1-21页

作者： Kumar, Pankaj Patel, Mahesh Jain, Neelesh Kumar Gupta, Sharad Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Indore MP Indore453 552 India Department of Metallurgical and Material Science Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Indore MP Indore453 552 India Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Indore MP Indore453 552 India

This paper presents findings on corrosion and tribo-corrosion characteristics in human body emulating biofluids of 7.4 pH value at 37 °C, dry fretting wear, and abrasion resistance of equiatomic Ti–Ta–Nb–Mo–Zr high entropy alloy (HEA) developed by μ-plasma-based 3D-printing process. Physiological saline, phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution, and 1% fetal bovine serum mixed with the PBS solution were used as the human body emulating biofluids to study corrosion and tribo-corrosion characteristics of the developed HEA. Minor abrasive wear and material ploughing in dry fretting wear zone are observed occurring due to the formation of loose wear debris and large-scale material displacement, respectively. The presence of biofluids significantly reduced coefficient of friction, average depth of worn scar, specific wear rate, open-circuit potential values, corrosion potential, and corrosion current density. Ti–Ta–Nb–Mo–Zr HEA showed better corrosion and tribo-corrosion resistance than Ti–22Nb, Ti–22Nb–6Zr, Ti–12Mo–5Ta, and Ti–20Nb–10Zr–5Ta alloys due to the formation of strong passive layers of oxides of its constituents, i.e., TiO2, Ta2O5, Nb2O5, NbO2, and ZrO2. It has higher abrasion resistance at higher applied load without much change in coefficient friction imparting it better resistance to wear and tear. Findings of this study make Ti–Ta–Nb–Mo–Zr HEA as preferable orthopedic implant material than the presently used materials. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.] © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Titanium dioxide

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Cidade Inteligente: análise da evolução dos indicadores de uma Cidade Universitária da região norte a partir da ISO 37122:2020 15

Cidade Inteligente: análise da evolução dos indicadores d...

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15th IEEE International Conference on Industry Applications, INDUSCON 2023

作者： Santos, Lucas Henrique Brito de Sousa Silva, Kaylane Lobato, Elen Priscila dos Santos, Jhennifer Freitas Manito, Allan R.A. da Silva Fonseca, Wellington de Oliveira e Silva, Marcelo Faculty of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering Federal University of Pará Belém Brazil Electrical Engineering Graduate Program Federal University of Pará Belém Brazil Mechanical Engineering Graduate Program Federal University of Pará Belém Brazil

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Monitoring industrial systems using ESP-NOW protocol with Mesh and Ad Hoc network 15

Monitoring industrial systems using ESP-NOW protocol with Me...

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15th IEEE International Conference on Industry Applications, INDUSCON 2023

作者： Santos, Lucas Henrique Brito da Silva, Eduardo José Monteiro de Oliveira Farias, Aleqssandro Alexandre dos Santos, Jhennifer Freitas Morais, Iago Ranieri Miranda Rodrigues da Silva Fonseca, Wellington de Oliveira e Silva, Marcelo Faculty of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering Federal University of Pará Belém Brazil Electrical Engineering Graduate Program Federal University of Pará Belém Brazil Mechanical Engineering Graduate Program Federal University of Pará Belém Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9798350314182

Nowadays, industrial processes are creating increasing demands for optimized and efficient sensing systems and require high reliability and a short time interval for information delivery. This paper presents an embedded sensor system that uses the ESP-NOW protocol with a Mesh and Ad Hoc network, in order to provide an auto mesh configuration upon failure at some point in the network. This system was implemented to monitor the variables of an induction motor, after which, before sending the data to the cloud, local processing is performed to reduce the volume of data. Finally, a computer simulation of the WROOM-32 module is performed for a thermal analysis during its operation, where the heating points of the plate are identified and analyzed, in order to validate that the system, even processing a large amount of data, maintains a high reliability during its operation. ©2023 IEEE.

关键词： ad hoc espnow mesh simulation thermal

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Fluid Flow and Mixed Heat Transfer in a Horizontal Channel with an Open Cavity and Wavy Wall

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第7期37卷 147-163页

作者： Tohid Adibi Shams Forruque Ahmed Omid Adibi Hassan Athari Irfan Anjum Badruddin Syed Javed Department of Mechanical Engineering University of BonabBonabIran Science and Math Program Asian University for WomenChattogramBangladesh Energy Management Group Energy and Environment Research CenterNiroo Research InstituteTehranIran Department of Mechanical Engineering Elm-o-Fann University College of Science and TechnologyUrmiaIran Mechanical Engineering Department College of EngineeringKing Khalid UniversityAbha61421Saudi Arabia

Heat exchangers are utilized extensively in different industries and ***,optimizing heat exchangers has been a major concern among *** various studies have been conducted to improve the heat transfer rate,the use of a wavy wall in the presence of different types of heat transfer mechanisms has not been *** study thus investigates the mixed heat transmission behavior of fluid in a horizontal channel with a cavity and a hot,wavy *** fluid flow in the channel is considered laminar,and the governing equations including continuity,momentum,and energy are all solved *** numerical solution is stabilized by using a first-order multi-dimensional characteristic-based scheme in combination with a fifth-order Runge-Kutta *** flow and heat transfer effects of varying Richardson numbers,Reynolds numbers,wave amplitude,wavelength,channel height,and cavity width are *** results indicate that the mean Nusselt number increases with an increase in Reynolds number,wave amplitude,and cavity width,while it decreases with an increase in Richardson number,wavelength,and channel *** minimum Nusselt number is calculated to be 0.7,whereas the maximum Nusselt number is *** Nusselt number has only increased by 40%in the higher depths of the cavity,despite the Richardson number being 10,000 times *** this figure increases to 130%at lower *** mean Nusselt number is thus significantly influenced by channel height and cavity *** influence of wave amplitude on the mean Nusselt number is twice that of wavelength.

关键词： Mixed heat transfer wavy wall horizontal channel open cavity numerical simulation

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Self-Attenuating Graphene-Based Antennas Utilizing Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) Substrates 2

Self-Attenuating Graphene-Based Antennas Utilizing Polyvinyl...

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2nd International Microwave and Antenna Symposium, IMAS 2024

作者： Frankhouse, Josef Addo-Mensah, Evans Wejinya, Uche University of Arkansas Department of Mechanical Engineering Fayetteville United States Graduate Program University of Arkansas Fayetteville United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350356359

In this study, a Terahertz (THz) band antenna which can regulate its own resonant frequency without the requirement of manual adjustment is simulated. A polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) substrate is applied onto a rectangular graphene patch antenna. With a voltage potential applied onto the PVDF, the patch antenna can attenuate its frequency by physically changing the shape of the antenna, and in turn its resonant frequency. These antennas are within a 0.1 THz band between 1.32 THz to 1.22 THz measured from a radial bend of a flat surface to r = 75 μm, fitting into a return loss (S11) above -30 dB. Although the return loss did not show consistency, the resonating frequency shifted at a linear rate relative to the cylindrical bending. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Microstrip antennas

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