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26th International Conference on Computer and Information Technology, ICCIT 2023

作者： Anik, Fahim Islam Sakib, Nazmus Roy, Amit Dutta Nahiyan, Md. Helal An Khulna University of Engineering & Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering Khulna Bangladesh Kennesaw State University Department of Computer Science MariettaGA United States Khulna University of Engineering & Technology Department of Biomedical Engineering Khulna Bangladesh

ISBN: (纸本)9798350359015

Recent advancements in prosthetic arm technology revolutionized the lives of upper limb amputees, offering restored functionality and better quality of life. However, achieving precise control over grasp force modulation remains a pressing research challenge to the body-sensor network research community. Electromyography (EMG) signals have emerged as a potential solution for force estimation, mimicking natural grasp force modulation. This study investigates EMG signals associated with distinct finger movements for five grasp patterns and diverse force levels to enhance prosthetic arm control. Machine learning techniques were used to classify EMG signals from 15 individuals- findings suggest that variations in EMG responses to different finger movements and force levels demonstrate a complex relationship. Our model demonstrates accuracy above 95%, indicating reliable classification. Our study reveals unique muscle activity trends for mild and moderate force levels based on a comprehensive force and EMG data analysis across multiple subjects. These findings contribute to developing prosthetic systems closely mimicking natural limbs, enabling effortless object manipulation with varying force levels leveraging insights on dynamics of EMG signals, human motor control, and intuitive control mechanisms in prosthetic arms. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： EMG Grasp Force Estimation Prosthetic Arm

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Review of recent designs, performance, and configurations for the pyramid solar still

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International Journal of Energy and Water Resources 2025年第2期9卷 1145-1176页

作者： Hussein, A. Kadhim Rashid, F. Lafta Abed, A.M. Sultan, H.S. Togun, H. Attia, M. El Hadi Manokar, A. Muthu Hamida, M. Bechir Ben Ali, B. Younis, O. Khutar, N. Murad Mechanical Engineering Department College of Engineering University of Babylon Babylon City Hilla Iraq Petroleum Engineering Department College of Engineering University of Kerbala Karbala Iraq Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Techniques Engineering Department Al-Mustaqbal University College Babylon 51001 Iraq College of Engineering University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa Karbalaa 56001 Iraq Biomedical Engineering Department University of Thi-Qar Nassiriya 64001 Iraq Physics Department Faculty of Exact Sciences University of El Oued El Oued 3900 Algeria Department of Mechanical Engineering B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology Tamil Nadu Chennai 600048 India Department of Chemical Engineering College of Engineering Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) Riyadh Saudi Arabia Research Laboratory of Ionized Backgrounds and Reagents Studies (EMIR) Preparatory Institute for Engineering Studies of Monastir (IPEIM) University of Monastir Monastir City Tunisia Higher School of Sciences and Technology of Hammam Sousse Department of Physics University of Sousse Sousse Tunisia School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen 518055 China Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Engineering in Wadi Addwasir Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Al-Kharj 11942 Saudi Arabia Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Khartoum Khartoum Sudan Department of Computer Technical Engineering Technical Engineering College Al-Ayen University Thi-Qar Iraq

Fresh water is essential for day-to-day survival. The primary issue facing undeveloped nations is the continuous scarcity of clean water, and drinking contaminated water to survive may harm one’s health. Due to population expansion, there is less fresh water available. Boring wells, rainwater, and water from rivers or lakes are among the potential water sources. For isolated, arid, and semiarid regions, solar distillation is appropriate. Where there is a severe drinking water deficit and intense solar radiation. With free energy, straightforward, affordable technology, and a clean atmosphere, solar still (SS) partly meets man’s demand for drinking water, especially in distant locations. This review focuses on pyramid solar stills (PSS), highlighting their potential to meet drinking water demands with free, clean energy and simple technology. This paper comprehensively reviews numerical, experimental, and combined (numerical and experimental), discussing various setups, parameters, and results. Key advancements, performance improvements, and future research directions are outlined, emphasizing the importance of innovative designs and optimization for enhanced efficiency and freshwater production. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Iranian Society of Environmentalists (IRSEN) and Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University 2024.

关键词： Comprehensive review Pyramid solar still Remote regions Water desalination

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A Eulerian Framework for Modeling and Simulation of Particle Transport during Fuel Dispersal

A Eulerian Framework for Modeling and Simulation of Particle...

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2024 Annual Conference on Transactions of the American Nuclear Society, ANS 2024

作者： Moharana, Avinash Shi, Shanbin Nuclear Engineering Program Department of Mechanical Aerospace and Nuclear Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute 110 8th Street TroyNY12180 United States

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Effects of Surface Finishing Techniques on Properties of NiTi Coil Spring Actuators 8th

Effects of Surface Finishing Techniques on Properties of NiT...

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8th International Conference on Manufacturing, Material and Metallurgical engineering, ICMMME 2024

作者： Premwattananarakul, Natakorn Srirussamee, Kasama Tunthawiroon, Phacharaphon Kumnorkaew, Theerawat Phukaoluan, Aphinan Department of Marine Engineering Academic Branch Royal Thai Naval Academy Samutprakarn10270 Thailand Department of Biomedical Engineering School of Engineering King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang Bangkok10520 Thailand Department of Industrial Engineering School of Engineering King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang Bangkok10520 Thailand Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Faculty of Engineering Rajamangala University of Technology Krungthep Bangkok10120 Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9783031782947

This research aims to investigate the effects of surface finishing techniques on phase transformation, topography, and recovery force of NiTi coil springs designed for actuator applications. The NiTi wire, with a diameter of 1 mm, was fabricated into a helical spring with an index of 9 and 20 active coils. The spring was subsequently annealed at 550 °C for 30 min and then quenched in water. The surface finishing techniques applied to the NiTi springs included chemical etching, mechanical polishing, and sand blasting. It was observed that mechanical polishing had a strong impact on topography than both chemical etching and sand blasting. After mechanical polishing, the topography of NiTi coil springs slightly changed compared to the annealed spring. The examined surface was smooth and glistening, with a surface roughness Ra of 0.175 ± 0.006 µm, nearly identical to that of the annealed spring Ra of 0.116 ± 0.021 µm. Chemical etching produced a surface oxide, yet the surface became rough due to an uncontrollable chemical reaction, i.e., the Ra value obtained from chemical etched surface (1.177 ± 0.156 µm) was higher than that of the mechanically polished spring. Meanwhile, sand blasting provided a blue-shaded surface corresponding to an excessive Ra of 1.952 ± 0.204 µm. The DSC results revealed two peaks of R-phase and martensite transformation in the cooling curve, with only austenite transformation appearing on the heating curve. According to the DSC curve, all surface finishing techniques can reduce the latent heat and affect the associated phase transformations. Consequently, the recovery force of the spring was increased by 2–5 times the initial length. The maximum stiffness (k) of 0.129 N/mm and recovery force for the surface-finished springs were provided by mechanical polishing, while the minimum values of 0.104 N/mm were yielded by sand blasting. All experimental findings offer a framework for the development of actuator springs enhanced through each surface f

关键词： Surface roughness

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Stratified liquid-liquid flow through microchannels with grooved walls 9

Stratified liquid-liquid flow through microchannels with gro...

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9th European Thermal Sciences Conference, EUROTHERM 2024

作者： Dewangan, Mainendra Kumar Persoons, Tim Department of Mechanical Manufacturing and Biomedical Engineering Trinity College Dublin University of Dublin DublinD02PN40 Ireland

Patterned surfaces have numerous applications in the microscale flow regime, such as heat transfer enhancement, mixing, and microfluidics devices. The present study analytically examines the pressure-driven flow of two immiscible Newtonian fluids through a grooved microchannel. The orientation of the channel is defined as the top and bottom walls being flat and wavy surfaces, respectively. A no-slip boundary condition is assumed at both walls. The present problem is investigated by invoking the Fourier theory for a flow along streamwise grooves at the Stokes flow limit. Flow rates and velocities of both fluids are determined analytically and numerically. A finite-element-based numerical study is conducted to understand the accuracy of the theoretical models. Results are generated to show the effects of viscosity ratio, wall undulation amplitude and wavelength of the patterned channel. For both fluids with a small wavelength, hydraulic permeability decreases with increasing the pattern amplitude at various viscosity ratios. Meanwhile, in the case of large wavelengths, hydraulic permeability increases with pattern amplitude at different values of viscosity ratio. This behaviour of permeability is identified for fluid 2 (which is in contact with the grooved surface). Roughness and confinement effects are captured with increasing pattern amplitude at different wavelengths and viscosity ratios. The present analytical model agrees well with numerical values. The findings provide a deeper understanding of the stratified flow through microchannels with undulating surfaces, with potential applications in electronic cooling, skin-friction drag, interfacial fluid dynamics, and enhancement and reduction of heat transfer. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Microchannels

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Degenerate kernels of polyharmonic and poly-Helmholtz operators in polar and spherical coordinates

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engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements 2023年第1期148卷 137-152页

作者： Tsai, Chia-Cheng Hematiyan, M.R. Bachelor Degree Program in Ocean Engineering and Technology National Taiwan Ocean University Keelung202301 Taiwan Center of Excellence for Ocean Engineering National Taiwan Ocean University Keelung202301 Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering Shiraz University Shiraz71936 Iran

This paper presents the degenerate kernels for the polyharmonic and poly-Helmholtz partial differential operators in the polar and spherical coordinates. These degenerate kernels are essential if the analytical/semi-analytical solutions and the mathematical degeneracies involving these operators are conducted by the boundary integral equations. In addition, a two-dimensional creeping flow problem is considered to illustrate the use of the degenerate kernels for problems governed by coupled partial differential equations. The coupled governing equations of the creeping flow problems are converted into a biharmonic equation by using the Hörmander linear partial differential operator theory and the Cartesian partial derivatives on the harmonic and biharmonic degenerate kernels are used to obtain the degenerate kernels of two-dimensional creeping flow problems for BIE analyses. Finally, numerical experiments are conducted to study the convergence of the polyharmonic and poly-Helmholtz degenerate kernels. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Boundary integral equations

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Optimising liquid impingement jet arrays for concentrated heat sources 9

Optimising liquid impingement jet arrays for concentrated he...

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9th European Thermal Sciences Conference, EUROTHERM 2024

作者： Elliott, J.W. Byrne, G. Robinson, A.J. AMBER Research Centre Trinity College Dublin Dublin Ireland Department of Mechanical Manufacturing & Biomedical Engineering Trinity College Dublin Ireland

This work seeks to investigate jet array impingement liquid cooling of CPU processors that utilise Integrated Heat Spreaders. In this study, single and centralised heat sources of various sizes (10 mm to 20 mm) were investigated, and a series of single and multi-objective optimisation studies were carried out to determine the optimum arrangement of microjets for different heat source sizes based on variable geometric inputs of the jet orifice plate. The results indicated that the design of the optimum jet orifice strongly depends on the size of the heat source as well as whether the target optimisation strategy is to achieve minimum thermal resistance, or both minimum thermal resistance and minimum pumping power simultaneously. A clustering of quite different orifice designs in optimal zones is observed, where approximately the same hydraulic and/or thermal performance is observed. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Heat resistance

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Sperm quality metrics were improved by a biomimetic microfluidic selection platform compared to swim-up methods

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2023年第2期9卷 261-274页

作者： Steven A.Vasilescu Lin Ding Farin Yazdan Parast Reza Nosrati Majid Ebrahimi Warkiani NeoGenix Biosciences pty Itd SydneyNSW 2126Australia. School of Biomedical Engineering University of Technology SydneySydneyNSW 2007Australia Department of Mechanical&Aerospace Engineering Monash UniversityClaytonVIC 3800Australia institute for Biomedical Materials&Devices(IBMD) Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Technology SydneySydneyNSW.2007Australia

Sperm selection is an essential component of all assisted reproductive treatments(ARTs)and is by far the most neglected step in the ART workflow in regard to technological *** sperm selection methodologies typically produce a higher total number of sperm with variable motilities,morphologies,and levels of DNA ***-standard techniques,including density gradient centrifugation(DGC)and swim-up(SU),have been shown to induce DNA fragmentation through introducing reactive oxygen species(ROS)during ***,we demonstrate a 3D printed,biologically inspired microfluidic sperm selection device(MSSP)that utilizes multiple methods to simulate a sperms journey toward *** are first selected based on their motility and boundary-following behavior and then on their expression of apoptotic markers,yielding over 68%more motile sperm than that of previously reported methods with a lower incidence of DNA fragmentation and *** from the MsSP also demonstrated higher motile sperm recovery after cryopreservation than that of sU or neat *** were conducted side-by-side against conventional SU methods using human semen(n=33)and showed over an 85%improvement in DNA integrity with an average 90%reduction in sperm *** results that the platform is easy-to-use for sperm selection and mimics the biological function of the female reproductive tract during conception.

关键词： utilize yielding neglected

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Antitangling and manufacturable Fog Harps for high‐efficiency water harvesting

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Droplet 2023年第4期2卷 38-44页

作者： Jimmy K.Kaindu Kevin R.Murphy Nicholas G.Kowalski Alexandra N.Jones Matthew Davis Fleming Brook S.Kennedy Jonathan B.Boreyko Department of Mechanical Engineering Virginia TechBlacksburgVirginiaUSA Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics Virginia TechBlacksburgVirginiaUSA School of Architecture and Design Virginia TechBlacksburgVirginiaUSA Samscreen Inc. ConklinNew YorkUSA

Fog Harps harvest substantially more water than conventional mesh‐based ***,to date,all large‐scale Fog Harps have been impractically hand‐wound at low wire tensions and suffer from elastocapillary wire ***,we develop large‐scale and high‐tension Fog Harps that are manufacturable and *** Fog Harps retain the record‐setting fog harvesting efficiency(η≈17%)of their optimized scale‐model counterparts,while uniquely enabling practical real‐life *** was achieved by adapting the industrial process for making harp screens,a pre‐existing technology used for screening solid *** critical tension required to minimize wire tangling was rationalized by an improved elastocapillary tangling model.

关键词： harvesting capillary rational

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WEARABLE ULTRASOUND DEVICE FOR MONITORING BLOOD FLOW IN INTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY

WEARABLE ULTRASOUND DEVICE FOR MONITORING BLOOD FLOW IN INTE...

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2024 Design of Medical Devices Conference, DMD 2024

作者： Hage, Benjamin D. Krings, Ethan J. Walker, Quentin Markvicka, Eric J. Bashford, Gregory R. Biomedical Imaging and Biosignal Analysis Laboratory Department of Biological Systems Engineering University of Nebraska-Lincoln LincolnNE United States Smart Materials and Robotics Laboratory Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering University of Nebraska-Lincoln LincolnNE United States Department of Biomedical Engineering The Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780791887752

Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage affects 6.1/100, 000 people annually worldwide. After initial bleeding has stopped, victims are at high risk of vasospasm, a narrowing of cerebral arteries that may lead to stroke, for two weeks. One currently used method of monitoring for vasospasm involves calculation of the Lindegaard ratio, a ratio of blood flow velocity in the middle cerebral artery to the ipsilateral internal carotid artery. However, this method requires trained operators, limiting the frequency at which it is performed (no more than once per day). This work demonstrates a proof-of-concept device for frequent Lindegaard ratio calculation via periodic monitoring of blood flow in the internal carotid artery. © 2024 by ASME.

关键词： Ultrasonic devices

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