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Visuospatial Working Memory under Fatigue: Observations with Cerebral Hemodynamics and Heart Rate Variability

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 2021年第1期65卷 349 - 351页

作者： Rohith Karthikeyan Joshua Carrizales Connor Johnson Ranjana Mehta Department of Mechanical Engineering Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843 USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843 USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843 USADepartment of Industrial and Systems Engineering Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843 USA

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Characterisation of Mouse Artery Tissue Properties Using Experimental Testing Combined with Finite Element Modelling

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Li, Luli Gao, Ling Yap, Kian Kun Phinikaridou, Alkystis Masen, Marc Tribology Group Department of Mechanical Engineering Imperial College London LondonSW7 2AZ United Kingdom School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Science King’s College London LondonSE1 7EH United Kingdom British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence King’s College London LondonSE5 9NU United Kingdom

Indentation tests have been widely used to determine the material properties of arterial tissue. However, it remains a challenge to extract the relevant material parameters from the force-indentation curves that result from indentation tests. This paper presents a detailed procedure for determining the first-order Ogden parameters, µ and α, for mouse arterial tissue using a method that combines indentation tests with numerical simulations. The method builds on a previous study [1] and has been expanded to account for the surface roughness of the indented specimen. It is assumed that hyperelastic material behaviour can be linearised for small strain increments, ∆Εj ≤ 1 %, allowing the model developed by Hayes [2] to be applied to accommodate the contact behaviour in each increment. However, mouse arterial specimens have an irregular or rough surface which complicates the use of Hayes’ model, as the thickness of the specimen is an input parameter into the model. To solve this, we introduce an ‘equivalent thickness’ that can be applied in Hayes’ model by identifying the thickness that yields the smallest variance S2 of the shear moduli among a range of possible specimen thickness values. The shear moduli obtained for the equivalent thickness, denoted as the equivalent shear moduli G∗i , along with the corresponding principal strains Εj obtained from simulations, were used to calculate the principal stresses σj using Hooke’s law. By combining the principal stresses σj across all increments, a nonlinear stress σj versus strain Εj curve was generated, from which the first-order Ogden parameters µ and α were obtained. The proposed method is demonstrated by applying it to simulated force-indentation curves, successfully recovering the input parameters for both thickness and Ogden parameters. The method was subsequently applied to 26 experimentally obtained curves, yielding an average shear modulus G of 1.22 kPa for the indented mouse arterial tissue specimens, with values r

关键词： Mammals

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Sarc-graph: Automated segmentation, tracking, and analysis of sarcomeres in hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Zhao, Bill Zhang, Kehan Chen, Christopher S. Lejeune, Emma Department of Mechanical Engineering Boston University BostonMA02215 United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Boston University Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering Harvard University BostonMA02115 United States

A better fundamental understanding of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) has the potential to advance applications ranging from drug discovery to cardiac repair. Automated quantitative analysis of beating hiPSC-CMs is an important and fast developing component of the hiPSC-CM research pipeline. Here we introduce "Sarc-Graph," a computational framework to segment, track, and analyze sarcomeres in fluorescently tagged hiPSC-CMs. Our framework includes functions to segment z-discs and sarcomeres, track z-discs and sarcomeres in beating cells, and perform automated spatiotemporal analysis and data visualization. In addition to reporting good performance for sarcomere segmentation and tracking with little to no parameter tuning and a short runtime, we introduce two novel analysis approaches. First, we construct spatial graphs where z-discs correspond to nodes and sarcomeres correspond to edges. This makes measuring the network distance between each sarcomere (i.e., the number of connecting sarcomeres separating each sarcomere pair) straightforward. Second, we treat tracked and segmented components as fiducial markers and use them to compute the approximate deformation gradient of the entire tracked population. This represents a new quantitative descriptor of hiPSC-CM function. We showcase and validate our approach with both synthetic and experimental movies of beating hiPSC-CMs. By publishing Sarc-Graph, we aim to make automated quantitative analysis of hiPSC-CM behavior more accessible to the broader research *** Codes 92F05, 74A05. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Automation

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Computational Study of Ventral Ankle-Foot Orthoses During Stance Phase for Post-surgery Spinal Tuberculosis Rehabilitation 1st

Computational Study of Ventral Ankle-Foot Orthoses During St...

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1st International Conference on Electronics, biomedical engineering, and Health Informatics, ICEBEHI 2020

作者： Putra, Alfian Pramudita Rahmatillah, Akif Pujiyanto Ain, Khusnul Rodiyah, Nur Khafidotur Pawana, I. Putu Alit Syahananta, Lolita Hapsari Dwi Dwiatma, Mohammad Rizki Hidayat, Arief Sofian Biomedical Engineering Study Program Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya60115 Indonesia Biomedical Signals and Systems Research Group Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya60115 Indonesia Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya60115 Indonesia Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Dr Soetomo General Academic Hospital Surabaya60286 Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9789813369252

Spinal Tuberculosis could cause abnormalities in the lower extremity, even after the surgery and can be treated with Ankle-Foot Orthoses (AFO). The patient with that condition has to stabilize their body because it tends to fall forward. Thus, a ventral AFO is needed to support them. This study aims to evaluate AFO design by using Finite Element Method (FEM) with two different thickness (2 and 4 mm). The material used was a Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET). Three subphases in the stance phase were simulated, namely initial contact, midstance, and terminal stance. The external force in the simulation was based on the patient’s weight (50 kg). The result showed that the highest stress was obtained from ventral AFO with a thickness of 2 mm at the terminal stance, 244.7 MPa. This value exceeded the Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS) of PET which indicates the design would break. The ventral AFO with a thickness of 4 mm had lower stress than the UTS of PET. The strain of both designs was quite low with the maximum value of 0.019 from the ventral AFO with a thickness of 4 mm in the terminal stance. The deformation was also acceptable for both designs with the highest value of 39.67 mm from the ventral AFO with a thickness of 2 mm in the midstance. In conclusion, the ventral AFO with a thickness of 4 mm could be used for post-surgery spinal tuberculosis patient’s rehabilitation. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Patient rehabilitation

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Construction Process Quality Control Assisted Mobile Application 8

Construction Process Quality Control Assisted Mobile Applica...

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8th IEEE International Conference on Industrial engineering and Applications, ICIEA 2021

作者： Kruachottikul, Pravee Cooharojananone, Nagul Phanomchoeng, Gridsada Wongsanao, Keetapat Thabsuwan, Sirada Suwannatrai, Kuptipong Pongsuttisatta, Watcharapong Ganyaporngul, Sirapavee Kovitanggoon, Kittikul Vajarodaya, Napatsapa Graduate School Chulalongkorn University Technopreneurship and Innovation Management Program Bangkok Thailand Chulalongkorn University Faculty of Science Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Bangkok Thailand Chulalongkorn University Faculty of Engineering Department of Mechanical Engineering Bangkok Thailand Chulalongkorn University Faculty of Science Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Bangkok Thailand Solitech Innovations and Technologies Co. Ltd. Bangkok Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9781665428958

Digital transformation plays a big role in many industries, including construction. One of the obstacles to manage large-scale and complex construction projects is inefficient communication between involving personnel. Most problems are such as misunderstanding contexts, incomplete information, ignorance, missing multimedia files, etc. In Thailand, organizations adopt digital transformation by utilizing a variety of applications and software to complete their projects, such as LINE, G-Suite, Asana, etc. Users have to spend a lot of time to learn each application and software to be able to achieve maximum performance. Construction process quality control assisted application is the new tool developed for uniting all needs and solving communication problems. Requirements are gathered by five interviews with three major organizations, the Thailand department of Highway, Team Built Co., Ltd., and one major construction company. Requirements were analyzed to extract the most useful features that are beneficial to all users. React Native and the Expo framework were used to develop the frontend part of the application. For the backend part, the application used microservice architecture with various cloud services, like Amazon AWS, Expo Server, and Firebase Cloud Messaging. In the end, the application was put through hand-on tests by 13 on-site personnel. The final results showed the average scores of the user interface, hands-on experience, and benefits for the users were 4, 4.16, and 3.92 (out of 5), respectively, in which the total satisfaction score is 4.03(out of 5). © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Construction

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Wastewater Surveillance for Xylazine in Kentucky

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AJPM Focus 2024年第3期3卷 100203-100203页

作者： Delcher, Chris Quesinberry, Dana Torabi, Soroosh Berry, Scott Keck, James W. Rani, Abhya Subedi, Bikram Institute for Pharmaceutical Outcomes and Policy College of Pharmacy University of Kentucky Lexington Kentucky United States Department of Health Management & Policy College of Public Health University of Kentucky Lexington Kentucky United States Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of Kentucky Lexington Kentucky United States Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Kentucky Lexington Kentucky United States Department of Family and Community Medicine University of Kentucky Lexington Kentucky United States Department of Chemistry Murray State University Murray Kentucky United States

Introduction: In the U.S., xylazine, the veterinary non-opioid sedative, has emerged as a major threat to people who use illicitly manufactured fentanyl and other drugs. The aim of this study was to compare wastewater detection of xylazine with other public health and safety surveillance data from 2019 to 2023 in Kentucky. Methods: Wastewater samples from 5 rest areas, 2 truck weigh stations, and 4 wastewater treatment plants were tested for xylazine. Wastewater xylazine positivity rates were compared with xylazine-positive submission rates from the National Forensic Laboratory Information System and Kentucky's fatal overdoses in 6-month periods (Period 1=January–June;Period 2=July–December). Results: Xylazine was detected in 61.6% (424 of 688) of daily wastewater samples from roadway sites/wastewater treatment plants. For roadways, detection increased from 55% (Period 1, 2021) to 94% (Period 1, 2023), and wastewater treatment plants had an overall detection of 25.8% (n=66 samples, Periods 1 and 2, 2022). Increasing roadway positivity corresponded to trends in National Forensic Laboratory Information System xylazine-positive submission rates: from 0.19 per 1,000 submissions (Period 1, 2019) to 2.9 per 1,000 (Period 2, 2022, latest available). No deaths from xylazine were reported publicly in Kentucky, although this study's authors identified 1–4 deaths (true count suppressed) in the overdose surveillance system, which, in back-of-the-envelope comparisons with other states, is far fewer than expected. Conclusions: Wastewater signals indicate broad geographic exposure to xylazine in Kentucky, yet health outcomes data suggest otherwise. These findings may inform regional, national, and international efforts to incorporate wastewater-based drug surveillance. Harm-reduction activities along roadways and other suitable locations may be needed. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： overdoses surveillance wastewater Xylazine

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Data-driven Tissue Mechanics with Polyconvex Neural Ordinary Differential Equations

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Tac, Vahidullah Costabal, Francisco S. Tepole, Adrian B. School of Mechanical Engineering Purdue University West LafayetteIN United States Department of Mechanical and Metallurgical Engineering School of Engineering Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering Schools of Engineering Medicine and Biological Sciences Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile Santiago Chile Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Purdue University West LafayetteIN United States

Data-driven methods are becoming an essential part of computational me-chanics due to their advantages over traditional material modeling. Deep neural networks are able to learn complex material response without the constraints of closed-form models. However, data-driven approaches do not a priori satisfy physics-based mathematical requirements such as polycon-vexity, a condition needed for the existence of minimizers for boundary value problems in elasticity. In this study, we use a novel class of neural networks, neural ordinary differential equations (N-ODEs), to develop data-driven ma-terial models that automatically satisfy polyconvexity of the strain energy. We take advantage of the properties of ordinary differential equations to cre-ate monotonic functions that approximate the derivatives of the strain energy with respect to deformation invariants. The monotonicity of the derivatives guarantees the convexity of the energy. The N-ODE material model is able to capture synthetic data generated from closed-form material models, and it outperforms conventional models when tested against experimental data on skin, a highly nonlinear and anisotropic material. We also showcase the use of the N-ODE material model in finite element simulations of reconstructive surgery. The framework is general and can be used to model a large class of materials, especially biological soft tissues. We therefore expect our method-ology to further enable data-driven methods in computational mechanics. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ordinary differential equations

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Bridging Large Eddy Simulation and Reduced Order Modeling of Convection-Dominated Flows through Spatial Filtering: Review and Perspectives

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Quaini, Annalisa San, Omer Veneziani, Alessandro Iliescu, Traian Department of Mathematics University of Houston 3551 Cullen Blvd HoustonTX77204 United States Department of Mechanical Aerospace and Biomedical Engineering University of Tennessee 1512 Middle Drive KnoxvilleTN37996 United States Department of Mathematics Department of Computer Science Emory University 400 Dowman Drive AtlantaGA30322 United States Department of Mathematics Virginia Tech 225 Stanger Street BlacksburgVA24061 United States

Reduced order models (ROMs) have achieved a lot of success in reducing the computational cost of traditional numerical methods across many disciplines. In fluid dynamics, ROMs have been successful in providing efficient and relatively accurate solutions for the numerical simulation of laminar flows. For convection-dominated (e.g., turbulent) flows, however, standard ROMs generally yield inaccurate results, usually affected by spurious oscillations. Thus, ROMs are usually equipped with numerical stabilization or closure models in order to account for the effect of the discarded modes. The literature on ROM closures and stabilizations is large and growing fast. In this paper, instead of reviewing all the ROM closures and stabilizations, we took a more modest step and focused on one particular type of ROM closures and stabilizations that are inspired by Large Eddy Simulation (LES), a classical strategy in Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). These ROMs, which we call LES-ROMs, are extremely easy to implement, very efficient, and accurate. Indeed, the LES-ROMs are modular and generally require minimal modifications to standard ("legacy") ROM formulations. Furthermore, the computational overhead of these modifications is minimal. Finally, carefully tuned LES-ROMs can accurately capture the average physical quantities of interest in challenging convection-dominated flows in science and engineering applications. LES-ROM are constructed by leveraging spatial filtering, which is the same principle used to build classical LES models. This ensures a modeling consistency between LES-ROMs and the approaches that generated the data used to train them. It also "bridges" two distinct research fields (LES and ROMs), that have been disconnected until now. This paper is a review of LES-ROMs. It starts with a description of a versatile LES strategy called evolve-filter-relax (EFR) that has been successfully used as a full order method for both incompressible and compressible convection-

关键词： Large eddy simulation

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Multimodal imaging of the mouse eye using visible light photoacoustic ophthalmoscopy and near-infrared-II optical coherence tomography

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Haindl, Richard Bellemo, Valentina Rajendran, Praveenbalaji Tan, Bingyao Liu, Mengyang Zhou, Qifa Leitgeb, Rainer A. Drexler, Wolfgang Schmetterer, Leopold Pramanik, Manojit School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Nanyang Technological University 62 Nanyang Drive Singapore Singapore Centre for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering Medical University of Vienna Währinger Gürtel 18-20/4L Vienna Austria Singapore Eye Research Institute Singapore National Eye Centre Singapore Singapore Program Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore Department of Radiation Oncology Stanford University StanfordCA94305 United States University of Southern California Department of Biomedical Engineering Los AngelesCA90033 United States Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program Duke-NUS Medical School National University of Singapore Singapore Department of Clinical Pharmacology Medical University Vienna Vienna Austria Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel Switzerland Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Iowa State University AmesIA50011 United States

Non-invasive imaging plays a crucial role in diagnosing and studying eye diseases. However, existing photoacoustic ophthalmoscopy (PAOM) techniques in mice have limitations due to handling restrictions, suboptimal optical properties, limited availability of light sources and permissible light fluence at the retina. This study introduces an innovative approach that utilizes Rose Bengal, a contrast agent, to enhance PAOM contrast. This enables visualization of deeper structures like the choroidal microvasculature and sclera in the mouse eye using visible light. The integration of near-infrared-II optical coherence tomography (NIR-II OCT) provides additional tissue contrast and insights into potential NIR-II PAOM capabilities. To optimize imaging, we developed a cost-effective 3D printable mouse eye phantom and a fully 3D printable tip/tilt mouse platform. This solution elevates PAOM to a user-friendly technology, which can be used to address pressing research questions concerning several ocular diseases such as myopia, glaucoma and/or age-related macular degeneration in the future. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Optical tomography

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Temperature-dependent thermophysical properties of CPAS and tissues relevant to cryobiology

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Cryobiology 2023年 113卷

作者： Lakshya Gangwar Prem K. Solanki Neil T. Wright Yoed Rabin John Bischof Jeunghwan Choi Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Minnesota Minneapolis USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Michigan State University East Lansing USA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Minnesota Minneapolis USA Department of Engineering Technologies Safety and Constructions Central Washington University Ellensburg USA

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