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2023 International Conference on Electrical, Computer, Communications and Mechatronics engineering, ICECCME 2023

作者： Manikandan, S. Prasad, A.S. Mukherjee, Biswarup Sridar, Pradeeba Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Centre for Biomedical Engineering Delhi India Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Department of Mechanical Engineering Delhi India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350322972

Intuitive control of multi articulated prosthetic devices remains a challenge due to inherent shortcomings in surface electromyography-based control modalities. As a result, sonomyography or ultrasound imaging-based methods of muscle activity sensing and control of bionics devices have emerged as an attractive alternative to traditional myoelectric control methodologies. However, most sonomyography-based techniques involve extraction and analysis of image features from B-mode ultrasound images to predict gestures. Additionally, ultrasound probe shift during the experiment has a detrimental effect on prediction accuracies. Therefore, to address these challenges we develop a deep-learning-based method to automatically identify four hand gestures: hand open, power grasp, index pointing, and tripod. Hand orientation variations were included by performing lateral and transverse hand movement, wrist supination, and pronation. We fine-tuned four deep-learning models (AlexNet, ResNet18, DarkNet19, and VGG16) using 4000 2D ultrasound images of forearm muscle deformation. Results show that a fine-tuned VGG16 outperformed other architectures by achieving 98.7 % cross-validation accuracy. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Gesture recognition

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Advanced tools and methods for single-cell surgery

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2022年第2期8卷 1-21页

作者： Adnan Shakoor Wendi Gao Libo Zhao Zhuangde Jiang Dong Sun Department of Biomedical Engineering City University of Hong KongHong KongChina State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement TechnologiesThe School of Mechanical EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina

Highly precise micromanipulation tools that can manipulate and interrogate cell organelles and components must be developed to support the rapid development of new cell-based medical therapies,thereby facilitating in-depth understanding of cell dynamics,cell component functions,and disease *** paper presents a literature review on micro/nanomanipulation tools and their control methods for single-cell *** methods specifically based on laser,microneedle,and untethered micro/nanotools are presented in *** limitations of these techniques are also *** biological significance and clinical applications of single-cell surgery are also addressed in this paper.

关键词： manipulation surgery needle

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Numerical Study of Temperature Distribution and CO2 Forming of Gaseous Tangential Firing Furnace with O2 Level Variations in Air Combustion 5th

Numerical Study of Temperature Distribution and CO2 Forming ...

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5th International Conference on mechanical engineering, ICOME 2021

作者： Indrawan, Muhammad Deni Sudarmanta, Bambang Setiyawan, Atok Graduate Program of Mechanical Engineering Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya60111 Indonesia Department of Mechanical Engineering Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya60111 Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9789811908668

Oxyfuel combustion is considered to be one of the most effective methods to improve thermal efficiency for high temperature processes such as boiler water of steam power plant. In the oxyfuel combustion, the combustion characteristics such as temperature and CO2 emission are largely influenced by the process parameters such as the mixing between fuel gas and oxygen and the nitrogen content in the oxidant and fuel. A numerical simulation of 200 MW gaseous tangential firing boiler with varying O2 content 25%, 30%, 35% is presented. Simulations demonstrate the characteristics of temperature distribution and CO2 form rate in the furnace. The results show that by increasing O2 percentage in air combustion there is an increase in temperature level and CO2 forms rate by 6.8% and 13.92% in Oxy25, 16.9% and 15.02% in Oxy30, and 19.14% and 15.72% in Oxy35 compared to airfuel combustion. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Temperature distribution

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An extensive critique of various modern optimization techniques for electric vehicles and their applications

An extensive critique of various modern optimization techniq...

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2025 IEEE International Students' Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Science, SCEECS 2025

作者： Sarathkumar, D. Arun Shunmugam, D. Maheswari, P. Sajin, J.B. Jayakumar, T. Manivel, Murugesan Bashkaran, K. Kongu Engineering College Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Tamil Nadu India Psr Engineering College Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Tamil Nadu Sivakasi626140 India Excel Engineering College Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Tamil Nadu 638052 India Sree Buddha College of Engineering Department of Mechanical Engineering Kerala Pattoor690 529 India Nandha Engineering College Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Tamil Nadu 638052 India Karpagam Institute of Technology Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Tamilnadu Coimbatore641021 India Kongunadu College of Engineering and Technology Department of Biomedical Engineering Tamil Nadu Thottiam621215 India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331529833

The rapid advancement of electric vehicles (EVs) has prompted significant research into optimizing their performance, efficiency, and integration into smart grid systems. This paper provides an extensive critique of modern optimization techniques applied to EVs, covering areas such as battery management, energy consumption, routing, and charging infrastructure. We analyze both traditional and emerging optimization methods, including heuristic algorithms, machine learning approaches, and hybrid techniques. The paper evaluates these methods in terms of computational efficiency, scalability, adaptability, and real-world applicability. Furthermore, we discuss the challenges and future directions for optimizing EVs in the context of evolving technologies and infrastructures. By synthesizing the latest research findings, this critique aims to offer a comprehensive understanding of the strengths and limitations of various optimization strategies, providing valuable insights for researchers, engineers, and policymakers involved in the development and deployment of electric vehicles. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Heuristic algorithms

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Performance Evaluation of Pangium edule Biodiesel Developed Using Palm Kernel Shell Heterogeneous Catalyst as Alternative Fuel in Multifunction Diesel Engine 1

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4th International Conference on Experimental and Computational Mechanics in engineering, ICECME 2022

作者： Rizal, Teuku Azuar Khairil Mahidin Husin, Husni Department of Mechanical Engineering Universitas Samudra Meurandeh Kota Langsa24416 Indonesia Department of Mechanical Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Darussalam Banda Aceh23111 Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Darussalam Banda Aceh23111 Indonesia Doctoral Program in Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Darussalam Banda Aceh23111 Indonesia

ISBN: (数字)9789819974955

ISBN: (纸本)9789819974948

The main idea of this article is to provide further knowledge related to the application of pure biodiesel in a custom power generator. Previous research has shown preliminary results regarding the potential of Pangium edule. Biodiesel as feedstock and has been tested to run a diesel engine with lower rotational speed. The biodiesel in this research has been prepared using a heterogeneous catalyst derived from a palm kernel shell impregnated with K2CO3. In this research, small alternator is driven by Yanmar TF65 R-DI multifunction diesel engine, which is easily assembled and has been utilized as a power generator to be evaluated. The engine was tested under various biodiesel blend with given load and connected to multiple instrument to record data required, i.e. engine speed (rpm), fuel flow (ml/sec), voltage (V), and current (A) readings. The data series then used to analyse the engine performances. The custom power generator has been designed to work at 5.5 kWh in prolonged operation time, suitable to supply typical household wattage in the region, ranging from 0.9 up to 3 kWh. The fuel mixtures containing 20% biodiesel, or B20, is still desirable to use in general multipurposes diesel engine. While B30 show similar potential but it does not show a similar performance as in higher rotational speed diesel power generator as demonstrated earlier. However, PE biodiesel still shows a promising performance as an alternative source of diesel engine fuel. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： Diesel engines

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Optically-generated focused ultrasound for noninvasive brain stimulation with ultrahigh precision

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第11期11卷 2817-2831页

作者： Yueming Li Ying Jiang Lu Lan Xiaowei Ge Ran Cheng Yuewei Zhan Guo Chen Linli Shi Runyu Wang Nan Zheng Chen Yang Ji-Xin Cheng Department of Mechanical Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Graduate Program for Neuroscience Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Chemistry Boston UniversitBostonMA 02215USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Division of Materials Science and Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Biological Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02142USA

High precision neuromodulation is a powerful tool to decipher neurocircuits and treat neurological *** non-invasive neuromodulation methods offer limited precision at the milimeter ***,we report opticallygenerated focused ultrasound(OFUS)for non-invasive brain stimulation with ultrahigh *** is generated by a soft optoacoustic pad(SOAP)fabricated through embedding candle soot nanoparticles in a curved polydimethylsiloxane *** generates a transcranial ultrasound focus at 15 MHz with an ultrahigh lateral resolution of 83μm,which is two orders of magnitude smaller than that of conventional transcranial-focused ultrasound(tFUS).Here,we show effective OFUS neurostimulation in vitro with a single ultrasound *** demonstrate submillimeter transcranial stimulation of the mouse motor cortex in *** acoustic energy of 0.6 mJ/cm?,four orders of magnitude less than that of tFUS,is suffcient for successful OFUS *** offers new capabilities for neuroscience studies and disease treatments by delivering a focus with ultrahigh precision noninvasively.

关键词： SOAP stimulation precision

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A novel machine learning-based shoulder exercise assistant program

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Discover Artificial Intelligence 2025年第1期5卷 1-21页

作者： Kwon, Hae-Jun Choi, Seoung-Ho Department of Mechanical & Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering Ewha Womans University 52 Ewhayeodae-gil Seodaemun-gu Seoul03760 Korea Republic of College of Liberal Arts Faculty of Basic Liberal Art Hansung University 116 Samseongyo-ro 16-gil Seongbuk-gu Seoul02876 Korea Republic of

As health awareness increases in modern society, interest in exercise is surging. In particular, as home training has become popular due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and shoulder injuries have become more frequent due to the increase in the aging population in Korea, there is a growing need for a system that can perform accurate exercises at home. We propose a real-time motion classification and feedback system that allows shoulder exercises to be monitored and evaluated at home. We implement a system that classifies shoulder exercise movements using annotated keypoint data (wrist, elbow, and shoulder) obtained through CVAT, and checks exercise accuracy in real time by training yolov5’s object detection model. The system utilizes six machine learning models: Random Forest Classifier, Logistic Regression Classifier, Gradient Boosting Classifier, Histogram-based Gradient Boosting Classifier, SVM Classifier, and Extra Trees Classifier, and utilizes cross-validation and sampling techniques. This enables the identification of critical features that contribute to successful exercise performance. The system also provides real-time feedback to the user to improve their behavior during exercise. This approach demonstrates the applicability of human posture estimation and motion classification in real-world settings and highlights the importance of keypoints in shoulder exercise performance for accurate feedback and instruction. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Importance sampling

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A Review on Corrosion in Concrete Structure: Inhibiting Admixtures and Their Compatibility in Concrete

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Journal of Bio- and Tribo-Corrosion 2022年第1期8卷 1-22页

作者： Agboola, Oluranti Kupolati, Kehinde Williams Fayomi, Ojo Sunday Isaac Ayeni, Augustine Omoniyi Ayodeji, Ayoola Akinmolayemi, Jemima Janet Olagoke, Oladokun Sadiku, Rotimi Oluwasegun, Kunle Micheal Department of Chemical Engineering Covenant University Ota Nigeria Department of Civil Engineering Tshwane University of Technology Pretoria South Africa Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering Bells University of Technology Ogun State Ota Nigeria Department of Chemical Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Tshwane University of Technology Pretoria South Africa Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering University of Manitoba MB Canada

The development in marine industry and its effort in building bridges has placed a huge demand on reliability and duration of service of reinforcing steel in concrete. Literature has documented several studies on corrosion of reinforcing steel in concrete induced via carbonation and chloride in marine milieus. Extension of concrete structures service life has been one of the foremost strong worries of the concrete industry, especially for marine industry. Hence, the necessity to employ a cost effect system for shielding the reinforced steel in concrete from corrosion. Studies have shown that one prospective solution in combating corrosion deterioration in reinforced steel in concrete structures is the introduction of corrosion-inhibiting admixtures into concrete. This review discussed at length corrosion in reinforced concrete and corrosion inhibitors in relation to concrete together with the classification of inhibitors based on the method of applications. This review further reports corrosion-inhibiting admixtures in concrete. As a result, the aspects of corrosion inhibitors this manuscript reviewed are corrosion inhibitors employed as admixtures in concrete for new construction in the marine industry. Furthermore, corrosion inhibitors are employed for repairs and maintenances admixed with concrete for patches on marine structures, squirted onto the surface of the concrete or put on the concrete surface via saturation treatment. As a result of the excellent properties of functional nanostructured materials, the advancement in the implementation of functional materials in inhibiting admixtures in concrete is fast growing in marine industry. Hence, the Integration of functional materials in inhibiting admixture and their compatibility were reviewed. The significance of inhibitors employed as admixtures in concrete for practical applications of corrosion are the suppression or mitigation of corrosion process of metals used in marine industry and the patches of alread

关键词： Reinforced concrete

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Electrocatalysis for sustainable nitrogen management: materials innovation for sensing, removal and upcycling technologies

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第6期 2322-2342页

作者： Mei Yi Hongmei Li Minghao Xie Panpan Li Zhaoyu Jin Guihua Yu Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of China College of Materials Science and Engineering and College of Chemistry Sichuan University Materials Science and Engineering Program and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin

The global nitrogen cycle holds immense importance due to its crucial role in supporting life, supplying vital nutrients for plant growth, preserving environmental balance, and enabling the proper functioning of ecosystems. However, human activities frequently disrupt this cycle, leading to the accumulation of nitrates and nitrites in water bodies. This accumulation causes environmental pollution and health risks. Traditional methods for treating nitrogen pollution, including biological, physical, and chemical approaches, have inherent limitations. In recent years, electrocatalysis has emerged as a promising and sustainable approach for nitrogen management. This technology offers superior efficiency, high selectivity, and environmental *** not only enables accurate detection of nitrogen pollutants in the environment but also facilitates their conversion into harmless nitrogen gas. Moreover, recent advancements have focused on the upcycling of nitrogen pollutants into valuable compounds,such as ammonia and urea. In this comprehensive review, we showcase the applications of electrocatalysis in sustainable nitrogen management. Specifically, we highlight its use in the sensing, removal, and upcycling of major nitrogen pollutants,including nitrate（NO3-）, nitrite（NO2-）, and nitric oxide（NO）. We discuss the use of catalysts, such as Pd alloys, Cu-based, and Fe-based materials, in electrochemical sensing and catalysis. Additionally, we explore recent advancements in the conversion of nitrogen pollutants into valuable compounds like ammonia and urea. The review also addresses current challenges and future opportunities in the field, including innovations in sensor and catalyst design, as well as large-scale treatment strategies. We anticipate that these perspectives will provide profound insights for effective nitrogen pollution control and sustainable utilization of nitrogen resources.

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Wear and friction analysis of bio-ceramic cordierite system as orthopedic material

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2022年 60卷 1934-1941页

作者： Hasan Basheet, Mohammad Kareem Farhan, Fadhil Abed, Abdulrahman N. Biomedical Engineering Department Engineering College Al-Nahrain University Jadriah Baghdad Iraq Department of Medical Physics College of Science The University of Karkh for Science Baghdad Iraq Mechanical Engineering Department. Engineering College Al-Nahrain University Baghdad Iraq

Wear affects the performance and lifetime of implants, and it is a major cause of primary failure in artificial hip joints. The aim of this research is to examine and determine wear in ceramic-on-ceramic hip implants. The cordierite system was used to create the composite ceramic materials, which were synthesized via the coprecipitation technique. The AMTI Orth-POD machine has been used for testing 5 systems for pin on disc wear. The dry and wet wear tests were carried out in physiologically relevant conditions. After 5,000 cycles of sliding velocity 81.4487 mm/s, normal load 50 N, and circular wear paths, gravimetric analysis was utilized to describe wear. The simulated body fluid functions as lubricants, and the results show that the coefficient of friction decreases when the alumina concentration increases. © 2022

关键词： Wear of materials

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