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Mesenchymal stromal cell exosomes enhance dental pulp cell functions and promote pulp-dentin regeneration

Biomaterials and Biosystems 2023年 11卷

作者： Shi, Jiajun Teo, Kristeen Ye Wen Zhang, Shipin Lai, Ruenn Chai Rosa, Vinicius Tong, Huei Jinn Duggal, Mandeep S. Lim, Sai Kiang Toh, Wei Seong Faculty of Dentistry National University of Singapore Singapore Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology Agency for Science Technology and Research Singapore Oral Care Health Innovations and Designs Singapore National University of Singapore Singapore College of Dental Medicine QU Health Qatar University Qatar Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore Department of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Tissue Engineering Program Life Sciences Institute National University of Singapore Singapore Integrative Sciences and Engineering Program NUS Graduate School National University of Singapore Singapore

Mesenchymal stromal/stem cell (MSC) therapies are currently being explored for dental pulp regeneration. As the therapeutic effects of MSCs in tissue repair are mediated mainly through the release of extracellular vesicles (EVs) including exosomes, we investigated here the cellular processes and molecular mechanisms modulated by MSC exosomes in dental pulp regeneration. Using dental pulp cell (DPC) cultures, we demonstrated that MSC exosomes could increase DPC migration, proliferation, and odontogenic differentiation. The enhancement of these cellular processes was mediated through exosomal CD73-mediated adenosine receptor activation of AKT and ERK signaling. Consistent with these observations, MSC exosomes increased the expression of dentin matrix proteins and promoted the formation of dentin-like tissue and bridge-like structures in a rat pulp defect model. These effects were comparable to that of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) treatment. MSC exosomes also yielded recellularized pulp-dentin tissues in the root canal of endodontically-treated human premolars, following subcutaneous implantation in the mouse dorsum. Together, our findings suggest that MSC exosomes could exert a multi-faceted effect on DPC functions including migration, proliferation and odontogenic differentiation to promote dental pulp regeneration. This study provides the basis for development of MSC exosomes as a cell-free MSC therapeutic alternative for pulp-dentin regeneration. © 2023

关键词： Dental pulp Exosomes Extracellular vesicles Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells Regeneration

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CNC MACHINING AND METROLOGY TRAINING: ACE program UPDATE 36

CNC MACHINING AND METROLOGY TRAINING: ACE PROGRAM UPDATE

引用

36th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Precision engineering, ASPE 2021

作者： Schmitz, Tony Cornelius, Aaron Dvorak, Jake Nazario, Jose Betters, Emma Smith, Scott Blue, Craig Harmon, Joannie Morrison, Mark Blevins, Tyler Hopkins, John Department of Mechanical Aerospace and Biomedical Engineering University of Tennessee Knoxville KnoxvilleTN37996 United States Manufacturing Science Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN37830 United States IACMI – The Composites Institute KnoxvilleTN37932 United States

This paper provides an update on the workforce development activities supported by America’s Cutting Edge (ACE), a national initiative for machine tool technology development and advancement. ACE is supported by the department of Defense Industrial Base Analysis and Sustainment program from the Office of Industrial Policy. Both the online and in-person components of the computer numerically controlled machining and metrology training programs are summarized and participation information is provided. © 2021 Proceedings - 36th ASPE Annual Meeting. All rights reserved.

关键词： Personnel

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A high resolution capacitive MEMS force sensor with novel bionic swallow comb arrays for multiphysics measurement

TechRxiv

引用

TechRxiv 2022年

作者： Gao, Wendi Liu, Cunlang Zhao, Libo Lin, Qijing Jiang, Zhuangde Sun, Dong Research Institute for Intelligent Sensing Technology and System School of Mechanical Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an China The Department of Biomedical Engineering City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong International Joint Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technologies Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an China

Precise force sensing is essential for the mechanical characterization and robotic micromanipulation of biological targets. In this work, a high-resolution MEMS capacitive force sensor was proposed for measuring ultralow multiphysics. A bionic swallow structure that contained multiple feathered comb arrays was designed for reducing chip dimension and eliminating undesirable mechanical cross-coupling effect. The comb structure was optimized for maximum sensitivity, linearity, and compact chip size. Utilizing a novel interconnection configuration, interferences derived from parasitic capacitance and electrostatic forces exerted negligible effects on the sensor output. The proposed bionic force sensor was fabricated following a simple three-mask process and integrated with ASIC readouts. Its measuring sensitivity was 7.151 fF/nm, 0.529 aF/nN, and 4.247 pF/g for displacement, force, and inclination measurements, respectively. The proposed sensor had a large measurement range of 1000.00 nm and 13.83 µN with a high linearity of 0.9998. The 1-σ resolution was 0.0328 nm and 0.4436 nN, and the noise floor resolution was 0.0044 nm √Hz and 0.0597 nN/ √Hz for displacement and force measurements, respectively. The bias stability of Allan deviance was 0.0050 nm and 0.0678 nN at an integration time of 0.65 s. The proposed bionic swallow sensor exhibited considerable improvement over existing capacitive sensors and feasibility for ultralow multiphysics measurement in biomedical applications. © 2022, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Capacitive sensors

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Myocardial transcriptomic and proteomic landscapes across the menopausal continuum in a murine model of chemically induced accelerated ovarian failure

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Physiological Genomics 2025年第7期57卷 409-430页

作者： Lopez-Pier, Marissa A. Marino, Vito A. Vazquez-Loreto, Andrea C. Skaria, Rinku S. Cannon, Danielle K. Hoyer-Kimura, Christina H. Solomon, Alice E. Lipovka, Yulia Doubleday, Kevin Pier, Maricela Chu, Meinsung Mayfield, Rachel Behunin, Samantha M. Hu, Tianjing Langlais, Paul R. McKinsey, Timothy A. Konhilas, John P. Department of Physiology University of Arizona Tucson AZ United States Sarver Molecular Cardiovascular Research Program University of Arizona Tucson AZ United States Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Arizona Tucson AZ United States Department of Endocrinology University of Arizona Tucson AZ United States College of Medicine University of Arizona Tucson AZ United States Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine University of Arizona Tucson AZ United States Department of Chemistry-Biology University of Sonora Hermosillo Mexico Division of Cardiology and Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation Department of Medicine University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora CO United States

Risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in women increases with the menopausal transition. Using a chemical model (4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide;VCD) of accelerated ovarian failure, we previously demonstrated that menopausal females are more susceptible to CVD compared with peri-or premenopausal females like humans. Yet, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying this shift in CVD susceptibility across the pre-to peri-to menopause continuum remain understudied. In this work using the VCD mouse model, we phenotyped cellular and molecular signatures from hearts at each hormonally distinct stage that included transcriptomic, proteomic, and cell biological analyses. The transcriptional profile of premenopausal hearts clustered separately from perimenopausal and menopausal hearts, which clustered more similarly. Proteomics also revealed hormonal clustering;perimenopausal hearts grouped more closely with premenopausal than menopausal hearts. Both proteomes and transcriptomes showed similar trends in genes associated with atherothrombosis, contractility, and impaired nuclear signaling between pre-, peri-, and menopausal murine hearts. Further analysis of posttranslational modifications (PTMs) showed hormone-dependent shifts in the phosphoproteome and acetylome. To further interro-gate these findings, we triggered pathological remodeling using angiotensin II (Ang II). Phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling and histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity were found to be dependent on hormonal status and Ang II stimulation. Finally, knockdown of anti-inflammatory regulatory T cells (Treg) exacerbated Ang II-dependent fibrosis implicating HDAC-mediated epi-genetic suppression of Treg activity. Taken together, we demonstrated unique cellular and molecular profiles underlying the cardiac phenotype of pre-, peri-, and menopausal mice supporting the necessity to study CVD in females across the hormonal transition. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Cycling and perimenopausal fem

关键词： 4-vinylcyclohexenediepoxide AMP-activated protein kinase heart disease menopause proteomics

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Mechanistic Modeling of Copper Corrosions in Datacenter Environments

SSRN

引用

SSRN 2023年

作者： Zhang, Rui Zhang, Jianshun Schmidt, Roger Gilbert, Jeremy L. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering College of Engineering and Computer Science Syracuse University 263 Link Hall SyracuseNY13244 United States Buildings and Transportation Science Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN37830 United States SyracuseCoE New York Center of Excellence in Environmental and Energy Systems Syracuse University 727 E. Washington Street SyracuseNY13244 United States Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering College of Engineering and Computer Science Syracuse University 212 Link Hall SyracuseNY13244 United States Department of Bioengineering Clemson University Clemson United States Medical University of South Carolina Bioengineering Program CharlestonSC29425 United States

To evaluate the reliability of information technology equipment under various thermal and air-pollution conditions, a mechanistic model based on multi-ion transport and chemical reactions was developed. The model was used to predict Cu corrosion caused by Cl2-containing pollutant mixtures. It also accounted for the effects of temperature (25°C and 28°C), relative humidity (50%, 75%, and 95%), and synergism. It also identified higher air temperature as a corrosion barrier and higher relative humidity as a corrosion accelerator, which agreed well with the experimental results. The average root mean square error of the prediction was 13.7 Å. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Copper corrosion

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Vibration analysis in robot-driven glenoid reaming procedure

Vibration analysis in robot-driven glenoid reaming procedure

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2020 IEEE/ASME International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics, AIM 2020

作者： Faieghi, Mohammadreza Atashzar, S. Farokh Sharma, Mayank Tutunea-Fatan, O. Remus Eagleson, Roy Ferreira, Louis M. School of Biomedical Engineering Western University Canada Toronto Rehabilitation Institute University Health Network TorontoON Canada Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering New York University United States NYU WIRELESS Center United States Western University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering LondonON Canada Western University Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering LondonON Canada Roth McFarlane Hand and Upper Limb Centre LondonON Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781728167947

Glenoid reaming is a challenging bone machining operation performed in shoulder joint replacement surgery and represents a suitable target for further developments in haptic surgery simulation. Tool vibration is an important mode of feedback for surgeons to perform glenoid reaming, and thus it is quintessential to be included in virtual replications of this operation. However, there is currently little known about the characteristics of vibrations in glenoid reaming and how it can be reproduced in haptic simulations. To address this, the current study presents an empirical investigation of glenoid reaming vibrations using robot-driven experiments on human cadaveric glenoids. Time- and frequency-domain characteristics of vibration signals obtained from the experiments are analyzed. The power of the vibration signals are predicted as a function of feed force and bone density and the dominant frequencies are identified. The obtained results serve as an important step towards the development of haptic simulators for upper limb orthopedic procedures. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Frequency domain analysis

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Learning towards Synchronous Network Memorizability and Generalizability for Continual Segmentation across Multiple Sites

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2022年

作者： Zhang, Jingyang Xue, Peng Gu, Ran Gu, Yuning Liu, Mianxin Pan, Yongsheng Cui, Zhiming Huang, Jiawei Ma, Lei Shen, Dinggang School of Biomedical Engineering ShanghaiTech University Shanghai China School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China Department of Computer Science The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Shanghai United Imaging Intelligence Co. Ltd. Shanghai China

In clinical practice, a segmentation network is often required to continually learn on a sequential data stream from multiple sites rather than a consolidated set, due to the storage cost and privacy restriction. However, during the continual learning process, existing methods are usually restricted in either network memorizability on previous sites or generalizability on unseen sites. This paper aims to tackle the challenging problem of Synchronous Memorizability and Generalizability (SMG) and to simultaneously improve performance on both previous and unseen sites, with a novel proposed SMG-learning framework. First, we propose a Synchronous Gradient Alignment (SGA) objective, which not only promotes the network memorizability by enforcing coordinated optimization for a small exemplar set from previous sites (called replay buffer), but also enhances the generalizability by facilitating site-invariance under simulated domain shift. Second, to simplify the optimization of SGA objective, we design a Dual-Meta algorithm that approximates the SGA objective as dual meta-objectives for optimization without expensive computation overhead. Third, for efficient rehearsal, we configure the replay buffer comprehensively considering additional inter-site diversity to reduce redundancy. Experiments on prostate MRI data sequentially acquired from six institutes demonstrate that our method can simultaneously achieve higher memorizability and generalizability over state-of-the-art methods. Code is available at https://***/jingyzhang/SMG-Learning. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Digital storage

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Energy calibration of GTM on ground

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Huang, Chien-You Chang, Hsiang-Kuang Lin, Chih-Hsun Tsao, Che-Chih Hu, Chin-Ping Chang, Hao-Min Chen, Yan-Fu Feng, An-Hsuan Huang, Yi-Wen Lin, Tzu-Hsuan Tsao, Yi-Ning Wu, Chih-En Wu, Chun-Wei Department of Physics National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu300044 Taiwan Institute of Astronomy National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu300044 Taiwan Institute of Space Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu300044 Taiwan Institute of Physics Academia Sinica Taipei115201 Taiwan Department of Power Mechanical Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu300044 Taiwan Department of Physics National Changhua University of Education Changhua500207 Taiwan Arete Honors Program National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu300093 Taiwan

The Gamma-ray Transients Monitor (GTM) on board the Formosat-8B (FS-8B) satellite is designed to detect and localize Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs). By utilizing 2+2 CITIROC chips to manipulate 4+4 detectors, which are composed of GAGG(Ce) scintillators coupled with Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs) and oriented in various directions to achieve all-sky coverage, the GRB saturation fluences of GTM in the 50 keV to 1 MeV range for Short GRBs (SGRBs) and Long GRBs (LGRBs) were estimated to be about 3.1 × 10−4 and 5.0 × 10−3 erg/cm2, respectively, based on simulations. To precisely interpret the GTM readout signal in terms of energy, several measurements for isotope and gain calibration were conducted. Despite encountering issues with crosstalk and SiPM saturation effect in the data, the energy spectrum can still be recovered by appropriately discarding channel noise and mapping with the correct ADC-to-energy relation. This paper summarizes the energy resolution of GTM and the linear variations in the relationship between photon energy and readout signal. At 662 keV, the energy resolution is about 16 %. Also, it demonstrates that greater gain is achieved by increasing voltage or decreasing temperature. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Gamma rays

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Hairpin RF Resonators for Transceiver Arrays with High Inter-channel Isolation and B1 Efficiency at Ultrahigh Field 7T MR Imaging

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2022年

作者： Payne, Komlan Ying, Leslie L. Zhang, Xiaoliang Department of Biomedical Engineering State University of New York at Buffalo BuffaloNY14260 United States Department of Electrical Engineering State University of New York at Buffalo BuffaloNY14260 United States Univerity of California Berkeley UCSF Joint Bioengineering Program San FranciscoCA94158 United States

Electromagnetic decoupling among a close-fitting or high-density transceiver RF array elements is required to maintain the integrity of the magnetic flux density from individual channel for enhanced performance in detection sensitivity and parallel imaging. High-impedance RF coils have demonstrated to be a prominent design method to circumvent these coupling issues. Yet, inherent characteristics of these coils have ramification on the B1 field efficiency and SNR. In this work, we propose a hairpin high impedance RF resonator design for highly decoupled multichannel transceiver arrays at ultrahigh magnetic fields. Due to the high impedance property of the hairpin resonators, the proposed transceiver array can provide high decoupling performance without using any dedicated decoupling circuit among the resonant elements. Because of elimination of lumped inductors in the resonator circuit, higher B1 field efficiency in imaging subjects can be expected. In order to validate the feasibility of the proposed hairpin RF coils, systematical studies on decoupling performance, field distribution, and SNR are performed, and the results are compared with those obtained from existing high-impedance RF coil, e.g., "self-decoupled RF coil". To further investigate its performance, an 8-channel head coil array using the proposed hairpin resonators loaded with a cylindrical phantom is designed, demonstrating a 19 % increase of the B1+ field intensity compared to the self-decoupled coils at 7T. Furthermore, the characteristics of the hairpin RF coils are evaluated using a more realistic human head voxel model numerically. The proposed hairpin RF coil provides excellent decoupling performance and superior RF magnetic field efficiency compared to the "self-decoupled" high impedance coils. Bench test of a pair of fabricated hairpin coils prove to be in good accordance with numerical results. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging

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Use of High-Rate Ventilation Results in Enhanced Recellularization of Bioengineered Lung Scaffolds

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Tissue engineering - Part C: Methods 2021年第12期27卷 661-671页

作者： Ahmadipour, MohammadAli Taniguchi, Daisuke Duchesneau, Pascal Aoki, Fabio Gava Phillips, Gregory Sinderby, Christer Waddell, Thomas K. Karoubi, Golnaz Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories Division of Thoracic Surgery University Health Network TorontoON Canada Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering University of Toronto TorontoON Canada Federal University of São Paulo São José Dos Campos São Paulo Brazil Faculty of Design Ocad University TorontoON Canada Department of Medicine and Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine University of Toronto TorontoON Canada Department of Critical Care Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital St. Michael's Hospital TorontoON Canada Ryerson University and St-Michael's Hospital TorontoON Canada Institute of Medical Science And University of Toronto TorontoON Canada Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Toronto TorontoON Canada Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology TorontoON Canada

While transplantation is a viable treatment option for end-stage lung diseases, this option is highly constrained by the availability of organs and postoperative complications. A potential solution is the use of bioengineered lungs generated from repopulated acellular scaffolds. Effective recellularization, however, remains a challenge. In this proof-of-concept study, mice lung scaffolds were decellurized and recellurized using human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS2B). We present a novel liquid ventilation protocol enabling control over tidal volume and high rates of ventilation. The use of a physiological tidal volume (300 μL) for mice and a higher ventilation rate (40 breaths per minute vs. 1 breath per minute) resulted in higher cell numbers and enhanced cell surface coverage in mouse lung scaffolds as determined via histological evaluation, genomic polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis, and immunohistochemistry. A biomimetic lung bioreactor system was designed to include the new ventilation protocol and allow for simultaneous vascular perfusion. We compared the lungs cultured in our dual system to lungs cultured with a bioreactor allowing vascular perfusion only and showed that our system significantly enhances cell numbers and surface coverage. In summary, our results demonstrate the importance of the physical environment and forces for lung recellularization. New bioreactor systems are required to further enhance the regeneration process of bioengineered lungs. This proof-of-concept study describes a novel ventilation protocol that allows for control over ventilation parameters such as rate and tidal volume. Our data show that a higher rate of ventilation is correlated with higher cell numbers and increased surface coverage. We designed a new biomimetic bioreactor system that allows for ventilation and simultaneous perfusion. Compared to a traditional perfusion only system, recellularization was enhanced in lungs recellularized with our new biomimetic bior

关键词： Cytology

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