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Using range of motion to examine the effects of deep brain stimulation on gait function of Parkinson’s disease patients with freezing of gait: a proof-of-concept study

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Journal of Biomechanical Science and engineering 2021年第2期16卷 1-11页

作者： Nien, Ching Chen, Kai-Hsiang Wu, Yi-Ning Chuang, Shueh-Lin Yang, Bing-Shiang Department of Mechanical Engineering National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu30010 Taiwan Department of Neurology National Taiwan University Hospital Hsinchu Branch Hsinchu30059 Taiwan Department of Physical Therapy and Kinesiology University of Massachusetts Lowell LowellMA018514 United States Institute of Biomedical Engineering National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu30010 Taiwan Graduate Degree Program of Robotics National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu30010 Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu30010 Taiwan

The purpose of this study was to develop quantitative parameters using range of motion (ROM) of shanks, thighs and knees to evaluate the effect of deep brain stimulation (DBS) on gait performance and freezing of gait (FOG) of patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease (PD). Three patients with FOG due to advanced Parkinson’s disease who has received DBS were recruited. The recruited subjects were instructed to walk on a 100-meter path in three conditions: 60 Hz DBS (60 Hz), 130 Hz DBS (130 Hz) and no DBS (Off). Five inertial measurement unit sensors were attached to subjects’ sacrum, bilateral shanks and thighs respectively. Quantified parameters included (1) spatial parameters: shanks, thighs and knees ROM;(2) temporal parameters: stride time, stance time duration and double support time percentage;(3) FOG severity: the percentage of FOG duration during path walking. Three subjects’ ROM of right shank significantly increased in 60 Hz,130 Hz and Off order. Compared to 130 Hz, right shank ROM of subjects S1, S2 and S3 significantly increased 13.2%, 99.6% and 6.1% in 60 Hz, respectively. In temporal parameters results, only double support time percentage was significantly different between 60 Hz and 130 Hz in all three subjects. When compared to 130 Hz, the double support time percentage of S1 and S2 significantly decreased 6.3% and 18.4% in 60 Hz, and that of S3 significantly increased 4.4%. ROM of right shank and FOG severity were highly correlated (R2 = 0.71). Shank ROM could represent subjects’ gait performance under different stimulation conditions. Shank ROM could be treated as a reference for clinicians to evaluate gait performance and severity of FOG immediately when DBS frequency is adjusted. This study demonstrated the potential of using objective parameters to optimize the DBS through assessing the gait performance changes in the clinic. © 2021 The Japan Society of mechanical Engineers

关键词： Freezing

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Effect of PDI on the bacterial behavior of clinically important Gram negatives

Effect of PDI on the bacterial behavior of clinically import...

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Latin America Optics and Photonics Conference, LAOP 2022

作者： Vieira, R.L. Machado, J.S. Corrêa, T.Q. Blanco, K.C. Bagnato, V.S. Biotechnology Graduate Program Federal University of São Carlos SP - Rod. Washington Luiz Monjolinho SP São Carlos13565-905 Brazil São Carlos Institute of Physics University of São Paulo PO Box 369 SP São Carlos13560-970 Brazil Department of Biomedical Engineering Texas A&M University College StationTX77843 United States

Photodynamic inactivation with a subdose of light and curcumin as a photosensitizer causes effects on the bacterial behavior of important pathogenic Gram negatives, which may receive antibiotic resistance genes, becom... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171135

关键词： Photosensitizers

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Electronic and Optical Excitations in van der Waals Materials from a Non-Empirical Wannier-Localized Optimally-Tuned Screened Range-Separated Hybrid Functional

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Camarasa-Gómez, María Gant, Stephen E. Ohad, Guy Neaton, Jeffrey B. Ramasubramaniam, Ashwin Kronik, Leeor Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovoth7610001 Israel Department of Physics University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94720 United States Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute at Berkeley University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Massachusetts Amherst AmherstMA01003 United States Materials Science and Engineering Graduate Program University of Massachusetts AmherstMA01003 United States

Accurate prediction of electronic and optical excitations in van der Waals (vdW) materials is a long-standing challenge for density functional theory. The recently proposed Wannier-localized optimally-tuned screened range-separated hybrid (WOT-SRSH) functional has proven successful in non-empirical determination of electronic band gaps and optical absorption spectra for various covalent and ionic crystals. However, for vdW materials the tuning of the material- and structure-dependent functional parameters has, until now, only been attained semi-empirically. Here, we present a non-empirical WOT-SRSH approach applicable to vdW materials, with the optimal functional parameters transferable between monolayer and bulk. We apply this methodology to prototypical vdW materials: black phosphrous, moldybdenum disulfide, and hexagonal boron nitride (in the latter case including zero-point renormalization). We show that the WOT-SRSH approach consistently achieves accuracy levels comparable to experiments and ab initio many-body perturbation theory (MBPT) calculations for band structures and optical absorption spectra, both on its own and as an optimal starting point for MBPT calculations. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Energy gap

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Reflecting on Impacts of COVID19 on Sustainable Buildings and Cities

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Journal of engineering for Sustainable Buildings and Cities 2021年第1期2卷 010201页

作者： González, Jorge E. Krarti, Moncef The City College of New York Department of Mechanical Engineering New York NY 10031 Building Systems Program University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO 80309

The pandemic of Coronavirus Disease or COVID19 has disrupted all aspects of our lives in many ways since it was first detected in the early part of the year 2020; personal and professional lives were impacted including workplaces, learning environments, businesses, commerce, and industry. The global toll of impacted people has been higher than many anticipated, with more than 100 M confirmed infections as of this issue and more than 2.5 M of confirmed casualties [1]. To a large degree, buildings are at the center of the pandemic in terms of spread and its control. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2) virus spreads rapidly from person to person as the main contamination source presenting major challenges for human socializations and interactions, which occur mostly in indoor environments. Thus, indoor environments are a potential opportunity to reduce infection or to increase...

关键词： Pandemics HVAC equipment Structures Air pollution Climate change Green buildings

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Wavelength-switchable fiber Bragg grating ring laser based on temperature-insensitive spectral polarization-dependent loss element

Wavelength-switchable fiber Bragg grating ring laser based o...

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Applied Industrial Optics: Spectroscopy, Imaging and Metrology, AIO 2019

作者： Kim, Min Seok Kim, Jihoon Lee, Seul-Lee Choi, Sungwook Kim, Do Kyung Lee, Yong Wook Interdisciplinary Program of Biomedical Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Pukyong National University 45 Yongso-ro Nam-gu Busan48513 Korea Republic of School of Electrical Engineering Pukyong National University 45 Yongso-ro Nam-gu Busan48513 Korea Republic of

We propose a wavelength-switchable fiber Bragg grating ring laser based on a temperature-insensitive spectral polarization-dependent loss element realized by inscribing a long-period fiber grating on polarization-main... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781943580651

关键词： Ring lasers

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Compatibility of Tio2 Reflective Material with Ce:Gagg Scintillators in Harsh Environments

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Park, Chansun Elmughrabi, Abdallah Melis, Alima Cho, Shinhaeng Kim, Sangsu Yeom, Jung-Yeol Global Health Technology Research Center Korea University Seoul02841 Korea Republic of Department of Bioengineering Korea University Seoul02841 Korea Republic of Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health Korea University Seoul02841 Korea Republic of Department of Radiation Oncology Chonnam National University Medical School Gwangju61469 Korea Republic of School of Biomedical Engineering Korea University Seoul02841 Korea Republic of

In this study, we developed Ce:GAGG ceramic scintillators (containing 5 × 5 × 2 mm3 Ce:GAGG single crystals) encapsulated by different light reflectors, namely, Teflon (400 μm), enhanced specular reflector (ESR) film (65 μm), and a titanium dioxide (TiO2) reflector with different thicknesses and measured their γ-ray spectra under irradiation by a 137Cs radioactive source. The reflectance of a 100-µm-thick (optimal thickness) TiO2 layer surpassed those of the other two counterparts and resulted in a high light-collection efficiency. In order to assess the temperature dependence of the reflectors, samples were heated up to 300 °C in air. The measured reflectance decreased with the increasing temperature, and the color of the reflector’s surface changed. The observed variations in the surface morphology, measured by scanning electron microscopy, corresponded to the determined reflectance of the TiO2 layer. Upon heating above 200 °C in air, the TiO2 layer decomposed into other oxides, with a simultaneous increase in its surface porosity. On the other hand, Ce:GAGG single crystal sample heated at 300 °C in vacuum showed only a negligible color variation, retained 80.3% of their initial reflectance, and exhibited an energy resolution of 12.8%. This implies that oxidation may be the cause of performance degradation, and a passivation layer may allow the use of reflectors at high temperatures. This was verified when a TiO2 layer covered with a heat-resistant epoxy exhibited comparable performance by isolating the reflecting from the air. The results obtained in this study suggest that a TiO2 layer can be used as a long-wavelength reflector in oxide and other types of scintillators for efficient radiation detection in harsh environments, including air-free environments, such as in aerospace, under vacuum conditions or when used in conjunction with a protective passivation layer. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Titanium dioxide

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Uniform Snse Nanosheets on 3d Graphene Host Enabling a Dual-Nucleation-Site Interface for Dendrite-Free Sodium Metal Batteries

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Luo, Zhengtang Xu, Mengyang Liu, Zhenjing Li, Yang Mubarak, Nauman Wong, Hoilun Tamtaji, Mohsen Zhao, Yunhe Li, Yuyin Wang, Jun You, Jiawen Liu, Hongwei Cai, Yuting Zhang, Kenan Xu, Feng Amine, Khalil Kim, Jang-Kyo Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology William Mong Institute of Nano Science and Technology Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon999077 Hong Kong Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon999077 Hong Kong The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education School of Life Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'An710049 China Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'An710049 China Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division Argonne National Laboratory 9700 South Cass Avenue LemontIL60439 United States Materials Science and Engineering Stanford University StanfordCA94305 United States School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering University of New South Wales SydneyNSW2052 Australia

The practical application of naturally abundant sodium (Na) metal anodes with high energy densities is hindered by large volume expansion and dendrite formation during battery operation. This work reports the synthesis of tin selenide nanosheets uniformly grown on highly conductive, porous 3D graphene foam (SnSe@GF) as a stable host for Na metal anodes and the underlying conversion reactions as their energy storage mechanism. The SnSe@GF electrode prepared via hydrogel coating and phase transformation sustains remarkable reversibility after 1500 cycles in asymmetric cells and delivers extraordinary cyclic stability and low overpotentials for 2000 hours at 1 mA cm-2 and 1 mAh cm-2 in symmetric cells. The conversion of crystalline SnSe into low-crystallinity Na15Sn4 and Na2Se dual nucleation sites after pre-sodiation is responsible for the outstanding performance according to the in-situ microscopy and density functional theory calculations. The conversion enables the in-situ formation of a unique interface that possesses high Na affinity featured by abundant active sites, contributing to uniform Na nucleation/plating and dendrite suppression, thus give rising to superior stability and electrochemical performance of the SnSe@GF electrode. The rational design of the current 3D architecture can shed new insights into the development of Na hosts for next-generation rechargeable batteries. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nucleation

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SPH modelling of tsunami wave impact on low-rise structures

SPH modelling of tsunami wave impact on low-rise structures

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2020 Virtual International Conference on Coastal engineering, vICCE 2020

作者： Pringgana, Gede Cunningham, Lee S. Rogers, Benedict D. Civil Engineering Study Program Faculty of Engineering Udayana University Jalan Kampus Bukit Jimbaran Badung80361 Indonesia Department of Mechanical Aerospace and Civil Engineering The University of Manchester ManchesterM13 9PL United Kingdom

This study examines the influence of low-rise structure orientations on tsunami-induced impact force. The particular focus is on low-rise structures since these often make up the majority of building stock in tsunami prone areas and are usually most vulnerable. The meshless method smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) is used for simulating the tsunami flow. Multiple cube structures named A, B and C were arranged at different angles of rotation and were situated on a flat shore. Four cases were simulated with variation on the number of structures and orientation toward the tsunami direction. Case 1 comprises a single structure (SS) C without rotation (R=0°) and used as the baseline, Case 2 contains multiple structures (MS) A, B and C without rotation (R=0°), Case 3 includes multiple structures (MS) A, B and C with 30° rotation (R=30°), and Case 4 consist of multiple structures (MS) A, B and C with 45° rotation (R=45°). The simulations show that for a 2-solitary wave train the front structures generated a flow focusing effect that accelerated the bore velocity. The orientation of the multiple structures to the direction of the oncoming tsunami bore significantly affected the magnitude of the applied force, where the most effective structure orientation is provided by the 45-degree rotation. The results of this study emphasize the potential for improving tsunami resilience through appropriate positioning of structures. Importantly, such large reductions in force may provide an economic solution to building resilience in developing countries prone to tsunamis. © 2020 American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE). All rights reserved.

关键词： Tsunamis

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Cellulose processing using ionic liquids: An analysis of patents and technological trends

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Heliyon 2024年第20期10卷 e39590页

作者： Vieira, Suellen Rocha Silva, Jania Betânia Alves da Pessôa, Luiggi Cavalcanti Nascimento, Renata Quartieri Galván, Karina Lizzeth Pedraza Souza, Carolina Oliveira de Cardoso, Lucas Guimarães Santana, Jamille Santos Assis, Denilson de Jesus Graduate Program in Chemical Engineering (PPEQ) Polytechnic School Federal University of Bahia (UFBA) Bahia Salvador 40210-630 Brazil Center for Exact and Technological Sciences Collegiate of Mechanical Engineering Federal University of Recôncavo of Bahia (UFRB) Bahia Cruz das Almas 44380-000 Brazil Graduate Program in Biotechnology-Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO) Federal University of Bahia (UFBA) Bahia Salvador 40231-300 Brazil Graduate Program in Food Science (PGAli)–College of Pharmacy Federal University of Bahia (UFBA) Bahia Salvador 40110-100 Brazil Department of Bromatological Analysis College of Pharmacy Federal University of Bahia (UFBA) Bahia Salvador 40110-100 Brazil Department of Engineering University Salvador (UNIFACS) Bahia Salvador 41820-021 Brazil

The production of cellulose derivatives using ionic liquid (IL) as solvents and catalysts has become prominent over the last few years, since the process eliminates the use of toxic substances. This study aimed to map and understand the trends in cellulose processing using ILs by a patent analytic approach and technology life cycle modeling. The documents were searched on the Espacenet® and Orbit® *** majority of innovations have come from companies based in developed countries. The data fitted to the sigmoid BiDoseResp model and the life cycle S-curve showed a market in an early stage of maturity. This mapping brings information that subsidizes decision-making regarding investments, research, and innovations aimed at IL-mediated cellulose treatment. Potential markets mostly use ILs of the imidazolium family in polymer chemistry, machinery, and biotechnology technologies. However, medical and pharmaceutical technologies and microstructure and nanostructure applications are still emerging, fostering perspectives for innovation. © 2024

关键词： Cellulose Dissolution Ionic liquids Mathematical model Patents

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Valvular Edge-to-Edge Repair Simulations are Highly Sensitive to Annular Boundary Conditions

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Hease, Collin E. Dubey, Vijay Mathur, Mrudang Pouch, Alison M. Timek, Tomasz A. Rausch, Manuel K. Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin 204 E. Dean Keeton Street AustinTX78712 United States Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Stanford University 870 Quarry Rd Extension Palo AltoCA94304 United States Department of Radiology University of Pennsylvania 3700 Hamilton Walk PhiladelphiaPA19104 United States Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery Corewell Health West Michigan State University College of Human Medicine 100 Michigan Ave SE Grand RapidsMI49503 United States Department of Aerospace Engineering & Engineering Mechanics The University of Texas at Austin 2617 Wichita Street AustinTX78712 United States Department of Biomedical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin 107 W. Dean Keeton Street AustinTX78712 United States The Oden Institute for Computational Engineering & Sciences The University of Texas at Austin 201 E. 24th Street AustinTX78712 United States Meijer Heart and Vascular Institute

Transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) simulations may provide insight into this novel therapeutic technology and help optimize its use. However, because of the relatively short history and technical complexity of TEER simulations, important questions remain unanswered. For example, there is no consensus on how to handle the annular boundary conditions in these simulations. In this short communication, we tested the sensitivity of such simulations to the choice of annular boundary conditions using a high-fidelity finite element model of a human tricuspid valve. Therein, we embedded the annulus among elastic springs to simulate the compliance of the perivalvular myocardium. Next, we varied the spring stiffness parametrically and explored the impact on two key measures of valve function: coaptation area and leaflet stress. Additionally, we compared our results to simulations with a pinned annulus. We found that a compliant annular boundary condition led to a TEER-induced "annuloplasty effect," i.e., annular remodeling, as observed clinically. Moreover, softer springs led to a larger coaptation area and smaller leaflet stresses. On the other hand, pinned annular boundary conditions led to unrealistically high stresses and no "annuloplasty effect." Furthermore, we found that the impact of the boundary conditions depended on the clip location. Our findings emphasize the importance of the annular boundary condition in TEER simulations. Thus, we recommend that care be taken when choosing annular boundary conditions and that results from simulations using pinned boundaries should be interpreted with caution. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

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