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Control engineering investigation of the effects of proliferative diabetic retinopathy on the crystalline lens and ciliary muscle dynamic behavior

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Research on biomedical engineering 2023年第3期39卷 663-676页

作者： Oliveira, Rebeca Hannah de M. Silva, Mayla dos S. Nunes, Gustavo A. M. A. Faria, Rafael Mendes Santos, Kleriston Silva Rosa, Leandro L. F. Rosa, Mário F. F. Rosa, Suélia de S. R. F. Department of Biomedical Engineering Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine BaltimoreMD United States Postgraduate Program in Mechatronic Systems University of Brasília DF Brasilia Brazil Optometry Clinic GO Goiânia Brazil Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program University of Brasília DF Brasilia Brazil University of Brasilia – UnB DF Brasilia Brazil

Purpose: Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) affects more than 100 million adults worldwide and is one of the primary diseases leading to blindness and affecting the eye’s retina. Few papers mention its impact on the anterior segment of the eye. Methods: We present a novel bond graph model of the human eye calibrated with data from the literature to simulate the effects of retinopathy on lens behavior. Through mathematical representation in state space and transfer functions, we simulate the dynamic responses of the physiological and pathological systems. Results: The dynamic response to impulse inputs shows a distinct peak amplitude (0.01 difference) and transient time (0.0001 s) for PDR and Healthy systems at Region B (lens and ciliary muscle). Qualitative increase in ocular vasculature aggravation attenuates PDR dynamic response to unitary step input compared to Healthy (50% decay at 20 days of simulation) at Region B. Conclusions: The model suggests the potential impact of PDR on ciliary muscle behavior, which can have a clinical translation on diagnosis, follow-up, and treatment of the disease. It can be used for future studies on the effects of retinopathy on different ocular regions. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Brazilian Society of biomedical engineering.

关键词： Eye protection

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Bumping Movement of Cell Flowing over Oblique Micro-groove: Comparison with Movement Outside Groove 13

Bumping Movement of Cell Flowing over Oblique Micro-groove: ...

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13th International Multi-Conference on Complexity, Informatics and Cybernetics, IMCIC 2022

作者： Hashimoto, Shigehiro Matsumoto, Taketo Uehara, Shogo Endo, Yoshiaki Biomedical Engineering Department of Mechanical Engineering Kogakuin University Tokyo163-8677 Japan Biomedical Engineering Systems Design Kogakuin University Tokyo163-8677 Japan Biomedical Engineering Mechanical Engineering Kogakuin University Tokyo163-8677 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781950492619

The bumping movement of the cell flowing over the oblique micro groove has been analyzed in comparison with the movement of the cell flowing outside groove in vitro. The micro flow-channel (0.05 mm high, 1 mm wide, 25 mm long) with grooves (4.5 μm deep) has been manufactured of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) by micromachining technique. The angle between the main flow direction and the longitudinal axis of the groove is 45 degrees. Variation has been made on the width (0.03 mm, 0.04 mm, and 0.05 mm) of the groove. Myoblast (C2C12: mouse myoblast cell line) was used in the test. A main flow velocity (0.02 mm/s © by the International Institute of Informatics and Systemics.

关键词： Cells

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Briefing: Reducing regulatory turbulence for US offshore wind development

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Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers: engineering Sustainability 2025年第3期178卷 164-170页

作者： Smead, Mathew Xydis, George Energy Policy and Climate Program Krieger School of Arts & Sciences Johns Hopkins University BaltimoreMD United States Department of Business Development and Technology Aarhus University Herning Denmark Department of Mechanical Engineering University of the Peloponnese Patras Greece

With the recent announcement of a joint goal among federal agencies to deploy 30 GW of offshore wind capacity by 2030 and the target for the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) to approve the Construction and Operations Plans of at least 16 offshore wind farms by 2025, the US offshore wind industry appears to be on the cusp of a major expansion. However, a literature review of the history and current state of the US offshore wind industry indicates that resource constraints within the BOEM and obstacles posed by the complex regulatory process could prevent the industry from reaching its full potential. A critical analysis was conducted on information and data collected from primary and secondary sources to propose strategies for mitigating and avoiding this regulatory turbulence. This paper concludes that BOEM must increase its bandwidth and accelerate the rate of offshore wind project review and approval by pursuing resource augmentation measures and opportunities to introduce efficiencies into its regulatory approach. © 2025 ICE Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Clean energy

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Synthesis of amorphous silica from rice husk ash using the sol–gel method: Effect of alkaline and alkaline concentration

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2023年 87卷 225-229页

作者： Aprilia S. Rosnelly C.M. Zuhra Fitriani F. Haffiz Akbar E. Raqib M. Rahmah K. Amin A. Baity R.A. Department of Chemical Engineering Engineering Faculty Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia Doctoral Program School of Engineering Post Graduate Program Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia Mechanical Engineering Department Engineering Faculty University of Abulyatama Lampoh Keude-Aceh Besar Indonesia

In this study, silica extraction from RHA (rice husk ash) has been successfully performed by alkaline using KOH and NaOH with sol–gel precipitation. The silica gel was characterized for the functional group by FTIR, crystallinity with XRD, structure silica with SEM and particle size with PSA. The results show the higher concentration of solvent led to higher silica. The FTIR analysis revealed vibrations of Si[sbnd]O and Si[sbnd]O[sbnd]Si on the product. Additionally, observed to be amorphous and aggregated, the silica extracted from RHA also exhibited a decrease in all samples. © 2023

关键词： Alkaline extraction Concentration of solvent Potassium hydroxide Rice husk ash Silica Sodium hydroxide

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Investigation of spatial resolution of parameterized temporal data in l0-norm based time-domain diffuse optical tomography (TD-DOT)

Investigation of spatial resolution of parameterized tempora...

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Bio-Optics: Design and Application, BODA 2023 - Part of Optica Biophotonics Congress: Optics in the Life Sciences 2023

作者： Pinar, Lara Hielscher, Andreas H. Kim, Stephen Hyunkeol Department of Biomedical Engineering New York University New YorkNY10010 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Technical University of Munich Munich80333 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171210

This work addresses spatial resolution of parameterized temporal data types in time domain diffuse optical tomography (TD-DOT) based on the l0 norm. Various types of time filters, available from possible combinations of Mellin and Laplace transforms, were investigated in terms of their respective spatial resolution. © 2023 The Author(s)

关键词： Laplace transforms

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Achromatic metasurfaces by dispersion customization for ultra-broadband acoustic beam engineering

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国家科学评论（英文版） 2022年第12期9卷 179-189页

作者： Hao-Wen Dong Chen Shen Sheng-Dong Zhao Weibao Qiu Hairong Zheng Chuanzeng Zhang Steven A.Cummer Yue-Sheng Wang Daining Fang Li Cheng Institute of Advanced Structure Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Department of Mechanical Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Rowan UniversityGlassboroNJ 08028USA School of Mathematics and Statistics Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266071China Paul C.Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging Institute of Biomedical and Health EngineeringShenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China Department of Civil Engineering University of SiegenD-57068 SiegenGermany Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Department of Mechanics School of Mechanical EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China Institute of Advanced Structure Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Department of Mechanical Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina

Metasurfaces,the ultra-thin media with extraordinary wavefront modulation ability,have shown great promise for many potential ***,most of the existing metasurfaces are limited by narrow-band and strong dispersive modulation,which complicates their real-world applications and,therefore require strict customized *** address this issue,we report a general methodology for generating ultra-broadband achromatic metasurfaces with prescribed ultra-broadband achromatic properties in a bottom-up inverse-design *** demonstrate three ultra-broadband functionalities,including acoustic beam deflection,focusing and levitation,with relative bandwidths of 93.3％,120％and 118.9％,*** addition,we reveal a relationship between broadband achromatic functionality and element *** metasurface elements have anisotropic and asymmetric geometries with multiple scatterers and local cavities that synthetically support internal resonances,bi-anisotropy and multiple scattering for ultra-broadband customized *** study opens new horizons for ultra-broadband highly efficient achromatic functional devices,with promising extension to optical and elastic metamaterials.

关键词： ultra-broadband metasurfaces achromatic inverse design customized dispersion multiple scatering

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Effect of Anthropometry on Plantar Pressure Distribution during Gait in Overweight Male Subjects 46

Effect of Anthropometry on Plantar Pressure Distribution dur...

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46th Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBC 2024

作者： Alkhalaileh, Abdelsalam Tareq Abdullah, Muhammed Hulleck, Abdul Aziz Khalaf, Kinda Jelinek, Herbert F. El Rich, Marwan Khalifa University Department of Mechanical Engineering Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Khalifa University Health Care Engineering and Innovation Center Department of Biomedical Engineering Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Khalifa University Department of Medical Sciences Biotechnology Center Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Khalifa University Health Care Engineering and Innovation Center Department of Mechanical Engineering Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371499

Traditionally, research on plantar pressure in overweight/obese populations has predominantly focused on dividing the plantar surface into two or three regions, considering factors such as body mass index (BMI), age, and gender. This study took a more comprehensive approach, incorporating various anthropometric measurements representing body shape, including arm, leg, and shoulder lengths, as well as thigh, chest, waist, hip, and ankle circumferences. Utilizing retrospective data from overweight but healthy male subjects, the study yielded results revealing robust correlations with Euclidean measurements, circumferential measurements, and circumferential ratios. Interestingly, while no significant correlations were found between peak plantar pressure magnitude and location with BMI, significant correlations were seen with lower arm length (-0.73), shoulder length (0.69), ankle circumference (0.69), thigh circumference (0.66 and 0.68). Incorporating ratios that combined multiple measurements showed promise, with correlation coefficients exceeding 0.7. These findings suggest that a comprehensive plantar pressure analysis should not solely rely on BMI but rather include a thorough examination of subject anthropometry. The results also shed light on the feasibility of developing an index for predicting plantar pressure characteristics based on anthropometric data. Further research and expanded datasets are crucial for refining and validating these findings. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Anthropometry

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On-chip physiological mimicry of neurovascular unit: challenges and perspectives

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 499-500页

作者： Song Ih Ahn YongTae Kim School of Mechanical Engineering Pusan National UniversityBusanSouth Korea George W.Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA Parker H.Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA Wallace H.Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA

Neurological disorders including neurodegenerative diseases,brain tumors,and stroke are the second leading cause of death and the greatest cause of disability ***,it remains challenging to achieve effective drug delivery to the central nervous system for treatments of neurological diseases due to the blood-brain barrier(BBB).The function of the BBB is regulated by the physiological interactions between various types of cells in the neurovascular unit(NVU).In the NVU,the brain vasculature of the BBB is surrounded by brain pericytes,brain astrocytes,neurons,and microglia(Figure 1).Moreover,the NVU at the levels of arteries and veins includes contractile smooth muscle cells(Schaeffer and Iadecola,2021).

关键词： diseases death arteries

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Thermoeconomic and thermoenvironmental analysis of the chilled water system in a shopping mall

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REFRIGERATION 2022年 134卷 304-311页

作者： Abreu, Renata Portela Correia, Victor Hugo Lobo Lourenco, Atilio Barbosa Marques, Adriano da Silva Carvalho, Monica [a]Graduate Program of Mechanical Engineering Federal University of Paraíba João Pessoa Brazil [b]Department of Mechanical Engineering Federal University of Espírito Santo Vitória Brazil [c]Department of Mechanical Engineering Federal Rural University of Pernambuco Cabo de Santo Agostinho Brazil [d]Department of Renewable Energy Engineering Federal University of Paraíba João Pessoa Brazil

This is the first study to apply a combination of two thermoeconomic approaches (UFS and H & S) with Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) to a chilled water system installed in a shopping mall. The objective is to obtain monetary and environmental costs for the thermal energy stored by developing both thermoeconomic and thermoenvir-onmental assessments. The thermoeconomic study determined internal flows, defined inputs and products, and described the productive structure to obtain exergy and monetary costs. The LCA methodology quantified the greenhouse gas emissions associated with equipment operation and energy flows. The results indicated efficient thermoeconomic behavior for the heat exchangers. The monetary and environmental costs of chilled water are, respectively, US$ 0.2267/MJ and 0.8186 kg CO2-eq/MJ.

关键词： UFS model H&S model Life Cycle Assessment Greenhouse gases Refrigeration Cooling

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Big Data Bot with a Special Reference to Bioinformatics

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第5期75卷 4155-4173页

作者： Ahmad M.Al-Omari Shefa M.Tawalbeh Yazan H.Akkam Mohammad Al-Tawalbeh Shima’a Younis Abdullah A.Mustafa Jonathan Arnold Biomedical Systems and Informatics Engineering Department Yarmouk UniversityIrbid21163Jordan Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy Yarmouk UniversityIrbid21163Jordan Department of Electrical Computer and Software EngineeringUniversity of Ontario Institute of TechnologyOshawaL1H7K4Canada Department of Mechanical Engineering University of MosulMosul41001Iraq Genetics Department University of GeorgiaAthens30602GAUSA

There are quintillions of data on deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA)and protein in publicly accessible data banks,and that number is expanding at an exponential *** scientific fields,such as bioinformatics and drug discovery,rely on such data;nevertheless,gathering and extracting data from these resources is a tough *** data should go through several processes,including mining,data processing,analysis,and *** study proposes software that extracts data from big data repositories automatically and with the particular ability to repeat data extraction phases as many times as needed without human *** software simulates the extraction of data from web-based(point-and-click)resources or graphical user interfaces that cannot be accessed using command-line *** software was evaluated by creating a novel database of 34 parameters for 1360 physicochemical properties of antimicrobial peptides(AMP)sequences(46240 hits)from various MARVIN software panels,which can be later utilized to develop novel ***,for machine learning research,the program was validated by extracting 10,000 protein tertiary structures from the Protein Data *** a result,data collection from the web will become faster and less expensive,with no need for manual data *** software is critical as a first step to preparing large datasets for subsequent stages of analysis,such as those using machine and deep-learning applications.

关键词： Bioinformatics big data data extraction bot drug design

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