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3D-printed porous titanium suture anchor: a rabbit lateral femoral condyle model

BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2024年第1期25卷 1页

作者： Wu, Lien-Chen Hsieh, Yueh-Ying Hsu, Ting-Shuo Liu, Po-Yi Tsuang, Fon-Yih Kuo, Yi-Jie Chen, Chia-Hsien Van Huynh, T.I.N. Chiang, Chang-Jung Department of Orthopaedics Shuang Ho Hospital Taipei Medical University Department of Orthopaedics School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Division of Neurosurgery Department of Surgery National Taiwan University Hospital Spine Tumor Center National Taiwan University Hospital Department of Orthopedic Surgery Wan Fang Hospital Taipei Medical University School of Biomedical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Department of Interventional Cardiology Thong Nhat Hospital International Ph.D program in medicine college of medicine Taipei medical university

Background: The inclusion of a connecting path in a porous implant can promote nutrient diffusion to cells and enhance bone ingrowth. Consequently, this study aimed to evaluate the biomechanical, radiographic, and histopathological performance of a novel 3D-printed porous suture anchor in a rabbit femur model. Methods: Three test groups were formed based on the type of suture anchor (SA): Commercial SA (CSA, Group A, n = 20), custom solid SA (CSSA, Group B, n = 20), and custom porous SA (CPSA, Group C, n = 20). The SAs were implanted in the lateral femoral condyle of the right leg in each rabbit. The rabbits (New Zealand white rabbits, male, mean body weight of 2.8 ± 0.5 kg, age 8 months) underwent identical treatment and were randomized into experimental and control groups via computer-generated randomization. Five rabbits (10 femoral condyles) were euthanized at 0, 4, 8, and 12 weeks post-implantation for micro-CT, histological analysis, and biomechanical testing. Results: At 12 weeks, the CPSA showed a higher BV/TV (median 0.7301, IQR 0.7276–0.7315) than the CSSA and CSA. The histological analysis showed mineralized osteocytes near the SA. At 4 weeks, new bone was observed around the CPSA and had penetrated its porous structure. By 12 weeks, there was no significant difference in ultimate failure load between the CSA and CPSA. Conclusions: We demonstrated that the innovative 3D-printed porous suture anchor exhibited comparable pullout strength to conventional threaded suture anchors at the 12-week postoperative time-point period. Furthermore, our porous anchor design enhanced new bone formation and facilitated bone growth into the implant structure, resulting in improved biomechanical stability. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： 3D-printed porous anchor Bone formation Bone ingrowth Suture anchor

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An exploration of frictional and vibrational behaviors of textured deep groove ball bearing in the vicinity of requisite minimum load

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Friction 2021年第6期9卷 1749-1765页

作者： K.E.Ch.VIDYASAGAR R.K.PANDEY Dinesh KALYANASUNDARAM Center for Biomedical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology DelhiNew Delhi 110016India Department of Biomedical Engineering College of EngineeringOsmania UniversityTelangana 500007India Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology DelhiNew Delhi 110016India Department of Biomedical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology DelhiNew Delhi 110016India

In case of lightly loaded radial ball bearings,failure mechanisms other than fatigue such as smearing of raceways due to increased frictional torque and vibrations often ***,attempts have been made herein for reducing the frictional torque and minimizing the vibrations of a radial deep groove ball bearing employing surface textures at the inner *** pulsed laser was used to create texture(involving micro-dimples having different dimple area density)on the inner race of test *** an in-house developed test rig,frictional torque and vibrational parameters were measured at different speeds and light loads(*** vicinity of 0.01C,where C is dynamic load capacity of radial ball bearing).Significant reduction in frictional torque and overall vibrations were found in the presence of micro-dimples on inner race at light loads irrespective of operating *** without satisfying the minimum load needed criteria for the satisfactory operation,substantial reduction in smearing marks was found on the races of textured ball bearings in comparison to conventional cases.

关键词： ball bearing textured inner race grease lubricated frictional torque vibration

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Bioinspiration review of Aquatic Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(AquaUAV)

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Biomimetic Intelligence & Robotics 2024年第2期4卷 1-11页

作者： Xinyang Wang Jjiawei Zhao Xuan Pei Tianmiao Wang Taogang Hou Xingbang Yang School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China Department of Bioengineering Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Bejing Advanced Innovation Centre for Biomedical EngineeringKey Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of EducationBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

The performance of Aquatic Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(AquaUAV)has always been limited so far and far from practical applications,due to insufficient propulsion,large-resistance structure ***-aquatic amphibians in nature may facilitate the development of AquaUAV since their excellent amphibious locomotion capabilities evolved under long-term natural *** article will take four typical aerial-aquatic amphibians as representatives,i.e.,gannet,cormorant,flying fish and flying *** summarized the multi-mode locomotion process of common aerial-aquatic amphibians and the evolutionary trade-offs they have made to adapt to amphibious *** four typical propulsion mechanisms were investigated,which may further inspire the propulsion design of the *** their morphological models could guide the layout ***,we reviewed the state of art in AquaUAV to validate the potential value of our bioinspiration,and discussed the futureprospects.

关键词： Aerial-aquatic amphibians Multi-mode locomotion trade-offs Propulsion mechanism Morphological design

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Feasibility Study of a Teleoperation System With Haptics for Tip-Force Sensing Active Needles

Feasibility Study of a Teleoperation System With Haptics for...

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IEEE/RAS-EMBS International Conference on biomedical Robotics and Biomechatronics (BioRob)

作者： Sooyeon Kim Sujin Yu Yuri Lim Suhyun Lee Seok Chang Ryu Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering BioRobotics Laboratory Graduate Program in Smart Factory Ewha Womans University Seoul South Korea Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering BioRobotics Laboratory Ewha Womans University

ISBN: (数字)9798350386523

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386530

This paper presents the design of a teleoperation system with a haptic display for the active needles with tip-force sensing and tip-steering capabilities. The active needle design employs sensorized tendons by fiber Bragg gratings sensor (FBGs), while the teleoperation system combines a general haptic interface with electrical stimulation as its steering interface, delivering not only general force feedback but also tip-force information measured by the FBGs-based tendons to the operators. The essential features, such as tip-force sensing, teleoperation of the tip-joint, and human perception of the measured tip-force, were experimentally evaluated with their prototypes in tissue phantoms. Based on the results obtained, necessary follow-up studies were identified and suggested for the effective teleoperation of force-sensing steerable instruments in clinical environments. If successfully developed, such systems can enable surgeons to perceive clinical situations and perform operations more precisely and safely.

关键词： Instruments Surgery Prototypes Phantoms biomedical measurement Robot sensing systems Needles Fiber gratings Sensors Tendons

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Development of exosome membrane materialsfused microbubbles for enhanced stability and efficient drug delivery of ultrasound contrast agent

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2023年第12期13卷 4983-4998页

作者： Yongho Jang Jeehun Park Pilsu Kim Eun-Joo Park Hyungjin Sun Yujin Baek Jaehun Jung Tai-kyong Song Junsang Doh Hyuncheol Kim Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Sogang UniversitySeoul 04107Republic of Korea Research Institute of Advanced Materials(RIAM) Institute of Engineering ResearchSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Department of Electronic Engineering Sogang UniversitySeoul 04107Republic of Korea Biomedical Research Institute&Department of Radiology Seoul National University HospitalSeoul 03080Republic of Korea Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Institute of Engineering Research Bio-MAX InstituteSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Department of Biomedical Engineering Sogang UniversitySeoul 04107Republic of Korea

Lipid-coated microbubbles are widely used as an ultrasound contrast agent,as well as drug delivery ***,the two main limitations in ultrasound diagnosis and drug delivery using microbubbles are the short half-life in the blood system,and the difficulty of surface modification of microbubbles for active *** exosome,a type of extracellular vesicle,has a preferentially targeting ability for its original *** this study,exosome-fused microbubbles(Exo-MBs)were developed by embedding the exosome membrane proteins into *** a result,the stability of Exo-MBs is improved over the conventional *** the same principle that under the exposure of ultrasound,microbubbles are cavitated and self-assembled into nano-sized particles,and Exo-MBs are self-assembled into exosome membrane proteins-embedded nanoparticles(Exo-NPs).The Exo-NPs showed favorable targeting properties to their original cells.A photosensitizer,chlorin e6,was loaded into Exo-MBs to evaluate therapeutic efficacy as a drug *** higher therapeutic efficacy of photodynamic therapy was confirmed,followed by cancer immunotherapy from immunogenic cell *** have therefore developed a novel ultrasound image-guided drug delivery platform that overcomes the shortcomings of the conventional ultrasound contrast agent and is capable of simultaneous photodynamic therapy and cancer immunotherapy.

关键词： Exosomes Microbubbles Photodynamic therapy Ultrasound Sonoporation Cancer immunotherapy Drug delivery

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Design single-stranded DNA aptamer of cluster of differentiation 47 protein by stochastic tunnelling-basin hopping-discrete molecular dynamics method

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Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics 2024年第8期42卷 3969-3982页

作者： Yang, Hung-Wei Ju, Shin-Pon Hsieh, Yun-Te Yang, Yung-Cheng Department of Biomedical Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan City Taiwan Medical Device Innovation Center National Cheng Kung University Tainan City Taiwan Department of Mechanical and Electro-Mechanical Engineering National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung Taiwan Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan

The formation of the Cluster of Differentiation 47 (CD47, PDB code: 2JJT)/signal regulatory protein α (SIRPα) complex is very important as it protects healthy cells from immune clearance while promoting macrophage phagocytosis for tumour elimination. Although several antibodies have been developed for cancer therapy, new function-blocking aptamers are still under development. This study aims to design the aptamer Apt_CD47, which can block the formation of the CD47/SIRPα complex. This study employs the MARTINI coarse-grained (CG) force field and the stochastic tunnelling-basin hopping-discrete molecular dynamics (STUN-BH-DMD) method to identify the most stable Apt_CD47/CD47 complexes. Coarse-grained molecular dynamics (CGMD) simulations were used to obtain root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) and root-mean-square fluctuation (RMSF) analyses. The results demonstrate that the formation of Apt_CD47/CD47 complexes renders the CD47 structure more stable than the single CD47 molecule in a water environment. The minimum energy pathway (MEP) obtained by the nudged elastic band (NEB) method indicates that the binding processes of 5′-ATTCAATTCC-3′ and 5′-AGTGCAATCT-3′ to CD47 are barrierless, which is much lower than the binding barrier of SIRPα to CD47 of about 14.23 kcal/mol. Therefore, these two Apt_CD47/CD47 complexes can create a high spatial binding barrier for SIRPα, preventing the formation of a stable CD47/SIRPα complex. The proposed numerical process with the MARTINI CG force field can be used to design CD47 aptamers that efficiently block SIRPα from binding to CD47. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma. © 2023 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： Aptamer design cluster of differentiation 47 coarse-grained molecular dynamics MARTINI force field signal regulatory protein α single-stranded DNA

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Introducing a comprehensive methodology for optimizing the mass of realistic roofing structural systems using cold-formed steel profiles

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Discover Civil engineering 2024年第1期1卷 1-22页

作者： Fruet, Gustavo Miguel, Letícia Fleck Fadel Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul Department of Civil Engineering Postgraduate Program in Civil Engineering Porto Alegre Brazil Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Department of Mechanical Engineering Postgraduate Program in Mechanical Engineering Postgraduate Program in Civil Engineering Porto Alegre Brazil

This study aims to introduce a comprehensive methodology for optimizing complete real structural systems for roofs involving trusses, purlins, and bracing systems jointly, taking into account realistic loads and constraints dictated by technical codes, thereby offering a more accurate representation of practical scenarios. The objective is to achieve the minimum mass through size, shape, and topology optimization of both the main truss and purlin structural subsystems. To achieve this goal, the Enhanced Particle Swarm Optimization (EPSO) algorithm is implemented. An example of a realistic case, which takes into account multiple actual constraints such as stress, displacement, buckling, and natural frequency limits, is thoroughly evaluated. After that, 144 other interactions among dimensions of the building and loads applied are simulated, and the mass of the system is obtained for each one of them. The results indicated that the graphs generated from the various simulations allow for the determination of the optimized mass for different building dimensions. Consequently, the cost and raw material consumption can be estimated for common applications. Therefore, it is concluded that this work presents a significant contribution to structural designers, as the proposed methodology enables structural optimization quickly and easily for practical engineers.

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Physical Properties of Biochar Produced from Pyrolysis of Arabica Coffee Pulp: The Effect of Pre-Washing Process 3

Physical Properties of Biochar Produced from Pyrolysis of Ar...

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3rd International Symposium on Advances and Innovation in mechanical engineering, ISAIME 2022

作者： Setiawan, A. Muhammad, F. Nurjannah, S. Riskina, S. Muhammad Hakim, L. Mechanical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Universitas Malikussaleh Jalan Batam Kampus Bukit Indah Lhokseumawe24352 Indonesia Magister Program in Renewable Energy Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Malikusssaleh Jalan Batam Bukit Indah Lhokseumawe24352 Indonesia Chemical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Universitas Malikussaleh Bukit Indah Lhokseumawe24352 Indonesia

Coffee pulp is a potential source of biomass which abundantly available in coffee exporter countries such as Brazil, Colombia, Indonesia etc. It is necessary to develop technologies to convert coffee pulp into value-added products. This study aims to investigate the slow pyrolysis process of arabica coffee pulp in a pilot scale reactor and evaluate the properties of resulting biochar. Prior to pyrolysis experiment, some of coffee pulp were soaked in tap water for 20 h with a ratio of water to coffee pulps of 1:5. As comparison, another set of pyrolysis experiment was carried out without soaking and washing of feedstock. The pyrolysis process was carried out in a batch reactor at temperatures within the range of 400 to 420°C. During the run, the reaction temperature versus time was recorded and products yield were quantified. Characterization of biochar product was performed under proximate, bomb calorimeter and density analyses. The yield of biochar and pyrolytic oil, respectively were 33% and 36%. Biochar characterization results suggested a significant decrease in the ash content when washing pretreatment was applied. Increases in the calorific value and bulk density were also observed from pre-washed coffee pulp sample. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Pyrolysis

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DESIGN, VERIFICATION AND VALIDATION OF A DYNAMIC MODEL FOR AN INTRAMUSCULAR AUTOINJECTOR

DESIGN, VERIFICATION AND VALIDATION OF A DYNAMIC MODEL FOR A...

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2024 Design of Medical Devices Conference, DMD 2024

作者： Magubane, Ntokozo Ngoepe, Malebogo Sivarasu, Sudesh Centre for Research in Computational and Applied Mechanics Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Cape Town Western Cape South Africa Division of Biomedical Engineering Department of Human Biology University of Cape Town Western Cape South Africa

ISBN: (纸本)9780791887752

The development of new injectable molecules for different diseases and reformation of first-generation pharmaceuticals has led to growing interest in making autoinjectors usable for different medications. The major challenge in this quest is the complexity of injecting highly viscous drugs in large volumes. This research aims to develop a dynamic model to describe the influence of drug viscosity and volume on the injection process and evaluate the sensitivity of medication fluid behaviour to variations in component dimensions of the autoinjector fluid delivery system. Using mathematical modelling, the plunger motion is characterised by the spring, fluid resistance and frictional forces between the vial and plunger. It displaces linearly and accelerates until maximum velocity is reached. Slow plunger motion is associated with increasing glide and break-loose force. Wall shear stress captured via Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modelling is directly proportional to the medication viscosity and it increases linearly for Newtonian and shear-thinning medications. Separation flow is observed in the syringe for viscosities between 15 - 80 cP. This represents decreasing flow as pressure increases, increasing the chances of needle deformation and injection pain due to tissue damage. Injecting highly-viscous drugs is possible via considerations of kinematic and rheological properties. © 2024 by ASME.

关键词： Shear thinning

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Magnetic Force Enhanced Sustainability and Power of Cam-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerator

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Research 2021年第1期2021卷 370-380页

作者： Hakjeong Kim Hee Jae Hwang Nghia Dinh Huynh Khanh Duy Pham Kyungwho Choi Dahoon Ahn Dukhyun Choi Department of Mechanical Engineering(Integrated Engineering Program) Kyung Hee UniversityYongin 17104Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Korea Aerospace UniversityGoyang 10540Republic of Korea Division of Mechanical Engineering Kongju National UniversityCheonan 31080Republic of Korea

Since the first invention of triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)in 2012,many mechanical systems have been applied to operate TENGs,but mechanical contact losses such as friction and noise are still big obstacles for improving their output performance and ***,we report on a magnet-assembled cam-based TENG(MC-TENG),which has enhanced output power and sustainability by utilizing the non-contact repulsive force between the *** investigate the theoretical and experimental dynamic behaviors of MC-TENGs according to the effects of the contact modes,contact and separation times,and contact forces(i.e.,pushing and repulsive forces).We suggest an optimized arrangement of magnets for the highest output performance,in which the charging time of the capacitor was 2.59 times faster than in a mechanical cam-based TENG(C-TENG).Finally,we design and demonstrate a MC-TENG-based windmill system to effectively harvest low-speed wind energy,~4 m/s,which produces very low ***,it is expected that our frictionless MC-TENG system will provide a sustainable solution for effectively harvesting a broadband of wasted mechanical energies.

关键词： friction magnets generator

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