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18th International Conference on Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia Signal Processing, IIH-MSP 2022

作者： Chen, Jian-Yu Chuang, Hui-Yu Horng, Mong-Fong Shieh, Chin-Shiuh Department of Electronic Engineering National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung Taiwan Department of BS/GYN Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung Taiwan Program in Biomedical Engineering Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9789819901043

Pregnancy preparation has become the daily work of many young married couples. How to know the ovulation period easily and conveniently, the image of fern-like crystals in female saliva is a valuable feature. However, due to the low accuracy of image detection, it is difficult to popularize. This study proposes to use image processing technology to recognize fern-like crystals in female saliva. Different from the previous practice, the preprocessing method of tone equalization and edge detection is proposed to improve recognition quality, particularly recognition sensitivity. The experimental results show that the achieved sensitivity is 100% for test data and the preprocessing, including tone equalization, median filtering, and erosion operations, contributes an improvement in accuracy by 26%. Consequently, the proposed methods are indeed helpful. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Median filters

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Geometric Error Modeling of 6-RSS Parallel Robot for Cervical Spine Grinding 3

Geometric Error Modeling of 6-RSS Parallel Robot for Cervica...

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3rd IEEE International Conference on Digital Twins and Parallel Intelligence, DTPI 2023

作者： Guo, Jiangzhen Liu, Jianze Li, Xianglong Liu, Jia Song, Jipeng Ding, Lixiang Beihang University School of Engineering Medicine Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering Beijing China Beihang University School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering Beijing China Beihang University School Mechanical Engineering and Automation Beijing China Capital Medical University Beijing Shijitan Hospital Department of Spinal Surgery Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350318470

Cervical laminectomy is one of the main methods of decompression of the cervical spine. However, due to the small size of the cervical spine, a high degree of precision is required for the surgeon's operation. Robots are increasingly used in the field of precision surgery by virtue of accurate positioning and stable operation, and among them, a 6-RSS parallel robot has a greater potential to be applied to the cervical laminectomy, but the analysis of its geometric error is still inadequate. In this paper, we established the theoretical mechanism model of 6-RSS and analyzed the error model of the robot by a method of perturbation based on the closed-loop kinematic chain to provide theoretical support for the robot accuracy guarantee. The influence of geometric errors to the posture error of the moving platform was analyzed, which can indicate the manufacture process to provide appropriate accuracy. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Grinding (machining)

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Kinematic Analysis of 6-RSS Parallel Robot Designed for Assisting Cervical Laminectomy 2

Kinematic Analysis of 6-RSS Parallel Robot Designed for Assi...

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2nd International Conference on Automation, Robotics and Computer engineering, ICARCE 2023

作者： Guo, Jiangzhen Liu, Jianze Li, Xianglong Liu, Jia Song, Jipeng Ding, Lixiang School of Engineering Medicine Beihang University Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering Beijing China School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Beihang University Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering Beijing China School Mechanical Engineering and Automation Beihang University Beijing China Capital Medical University Department of Spinal Surgery Beijing Shijitan Hospital Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350308341

Cervical laminectomy is a kind of clinical surgery mainly used for decompression of a cervical vertebrate. Because of the limited space of the cervical vertebrate, this surgery requires surgeons to operate in a higher degree of accuracy. A robot-assisted surgery can always achieve good accuracy by virtue of precise positioning and operation of the robot, and a parallel robot can perform better accuracy due to its mechanism feature. A 6-RSS has a more concise structure and lower mass of moving parts than other types of parallel robots, thus it performs better in human-machine interaction which could guarantee precise operations of surgeons. But kinematic analysis of a 6-RSS parallel robot is normally more complicated than other types. In this paper, the theoretical mechanism model of the 6-RSS parallel robot was built and coordinates were defined. The kinematic model was derived based on the closed-loop kinematic chain. The dexterity indices were analyzed to facilitate the design process of the robot. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Machine design

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Analysis of the Migration of Neutrophil-Like Cells under a pH Gradient using a Microfluidic Device 16

Analysis of the Migration of Neutrophil-Like Cells under a p...

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16th IEEE International Conference on Nano/Molecular Medicine and engineering, NANOMED 2023

作者： Tomita, Masashi Hirose, Satomi Funamoto, Kenichi Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering Sendai Japan Massachusetts Institute of Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering CambridgeMA United States Tohoku University Institute of Fluid Science Sendai Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350343700

Neutrophils are known to accumulate in an acidified inflammatory microenvironment, but the effects of environmental factors on neutrophils are not fully understood. Here, we investigated the response of neutrophil-like differentiated human promyelocytic leukemia cells (HL-60) to pH changes. A previously developed microfluidic device that enables control of the oxygen concentration was used to control the pH in a microenvironment. The CO2 concentration in the cell culture medium was controlled by gas exchange between the media and gas channels, thereby establishing certain pH gradients based on chemical equilibrium. The device enabled the generation of a pH 8.5 to 7.1 gradient when gas mixtures of 1% and 50% CO2 were supplied to the left and right gas channels, respectively. Neutrophil-like differentiated HL-60 cells were then seeded into the media channels to observe their cellular dynamics under the pH gradient. Quantitative evaluation showed that cell migration was suppressed in the low-pH (high CO2 concentration) region compared to the high-pH (low CO2 concentration) region, whereas no clear chemotactic migration in response to pH was observed. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Carbon dioxide

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Workspace Analysis of 6-RSS Parallel Robot to Assist Cervical Laminectomy 2

Workspace Analysis of 6-RSS Parallel Robot to Assist Cervica...

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2nd International Conference on Automation, Robotics and Computer engineering, ICARCE 2023

作者： Liu, Jianze Guo, Jiangzhen Li, Xianglong Liu, Jia Song, Jipeng Ding, Lixiang School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering Beihang University Beijing China School of Engineering Medicine Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering Beihang University Beijing China School Mechanical Engineering and Automation Beihang University Beijing China Beijing Shijitan Hospital Capital Medical University Department of Spinal Surgery Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350308341

Cervical laminectomy is a common clinical procedure to decompress the cervical spine. However, because of the limited operating space of cervical spine surgery, the surgeon's operation precision is required to be high. Robot-assisted surgery can usually achieve good precision by precise positioning and manipulation of the robot, while parallel robots can attain better precision due to their mechanical characteristics. Compared with other types of parallel robots, the 6-RSS has a simpler structure and lower mass of moving parts, and therefore performs better in human-robot interaction, which ensures the surgeon's precise operation. However, the kinematic analysis of 6-RSS parallel robots is usually more complicated than other types, making the workspace analysis difficult. In this paper, the theoretical mechanism model of the 6-RSS parallel robot was built and coordinates were defined. The workspace was analyzed to evaluate end rotation and movement ability, which can optimize the structural design and guide the robot design. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Structural design

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THE EFFECT OF HYDROGEN AND AMMONIA COMBUSTION ON PERFORMANCE AND EMISSIONS 23

THE EFFECT OF HYDROGEN AND AMMONIA COMBUSTION ON PERFORMANCE...

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23rd World Hydrogen Energy Conference: Bridging Continents by H2, WHEC 2022

作者： Bayramoğlu, Kubilay Bahlekeh, Abdullah Masera, Kemal Dokuz Eylul University Maritime Faculty Marine Engineering Department Buca Izmir Turkey Ege University Mechanical Engineering Department Bornova Izmir Turkey Aston University Mechanical Biomedical and Design Engineering Department Birmingham United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9786250008430

The co-combustion of traditional methane gas and alternative fuels importance to reduce emissions in combustion has been increased in recent years. In this study, the effects of the combustion of methane-hydrogen and methane-ammonia-hydrogen fuel mixture on system performance and emissions were numerically investigated. Firstly, the effects of methane and 5%, 10% and 15% hydrogen mixture were investigated. Then, methane and 5% fixed hydrogen ratio with 5% ammonia, 10% ammonia and 15% ammonia mixtures were examined. As a result of the study, combustion chamber temperature, carbon and NOX emissions are presented comparatively for each case. In addition, the Sandia D model used in the study is presented by verifying with the literature data. The findings obtained in the study showed that increasing hydrogen and ammonia increased NOX emissions while decreasing CO2 emissions. © 2022 Proceedings of WHEC 2022 - 23rd World Hydrogen Energy Conference: Bridging Continents by H2. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ammonia

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Design of a 3 Degree-of-Freedom Upper-Limb Active Exoskeleton with Cable-Driven Actuators for Neuromotor Rehabilitation 1

Design of a 3 Degree-of-Freedom Upper-Limb Active Exoskeleto...

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1st IEEE Colombian Caribbean Conference, C3 2023

作者： Dias, Eduardo Ulhoa, Pedro Andrade, Rafhael Universidade Federal Do Espírito Santo Department of Mechanical Engineering. Vitória Brazil Universidade Federal Do Espírito Santo Department of Electrical Engineering Vitória Brazil Universidade Federal Do Espírito Santo Graduate Program in Mechanical Engineering Vitória Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9798350341799

Exoskeletons are wearable mechanisms which, parallel to the wearer's joints, modulate movements through active or passive torque application. While existing upper-limb exoskeletons offer benefits in strength augmentation and therapy, they often suffer from limited degrees of freedom and excessive bulk, hindering their utility in neuromotor rehabilitation. This study introduces a three degree-of-freedom active upper-limb exoskeleton optimized for neuromotor rehabilitation. Employing anthropometric data and rigorous kinematic analysis, the design accommodates elbow flexion/extension, forearm pronation/supination, and hand gripping. The upper limb dynamics, kinematics, and physiology were evaluated to provide adequate joint ranges of motion. Cable-driven actuators in the elbow and forearm joints were designed to provide low worn weight through the relocation of the motor units away from the user's joints. The result is a lightweight, compact exoskeleton that provides optimal conditions for neuromotor rehabilitation. Finally, a preliminary control strategy was tested using myoelectric signals to trigger motion. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Actuators

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Hybrid Magnetically and Electrically Powered Metallo-Dielectric Janus Microrobots: Enhanced Motion Control and Operation Beyond Planar Limits

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Rachbuch, Ido Park, Sinwook Katz, Yuval Miloh, Touvia Yossifon, Gilad School of Mechanical Engineering Tel-Aviv University Israel Department of Biomedical Engineering Tel-Aviv University Israel

This study introduces the integration of hybrid magnetic and electric actuation mechanisms to achieve advanced motion capabilities for Janus particle (JP) microrobots. We demonstrate enhanced in-plane motion control through versatile control strategies and present the concepts of interplanar transitions and 2.5-dimensional (2.5D) trajectories, enabled by magnetic levitation and electrostatic trapping. These innovations expand the mobility of JPs into 3D space, allowing dynamic operation beyond the limitations of traditional surface-bound motion. Key functionalities include obstacle crossing, transitions to elevated surfaces, and discrete surface patterning enabling highly localized interventions. Using this set of tools, we also showcase the controlled out-of-plane transport of both synthetic and biological cargo. Together, these advancements lay the groundwork for novel microrobot-related applications in microfluidic systems and biomedical research. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Magnetic levitation

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Experimental verification on the influence of surface texturing on biomaterials and study of its tribological characteristics

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2023年

作者： Arulkumar, M. Prashanna Rangan, R. Prem Ananth, M. Srividhyasakthi, V. Aaditya, R. Department of Mechanical Engineering Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering Sriperumbudur India Department of Biomedical Engineering Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College Coimbatore India

With the increased utilization of the surgical implants there has been a rise in the need for research in optimizing the wear resistance and enhancing its life expectancy. Artificial implants may possess surface texturing that acts as lubricating fluid reservoirs, trapping wear particles and increasing hydrodynamic pressure. As a result, the variation in dimple size and shape may significantly affect the tribological performance of the implants. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate how surface texturing affects biomaterials. A new surface texturing study on the biomaterials was proposed for enhancing the physical properties which was carried out in accordance with a theoretical analysis for understanding the distribution of stress in the textured surface of the implant. The present study focusses on 316L Stainless steel, Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE), Alumina, and Cobalt Chromium alloy (CoCrMo) biomaterials for experimentally verifying the effects of surface texturing. Texturing patterns were created using a laser texturing machine (Nd: YAG laser) and a pin-on-disc type machine was used to conduct wear tests on the textured and untextured components of the four biomaterials. Under typical load conditions of 70 N, friction coefficient and wear rate for the textured and untextured components of the four biomaterials were recorded. The impact of surface texturing on the tribological features was established based on the experimental findings. The test was supported by an ANSYS simulation study, which also depicts that there is a reduction in stress, which affects the coefficient of friction and eventually the wear. The Specific Wear Rate (SWR) revealed an average improvement of 59.85% between the untextured and the hexagonally textured biomaterials when compared to the results of the selected 4 biomaterials, while the Coefficient of Friction indicated an improvement of 82.66%. Thus, the laser texturing on the surface of the biological implant has

关键词： Yttrium aluminum garnet

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Helical Locomotion in Yield Stress Fluids

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Physical Review Letters 2023年第11期130卷 114002-114002页

作者： Farshad Nazari Kourosh Shoele Hadi Mohammadigoushki Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering FAMU-FSU College of Engineering Tallahassee Florida 32310 USA Department of Mechanical Engineering FAMU-FSU College of Engineering Tallahassee Florida 32310 USA

We report three stages for locomotion of a helical swimmer in yield stress fluids. In the first stage, the swimmer must overcome the material’s yield strain to generate rotational motion. However, exceeding the first threshold is not sufficient for locomotion. Only when the viscous forces are sufficiently strong to plastically deform the material to a finite distance away from the swimmer will net locomotion occur. Once locomotion is underway in the third stage, the yield stress retards swimming at small pitch angles. Conversely, at large pitch angles, yield stress dominates the flow by enhancing swimming speed. Flow visualizations reveal a highly localized flow near the swimmer in yield stress fluids.

关键词： Complex fluids Locomotion Non-Newtonian fluids Rheology Swimming Microswimmers

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