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作者： Tomooka, Yukiko Rauter, Georg Gerig, Nicolas Takeda, Ryo Cattin, Philippe Eugster, Manuela BIROMED-Lab Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Basel Gewerbestrasse 14 Allschwil4123 Switzerland Laboratory of Deformation Control Division of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty of Engineering Hokkaido University Hokkaido Japan Cian Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Basel Allschwil Switzerland

Varying device stiffness on purpose can provide safety and performance improvements in interventions involving flexible minimal-invasive surgical robotic devices. For example, when flexible robotic devices are used for inserting minimal-invasive tools along curved paths into the knee joint for arthroscopy, a high device stiffness can allow precise path following where desirable. In contrast, when the minimalinvasive flexible device has reached its desired location inside the patient's body, decoupling the surgical tool (end-effector) from the flexible robotic insertion device can be beneficial in avoiding transferring disturbances such as vibrations to the robot-patient interaction. In this paper, we investigate bending stiffness variability in dependence on the length of a flexible supply channel. Our experiments have shown that bending stiffness in fact decreases with the length of the supply channel but the highest stiffness connection is not sufficiently rigid and we plan to implement a more rigid connection to allow precise path following during insertion. © 2022 by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston.

关键词： Robotic surgery

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Additively manufactured composite metastructure for broadband vibration and noise control applications 30

Additively manufactured composite metastructure for broadban...

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30th International Conference on Noise and Vibration engineering, ISMA 2022 and 9th International Conference on Uncertainty in Structural Dynamics, USD 2022

作者： Muhammad, J. Kennedy Trinity College Dublin Department of Mechanical Manufacturing and Biomedical Engineering College Green Dublin 02 Ireland

ISBN: (纸本)9789082893151

Artificial synthetic structures as metamaterials have seen tremendous amount of research interest for vibration and noise control and wave manipulation applications. The present study proposes a new type of composite metastructure that is capable of inducing a low-frequency ultrawide bandgap. The metastructure consists of a polymeric housing, constructed by 3-D printing and, rigid steel masses which are embedded inside the housing. The bandgap is generated by the principle of mode separation where the frequency difference between the global resonant mode and local resonant mode are manipulated to widen the bandgap. These locally resonant modes are studied by numerical modal analysis and wave attenuation over broadband frequency range are demonstrated by a frequency response study. The metastructure design morphology and study findings will have a wide range of applications in structural vibration and noise control and elastic wave manipulation. © 2022 Proceedings of ISMA 2022 - International Conference on Noise and Vibration engineering and USD 2022 - International Conference on Uncertainty in Structural Dynamics. All rights reserved.

关键词： Energy gap

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Beyond the Scroll: Eye-Tracking Evaluations on the National Gallery of Indonesia’s Instagram 26th

Beyond the Scroll: Eye-Tracking Evaluations on the National ...

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26th International Conference on Asia-Pacific Digital Libraries, ICADL 2024

作者： Sari, Desy Novita Prameswari, Clarissa Rahmi Anshori, Isa Master’s Program in Library Science Universitas Indonesia Kota Depok Indonesia Department of Library and Information Sciences Universitas Indonesia Kota Depok Indonesia Biomedical Engineering Department School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Bandung Institute of Technology Bandung Indonesia National Gallery of Indonesia Central Jakarta Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9789819608676

Eye-tracking studies focused on art galleries and museums within the realm of Instagram, especially in the Indonesian context, are notably scant. This investigation elucidates the user interaction and experience of the art gallery’s Instagram account, @galerinasional. Employing a quantitative approach, we implemented eye-tracking experiments using the well-known online eye-tracking software RealEye. The study participants were followers of the National Gallery of Indonesia’s (Galnas) Instagram profile, seven women and three men, in two age brackets: 18–24 years (n = 5) and 25–34 years (n = 5). The experimental protocol required participants to execute five tasks centered on locating exhibition details and artwork on the Galnas Instagram platform, with a duration of 100 s allocated to each task. The Participant Quality Grade (PQG), examination duration, optimal browser dimensionality, K-factor mean, gaze and fixation frequencies, and heat maps were determined for the participants. The key findings are as follows. (1) The participants’ PQG scores were predominantly between 4 and 6. (2) Investigative browsing typically exceeded the 100-s limit. (3) The consensus on the ideal browser dimensions hovered around 1,368.6 × 814.8 px. (4) The K-factor mean across participants tended toward K > 0. (5) The average gaze occurrence was 27 items per second for most participants. (6) A noticeable disparity in fixation counts was observed between the two age groups, with individuals aged 25–34 demonstrating prolonged engagement with Galnas’ content. (7) Heat maps accentuated a pronounced concentration on visual content, encompassing photographs, videos, and their associated captions. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Economic and social effects

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Using deep-learning based segmentation to enable spatial evaluation of knee osteoarthritis (SEKO) in rodent models

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Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 2025年第6期33卷 703-709页

作者： Griffith, Jacob L. Joseph, Justin Jensen, Andrew Banks, Scott Allen, Kyle D. J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Florida Gainesville FL United States Pain Research & Intervention Center of Excellence (PRICE) University of Florida Gainesville FL United States Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering at the University of Florida Gainesville FL United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine University of Florida Gainesville FL United States

Objective: In preclinical models of osteoarthritis (OA), histology is commonly used to evaluate joint remodeling. The current study introduces a deep learning driven histological analysis pipeline for the spatial evaluation of knee osteoarthritis (SEKO) focused on quantifying and visualizing joint remodeling in the medial compartment of rodent knees. Methods: The SEKO pipeline contains both segmentation and visualization tools. For segmentation, two separate convolutional neural network architectures, HRNet and U-Net, were considered for identifying multiple regions of interest. Following segmentation, SEKO calculates multiple morphometric and location dependent measures to summarize joint-level changes. Additionally, SEKO generates probabilistic heat maps for visualization of the spatial aspects of joint remodeling. Results: SEKO incorporated the U-NET architecture – due to its higher prediction accuracy – and identified similar cartilage loss changes that were reported using by-hand segmentation in prior work. Additionally, SEKO enabled the detection of changes in subchondral bone area and location dependent bone remodeling. SEKO also enabled visualization of spatial changes in cartilage thinning and bone remodeling using probabilistic heat maps. Conclusion: The SEKO pipeline offers the potential for objective comparison of OA progression and therapeutic interventions through visualization of spatial and morphometric changes. SEKO is provided as an open-source tool for the OA research community, facilitating collaborative research efforts and comprehensive analysis of knee joint histology. © 2025 Osteoarthritis Research Society International

关键词： Bone remodeling Cartilage damage Convolutional neural networks Knee osteoarthritis Preclinical models Quantitative histology

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Analysis of the morphological and mechanical characterization of aluminium matrix composite reinforced with chitosan

Analysis of the morphological and mechanical characterizatio...

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International Conference on engineering for a Sustainable World, ICESW 2022

作者： Udoye, N.E. Ezekiel, V. Fayomi, O.S.I. Okokpujie, I.P. Dirisu, J.O. Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Engineering Covenant University Ota Lagos state Nigeria Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering Afe Babalola University Ado-ekiti Ekiti State Nigeria Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering Bells University of Technology P.M.B 1015 Ogun State Ota Nigeria Department of Mechanical Engineering Science University of Johannesburg Johannesburg2006 South Africa

Recent studies acknowledge that convectional ceramic particulate could be replaced by several agricultural byproducts in the development of aluminium matrix composites because of its selected for their low cost and relative ubiquity. This study explores the development of aluminium matrix composite from AA6061 alloy reinforced with chitosan particulates at weight proportions (3, 6, 9, and 12 wt%). The study further characterizes the developed composites using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray Diffractometer (XRD), hardness, tensile and thermal and electrical conductivity test techniques. Results indicated that increasing chitosan content up to 10 wt% enhanced the hardness performance, while tensile strength of the composites increased sporadically, as SEM images observed reinforcement links embedded in grain boundaries. However, the thermal and electrical conductivity diminished due to the addition of chitosan particulates to the alloy matrix. The overall study showed the great potential of chitosan polymer as reinforcement to aluminium alloy. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the International Conference on engineering for a Sustainable World.

关键词： Energy dispersive spectroscopy

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A Player Position Tracking Method Based on a Wide-Area Pan-Tilt-Zoom Video 12

A Player Position Tracking Method Based on a Wide-Area Pan-T...

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Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Sport Sciences Research and Technology Support, icSPORTS 2024

作者： Yamagishi, Shunzo Xie, Chun Shishido, Hidehiko Kitahara, Itaru Master's and Doctoral Program in Intelligent Mechanical Interaction Systems University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan Center for Computational Sciences University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan Faculty of Science and Engineering Department of Information Systems Engineering Soka University Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9789897587191

This paper proposes a method to estimate the posture of an athlete moving on a vast field in a sporting event using a pan-tilt-zoom camera. In order to estimate the posture of an athlete on a sports field from a dynamic video sequence, our method extracts image features to search correspondence points among successive frames and computes the homography transformation matrix that compensates for changes the camera parameters (e.g., angle of view and posture). The effectiveness of this method is qualitatively verified using MLB TV broadcast video. The accuracy and error factors are also quantitatively verified by CG simulation. Copyright © 2024 by SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, Lda.

关键词： Pan-Tilt-Zoom Camera Player Tracking Sports Analytics Video Processing Wide-Area

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Lumbar response to flexion-compression in cyclic and quasi-static loading in intervertebral discs

Lumbar response to flexion-compression in cyclic and quasi-s...

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2023 International Research Council on the Biomechanics of Injury, IRCOBI 2023

作者： Dimbath, Elizabeth Morino, Concetta Middleton, Shea Kait, Jason Bass, Cameron R. Duke University DurhamNC United States Mechanical Engineering Duke University United States the Injury Biomechanics Lab Duke University United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Duke University United States

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Neuromodulation of the peripheral nervous system:Bioelectronic technology and prospective developments

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BMEMat(biomedical engineering Materials) 2024年第1期2卷 88-114页

作者： Hayoung Song Moohyun Kim Enji Kim Jakyoung Lee Inhea Jeong Kyeonghee Lim Seoung Young Ryu Myoungjae Oh Younhee Kim Jang-Ung Park Department of Materials Science and Engineering Yonsei UniversitySeoulSouth Korea Center for Nanomedicine Institute for Basic Science(IBS)SeoulSouth Korea Department of Neurosurgery Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering(NanoBME) Advanced Science InstituteYonsei UniversitySeoulSouth Korea

The peripheral nervous system(PNS)is a fascinatingly complex and crucial component of the human body,responsible for transmitting vital signals throughout the body's intricate network of *** efficient functioning is paramount to our health,with any dysfunction often resulting in serious medical conditions,including motor disorders,neurological diseases,and psychiatric *** strides in science and technology have made neuromodulation of the PNS a promising avenue for addressing these health *** involves modifying nerve activity using a range of techniques,such as electrical,chemical,optical,and mechanical *** plays a critical role in this effort,allowing for precise,controlled,and sustained stimulation of the *** paper provides an overview of the PNS,discusses the current state of neuromodulation devices,and presents emerging trends in the field,including advances in wireless power transfer and materials,that are shaping the future of neuromodulation.

关键词： bioelectronics neuromodulation peripheral nervous system

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Helical swimming motion driven by coordinated rotation of flagellar apparatus in marine bacterial cells

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Journal of Biomechanical Science and engineering 2025年第1期20卷 1-11页

作者： SHIMOGONYA, Yuji RUAN, Juanfang KATO, Takayuki ISHIKAWA, Takuji NAMBA, Keiichi WU, Long-Fei NISHIYAMA, Masayoshi Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Engineering Nihon University 1 Nakagawara Tokusada Tamuramachi Koriyama Fukushima963-8642 Japan Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences Osaka University 1-3 Yamadaoka Suita Osaka565-0871 Japan Institute for Protein Research Osaka University 1-3 Yamadaoka Suita Osaka565-0871 Japan Department of Biomedical Engineering Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering Tohoku University 6-6-01 Aoba Sendai Miyagi980-8579 Japan Department of Finemechanics Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University 6-6-01 Aoba Sendai Miyagi980-8579 Japan JEOL YOKOGUSHI Research Alliance Laboratories Osaka University 1-3 Yamadaoka Suita Osaka565-0871 Japan Aix Marseille Université CNRS Laboratoire de Chimie Bactérienne Marseille CedexF-13402 France Department of Science Faculty of Science and Engineering KINDAI University 3-4-1 Kowakae Higashiosaka Osaka577-8502 Japan

The magnetotactic bacterium MO-1 possesses a pair of unique flagellar apparatuses. Each apparatus comprises seven flagella and 24 thin fibrils enclosed in a sheath. Using these apparatuses, the cells swim at high speed through solutions, tracing helical trajectories. The mechanism by which MO-1 cells utilize their two flagellar apparatuses to propel the cell body remains unclear. Due to the short length of the flagellar apparatus, direct observation of individual movements under a microscope is technically challenging. In this study, we performed numerical simulations based on the boundary element method to investigate the swimming motility of MO-1 cells. Our cell models successfully reproduced the helical trajectories of active MO-1 cells. The two flagellar apparatuses were positioned at the front and back of the cell body relative to the direction of movement. The cell body was pulled by the anterior flagellar apparatus and pushed by the posterior apparatus. The swimming motion of the cell model exhibited minimal changes near a wall. This unique swimming behavior of MO-1 cells could only be achieved through the rotation of both flagellar apparatuses. Based on the revolution rate of active MO-1 cells, we estimated the rotational speed of the flagellar apparatus to be approximately 1200 s-1. This rapid rotation may result from the tight packing of flagellar filaments within the sheath. Our study elucidates the mechanism by which active MO-1 cells swim in helical trajectories. © 2025 The Japan Society of mechanical Engineers.

关键词： Rotation

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Error Sampling and Synthesis for High-Order Node Movement

Error Sampling and Synthesis for High-Order Node Movement

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AIAA Science and Technology Forum and Exposition, AIAA SciTech Forum 2025

作者： Sanjaya, Devina P. Rangarajan, Ajay Ollivier-Gooch, Carl F. Scientific Computing and Fluid Dynamics Lab Department of Mechanical Aerospace & Biomedical Engineering University of Tennessee KnoxvilleTN37996 United States Graduate School AICES RWTH Aachen University Aachen52062 Germany Advanced Numerical Simulation Laboratory Department of Mechanical Engineering University of British Columbia VancouverBCV6T1Z4 Canada

ISBN: (数字)9781624107238

ISBN: (纸本)9781624107238

The presented work focuses on the error sampling and synthesis procedure within an optimization framework for high-order, metric-based mesh adaptation in high-order, finiteelement (FEM) discretization. This mesh optimization framework is designed to handle arbitrary FEM discretization order, geometry order, and element types. In performing a metric-based adaptation, the framework uses a high-order Riemannian metric field to encode the curvature, anisotropy, and global coupling between vertices and high-order geometry nodes. An error model and a cost model are employed to iteratively construct the desired Riemannian metric field and guide a series of globally coupled vertex (r-adaptation) and high-order geometry (q-adaptation) node movements. The resulting mesh is an optimal high-order (curved) mesh that conforms to the specified metric field. The error model requires an error sampling and synthesis procedure, which involves several steps, including element splitting, random sampling of high-order geometry node movements, and estimating the metric-based error kernel on each mesh element. This paper aims to: 1) discuss the theoretical underpinnings of a robust, a posteriori, metric-based error model for qr-adaptation and 2) provide a status update on the 1D HOMES algorithm, which is a native extension of the Mesh Optimization via Error Sampling and Synthesis (MOESS) algorithm to a higher order. © 2025, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Inc, AIAA. All rights reserved.

关键词： Mesh generation

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