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Bioinspired Rotation Microneedles for Accurate Transdermal Positioning and Ultraminimal-Invasive Biomarker Detection with mechanical Robustness

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Research 2022年第3期2022卷 45-59页

作者： Yilin Cai Shiyi Huang Zhinan Zhang Jiazheng Zhang Xingyue Zhu Xiaoxiang Chen Xianting Ding State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration School of Mechanical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes Institute for Personalized MedicineSchool of Biomedical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200030China Department of Rheumatology Renji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina

Microneedle permits transdermal biosensing and drug delivery with minor ***,accurate microneedle transdermal positioning with minimal skin deformation remains a significant technical challenge due to inhomogeneous skin topology and discontinuous force applied to the ***,we introduce bioinspired rotation microneedles for in vivo accurate microneedle positioning as inspired by honeybees’*** demonstrate the benefits of rotation microneedles in alleviating skin resistance through finite element analysis,full-thickness porcine validations,and mathematical derivations of microneedleskin interaction stress *** max penetration force was mitigated by up to 45.7%and the force attenuation rate increased to 2.73 times in the holding stage after penetration.A decrease in max skin deflection and a faster deformation recovery introduced by rotation microneedles implied a more precise penetration ***,we applied the rotation microneedles in psoriasis mice,a monogenic disorder animal model,for minimally invasive biological sample extraction and proinflammatory cytokine *** ultrasensitive detection method is realized by using only one microneedle to achieve cytokine mRNA level determination compared to commonly required biopsies or blood ***,rotation microneedles permit a simple,rapid,and ultraminimal-invasive method for subcutaneous trace biological sample acquisition and subsequent point-of-care diagnostics with minimal damage to both microneedles and skins.

关键词： rotation precise faster

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Representation of conspecific vocalizations in amygdala of awake marmosets

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National Science Review 2023年第11期10卷 8-19页

作者： Guoqiang Jia Siyi Bai Yingxu Lin Xiaohui Wang Lin Zhu Chenfei Lyu Guanglong Sun Kang An Anna Wang Roe Xinjian Li Lixia Gao Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital and Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology Zhejiang University School of Medicine Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument ScienceZhejiang University College of Information Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringShanghai Normal University MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-Machine Integration School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine Zhejiang University Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang University School of Medicine

Human speech and animal vocalizations are important for social communication and animal *** in the auditory pathway are responsive to a range of sounds, from elementary sound features to complex acoustic sounds. For social communication, responses to distinct patterns of vocalization are usually highly specific to an individual conspecific call, in some species. This includes the specificity of sound patterns and embedded biological information. We conducted single-unit recordings in the amygdala of awake marmosets and presented calls used in marmoset communication, calls of other species and calls from specific marmoset individuals. We found that some neurons(47/262) in the amygdala distinguished 'Phee' calls from vocalizations of other animals and other types of marmoset vocalizations. Interestingly, a subset of Phee-responsive neurons(22/47) also exhibited selectivity to one out of the three Phees from two different 'caller' marmosets. Our findings suggest that, while it has traditionally been considered the key structure in the limbic system, the amygdala also represents a critical stage of socially relevant auditory perceptual processing.

关键词： vocalization non-human primate marmoset amygdala

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Effect of chemical composition and microstructure on the thermal conductivity of Mg-Al-Ca alloys

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Keikinzoku/Journal of Japan Institute of Light Metals 2024年第1期74卷 9-13页

作者： Kirimoto, Yuichi Kondo, Natsuki Ito, Mizuki Tsukeda, Tadayoshi Aida, Tetsuo Tabata, Hironobu Kurihara, Hideki Suzuki, Mayumi Department of Nano and Functional Material Science Graduate School of Science and Engineering for Education University of Toyama 3190 Gofuku Toyama-shi Toyama930-8555 Japan School of Sustainable Design Materials and Engineering University of Toyama Toyama-shi Toyama Japan Program of Materials Science and Engineering Studies in Science and Engineering Graduate School of Science and Engineering University of Toyama Toyama-shi Toyama Japan Faculty of Sustainable Design Academic Assembly University of Toyama Toyama-shi Toyama Japan CHUETSU METAL WORKS CO. LTD. Nakaniikawa-gun Toyama Japan Saitama Industrial Technology Center Kawaguchi-shi Saitama Japan Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering Faculty of Engineering Toyama Prefectural University Imizu-shi Toyama Japan

In recent years, the increasing demand for electric vehicles, digital devices such as PCs and smartphones, and renewable energy storage systems has created a need for higher-performance batteries. Accordingly, the thermal conductivity of the case that houses the battery is becoming increasingly important. In this study, compositions with high thermal conductivity and good castability were investigated, focusing on Mg-Al-Ca alloys, and the relationship between the two was examined through thermal conductivity measurements and microstructural observations. As a result, the Mg-6%Al-4%Ca alloy was optimal in terms of castability and thermal conductivity. It was confirmed that a lower Al solid solution capacity and a higher purity of the matrix phase are important to improve the thermal conductivity. It is also suggested that the second phase, platelet Al2Ca, is likely to be recognized and enriched in the matrix, contributing to the improvement of thermal conductivity. The amount of Ca solid solution in the matrix was suggested to be reduced by the enrichment of Al in the matrix. The Ca solid solution in the matrix was found to be less effective in reducing thermal conductivity than the Al solid solution. © 2024 The Japan Institute of Light Metals.

关键词： Magnesium alloys

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Environmentally-friendly alkaline ionized water pretreatment and hydrolysis of macroalga via microwave-assisted heating to improve monosaccharide yield for bioethanol production

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Process Safety and Environmental Protection 2024年 189卷 702-713页

作者： Chen, Wei-Hsin Liu, Li-Xuan Khoo, Kuan Shiong Sheen, Herng-Kuang Kwon, Eilhann E. Saravanakumar, Ayyadurai Chang, Jo-Shu Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics National Cheng Kung University Tainan701 Taiwan Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy Tunghai University Taichung407 Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering National Chin-Yi University of Technology Taichung411 Taiwan International Master Degree Program on Energy National Cheng Kung University Tainan701 Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Yuan Ze University Taoyuan Taiwan Sugar Business Division Taiwan Sugar Corporation Taiwan701 Taiwan Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering Hanyang University Seoul04763 Korea Republic of Directorate of Research SRM Institute of Science and Technology Chengalpattu District Tamil Nadu Kattankulathur603203 India Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science College of Engineering Tunghai University Taichung Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan

This study synthesizes three sequential steps: pretreatment, acid hydrolysis, and enzyme hydrolysis for bioethanol and hydrochar production from macroalga Gracilaria. The Taguchi method is employed separately in each step to optimize relevant operating factors, aiming to maximize the monosaccharide yield. During pretreatment, environmentally friendly alkaline ionized water is utilized as it does not contain chemical additives. Afterward, microwave-assisted hydrolysis is adopted to enhance the monosaccharide yield of the macroalga for bioenergy production. The results show that the total sugar of Gracilaria undergoing acid hydrolysis alone is 28.72 g‧L−1. The total sugar content after alkaline pretreatment followed by acid hydrolysis is 32.64 g‧L−1, and it increases to 34.76 g‧L−1 after adding enzymes. Meanwhile, the higher heating value of Gracilaria increases from 10.884 MJ‧kg−1 to 12.620 MJ‧kg−1 after undergoing alkaline pretreatment. After the acid and enzyme hydrolysis processes, it increases to 15.164 MJ‧kg−1. The solid biofuel's calorific value increases by 39 % from the three-stage processes. The liquid product combined with Saccharomyces cerevisiae can produce bioethanol, while the produced hydrochar can be used as a solid fuel. This research promotes the development of macroalgal biomass for energy and environmental applications, thereby advancing the circular bioeconomy. © 2024 The Institution of Chemical Engineers

关键词： Ethanol

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Bioengineering approaches for patient-specific analysis of placenta structure and function

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Placenta 2025年 166卷 154-163页

作者： Scott, Adrienne K. Fodera, Daniella M. Yang, Patrick Arter, Abigail Hines, Amelia M. Kolluru, Samyuktha S. Zambuto, Samantha G. Myers, Kristin M. Kamilov, Ulugbek S. Odibo, Anthony O. Oyen, Michelle L. Department of Biomedical Engineering Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO United States Center for Women's Health Engineering Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO United States Center for Regenerative Medicine Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Columbia University New York NY United States Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis St. Louis MO United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Columbia University New York NY United States Department of Computer Science & Engineering Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO United States Department of Electrical & Systems Engineering Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO United States

The leading cause of perinatal mortality is fetal growth restriction (FGR), defined as in utero fetal growth below the 10th percentile. Insufficient exchange of oxygen and nutrients at the maternal-fetal interface is associated with FGR. This transport occurs through the vasculature of the placenta, particularly in the terminal villi, where the vascular membranes have a large surface area and are the thinnest. Altered structure of the placenta villi is thought to contribute to decreased oxygen exchange efficiency, however, understanding how the three-dimensional microstructure and properties decrease this efficiency remains a challenge. Here, a novel, multiscale workflow is presented to quantify patient-specific biophysical properties, 3D structural features, and blood flow of the villous tissue. Namely, nanoindentation, optical coherence tomography, and ultrasound imaging were employed to measure the time-dependent material properties of placenta tissue, the 3D structure of villous tissue, and blood flow through the villi to characterize the microvasculature of the placenta at increasing length scales. Quantifying the biophysical properties, the 3D architecture, and blood flow in the villous tissue can be used to infer changes in maternal-fetal oxygen transport at the villous membrane. Overall, this multiscale understanding will advance knowledge of how microvascular changes in the placenta ultimately lead to FGR, opening opportunities for diagnosis and intervention. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Doppler ultrasound Fetal growth restriction Nanoindentation Optical coherence tomography Placenta Villi

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Viscoelastic Characterization of an Agar Tissue Phantom Using Acoustic Microelastography

Viscoelastic Characterization of an Agar Tissue Phantom Usin...

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International Conference on Manipulation, Automation and Robotics at Small Scales (MARSS)

作者： Bhas N. Karmarkar Moustafa Sayed Ahmed John Reynolds Michael Bortner Shima Shahab Bahareh Behkam Department of Mechanical Engineering Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA USA Department of Chemical Engineering Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA USA Department of Mechanical Engineering School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350376807

ISBN: (纸本)9798350376814

Elastography has long been used as a diagnostic tool in the clinic. This technique assesses tissue elasticity qualitatively or quantitatively in several pathologies, including liver fibrosis and some cancers. Most acoustic elastography approaches are based on the overall evaluation of the region/organ of interest. In contrast, microelastography is a technique that enables quantification of the stiffness at microscale spatial resolution. Acoustic impedance, the main component responsible for ultrasound imaging, varies with bulk modulus and mass density; thus, it can be used to characterize the material properties. However, in situ, spatial mapping of tissue properties at the microscale has rarely been studied. In this work, we combined acoustic actuation, high spatiotemporal resolution imaging, and computer vision to enable quantitative mapping of the mechanical properties of agar tissue phantoms at the microscale. We used a customized electrodynamic resonant vibration actuator at 2065 Hz to generate Rayleigh waves in the tissue phantoms, which were recorded at 9501 frames per second (fps). The resulting videos were analyzed using computer vision tools to quantify the speed of the acoustic shear wave and determine the shear modulus and viscosity of agar with an input of density. To validate our microelastography measurements, we performed oscillatory rheology using a parallel plate rheometer from 0.1-100 Hz, quantified the dynamic viscoelastic properties of agar, and extrapolated the measurements to the acoustic microelastography working frequency. The results from the two methods are in good agreement, showing a difference of 4.7%. In the future, we will adapt this technique for the spatial evaluation of mechanical properties of heterogeneous cancerous tissues at higher resolutions. Such capability can enable effective diagnosis and development of patient-specific treatment regimens.

关键词： Viscosity Computer vision Phantoms biomedical measurement Acoustic measurements Acoustics Frequency measurement

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Photocatalytic bio-inspired PDA-RGO/g-C3N4 nanocomposite incorporated PES membrane for removal of environmental antibiotic pollutants

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Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology 2024年第6期99卷 1401-1413页

作者： Govardhanan, B. GokulaKrishnan, S.A. Arthanareeswaran, G. Ashok, M. Chen, Yong-Song Taweepreda, W. Membrane Research Laboratory Department of Chemical Engineering National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli Tiruchirappalli India New Generation Materials lab Department of Physics National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli Tiruchirappalli India Department of Mechanical Engineering and Advanced Institute of Manufacturing with High-tech Innovations National Chung Cheng University Chiayi County Taiwan Polymer Science Program Division of Physical Science Faculty of Science Prince of Songkla University Hat-Yai Thailand

BACKGROUND: Membrane technology makes it more suitable for the treatment of environmental polluted organic wastewater. Membrane fouling is one of the major concerns in commercial membranes. To overcome this issue, photocatalytic nanomaterials are embedded into the membrane to enhance its surface nature and reusability. In this investigation, polydopamine functionalized graphene oxide (PDA-RGO), graphite carbon nitride (g-C3N4) and PDA-RGO/g-C3N4 nanomaterials were incorporated within polyethersulfone membrane fabricated via a phase inversion technique. These as-prepared membranes’ functional groups and surface morphologies were investigated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and field emission electron microscopy (FESEM). These as-prepared membranes were investigated for photocatalytic activity under visible-light-driven photodegradation by environmental pollutants such as Rhodamine B (RhB) and Norfloxacin (NOR). RESULTS: Compared with pristine PES membrane, the PDA-RGO/g-C3N4-PES nanocomposite membrane showed higher photocatalytic activity for Rhodamine B 94.6% and Norfloxacin 96.8%, also reached greater water flux 189 L m−2 h−1. Therefore, the bio-inspired nanocomposite-modified PDA-RGO/g-C3N4 photocatalytic membrane could have huge potential in processing environmentally polluted water. CONCLUSIONS: PDA-RGO/g-C3N4-PES nanocomposite membrane improved the membrane hydrophilicity, water flow, anti-fouling performance, rejection studies and photocatalytic degradation than the pristine membrane. The synergistic result of PDA-RGO and g-C3N4 exhibits better photodegradation efficiency of the membrane towards environmental pollutants. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI). © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).

关键词： Nanocomposites

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DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF DESKTOP CNC MILLING MACHINE 39

DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF DESKTOP CNC MILLING MACHINE

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39th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Precision engineering, ASPE 2024

作者： Woodard, Tyler Honeycutt, Andrew Greene, John Schmitz, Tony Mechanical Aerospace and Biomedical Engineering Department University of Tennessee KnoxvilleTN37996 United States Manufacturing Demonstration Facility Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN37830 United States

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Fabrication of High Color Rendering Index White Light Emitting Diodes from Gold Nanoclusters

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Optics and Photonics Journal 2023年第11期13卷 243-250页

作者： Yeeu-Chang Lee Chieh Chen Cheng-An J. Lin Cheng-Yi Huang Chia-Hui Lin Department of Mechanical Engineering Center of Nano Technology Chung Yuan Christian University Taoyuan Department of Mechanical Engineering Chung Yuan Christian University Taoyuan Department of Biomedical Engineering Chung Yuan Christian University Taoyuan

We demonstrated gold nanoclusters as color tunable emissive light converters for the application of white light emitting diodes (WLEDs). A blue LED providing 460 nm to excite gold nanoclusters mixed with UV curable material generates broad bandwidth emission at the visible range. Increasing the amount of gold nanoclusters, the correlated color temperature of WLEDs tuned from cold white to warm white, and also results in the variation of color rendering index (CRI). The highest CRI in the experiment is 92.

关键词： Gold Nanocluster White Light Emitting Diodes Color Rendering Index Color Temperature

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ADDITIVE FRICTION STIR DEPOSITION DYNAMOMETER DESIGN AND EVALUATION 39

ADDITIVE FRICTION STIR DEPOSITION DYNAMOMETER DESIGN AND EVA...

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39th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Precision engineering, ASPE 2024

作者： Woodard, Tyler Edwards, Bradley Patterson, Matthew R. Charles, Elijah Schmitz, Tony Mechanical Aerospace and Biomedical Engineering Department University of Tennessee KnoxvilleTN37996 United States Manufacturing Demonstration Facility Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN37830 United States

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