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Magnesium Technology Symposium, 2025, held as part of the TMS Annual Meeting and Exhibition, TMS 2025

作者： McArthur Sehar, Daniel Saito, Kenichi Telgerafchi, Armaghan Gallego, Maya Sridhar, Meera Iurkovskyi, Artem Powell, Adam Department of Materials Science and Engineering Program Worcester Polytechnic Institute 100 Institute Rd. WorcesterMA01609 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Shibaura Institute of Technology Tokyo Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering Worcester Polytechnic Institute WorcesterMA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783031810602

MagnesiumMagnesium’s remarkable stiffnessStiffness-to-weight and high strengthStrength-to-weight ratios could enable substantial vehicle lightweighting versus aluminum and steel. However, primary production is very energy- and emissions-intensive, and recyclingRecycling cannot cost-effectively produce magnesiumMagnesium of sufficient purity for die casting and other structural applications. Distillation can produce high-purity magnesiumMagnesium but is capital- and energy-intensive. Gravity-Driven Multiple Effect Thermal System (G-METS) is a continuous low-pressure magnesiumMagnesium distillation process used in primary production or recyclingRecycling in which heat re-use leads to just 0.5–1 kWh energy consumption per kgMg Mg product—which is 80–90% less energy than current Mg distillation. This paper presents new partial distillation experiments showing 99.96% product purity. An industrial distiller design can help to estimate capital costs. New modeling work describes temperature and pressure change in the vapor conduit, energy use and losses in the industrial distiller, and effects of evaporator flow vanes on the separation of volatile elements such as zinc. © The Minerals, Metals & materials Society 2025.

关键词： Magnesium alloys

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Eggshell membrane: A proteinaceous template for the development of hierarchical ceramics

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Ceramics International 2025年第16期51卷 21135-21161页

作者： Sabu, Ummen Balaz, Matej Balasubramanian, M. Bordia, Rajendra K. Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of Technology Calicut Kozhikode673601 India Department of Mechanochemistry Institute of Geotechnics Slovak Academy of Sciences Watsonova 45 Košice04001 Slovakia Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai600036 India Department of Materials Science and Engineering Clemson University ClemsonSC29634 United States

Bioinspired synthesis utilizing natural materials is an emerging and fascinating route for scientists to develop inorganic materials with hierarchical structural features. Many plant and animal-based materials can be employed as bio-templates for structuring ceramics. Eggshell membrane (ESM), a protein-rich membrane found between the eggshell and egg white, has the potential for developing ceramic materials with hierarchical features, which are difficult to attain through other synthetic methods. The utility of ESM has long been underestimated and was often discarded as waste material. The ESM can act as a sustainable physical substrate and a functional macromolecular template, with the short-chained amino acids of glycoprotein functioning as a capping agent for controlling building unit growth during material synthesis. The first part of this review focuses on ESM's structure, morphology, chemical composition, and methods of separating it from the eggshell. The utilization of ESM as a bio-template for the synthesis of hierarchical ceramics that finds applications in various engineering fields is discussed in the second part. The focus is devoted to the preparation of biomorphic nanostructures. The review concludes with the future perspectives of ESM in the development of ceramic materials and the associated challenges. © 2025

关键词： Ceramic membranes

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Planar structure of organic photodetector for low dark current

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Chinese Physics B 2025年第2期34卷 290-295页

作者： Mohammad Nofil Amirul Ashraf Md Sabri Fadlan Arif Natashah Tahani M Bawazeer Mohammad S Alsoufi Nur Adilah Roslan Azzuliani Supangat Low Dimensional Materials Research Centre Department of PhysicsFaculty of ScienceUniversiti MalayaKuala Lumpur50603Malaysia Department of Chemistry Faculty of Applied ScienceUmm Al-Qura UniversityMakkahSaudi Arabia Mechanical Engineering Department College of Engineering and Islamic ArchitectureUmm Al-Qura UniversityMakkahSaudi Arabia Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang43400Malaysia

The focus of this study is on investigating the vanadyl 2,9,16,23-tetraphenoxy-29H, 31H-phthalocyanine(VOPc Ph O)and its blend with o-xylenyl C60 bis-adduct(OXCBA), for use as a lateral ultraviolet organic photodetector. The research focuses on improving dark current reduction, which is a challenge in lateral organic photodetector. By integrating the OXCBA, low dark current values of 4.83 nA·cm^(-2)(D_(shot)^(*)= 1.414 × 10^(11)Jones) have been achieved as compared to the stand-alone VoPcPhO device of 14.06 nA·cm^(-2). The major contributing factors to dark current reduction are due to the efficient charge transfer at the photoactive-electrode interface, the deep highest occupied molecular orbital(HOMO)level of OXCBA, which leads to favorable energy level alignments hindering hole injection, and the occurrence of bulk heterojunction vertical phase segregation between VOPcPhO and OXCBA. These findings shed light on the relationship between the organic photoconductor's material composition, morphology, and performance metrics and open new avenues for metal phthalocyanine-based lateral ultraviolet organic photodetectors with low dark current and enhanced performance.

关键词： small molecule dark current ultra-violet(UV)sensor device physics

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Boosting bulk photovoltaic effect in transition metal dichalcogenide by edge semimetal contact

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Light(science & Applications) 2025年第1期14卷 197-205页

作者： Shuang Qiao Jihong Liu Chengdong Yao Ni Yang Fangyuan Zheng Wanqing Meng Yi Wan Philip C.Y.Chow Dong-Keun Ki Lijie Zhang Yumeng Shi Lain-Jong Li Hebei Key Laboratory of Optic-Electronic Information and Materials College of Physics Science and TechnologyHebei University071002BaodingChina Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Physics and HK Institute of Quantum Science&Technology The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province College of Chemistry and Materials EngineeringWenzhou UniversityWenzhouChina Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information Ministry of EducationSchool of Physical Science and EngineeringBeijing Jiaotong University100044BeijingChina

Oxide materials with a non-centrosymmetric structure exhibit bulk photovoltaic effect(BPVE)but with a low cell *** the past few years,relatively larger BPVE coefficients have been reported for two-dimensional(2D)layers and stacks with asymmety-induced spontaneous ***,we report a crucial breakthrough in boosting the BPVE in 3R-MoS2 by adopting edge contact(EC)geometry using bismuth semimetal *** clear contrast to the typically used top contact(TC)geometry,the EC metal which strongly adheres to the edges and the subtrates can induce a pronounced tensile strain to the 3R-MoS2,and the lateral contact geometry allows to completely access to in-plane polarization from underneath layers reachable by light,leading to>100 times of BPVE enhancement in *** further design a 3R-MoS2/WSe2 heterojunction to demonstrate constructive coupling of BPVE with the conventional photovoltaic effect,indicating their potential in photodetectors and photovoltaic devices.

关键词： effect geometry breakthrough

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Printability,microstructures and mechanical properties of a novel Co-based superalloy fabricated via laser powder bed fusion

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Journal of materials science & Technology 2024年第22期189卷 96-109页

作者： Chuan Guo Zhen Xu Gan Li Jingchen Wang Xiaogang Hu Ying Li Xiaohan Chen Hui Liu Le Cheng Shiyu Zhong Qiang Zhu Jian Lu CityU-Shenzhen Futian Research Institute Shenzhen 518045China Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Department of Mechanical Engineering Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials ScienceGreater Bay Joint DivisionCity University of Hong KongTat Chee AvenueKowloonHong KongChina Centre for Advanced Structural Materials City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research InstituteGreater Bay Joint DivisionShenyang National Laboratory for Materials ScienceShenzhen 518057China

High levels of Al and Ti in superalloy compositions normally lead to cracking formation during the laser powder bed fusion process,while these elements are key constituents of strengthening *** the current study,a novel Co-based superalloy with the basic chemical composition of Co-Al-W-Ta-Ti resolved this contradiction,indicating that the part was formed without cracking and simultaneously contained a large amount of strengthening precipitates in the microstructure fabricated via laser powder bed *** printability,microstructures,and mechanical properties of the sample were analysed before and after heat treatment,providing a potential superalloy that can replace Ni-based superalloys fabricated by additive manufacturing in aerospace and other industries with higher temperature and more efficiency.

关键词： Co-based superalloy Laser powder bed fusion Printability Microstructure mechanical properties

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Co single atoms and nanoparticles dispersed on N-doped carbon nanotube as high-performance catalysts for Zn-air batteries

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Rare Metals 2022年第6期41卷 2055-2062页

作者： Jing-Jing Chen Shuai Gu Rui Hao Zhen-Yu Wang Mu-Qing Li Zhi-Qiang Li Kun Liu Ke-Meng Liao Zhi-Qiang Wang He Huang Ying-Zhi Li Kai-Li Zhang Zhou-Guang Lu Department of Materials Science and Engineering Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Materials for Electric PowerShenzhen Key Laboratory of Interfacial Science and Engineering of MaterialsSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Department of Mechanical Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

Diminishing the size of active sites in catalysts is promis-ing to improve the kinetics of oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and reduce the cost of metal-air ***,the facile preparation of high-performance catalysts with nanoscale active sites still suffers from great ***,we report a facile template-free strategy to fabri-cate Co single atoms and nanoparticles dispersed on porous N-doped carbon nanotube(Co-NCNT)by the pyrolysis of the composites of metal-organic complexes and porous carbon *** from the conventional strategy,the precursor metal-organic complexes in this work were prepared under mild conditions and used without complex purification *** with the pristine carbon nanotube,N-doped carbon nanotube with abundant meso-pores contribute to the formation of nanoscale Co sites.

关键词： nanoparticles composites carbon

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Design of A Novel Statically Balanced Mechanism for End-effector-type Upper Limb Assistance

Design of A Novel Statically Balanced Mechanism for End-effe...

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2025 IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics, ICM 2025

作者： Meng, Qizhi Jiang, Ming Tang, Ruijie Kuo, Chin-Hsing Ceccarelli, Marco Takeda, Yukio Institute of Science Tokyo Department of Mechanical Engineering Tokyo Japan Tsinghua University Department of Mechanical Engineering Beijing China School of Mechanical Materials Mechatronic and Biomedical Engineering University of Wollongong Australia University of Rome Tor Vergata Department of Industrial Engineering Rome Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9798331533892

Partial loss of upper limb motor function is a typical sequela of stroke. To help such patients actively cope with daily challenges and improve their quality of life, limb functional assistances play important roles. To this end, this paper proposes a three-degree-of-freedom parallel mechanism, which can be used for human upper limb assistance. The base of the proposed mechanism is a circular track that can be attached to the waist of the human body. The mechanism consists of two chains containing parallelogram linkage, which presents good constraints for the mobile platform and facilitates the static balance design by adding springs, thereby providing reliable assistive functions and lightweight portability. The mobility of the proposed mechanism is analyzed via the screw theory, and it is verified that the mechanism generates the aimed movements. Then, the kinematic analysis of the mechanism is presented. Finally, the static balance design is carried out in detail, and the spring constants of the three added springs are calculated. The result shows that the mechanism can achieve perfect static balance. The proposed mechanism is expected to provide a potential candidate for assistive devices and be developed into a prototype providing upper limb assistance. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： End effectors

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Does friction contribute to formability improvement using servo press?

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Friction 2023年第5期11卷 820-835页

作者： Kali PRASAD Aishwary GUPTA Hariharan KRISHNASWAMY Uday CHAKKINGAL Dilip K.BANERJEE Myoung-Gyu LEE Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai 600036India Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai 600036India Material Measurement Laboratory National Institute of Standards and Technology(NIST)Gaithersburg 20899USA

Servo press forming machines are advanced forming systems that are capable of imparting interrupted punch motion,resulting in enhanced room temperature *** exact mechanism of the formability improvement is not yet *** contribution of interrupted motion in the ductility improvement has been studied through stress relaxation phenomena in uniaxial tensile(UT)***,the reason for improved formability observed when employing servo press is complicated due to the additional contribution from frictional *** the present work,an attempt is made to decouple the friction effect on formability improvement *** improved formability is studied using a hole expansion test(HET).The limit of forming during hole expansion is modeled using the Hosford–Coulomb(HC)damage criteria,which is implemented as a user subroutine in a commercial explicit finite element(FE)*** the contribution of stress relaxation is accounted for in the evolution of the damage variable during interrupted ***,the difference between simulation and experimental hole expansion ratio(HER)can be used to decouple the friction effect from the overall formability improvement during hole *** improvement in HER due to stress relaxation and friction effect is *** study showed that the model effectively captures the hole expansion deformation process in both monotonic and interrupted loading *** to stress relaxation,friction effect played a major role during interrupted HET.

关键词： servo press hole expansion test(HET) dual phase steel finite element(FE)analysis Hosford-Coulomb(HC)ductile fracture model

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Direct ink writing of gradient shear-stiffening elastomer for enhanced toughness and impact resistance

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Journal of Industrial and engineering Chemistry 2025年 149卷 593-603页

作者： Gong, Liping Zhao, Chunyu Lu, Hongda Zhang, Qingtian Chen, Zexin Yang, Junjie Yang, Jinyu Sun, Shuaishuai Du, Haiping Li, Weihua School of Mechanical Materials Mechatronic and Biomedical Engineering University of Wollongong Wollongong2522 Australia CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behaviour and Design of Materials Department of Modern Mechanics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230027 China School of Electrical Computer and Telecommunication Engineering University of Wollongong Wollongong2522 Australia

Shear-stiffening materials have garnered significant attention due to their inherent ability to rapidly respond to changes in strain rate. However, conventional studies on these materials exhibit limited mechanical performance and insufficient structural design, hindering applications in material science and smart mechatronics. Inspired by the gradient structure of a squid beak, this study uses a direct-ink-writing (DIW) technology to develop a novel gradient shear-stiffening elastomer (GSSE). Comprehensive characterizations were conducted to optimize the printability of the shear-stiffening elastomer under various testing conditions, including rheology, compression, and tension. Additionally, the toughness and impact resistance of the elastomer were systematically investigated. It is demonstrated that the biomimetic GSSE exhibits enhanced flexibility, efficient energy dissipation, and outstanding impact resistance. Consequently, this work advances the field of shear-stiffening elastomers for diverse applications by leveraging the gradient structure design strategy to achieve superior mechanical performance under complex loading conditions. © 2025 The Author(s)

关键词： Strain rate

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Impact of zinc oxide nanoparticles on the mechanical properties of coir fiber reinforced composites for sustainable development

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Interactions 2024年第1期245卷 1-10页

作者： Mohanavel, Vinayagam Kannan, Sathish Raja, Thandavamoorthy Kulandaivel, Arul Ganesh, Nagaraja Soudagar, Manzoore Elahi Mohammad Centre for Materials Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research Tamil Nadu Selaiyur Chennai600073 India Department of Mechanical Engineering Chandigarh University Punjab Mohali140413 India Department of Mechanical Engineering Amity University Dubai345019 United Arab Emirates Materials Science Lab Department of Prosthodontics Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals SIMATS Saveetha University Chennai India Department of Mechanical Engineering Agni College of Technology Tamil Nadu Chennai600130 India Department of Mechanical Engineering Madurai Institute of Engineering and Technology Tamil Nadu Pottapalayam Sivagangai District India Dehradun Uttarakhand248002 India

Last few decades the light weight polymer composites play a key role in engineering applications. In recent days Polymer composites gain more attention nowadays than the conventional materials and nanomaterials-based polymer composites reveal better functionalities than traditional materials. The size of the filler is found to influence the mechanical strength of the composites. In this present study composite samples were prepared with 30 weight% Cocosnucifera fibers in epoxy matrix due to that higher fiber content can impair composite quality like increased viscosity and poor fiber dispersion. The effect of adding different weight% of Zinc oxide nanoparticles (0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2wt %) on the mechanical properties of the composites were investigated. The size of the ZnO particles was between 30 and 50 nm. Studies conducted revealed that the addition of ZnO nanoparticles produced an increase in the mechanical properties of the composites. Optimum mechanical strength was obtained for the composites with 1.5wt% addition of ZnO in the matrix. Scanning electron microscopic studies revealed that failure was due to fiber breakage, pullouts and higher nanoparticle loading produced lack of enough interfacial adhesion between fiber and matrix. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： ZnO nanoparticles

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