The rational design of electrodes is the key to achieving ultrahigh-power performance in electrochemical energy storage ***,we have constructed well-organized and integrated three-dimensional(3D)carbon tube(CT)grids(3...
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The rational design of electrodes is the key to achieving ultrahigh-power performance in electrochemical energy storage ***,we have constructed well-organized and integrated three-dimensional(3D)carbon tube(CT)grids(3D-CTGs)using a 3D porous anodic aluminum oxide template-assisted method as electrodes of electrical double-layer capacitors(EDLCs),showing excellent frequency response *** unique design warrants fast ion migration channels,excellent electronic conductivity,and good structural *** study achieved one of the highest carbon-based ultrahigh-power EDLCs with the 3D-CTG electrodes,resulting in ultrahigh power of 437 and 1708 W·cm−3 with aqueous and organic electrolytes,*** constructed with these electrodes would have important application prospects in the ultrahigh-power *** rational design and fabrication of the 3D-CTGs electrodes have demonstrated their capability to build capacitors with ultrahighpower performance and open up new possibilities for applications requiring high-power output.
Inspired by molecular catalysts,researchers developed atomically precise nitrogen-coordinated single or dual metal sites imbedded in graphitized carbon(M-N-C)to fully utilize metallic sites for *** catalysts performed...
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Inspired by molecular catalysts,researchers developed atomically precise nitrogen-coordinated single or dual metal sites imbedded in graphitized carbon(M-N-C)to fully utilize metallic sites for *** catalysts performed remarkably well in the electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)due to their distinct coordination and electrical structures,Nonetheless,their maximum efficacy in practical applications has yet to be *** agenda identifies tailoring the coordination environment,spin states,intersite distance,and metal-metal interaction as innovative approaches to regulate the ORR performance of these ***,it is necessary to undertake a precise assessment of these methodologies and the knowledge obtained to be implemented in the design of future M-N-C catalysts for ***,this review aims to analyze recent progress in M-N-C ORR catalysts,emphasizing their innovative engineering with aspects such as alteration in intersite distance,metal-metal interaction,coordination environment,and spin ***,we critically discuss how to logically monitor the atomic structure,local coordination,spin,and electronic states of M-N-C catalysts to modulate their ORR *** have also highlighted the challenges associated with M-N-C catalysts and proposed suggestions for their future design and fabrication.
W–Cu refractory alloys are widely used in aerospace,aviation,electronics,power,and other fi ***,because of its large melting point diff erence between alloy elements,the conventional powder metallurgy method required...
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W–Cu refractory alloys are widely used in aerospace,aviation,electronics,power,and other fi ***,because of its large melting point diff erence between alloy elements,the conventional powder metallurgy method required a long time of high temperature sintering is very likely to cause low density and abnormal grain size ***,90W-10Cu refractory alloys were successfully prepared by hot oscillatory pressing(HOP)under diff erent sintering time in this *** the infl uence of sintering time on the microstructure,grain size,density,Vickers hardness,room-tensile property,and electrical conductivity of the W–Cu refractory alloy was systematically *** results showed that during the short sintering time(30–90 min),the density,Vickers hardness,tensile strength,and electrical conductivity of the W–Cu refractory alloy increased signifi cantly to 98.7%,163.29 HV 30,507.3 MPa,and 14.2%International Annealed Copper Standard with the sintering time increasing,respectively,while its grain size showed no obvious *** the sintering time further increased to 120 min,the density was basically consistent with the sintering time of 90 ***,the prolonged high temperature sintering resulted in the grain growth of the samples,which caused the deterioration of the Vickers hardness,room-tensile strength,and conductivity properties of the W–Cu refractory *** the same sintering time,the density,Vickers hardness,and electrical conductivity of the HOP sintered W–Cu refractory alloy were signifi cantly higher than those of the HP sintered *** was indicated that high density,fi ne-grain,and excellent properties W–Cu refractory alloys could be prepared by hot oscillatory pressing under appropriate sintering time.
Energy storage is the key for large-scale application of renewable energy,however,massive efficient en-ergy storage is very *** hydride(MgH_(2))offers a wide range of potential applications as an energy carrier due to...
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Energy storage is the key for large-scale application of renewable energy,however,massive efficient en-ergy storage is very *** hydride(MgH_(2))offers a wide range of potential applications as an energy carrier due to its advantages of low cost,abundant supplies,and high energy storage ***,the practical application of MgH_(2) for energy storage is still impeded by its sluggish kinetics,poor cycling stability,***,we provide an overview of recent advances of MgH_(2) for enhancing the hydrogen storage,lithium-ion storage,and heat storage *** hydrogen storage,a particular emphasis was put on altering the kinetics and thermodynamics of MgH_(2) via catalyzing,alloying,nano-sizing,and *** to MgH_(2) as a battery anode material mainly focus on the effect of additives,electrolytes,and structure *** heat storage apparatus was proposed based on MgH_(2) and coupled with other materials or systems to improve the heat storage and economic ***,prospects of MgH_(2) in these fields are *** review would stimulate more insightful and pioneering research for the design and preparation of MgH_(2) with excellent energy storage performances.
We report the scalable fabrication of CdS/ZnS 1D/2D heterojunctions under ambient air conditions(i.e.,room temperature and atmospheric pressure)in which ZnS nanoparticles are anchored on the surface of CdS *** as-form...
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We report the scalable fabrication of CdS/ZnS 1D/2D heterojunctions under ambient air conditions(i.e.,room temperature and atmospheric pressure)in which ZnS nanoparticles are anchored on the surface of CdS *** as-formed heterojunctions exhibit a significantly enhanced photocatalytic H_(2) evolution rate of 14.02 mmol h^(-1) g^(-1) when irradiated with visible light,which is~10 and 85 times higher than those of pristine CdS nanosheets and CdS nanoparticles,respectively,and superior to most of the CdS-based photocatalysts reported to ***,they provide robust photocatalytic performance with demonstratable stability over 58 h,indicating their potential for practical *** formation of 1D/2D heterojunctions not only provides improved exposed active sites that respond to illumination but also provides a rapid pathway to generate photogenerated carriers for efficient separation and transfer through the matrix of single-crystalline CdS *** addition,first-principles simulations demonstrate that the existence of rich Zn vacancies increases the energy level of the ZnS valence band maximum to construct type-II and Z-scheme mixed heterojunctions,which plays a critical role in suppressing the recombination of carriers with limited photocorrosion of CdS to enhance photocatalytic behavior.
Nanocarrier and exosome encapsulation has been found to significantly increase the efficacy of targeted drug delivery while also minimizing unwanted side ***,the development of exosome-encapsulated drug nanocarriers i...
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Nanocarrier and exosome encapsulation has been found to significantly increase the efficacy of targeted drug delivery while also minimizing unwanted side ***,the development of exosome-encapsulated drug nanocarriers is limited by low drug loading efficiencies and/or complex,time-consuming drug loading ***,we have developed an acoustofluidic device that simultaneously performs both drug loading and exosome *** synergistically leveraging the acoustic radiation force,acoustic microstreaming,and shear stresses in a rotating droplet,the concentration,and fusion of exosomes,drugs,and porous silica nanoparticles is *** final product consists of drug-loaded silica nanocarriers that are encased within an exosomal *** drug loading efficiency is significantly improved,with nearly 30%of the free drug(e.g.,doxorubicin)molecules loaded into the ***,this acoustofluidic drug loading system circumvents the need for complex chemical modification,allowing drug loading and encapsulation to be completed within a matter of *** exosome-encapsulated nanocarriers exhibit excellent efficiency in intracellular transport and are capable of significantly inhibiting tumor cell *** utilizing physical forces to rapidly generate hybrid nanocarriers,this acoustofluidic drug loading platform wields the potential to significantly impact innovation in both drug delivery research and applications.
Refractory high-entropy alloys(RHEAs)exhibit outstanding strength at room temperature,but their high-temperature applications are hindered by severe ***,we report slip-band-driven dy-namic recrystallization to enhance...
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Refractory high-entropy alloys(RHEAs)exhibit outstanding strength at room temperature,but their high-temperature applications are hindered by severe ***,we report slip-band-driven dy-namic recrystallization to enhance the high-temperature strain hardening of HfNbTaTiZr *** intro-ducing partial lattice defects through hot forging,we increase the nucleation sites for dynamic recrys-tallization during subsequent thermomechanical deformation,thus suppressing the strain-softening *** reveal that the high-temperature deformation is governed by the formation of heterogeneous bimodal grains along slip bands,which effectively constrain dislocation motion and improve strength,while microbands prevent premature *** fracture mode also changes from ductile to mixed to cleavage-dominated with increasing *** results demonstrate a simple and effective method for overcoming high-temperature strain-softening for BCC high entropy alloys.
The 5.0 vol.%GNP/2024Al composites were prepared by accumulated shear deformation combined with heat treatment,*** thermomechanical treatment(TMT).The results showed that homogeneous distributed GNPs that aligned alon...
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The 5.0 vol.%GNP/2024Al composites were prepared by accumulated shear deformation combined with heat treatment,*** thermomechanical treatment(TMT).The results showed that homogeneous distributed GNPs that aligned along the plastic deformation direction were obtained by six-pass drawing in the solution heat treatment *** introducing of high-density dislocations in Al matrix by multiple drawing resulted in enhanced nucleation of precipitates and subsequent uniform growth during ***,ultra-strength GNP/2024Al composites,with yield and ultimate tensile strength 482 and571 MPa,respectively,were *** high strength was attributed to homogeneous dispersion of undamaged GNPs,fine and dispersed precipitations and work-hardening *** work demonstrated that TMT could act as a feasible strategy for preparing high-performance GNP/Al composites.
Biodegradable magnesium(Mg)alloys exhibit great potential for use as temporary structures in tissue engineering *** degradable implants require no secondary surgery for their *** addition,their comparable mechanical p...
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Biodegradable magnesium(Mg)alloys exhibit great potential for use as temporary structures in tissue engineering *** degradable implants require no secondary surgery for their *** addition,their comparable mechanical properties with the human bone,together with excellent biocompatibility,make them a suitable candidate for fracture ***,some challenges *** degradation of the Mg-based alloys in physiological environments leads to a loss of the mechanical support that is needed for complete tissue healing and also to the accumulation of hydrogen gas bubbles at the interface of the implant and *** different methods used to improve the performance of the biodegradable Mg alloys to address these challenges,it appears that heat treatment is the most effective way to modify the microstructure and thus the corrosion behavior and mechanical properties without changing the composition or shape of the alloys.A desirable combination of corrosion and mechanical properties can be obtained through a precise control of the heat treatment *** this report,the effects of different heat treatments(T4 and T6)on the microstructure,corrosion behavior,and mechanical properties of some of the most important heat-treatable biodegradable Mg alloys(Mg-Zn,Mg-Gd,Mg-Y,Mg-Nd,Mg-Al and Mg-Ag)are examined as well as new perspectives to enhance their clinical implementation.
Nitrogen processed, cold sprayed commercially pure(CP)-Al coatings on Mg-based alloys mostly lack acceptable hardness, wear resistance and most importantly are highly susceptible to localized corrosion in chloride con...
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Nitrogen processed, cold sprayed commercially pure(CP)-Al coatings on Mg-based alloys mostly lack acceptable hardness, wear resistance and most importantly are highly susceptible to localized corrosion in chloride containing solutions. In this research, commercially pure α-Ti top coating having good pitting potential(~1293 mV_(SCE)), high microhardness(HV_(0.025): 263.03) and low wear rate was applied on a CP-Al coated Mg-based alloy using high pressure cold spray technology. Potentiodynamic polarization(PDP) curves indicated that the probability of transition from metastable pits to the stable pits for cold spayed(CS) Al coating is considerably higher compared to that with the CS Ti top coating(for Ti/Al/Mg system). In addition, CS Ti top coating was in the passivation region in most pH ranges even after 48 h immersion in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution. The stored energy in the CS Ti top coating(as a passive metal) was presumed to be responsible for the easy passivation. Immersion tests indicated no obvious pits formation on the intact CS Ti top coating surface and revealed effective corrosion protection performance of the CS double layered noble barrier coatings on Mg alloys in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution even after 264 h.
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