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Measurement of Cationic Diffusivity Through Er2O3/Y2O3 Interdiffusion Under AC-Flash Event

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Yang, Ying Masuda, Hiroshi Yoshida, Hidehiro Department of Materials Science and Engineering School of Engineering The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-8656 Japan Next Generation Zirconia Social Cooperation Program Institute of Engineering Innovation The University of Tokyo 2-11-16 Yayoi Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-8656 Japan

The diffusivity of Er cations in Y2O3 was directly investigated using Er2O3/Y2O3 interdiffusion couples under alternating current (AC) flash events. Compared to the conventional heat treatment with no electric field, the AC-flash treatment resulted in a 3-times longer diffusion distance within a 33-times shorter duration at comparable specimen temperatures. This indicates that the cationic interdiffusion was athermally promoted by an AC electric field. At the specimen temperatures of 1520℃–1760℃, both the lattice and grain boundary diffusivities were 2–3 orders greater under AC-flash events than without the electric field. Grain growth and grain boundary migration associated with remarkable grain boundary bowing-out were also enhanced with increasing current density. The pronounced decrease in the activation energy of grain boundary diffusion under flash events was suggested as the origin of the athermal effect of AC electric field on the mass transport kinetics. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Grain growth

Investigation and optimization of a sharp-edge-based acoustofluidic micromixer 21

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Investigation and optimization of a sharp-edge-based acousto...

21st International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life sciences, MicroTAS 2017

作者： Zhao, Shuaiguo Huang, Po-Hsun Yang, Shujie Zhang, Peiran Huang, Tony J. Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke University United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780692941836

Recently, we have developed a sharp-edge-based acoustofluidic micromixer that can achieve rapid and homogeneous mixing of separate fluids [1]. Extending our previous work, we herein investigate how alternative design parameters affect the mixing efficiency. Through optimization, we have improved the throughput of our sharp-edge-based acoustofluidic micromixer from 5 μL/min to 30 μL/min, and reduced the mixing time from 200 ms to 80 ms. Moreover, we have proven, for the first time, that our sharp-edge-based acoustofluidic micromixer is capable of mixing highly-viscous fluids. © 17CBMS-0001.

关键词： Mixing

Research on the implementation and testing of blockchain-based information sharing system for emergency material distributionResearch on the implementation and testing of blockchain-based information sharing system for emergency material distribution

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Research on the implementation and testing of blockchain-bas...

12th International Conference on Transportation and Traffic engineering (ICTTE 2023)

作者： Jinjin Fei Hongmei Shan Yu Liu Jing Shi College of Modern Posts Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications Xi'an Shaanxi 710061 People's Republic of China Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering College of Engineering & Applied Science University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH 45221 USA

ISBN: (数字)9781837240814

Emergency Material Distribution (EMD) is critical to protecting lives and property and mitigating the impact of emergencies. Currently, the traditional emergency material distribution information sharing system has hidden dangers such as data tampering and information opacity, and blockchain provides ideas to solve this problem. In this context, this paper designs and implements a blockchain-based full-cycle information sharing system for emergency material distribution, which provides a decentralised traceability solution. Meanwhile, this paper conducts simulation experiments to implement the designed information sharing system for emergency material distribution. The experiments not only verify the feasibility and efficiency of the system, but also show that the system has satisfactory performance and storage effect, providing a scientific basis for emergency decision-making.

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Effect of Titanium Nitride Inclusions on the mechanical Properties of Direct Laser Deposited Inconel 718

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Lim, Kwang-Hyeok Ryou, KenHee Choi, Jae-Hoon Choi, Gwanghyo Choi, Won Seok Lee, Jeong-Hwan Oh, Chang-Seok Choi, Pyuck-Pa Sim, Gi-Dong Department of Mechanical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon34141 Korea Republic of Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon34141 Korea Republic of Materials Data Center Korea Institute of Materials Science Changwon51508 Korea Republic of

Additive manufacturing of metal is attractive for its ability to fabricate complex and tailored structures. However, unusual thermal history during the manufacturing process creates unique microstructures, which leads to inhomogeneous mechanical behavior. In this paper, we report the room temperature and high temperature mechanical properties of Inconel 718 fabricated by laser-based directed energy deposition. Surprisingly, failure strain at all tested temperatures exhibited noticeable scatter, which is attributed to the formation of titanium nitride (TiN) inclusions. Despite heat treatment to reduce inhomogeneity of the as-built microstructure, heat-treated additively manufactured (AMed) Inconel 718 exhibited further increase in distribution and size of TiN and highly scattered mechanical properties. Experimental investigation (strain mapping, fractography, and X-ray microscope) supported by finite element analysis implies that premature failure of AMed Inconel 718 is mainly due to transgranular cracks of the TiN inclusions that propagates into the matrix. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Textures

EFFECT OF MULTI-PASS COLD ROLLING ON THE CORROSION PROPERTIES OF 2101 DUPLEX STAINLESS STEEL 11

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EFFECT OF MULTI-PASS COLD ROLLING ON THE CORROSION PROPERTIE...

11th European Stainless Steel Conference science and Market, ESSC 2022 and 7th European Duplex Stainless Steel Conference and Exhibition, DUPLEX 2022

作者： Pezzato, Luca Gennari, Claudio Settimi, Alessio Giorgio Kemény, Alexandra Mészáros, István Calliari, Irene Department of Industrial Engineering University of Padua Via Marzolo 9. PadovaI-35131 Italy Department of Materials Science and Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Budapest University of Technology and Economics Műegyetem rkp. 3. BudapestH-1111 Hungary MTA-BME Lendület Composite Metal Foams Research Group Műegyetem rkp. 3. BudapestH-1111 Hungary

ISBN: (纸本)9788898990269

Duplex stainless steels (DSS) are increasingly employed in the industry based on their combination of good mechanical properties and high corrosion resistance. These properties are achieved by stabilising quasi-equal volume fractions of the austenitic and ferritic phases at room temperature. The pitting resistance of a DSS is influenced by its chemical composition, presence of second phases, heat treatment, grain size, cold working, as-well-as surface roughness. In this research, LDX 2101 (EN 1.4162) lean DSS is investigated at different grades of cold deformation (thickness reduction from 9% to 61%), obtained by multi-pass cold rolling. The effect of this type of cold-working method on the corrosion properties of the material was evaluated by means of potentiodynamic polarization tests at room temperature in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution and of critical pitting temperature (CPT) evaluation in 1 M NaCl solution. The results of the corrosion tests were also linked with proper OM and SEM microstructural observation and with results of XRD tests. The results showed that the multi-pass cold rolling does not affect the corrosion properties of the investigated material with deformation steps that are © ESSC and DUPLEX 2022. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cold rolling

Plasma Surface Treatment of Cocr and Nicr Alloys for Dental Applications: A Comparative Study of Tin Thin Film Plasma Deposition Techniques

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Balica, Naasson Matheus Pereira Almeida, Larissa Solano Rossino, Luciana Sgarbi Pupim, Denise Monção, Renan Matos Costa, Thércio Henrique de Carvalho Santos, Rafaela Luiz Pereira Sousa, Rômulo Ribeiro Magalhães Nunes, Lívio César Cunha Federal University of Piauí Technology Center Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering Avenida Universitária s/n Ininga PI Teresina Brazil Federal University of São Carlos Graduate Program in Materials Science SP Sorocaba Brazil University of São Paulo Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry Avenida do Café SP Ribeirão Preto Brazil Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Technology Center Department of Mechanical Engineering University Campus Natal RN Lagoa Nova Brazil

Cobalt-chromium and nickel-chromium metal alloys have been widely used as biomaterials in the dental field due to their excellent physical-mechanical properties and biocompatibility, as well as the low cost of the material. However, in unfavorable environments, such as the oral cavity, these dental prostheses composed of these alloys can suffer alterations in their structure where they can undergo rapid changes with the surface corrosion process, which can vary with pH and temperature, typically related to changes in the patient's diet. The aim of this work is to carry out a comparative study between the cathodic cage (CC) and hollow cathode (HC) methods, in which a plasma deposition treatment of titanium nitride (TiN) thin films was carried out on CoCr and NiCr samples, in order to subsequently evaluate their surface characteristics and tribological properties in relation to each method. The samples were characterized using X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM/EDS) and micro abrasive wear tests on each sample from the three groups of alloys mentioned. It was observed that the TiN films provided greater resistance to the wear mechanism of all the samples, where through the characterizations, it can be inferred that the two types of treatments carried out on the samples are suitable for dental applications. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Chromium alloys

Fucoxanthin induces human melanoma cytotoxicity by thwarting the JAK2/STAT3/BCL-xL signaling axis

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Environmental Toxicology 2024年第6期39卷 3356-3366页

作者： Kuo, Min-Yung Dai, Wen-Chyi Chang, Jie-Li Chang, Jo-Shu Lee, Tse-Min Chang, Chia-Che Pediatric Surgery Division Department of Surgery Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital Taichung Taiwan Doctoral Program in Biotechnology Industrial Innovation and Management National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan Taichung Municipal Taichung First Senior High School Taichung Taiwan Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy Tunghai University Taichung Taiwan Department of Life Sciences National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences Master Program in Precision Health Doctoral Program in Translational Medicine Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Research Center National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology Asia University Taichung Taiwan Department of Medical Research China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei Taiwan

Melanoma is the most lethal skin malignancy. Fucoxanthin is a marine carotenoid with significant anticancer activities. Intriguingly, Fucoxanthin's impact on human melanoma remains elusive. Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) represents a promising target in cancer therapy due to its persistent activation in various cancers, including melanoma. Herein, we revealed that Fucoxanthin is cytotoxic to human melanoma cell lines A2758 and A375 while showing limited cytotoxicity to normal human melanocytes. Apoptosis is a primary reason for Fucoxanthin's melanoma cytotoxicity, as the pan-caspase inhibitor z-VAD-fmk drastically abrogated Fucoxanthin-elicited clonogenicity blockage. Besides, Fucoxanthin downregulated tyrosine 705-phosphorylated STAT3 (p-STAT3 (Y705)), either inherently present in melanoma cells or inducible by interleukin 6 (IL-6) stimulation. Notably, ectopic expression of STAT3-C, a dominant-active STAT3 mutant, abolished Fucoxanthin-elicited melanoma cell apoptosis and clonogenicity inhibition, supporting the pivotal role of STAT3 blockage in Fucoxanthin's melanoma cytotoxicity. Moreover, Fucoxanthin lowered BCL-xL levels by blocking STAT3 activation, while ectopic BCL-xL expression rescued melanoma cells from Fucoxanthin-induced killing. Lastly, Fucoxanthin was found to diminish the levels of JAK2 with dual phosphorylation at tyrosine residues 1007 and 1008 in melanoma cells, suggesting that Fucoxanthin impairs STAT3 signaling by blocking JAK2 activation. Collectively, we present the first evidence that Fucoxanthin is cytotoxic selectively against human melanoma cells while sparing normal melanocytes. Mechanistically, Fucoxanthin targets the JAK2/STAT3/BCL-xL antiapoptotic axis to provoke melanoma cell death. This discovery implicates the potential application of Fucoxanthin as a chemopreventive or therapeutic strategy for melanoma management. © 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.

关键词： Carotenoids

Micro-mechanism associated with very high cycle fatigue crack initiation of advanced DQ&P processed steel

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Procedia Structural Integrity 2022年 42卷 919-926页

作者： Sumit Ghosh Bernd M. Schönbauer Sakari Pallaspuro Mahesh Somani Herwig Mayer Jukka Kömi Materials and Mechanical Engineering Centre for Advanced Steels Research University of Oulu Oulu 90014 Finland Department of Material Sciences and Process Engineering Institute of Physics and Materials Science University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU Vienna 1190 Austria

In the present study, very high cycle fatigue (VHCF) characteristics and properties of a direct quenched and partitioned (DQ&P) medium carbon (0.4 wt.% C) steel having ultrahigh-strength (UTS > 2 GPa) was investigated using an ultrasonic-fatigue testing technique (∼19 kHz frequency) up to ∼10 10 cycles at the load ratio ( R ) of −1 (fully reversed tension-compression). The occurrence of crack initiation in the VHCF regime was observed at interior non-metallic inclusions. The microstructural changes following VHCF failure underneath the fracture surfaces near the crack initiation sites were further investigated through transmission electron microscopy. Formation of a clear nanograined subsurface layer adjacent to the crack initiating site at the interior inclusion was noticeably evident. The variation of average grain size (60 − 140 nm) and thickness (300 − 1200 nm) of nanograined layers at different number of cycles to failure were measured in detail. Apparently, localized plastic deformation caused the fragmentation of martensitic laths and hence, the formation of aforesaid ultrafine-grained layers in the microstructures.

关键词： Direct Quenched partitioned steel Very high cycle fatigue Crack initiation Optically dark area Failure micromechanisms

Microstructure Observation of T-Phases in Al-Zn-Mg Alloy with Low Zn/Mg Ratio

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Ahmed, Abrar Lee, Seungwon Tsuchiya, Taiki Matsuda, Kenji Nishimura, Katsuhiko Numomura, Norio Toda, Hiroyuki Hirayama, Kyosuke Shimizu, Kazuyuki Yamaguchi, Masatake Tsuru, Tomohito Graduate School of Science and Engineering for Education University of Toyama Toyama930-8555 Japan Graduate School of Science and Engineering for Research University of Toyama Toyama930-8555 Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering Kyushu University Fukuoka819-0395 Japan Department of Materials Science and Engineering Kyoto University Kyoto606-8501 Japan Graduate School of Science and Engineering Tottori University 4-101 kyoama Minami Tottori Japan Center for Computational Science and e-Systems Japan Atomic Energy Agency Tokai Ibaraki319-1195 Japan Nuclear Science and Engineering Center Japan Atomic Energy Agency Tokai Ibaraki319-1195 Japan

For the first time, this study clarifies the T'', T', and T phases in Al-Zn-Mg alloy with a low Zn/Mg ratio and evaluates the shape of the precipitate morphology according to different zone directions of the Al matrix. The orientation relationship, shape, misfit, and interfacial conditions between the T'', T', and T phases and the Al matrix were investigated using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). We differentiated the T'' (1.387 nm), T' (1.422 nm), and T (1.456 nm) phases by calculating the lattice parameters in HR-TEM images. We also identified the T'', T', and T phases by diffraction patterns along the , , , and zone directions of the Al matrix. Additionally, we introduce the different orientation relationships of the T phase with the Al matrix, The [[[EQUATION]]0] zone direction of the Al is parallel to the [[[EQUATION]]20] direction of the T-phase, and the plane of ([[EQUATION]]1) of the Al is parallel to the plane of ([[EQUATION]]) of the T-phase. Among Al alloys, the 7xxx series is known for its superior strength due to the co-precipitation of the η and T phases. While previous research has extensively examined the precipitation sequence, composition, atomic structure, and phase transformation mechanisms of the η phase, the T phase has received less attention. Our observations provide insight into the behavior of T phase crystals, which is crucial for understanding the microstructural evolution of Al-Zn-Mg alloys and for designing materials with desired properties. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： High resolution transmission electron microscopy