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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： Thariq Shanavas Robert R. McLeod Mark E. Siemens Juliet T. Gopinath Department of Physics University of Colorado Boulder CO USA Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering University of Colorado Boulder CO USA Department of Physics University of Denver Denver CO Materials Science Engineering Program University of Colorado Boulder CO USA

We numerically compare the null quality for STED microscopy generated by Laguerre-Gaussian beams with orbital angular momentum and donut beams generated by incoherent addition of orthogonal Hermite Gaussian beams when... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171258

关键词： Biological imaging Gaussian beams Microscopy Spatial light modulators Spiral phase Step index fibers

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Reducing anisotropy of rhombohedral Bi-rich phase for high-performance Ag-alloyed Sn–Bi low-temperature solders

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Journal of materials Research and Technology 2024年 30卷 16-24页

作者： Yang, Chih-han Liu, Yu-chen Nishikawa, Hiroshi Lin, Shih-kang Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan Joining and Welding Research Institute Osaka University 11-1 Mihogaoka Ibaraki Osaka567-0047 Japan Research Center National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan Program on Smart and Sustainable Manufacturing Academy of Innovative Semiconductor and Sustainable Manufacturing National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan Core Facility Center National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan

The rhombohedral structure is with anisotropic properties, leading to brittle mechanical properties. However, it is one of the major constituent phases, the (Bi) phase, in the Sn–Bi-based low-temperature solders, which is demanding in the electronic industry for reducing the soldering temperature and alleviating the warpage in high-density fine-pitch electronic packaging. Herein, we proposed a high-performance Ag-alloyed Sn–Bi (SBA) low-temperature solder by reducing the fraction and, more importantly, the anisotropy of the (Bi) phase. We found that the (Bi) phase exhibited considerable solubility for Ag and Sn, even after thermal aging, without any nanoprecipitates as confirmed with both CALPHAD-type thermodynamic modeling and high-resolution TEM. The solution effects of Ag and Sn in the (Bi) phase is elaborated based on in situ nano-indentation, EPMA compositional analyses, EBSD characterizations, and ab initio calculations. The presence of Ag and Sn in the (Bi) phases resulted in both solid solution hardening and softening effects, depending on the Schmid factor of the grain. As a result, in (Bi) polycrystals, alloying could effectively mitigate the anisotropic mechanical properties of the (Bi) phase and facilitated a more uniform dispersion of forces exerted among (Bi) grains in all orientations. Consequently, the designed SBA solder exhibited superior mechanical properties, e.g., an ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 55 MPa, elongation of 46%, and toughness of 20.6 × 106 J/m3 at a strain rate of 0.0005 s−1. This understanding opens the door for enhanced rhombohedral phase in alloy design for various applications. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Anisotropy

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Investigation of different membrane porosities on the permeate flux of direct contact membrane distillation 6th

Investigation of different membrane porosities on the permea...

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6th International Conference on Composite materials and Material engineering, ICCMME 2021

作者： Elrasheedy, Asmaa Rabie, Mohammed Elshazly, Ahmed Bassyouni, Mohamed El-Moneim, Ahmed Abd Kady, Marwa El Alexandria21934 Egypt Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Port Said University Port Said42526 Egypt Mechanical Power Engineering Department Mansoura University El-Mansoura35516 Egypt Chemical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Alexandria University Alexandria21544 Egypt Materials Science Program Zewail University of Science and Technology City of Science and Technology October Gardens 6th of October Giza12578 Egypt Materials Science and Engineering Department Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology NewBorg El-Arab Alexandria21934 Egypt Institute of Basic and Applied Sciences Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology New Borg El-Arab Alexandria21934 Egypt Borg El-Arab City Alexandria21934 Egypt

ISBN: (纸本)9783035718195

In the present study the surface morphology of electrospun fibers at different polystyrene (PS) solution concentration was studied by SEM imaging to determine the best PS solution concentration yielding continuous uniform beadles fibers. Contact angle measurements of the optimum fabricated PS-18 membrane confirmed the super hydrophobic property of the membrane that exhibited a static water contact angle of 145o . Numerical investigation of the performance of PS-18 membrane at different membrane thicknesses and porosities on direct contact membrane distillation showed that increasing the membrane porosity increases the permeate flux considerably. © 2021 Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Switzerland.

关键词： Polystyrenes

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Enhanced Composite Design Through Incorporation of Tribological Considerations in Micromechanical Models

Enhanced Composite Design Through Incorporation of Tribologi...

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Sport, Technology and Research (STAR), IEEE International Workshop on

作者： S. Kamal Jalali Nicola Pugno Department of Civil Environmental and Mechanical Engineering Laboratory for Bioinspired Bionic Nano Meta Materials and Mechanics Universita di Trento Trento Italy School of Engineering and Material Science Queen Mary University of London London United Kingdom

This paper proposes a micromechanical framework for predicting the frictional behavior of composite surfaces. A numerical lattice-based model consisting of a block-spring network with the statistical distribution of local friction coefficient is introduced to determine the friction coefficients of the composite surface. Then, an analytical micromechanical model based on the Halpin-Tsai equation whose fitting parameter is related to the volume fraction of the components is developed to capture the high degree of non-proportionality of the friction coefficient to the volume fraction. The fitting parameter is calibrated to the numerical simulations and experimental data from the literature. The model is then used to predict the mechanical and frictional properties of hybrid carbon-glass-epoxy composites, and it is demonstrated how surface texturing can tune the friction coefficient. This research provides an efficient guide for designing composite parts subject to simultaneous mechanical loading and surface contacting, which are commonly encountered in sports applications. The findings of this study are significant for enhancing the design of composite materials for sports equipment and related industries.

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Properties Evaluation of Electroless Ni-Coated Low-Carbon Steels

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Journal of Nanomaterials 2022年第1期2022卷

作者： Saravanan, M. S. Senthil Ananda, V. Babu, S. P. Kumaresh Ramalingam, G. Haiter Lenin, A. Yimer, Jemal Mohammed Sajin, J.B. Tharayil, Trijo Department of Mechanical Engineering Sree Buddha College of Engineering Pattoor Kerala Alappuzha India Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli India Department of Nanoscience and Technology Science Campus Alagappa University Tamil Nadu Karaikudi630003 India Department of Mechanical Engineering WOLLO University Kombolcha Institute of Technology Post Box No: 208 Kombolcha Ethiopia

Electroless deposition or chemical coating is a well-established industrial technique that is gaining popularity. The purpose of the current investigation was to determine how long a heat treatment process had on the mechanical and corrosion performances of a Ni-P coating on low-carbon steel. The coating is performed on the low-carbon steel using Ni-P salt bath. The coated samples were heat treated at 400°C under atmospheric condition using muffle furnace. The heat treatment offers greater corrosion resistance and mechanical qualities. The coated samples were analysed using scanning electron microscope for morphological studies and X-ray diffraction analysis for phase change during heat treatment. According to the experimental findings, a heat treatment prior to coating with Ni-P layer increases hardness and corrosion resistance while lowering friction. © 2022 M. S. Senthil Saravanan et al.

关键词： Corrosion resistance

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Hydroxylation and Water-Surface Interaction for S-Glass and Silica Glass Using Reaxff Based Molecular Dynamics Simulations

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Yeon, Jejoon Chowdhury, Sanjib C. Gillespie, John W. United States Department of Materials Science & Engineering United States Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering United States Department of Mechanical Engineering United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Delaware NewarkDE19716 United States

Hydrolysis at the water-glass interface significantly influences glass surface reactivity and adhesion characteristics. In glass fiber reinforced epoxy composite interphases, hydroxyls on the glass fiber surface reacts with silane coupling agents to form covalent bonds between the fiber and polymer matrix. In this study, the surface reactivity and hydrolysis reaction of S-glass is simulated using ReaxFF molecular dynamics to investigate the formation of surface defects and hydroxyls (number density, types and spatial distribution) at four surface annealing temperature conditions (300 K, 700 K, 1000 K, and 1300 K). Our study showed that a higher areal number density of surface defects and hydroxyls formation occur at lower surface annealing temperature conditions. S-glass was predicted to have a lower number density of hydroxyls compared to pure silica glass. In addition, analysis on hydroxyl oxygen revealed the defects and oxide bond connected to Mg are responsible for hydrolysis in S-glass. RDF and hydroxyl categorization analysis revealed the S-glass could have closer proximity among hydroxyls despite the lower hydroxyl areal number density than silica glass. Lastly, silica glass showed more physisorbed water and surface energy, which agrees with previous studies. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Interfacial energy

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Interfacial engineering for high-performance garnet-based lithium metal batteries: A perspective on lithiophilicity and lithiophobicity

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EnergyChem 2024年第3期6卷

作者： Srivastava, Pavitra Bazri, Behrouz Maurya, Dheeraj Kumar Huang, Wen-Tse Liao, Yu-Kai Huang, Jheng-Yi Wei, Da-Hua Hu, Shu-Fen Liu, Ru-Shi Department of Chemistry and Advanced Research Center for Green Materials Science and Technology National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering National Taipei University of Technology Taipei Taiwan Department of Physics National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan

The research and development of energy storage devices has witnessed a paradigm shift towards the realization of solid-state lithium metal batteries owing to the high theoretical capacity of the lithium metal anode (LMA). Among all types of solid-state electrolytes (SSEs), garnet-based solid electrolytes are one of the most promising candidates which developed due to their relatively high ionic conductivity (10–4 to 10–3 mS cm–1), wide electrochemical stability window (0–6 V vs. Li+/Li), and, most importantly, thermodynamic stability with lithium. Applying suitable interfacial engineering solutions is crucial for solid-state lithium metal batteries, especially for garnet-solid electrolytes due to their brittle nature, which cannot withstand high stack pressure. In this review, we focus on the recent developments in interface engineering solutions and broadly classify them based on the interface modification approach/fabrication routes using various classes of materials. Certain vital electrochemical performance parameters have been compared closely, which gives an appropriate estimation of what types of interlayers will be suitable along with the possible mechanistic route. Moreover, the role of lithium affinity at the interface in terms of lithiophilicity and its importance, along with the presence of lithiophobic phases, is discussed as it amplifies the critical current density of the anode/solid-electrolyte interface and reduces the area-specific resistance. This article comprehensively analyzes the anode-solid-state electrolyte interface in garnet-based lithium metal batteries. It aims to provide a clear perspective on lithiophilicity and lithiophobicity to achieve high-performance batteries. © 2024

关键词： Garnets

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Confinement induced three-dimensional trajectories of microswimmers in rectangular channels

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Radhakrishnan, Byjesh N. Purushothaman, Ahana Dey, Ranabir Thampi, Sumesh P. Department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras600036 India Department of Physics and Materials Science University of Luxembourg LuxembourgL-1511 Luxembourg Department of Chemical Engineering College of Engineering King Faisal University Al-Ahsa31982 Saudi Arabia Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Sangareddy Kandi502285 India

We study the trajectories of a model microorganism inside three-dimensional channels with square and rectangular cross-sections. Using (i) numerical simulations based on lattice-Boltzmann method, and (ii) analytical expressions using far-field hydrodynamic approximations and method of images we systematically investigate the role of the strength and finite-size of the squirmer, confinement dimensions, and initial conditions in determining the three dimensional trajectories of microswimmers. Our results indicate that the hydrodynamic interactions with the confining walls of the channel significantly affect the swimming speed and trajectory of the model microswimmer. Specifically, pullers always display sliding motion inside the channel: weak pullers slide through the channel centerline, while strong pullers slide through a path close to any of the walls. Pushers generally follow helical motion in a square channel. Unlike pullers and pushers, the trajectories of neutral swimmers are not easy to generalize, and are sensitive to the initial conditions. Despite this diversity in the trajectories, the far-field expressions capture the essential features of channel-confined swimmers. Finally, we propose a method based on the principle of superposition to understand the origin of the three-dimensional trajectories of channel confined swimmers. Such construction allows us to predict and justify the origin of apparently complex 3D trajectories generated by different types of swimmers in channels with square and rectangular cross sections. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Trajectories

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Optical Imaging of Flavor Order in Flat Band Graphene

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Xie, Tian Wolf, Tobias M. Xu, Siyuan Cui, Zhiyuan Xiong, Richen Ou, Yunbo Hays, Patrick Holleis, Ludwig F. Guo, Yi Sheekey, Owen I. Patterson, Caitlin Arp, Trevor Watanabe, Kenji Taniguchi, Takashi Tongay, Seth Ariel Young, Andrea F. MacDonald, Allan H. Jin, Chenhao Department of Physics University of California at Santa Barbara Santa BarbaraCA93116 United States Department of Physics University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Materials Science and Engineering Program School of Engineering for Matter Transport and Energy Arizona State University TempeAZ85287 United States Research Center for Electronic and Optical Materials National Institute for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba305-0044 Japan Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics National Institute for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba305-0044 Japan

Spin- and valley flavor polarization plays a central role in the many-body physics of flat band graphene1–21, with fermi surface reconstructions—often accompanied by quantized anomalous Hall1–8 and superconducting state9–14—observed in a variety of experimental systems. Here we describe an optical technique that sensitively and selectively detects flavor textures via the exciton response of a proximal transition metal dichalcogenide layer. Through a systematic study of rhombohedral and rotationally faulted graphene bilayers and trilayers, we show that when the semiconducting dichalcogenide is in direct contact with the graphene, the exciton response is most sensitive to the large momentum rearrangement of the Fermi surface, providing information that is distinct from and complementary to electrical compressibility measurements. The wide-field imaging capability of optical probes allows us to obtain spatial maps of flavor orders with high throughput, and with broad temperature and device compatibility. Our work paves the way for optical probing and imaging of flavor orders in flat band graphene systems. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Graphene

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Constructing High Efficient Carrier Channels in Double Ternary Compounds Mosse/Cdsse Heterojunction for Photoelectrochemistry and Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Production

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Zhan, Yujia Yang, Han Zhang, Jun Lin, Bao Xu, Jing Yang, Shuai New Energy Materials Research Center College of Materials and Environmental Engineering Hangzhou Dianzi University Hangzhou310018 China School of Physics and Electronic Engineering Hubei University of Arts and Science Xiangyang441053 China Hubei Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Hubei University of Arts and Science Xiangyang441053 China Key Laboratory of Novel Materials for Sensor of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou Dianzi University Hangzhou310018 China Department of Mechanical Engineering Hangzhou Dianzi University Hangzhou310018 China Hangzhou Dianzi University China

Here is a demonstration of constructing MoSSe/CdSSe heterojunction catalyst from bimetallic selenium sulfides. CdSSe has a high conduction band position of -0.65 eV, resulting in a strong reduction potential of photogenerated electrons. However, the high resistance of CdSSe affects the transport of charge carriers. In addition, experiments have confirmed that the presence of S and Se in MoSSe and CdSSe enhances their chemical activity and facilitates bonding. A better connection can be formed between MoSSe and CdSSe, resulting in high carrier transport efficiency. In the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results, the Mo and Se signals showed a large shift nearly 1 eV which confirms the strong binding between MoSSe and CdSSe. In the photoelectrochemical tests, the MoSSe/CdSSe heterojunction demonstrated a photocurrent density of 3.097 mA/cm2 at 0V (RHE) which is 2.7 and 2.9 times that of MoSSe (1.227 mA/cm2) and CdSSe (1.127 mA/cm2) respectively with a low resistance of 161 Ω. Moreover, the MoSSe/CdSSe also has good electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance with an overvoltage of 180 mV and Tafel slope of 69 mV/dec. Fluorescence and photocurrent response tests confirmed its higher carrier separation efficiency. This work demonstrates the application of ternary metal selenium sulfide heterojunctions in catalytic energy materials. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Sulfur compounds

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