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Microwave torrefaction of empty fruit bunch pellet:Simulation and validation of electric field and temperature distribution

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2022年第4期7卷 270-277页

作者： Peter Nai Yuh Yek Sieng Huat Kong Ming Chiat Law Changlei Xia Rock Keey Liew Teck Sung Sie Jun Wei Lim Su Shiung Lam Centre for Research of Innovation and Sustainable Development University of Technology SarawakJalan UniversitySibuSarawak 96000Malaysia School of Foundation Studies University of Technology SarawakJalan UniversitySibuSarawak 96000Malaysia Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering and ScienceCurtin University Malaysia CampusMiriSarawak 98009Malaysia Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China NV WESTERN PLT GeorgetownPenang 10400Malaysia Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical ResearchInstitute of Self-Sustainable BuildingUniversity Technology PETRONASDarul RidzuanSeri IskandarPerak 32610Malaysia Higher Institution Centre of Excellence(HICoE) Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries(AKUATROP)University Malaysia TerengganuKuala NerusTerengganu 21030Malaysia Sustainability Cluster School of EngineeringUniversity of Petroleum&Energy StudiesDehradunUttarakhand 248007India

Microwave simulation is significant in identifying a reactor design allowing the biomass to be heated and processed *** study integrated the radio frequency and transient heat transfer modules to simulate the microwave distribution and investigated the performance of microwave heating in the *** simulation results were compared with the experimental findings us-ing the finite element analysis software of COMSOL MULTIPHYSICS to predict the temperature profile and electric field of microwave in the biomass(empty fruit bunch pellets).The higher temperature distribution was observed at the bottom and centre section of the empty fruit bunch pellet bed in the reactor,showing the uniqueness of microwave *** to the simula-tion results,the temperature profile obtained through the specific cavity geometry and dielectric properties agreed with the experimental temperature *** simulated temperature profile demonstrated a logarithmic increase of 120°C/min at the first 50 s followed by 50°C/min until 350 *** experimental temperature profile showed three different heating rates before reaching 300°C,including 78.3°C/min(50-120°C),30.6°C/min(121-250°C),and 105°C/min(250-300°C).The results of this study might contribute to the improvement of microwave heating in biomass torrefaction.

关键词： Microwave Torrefaction Simulation Energy Temperature

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Effects of Incident Angle on Single-Event Leakage Current Degradation in Heavy-Ion Irradiated 1800 v and 4500 v SiC Power MOSFETs

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IEEE Transactions on Nuclear science 2025年

作者： Sengupta, A. Martinella, C. Ball, D.R. Niskanen, K. Senarath, A.S. Islam, S. Harris, P.M. Hutson, J.M. Osheroff, J.M. Sternberg, A.L. Kettunen, H. Kosier, S.L. Grossner, U. Javanainen, A. Galloway, K.F. Schrimpf, R.D. Witulski, A.F. Zürich8092 Switzerland Vanderbilt University Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program NashvilleTN37235 United States Lipscomb University Electrical and Computer Engineering Department NashvilleTN37204 United States NASA/GSFC Code 561.4 GreenbeltMD20771 United States Vanderbilt University Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department B 351825 NashvilleTN37235 United States University of Jyväskylä Department of Physics Jyväskylä40014 Finland

Experimental heavy-ion responses of two variants of SiC power MOSFETs are evaluated. The devices have similar epitaxial thickness but different doping. The higher doping in the epitaxial region results in lower breakdown voltage, and typically leads to a lower threshold drain voltage at which single-event leakage current (SELC) occurs. Furthermore, the heavy-ion-induced SELC degradation in the drain and gate currents of the SiC MOSFETs exhibit a strong dependence on the heavy-ion's angle of incidence. The devices' behavior significantly alters when irradiated with heavy-ions at different incident angles under the same fixed bias and total fluence, as also confirmed by 3-D Technology Computer Aided Design (TCAD) simulations. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Power MOSFET

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Unveiling the critical role of crystal orientation in the incipient behavior of FCC FeNiCr multi-principal element alloy

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International Journal of mechanical sciences 2025年 297-298卷

作者： Zhang, X.K. Fan, J.T. Xiang, H.L. Yan, J. Li, W.P. Zhao, W. Lu, Y.M. Lu, K. Cai, X.Q. School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Fuzhou University PRC Fuzhou China Sanming Medical and Polytechnic Vocational College PRC Sanming China Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China College of Chemical Engineering Fuzhou University PRC Fuzhou China

The initial behavior of multi-principal element alloys (MPEAs) is crucial to understanding their deformation mechanism. However, its orientation dependence remains poorly understood. The initial plastic behavior of three typical crystal planes (100), (110) and (111) of FeNiCr MPEA was investigated by nanoindentation experiments, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Our novel findings reveal that the initial plastic behavior of FeNiCr MPEA is highly orientation-dependent. Specifically, the (111) plane has the highest initial yield load, and (110) plane exhibits the smallest width of displacement burst. This is related to the number of activated slip systems and the evolution behavior of dislocation structure under different crystal orientations. These differences would not lead to different incipient mechanisms and activation volumes. For the first time, MD simulations not only clarify that the dislocation nucleation load is the decisive factor for the initial yield load but also disclose that the incipient behavior of (111) orientation is more sensitive to the lattice distortion (LD). In addition, DFT results unravel that intrinsic LD promotes dislocation nucleation by triggering heterogeneous distribution of charge density. Finally, the orientation dependence of incipient behavior in FCC FeNiCr MPEA shares similarities with conventional metals and other FCC MPEAs, but differs from BCC MPEAs due to their distinct slip systems. The key findings of this paper deepen our understanding of the incipient behavior of MPEAs. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Crystal orientation

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A Fully Additive Fabrication Approach for sub-10-Micrometer Microvia Suitable for 3-D System-in-Package Integration

A Fully Additive Fabrication Approach for sub-10-Micrometer ...

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Electronic Components and Technology Conference (ECTC)

作者： Roghayeh Imani Shailesh Chouhan Jussi Putaala Olli Nousiainen Juha Hagberg Sami Myllymäki Sarthak Acharya Heli Jantunen Jerker Delsing Department of Computer Science Electrical & Space Engineering EISLAB Luleå Technical University Luleå Sweden Microelectronics Research Unit University of Oulu Oulu Finland Materials and Mechanical Engineering Research Unit University of Oulu Oulu Finland Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering University of Oulu Oulu Finland

The semiconductor industry demands high input/output (I/O) density, requiring sub-l0-micrometer microvia. Here we propose a novel, fully additive, economical approach for creating and copper plating of microvias. The experimental process consisted of three stages. In Stage I, a polyurethane layer was spin-coated onto a FR-4 PCB base, followed by target copper layer deposition using the sequential build-up-covalent bonded metallization (SBU -CBM) method. In Stage II, first another layer of polyurethane was spin-coated on the top of the target copper layer, and then a microvia was created on the polyurethane layer using a picosecond pulsed ultraviolet (UV) laser. Finally, in Stage III, the SBU-CBM method was used to selectively copper plating of the microvia. Optical microscopy and cross-section scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images confirmed the successful formation and copper plating of sub-l0 micrometer microvia.

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Robotic Laser Orientation Planning with a 3D Data-driven Method

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Ma, Guangshen Ross, Weston Codd, Patrick J. Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke University United States Department of Neurosurgery Duke University Medical Center United States

This paper focuses on a research problem of robotic controlled laser orientation to minimize errant overcutting of healthy tissue during the course of pathological tissue resection. Laser scalpels have been widely used in surgery to remove pathological tissue targets such as tumors or other lesions. However, different laser orientations can create various tissue ablation cavities, and incorrect incident angles can cause over-irradiation of healthy tissue that should not be ablated. This work aims to formulate an optimization problem to find the optimal laser orientation in order to minimize the possibility of excessive laser-induced tissue ablation. We first develop a 3D data-driven geometric model to predict the shape of the tissue cavity after a single laser ablation. Modelling the "target" and "non-target" tissue region by an obstacle boundary, the determination of an optimal orientation is converted to a collision-minimization problem. The goal of this optimization formulation is maintaining the ablated contour distance from the obstacle boundary, which is solved by Projected gradient descent. Simulation experiments were conducted and the results validated the proposed method with conditions of various obstacle shapes and different initial incident angles. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Gradient methods

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Low-carbon advanced nanostructured steels:Microstructure, mechanical properties, and applications

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science China materials 2021年第7期64卷 1580-1597页

作者： Haojie Kong Zengbao Jiao Jian Lu Chain Tsuan Liu Department of Mechanical Engineering City University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Mechanical Engineering&Shenzhen Research Institute The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong KongHong KongChina Center for Advanced Structural Materials Department of Mechanical EngineeringCity University of Hong KongHong KongChina Hong Kong Institute for Advanced Study City University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Low-carbon advanced nanostructured steels have been developed for various structural engineering applications, including bridges, automobiles, and other strength-critical applications such as the reactor pressure vessels in nuclear power stations. The mechanical performances and applications of these steels are strongly dependent on their microstructural features. By controlling the size,number density, distribution, and types of precipitates, it is possible to produce nanostructured steels with a tensile strength reaching as high as 2 GPa while keeping a decent tensile elongation above 10% and a reduction of area as high as 40%. Besides, through a careful control of strength contributions from multiple strengthening mechanisms, the nanostructured steels with superior strengths and low-temperature impact toughness can be obtained by avoiding the temper embrittlement regime. With appropriate Mn additions, these nanostructured steels can achieve a triple enhancement in ductility(total tensile elongation, TE of ~30%) at no expense of strengths(yield strength, YS of ~1100 to 1300 MPa, ultimate tensile strength, UTS of ~1300 to 1400 MPa). More importantly, these steels demonstrate good fabricability and weldability. In this paper, the microstructure-property relationships of these advanced nanostructured steels are comprehensively reviewed. In addition, the current limitations and future development of these nanostructured steels are carefully discussed and outlined.

关键词： heterogeneous nano-precipitates strength-ductility paradox embrittlement dislocation interactions

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NN-EUCLID: deep-learning hyperelasticity without stress data

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Thakolkaran, Prakash Joshi, Akshay Zheng, Yiwen Flaschel, Moritz De Lorenzis, Laura Kumar, Siddhant Department of Materials Science and Engineering Delft University of Technology Delft2628 CD Netherlands Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering ETH Zürich Zürich8092 Switzerland

We propose a new approach for unsupervised learning of hyperelastic constitutive laws with physics-consistent deep neural networks. In contrast to supervised learning, which assumes the availability of stress-strain pairs, the approach only uses realistically measurable full-field displacement and global reaction force data, thus it lies within the scope of our recent framework for Efficient Unsupervised Constitutive Law Identification and Discovery (EUCLID) and we denote it as NN-EUCLID. The absence of stress labels is compensated for by leveraging a physics-motivated loss function based on the conservation of linear momentum to guide the learning process. The constitutive model is based on input-convex neural networks, which are capable of learning a function that is convex with respect to its inputs. By employing a specially designed neural network architecture, multiple physical and thermodynamic constraints for hyperelastic constitutive laws, such as material frame indifference, material stability, and stress-free reference configuration are automatically satisfied. We demonstrate the ability of the approach to accurately learn several hidden isotropic and anisotropic hyperelastic constitutive laws - including e.g., Mooney-Rivlin, Arruda-Boyce, Ogden, and Holzapfel models - without using stress data. For anisotropic hyperelasticity, the unknown anisotropic fiber directions are automatically discovered jointly with the constitutive model. The neural network-based constitutive models show good generalization capability beyond the strain states observed during training and are readily deployable in a general finite element framework for simulating complex mechanical boundary value problems with good accuracy. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Constitutive models

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Observation of charge to spin conversion in p-orbital InBi alloy

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Li, Gen Zhang, Ying Xu, Xiaoguang Shen, Lei Feng, Zheng Meng, Kangkang Li, Ang Cheng, Lu He, Kang Tan, Wei Wu, Yong Wu, Yihong Jiang, Yong Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Devices for Post-Moore Chips Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing100083 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore 117576 Singapore Research Institute Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area Chongqing401123 China Department of Mechanical Engineering National University of Singapore 117575 Singapore Microsystem & Terahertz Research Center CAEP Chengdu610200 China Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing Beijing Key Lab of Microstructure and Properties of Advanced Materials Beijing University of Technology Beijing100124 China Institute of Quantum Materials and Devices School of Electronic and Information Engineering State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes Tiangong University Tianjin300387 China

High density data storage and spin-logic devices require highly efficient all-electric control of spin moment. So far, charge-to-spin conversion through the spin Hall effect limits to d-orbital materials associated with strong spin-orbit coupling, especially heavy metals. However, d-orbital heavy metals with strong spin-orbit coupling results in a short spin diffusion length, which restricts the spin transport and accumulation in spintronic devices. Therefore, the conflict between charge-to-spin conversion efficiency and spin transport ability is irreconcilable in d-orbital materials. Here, we report a large charge to spin conversion experimentally observed in the p-orbital In2Bi alloy, exhibiting the coexistence of a large spin Hall angle comparable to heave metal Pt and a long spin diffusion length (4 times that of Pt). First-principles calculations reveal that topological symmetry-protected gap opening near the Fermi level results in large Berry curvature-related spin Hall conductivity. Due to the delocalized nature of p-orbitals and semimetal properties of In2Bi, its spin current can overcome the physical barriers between spin Hall angle and spin diffusion length in d-orbital metals, thereby advancing the development of high-performance spintronic devices. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Heavy metals

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Injectable, Anti-Collapse, Highly Adhesive and Plasticity Bioactive Artificial Bone Promotes Bone Regeneration by Moderating Oxidative Stress in Osteoporotic Bone Defect

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Huang, Lei Zhang, Shihao Bian, Mengxuan Xiao, Lan Chen, Weisin Wang, Jiayi Lu, Shunyi Xiang, Xingdong Li, Yulin Jiang, Libo Zhang, Jian Department of Orthopedic Surgery Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University Shanghai200032 China The Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai200237 China Centre for Biomedical Technologies School of Mechanical Medical and Process Engineering Queensland University of Technology Brisbane4059 Australia

The treatment of osteoporotic bone defect remains a big clinical challenge because osteoporosis (OP) is associated with oxidative stress and high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), a condition detrimental for bone formation. Anti-oxidative nanomaterials such as selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have positive effect on osteogenesis owing to their pleiotropic pharmacological activity which can exert anti-oxidative stress functions to prevent bone loss and facilitate bone regeneration in OP. In the current study a strategy of one-pot method by introducing Poly (lactic acid-carbonate) (PDT) and β-Tricalcium Phosphate (β-TCP) with SeNPs, is developed to prepare an injectable, anti-collapse, shape-adaptive and highly adhesive artificial bone material (PDT-TCP-SE). The PDT-TCP-SE artificial bone exhibits sufficient adhesion in biological microenvironments and good biocompatibility, osteogenic effect, angiogenic effect and anti-inflammatory as well as anti-oxidative effect in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, the PDT-TCP-SE can protect BMSCs from erastin-induced ferroptosis through the Sirt1/Nrf2/GPX4 antioxidant pathway, which, in together, demonstrated the artificial bone as a novel biomaterial with potential clinical application for the future treatment of osteoporotic bone defects. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Oxidative stress

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Monolayer Graphene Interlayer Enhanced Flexible Gas Sensor with Ultrafast Response and High Strain Tolerance for Wearable Ammonia Monitoring

SSRN

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Wang, Chen Wang, Ziran Xu, Feng Zhang, Luyang Yuan, Haoyu Zhang, Zaiyu Gai, Chaqi Ren, Zhongjing Wang, Haipeng You, Rui Yan, Peng Key Laboratory of High-efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture Ministry of Education School of Mechanical Engineering Shandong University Jinan250061 China Suzhou Research Institute Shandong University Suzhou215123 China The Sixth Scientific Research Department Shandong Institute of Nonmetallic Materials Jinan250031 China School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering Beijing Information Science and Technology University Beijing100192 China

Flexible gas sensors are rapidly emerging as a core component of the next generation of wearable electronics. Ideally, they should maintain a consistent performance under various mechanical deformations. However, it is challenging to achieve a semiconductor-based flexible gas sensor with high flexibility and sensitivity simultaneously. Here, we present an ammonia (NH₃) gas sensor with ultrafast response and high strain tolerance, using the design of a SnO₂ film integrating with an ultrathin graphene interlayer. Benefiting from the monolayer graphene, the flexible gas sensor achieves high conductivity of the conducting channel and fast response to NH₃, with a significant reduction of strain applied on the SnO₂ film when the sensor is bent. The sensor exhibits a wide detection range (0.5-100 ppm) and a low detection limit down to 500 ppb, with fast response times as low as 62 s and mechanical stability over 500 strain cycles. The sensor is integrated with a flexible circuitry to create a wearable sensing system with data-transmission and analysis, offering the NH₃ detection in various environments. This work demonstrates an effective way for the SnO₂-based flexible sensor to achieve wearable applications with high sensitivity and flexibility. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ammonia

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