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2023 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium, IUS 2023

作者： Wu, Huaiyu Zhang, Bohua Kreager, Benjamin C. Kim, Jinwook Dayton, Paul A. Xu, Zhen Jiang, Xiaoning North Carolina State University Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering RaleighNC27695 United States University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering Chapel HillNC27599 United States University of Michigan Department of Biomedical Engineering Ann ArborMI48109 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350346459

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) has emerged as a prominent contributor to global mortality rates. Recent advancements in intravascular sonothrombolysis technologies have demonstrated the potential for secure and efficient dissolution of clots within deep veins. However, current forward-viewing intravascular sonothrombolysis techniques exhibited limitations such as small channel size and the presence of large residual clots. Therefore, in this work, we developed a multi-directional miniaturized ultrasound transducer with a resonance frequency at 520 kHz. Under 80 Vpp input, the transducer reached a high peak negative pressure (PNP) of 4.9 MPa and 3.2 MPa with the forward- and side-looking elements, respectively. The multi-directional transducer was integrated with a 10-Fr shaft and controlled by a step motor for rotational intravascular sonothrombolysis. The ND-mediated sonothrombolysis was demonstrated in a flow model with 7-day retracted clot in-vitro. The rotational treatment showed a significant mass reduction of 53% after 30 min with a 37% higher lysis rate compared with the non-rotational forward-looking transducers. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Stepping motors

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Polaron interfacial entropy as a route to high thermoelectric performance in DAE-doped PEDOT:PSS films

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 259-270页

作者： Jiajia Zhang Caichao Ye Genwang Wei Liang Guo Yuhang Cai Zhi Li Xinzhi Wu Fangyi Sun Qikai Li Yupeng Wang Huan Li Yuchen Li Shuaihua Wang Wei Xu Xuefeng Guo Wenqing Zhang Weishu Liu Department of Materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Science and Material Design Southern University of Science and Technology Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Organic Solids Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering National Biomedical Imaging Centre Peking University Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Oxide Materials and Devices Southern University of Science and Technology

Enhancing the thermoelectric transport properties of conductive polymer materials has been a long-term challenge, in spite of the success seen with molecular doping strategies. However, the strong coupling between the thermopower and the electrical conductivity limits thermoelectric performance. Here, we use polaron interfacial occupied entropy engineering to break through this intercoupling for a PEDOT:PSS(poly（3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene）-poly（4-styrenesulfonate）) thin film by using photochromic diarylethene（DAE） dopants coupled with UV-light modulation. With a 10-fold enhancement of the thermopower from 13.5 μV K-1to 135.4 μV K-1and almost unchanged electrical conductivity, the DAE-doped PEDOT:PSS thin film achieved an extremely high power factor of 521.28 μW m-1K-2from an original value of 6.78 μW m-1K-2. The thermopower was positively correlated with the UV-light intensity but decreased with increasing temperature, indicating resonant coupling between the planar closed DAE molecule and PEDOT. Both the experiments and theoretical calculations consistently confirmed the formation of an interface state due to this resonant coupling. Interfacial entropy engineering of polarons could play a critical role in enhancing the thermoelectric performance of the organic film.

关键词： thermoelectric PEDOT: PSS interfacial occupied entropy resonant coupling UV-light modulation

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Novel cubic heterojunction Fe2O3/ZnO composite for the photocatalyst application

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2023年 75卷 1-8页

作者： Hemnil, P. Prapawasit, Y. Karthikeyan, V. Wongwuttanasatian, T. Seithtanabutara, V. Energy Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering Khon Kaen University 40002 Thailand Mechanical Engineering Division Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand Center for Alternative Energy Research and Development Khon Kaen University Thailand Department of Chemical Division Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand

Dye Sensitize Solar Cell (DSSC) gained attention as a replacement for silicon solar cells owing to operational and economic benefits. This study aims to synthesize the Fe2O3/ZnO composites using two different methods;Hydrothermal-calcination (HTC) and Hydrothermal (HT) method. The prepared samples structural properties were analysed using XRD, SEM/EDX, BET, FTIR, and TGA. It was found that the HT-Fe2O3/ZnO composite had a lower crystalline peak with a higher specific area of 34.855 m2/g than HTC-Fe2O3/ZnO composite as the formation of ZnO and Fe2O3 was well hybrid structure via atomic substitution mechanism. The particle characterization of HTC-Fe2O3/ZnO showed that Fe2O3 surrounding ZnO and had the composition of Fe, Zn and O of 16.71 wt%, 62.90 wt% and 20.39 wt%, respectively. HT-Fe2O3/ZnO showed a cubic structure with higher content ot Fe (47.63 wt%), lower content of Zn (34.89 wt%) and O (17.48 wt%). Both composites prepared from HT and HTC methods attained high absorbency in the ultra-violet and visible range, advantageously HT-Fe2O3/ZnO exhibits better absorbance in the visible light range, thus, resulting in a band gap energy is lower to 2.98 eV. Therefore, HT-Fe2O3/ZnO material is recommended for DSSC to achieve higher performance. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Zinc oxide

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How Fast Can a Robotic Drummer Beat Using Dielectric Elastomer Actuators?

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IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters 2024年第3期9卷 2638-2645页

作者： Wakle, Sudhir Lin, Tse-Han Huang, Shu Basu, Sumit Lau, Gih-Keong National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University International College of Semiconductor Technology Hsinchu30010 Taiwan Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Mechanical Engineering Department Kanpur208016 India National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Department of Graduate Degree Program of Robotics Hsinchu30010 Taiwan Industrial Technology Research Institute Mechanical and Mechatronics System Research Labs Zhudong 31057 Taiwan National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Department of Mechanical Engineering International College of Semiconductor Technology Hsinchu30010 Taiwan

Fast drumming presents a speed challenge to many robotic arms. To simultaneously meet the needs for speed, stroke, and force, we proposed and tested a new double-saddle dielectric elastomer actuator (DEA) as the artificial biceps for driving a lightweight robotic drummer. This work finds that fast force induction is instrumental to the fast drumming by a DEA-driven drumstick. While a pure-shear series of DEA under a large pre-stretch and lateral reinforcement can generate a large isotonic stroke, it is not fast in isometric force induction. Instead, this work found a double-saddle DEA, which is a degenerated two-segment pure-shear DEA with a middle laterally buckled beam, managed to induce a faster isometric force at a 0.5 s down time constant when its ultimate actuation tapered due to substantial strain stiffening effect. As such, this double-saddle DEA-driven drummer suffered less from the dynamic stroke decrement than the 8-segment DEA did. A 4.4 g DEA managed to swing freely a 7.8 g drumstick up to nearly 60° at 6 kV and a maximum tip speed of up to 0.45 m/s. The drumming frequency upon 5.5 kV activation was up to 2-2.5 Hz. In comparison, an 8-segment pure-shear DEA-driven drummer failed to reach the drum when pulsed at 2 Hz. Interestingly, a slower stroke excited multiple drumbeats due to secondary bounces. To achieve a faster drumming to match a human drummer, it is foreseen that a harder dielectric elastomer material will help drive a faster soft robot. © 2016 IEEE.

关键词： Dielectric materials

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A Rigid-Soft Switchable Lower Body Exosuit for Lifting

A Rigid-Soft Switchable Lower Body Exosuit for Lifting

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2024 International Conference on Advanced Robotics and Intelligent Systems, ARIS 2024

作者： Liu, Nai-Yu Erpenback, Pablo Manuel Ramos Arriagada, Sofia Ormazabal Su, Pin-Hsuan Tuan, Pham Anh Yu, Cheng-Hao Chang, Biing-Shwen National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering Taipei10617 Taiwan Research Center for Information Technology Innovation National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan National Taiwan University Department of Biomedical Engineering Taipei10617 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350362572

Lower-limb assistive wearable exosuits can reduce occupational injuries of manual workers by assisting strenuous and repetitive lifting tasks. This study aims to develop a lower-limb assistive wearable exosuit using a mechanism called SwitchSpring to assist users during lifting. The base structure of the SwitchSpring functions as a spring rod and can switch between rigid and soft states by adjusting the cable tension on the rod. When the SwitchSpring is switched to its rigid state, the energy is harvested and released as the user squats down and stands up. The lower limb joint angles and muscle activations of a female subject lifting a 5 kg box with and without the device were measured. The results show that the SwitchSpring wearable robot manages to reduce the muscle activation level by up to 30% on the rectus femoris (RF), 35% on the biceps femoris (BF), and 37% on the tibialis anterior (TA), showing the potential of lower limb power assistance in lifting. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Joints (anatomy)

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Pesticide Detection Based on Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy and Its Barcode Database Analysis 9th

Pesticide Detection Based on Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectros...

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9th International Conference on the Development of biomedical engineering in Vietnam, BME 2022

作者： Chang, Chen-Wen Liu, Wen-Shiuan Tseng, Yung-Ruen Yau, Her-Terng Chang, Cheng-Chung Department of Mechanical Engineering National Chung Cheng University Chiayi62102 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering NCHU Taichung402 Taiwan National Chung Cheng University Chiayi62102 Taiwan Taichung402 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9783031446290

Raman spectroscopy, a non-destructive chemical analysis technique, is an extremely useful chemical identification tool that provides detailed information about the chemical structure. However, some challenges are inevitable in practical applications, mechanical and electromagnetic noises, fluctuations in laser light, and background fluorescent signal;especially, variance is observed for the same substance under different environmental conditions. In this study, a small-step center weighted moving average (CWMA) algorithm was used to process the Raman spectra of pesticides to obtain optimized spectral data. Then the EAN-13 international universal barcode was used as the carrier of detection information to generate barcode images by adopting the python-barcode function library. In this study, the pesticide barcode database was established with the Raman detection platform. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG. 2024.

关键词： Pesticides

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Model-free Position Control of a Soft Continuum Manipulator in Cartesian Space

Model-free Position Control of a Soft Continuum Manipulator ...

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2023 International Conference on Control, Automation and Diagnosis, ICCAD 2023

作者： Treratanakulchai, Shen Franco, Enrico Rodriguez Y Baena, Ferdinando Mahidol University Biomedical Engineering Department Nakhon Pathom Thailand Imperial College Mechanical Engineering Department London United Kingdom Imperial College The Hamlyn Centre for Robotic Surgery London United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9798350347074

This work investigates the position control in Cartesian space of a soft continuum manipulator with pneumatic actuation. To this end, we employ a feedback integral action initialized using an optimized mapping between pressure and tip position. This approach is detailed for a manipulator consisting of either a single actuated segment or of two actuated segments connected in series. Experiments are conducted on individual prototypes and with a teleoperation setup including a master unit from our track record. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Position control

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A Survey of Nuclear Power for Data Centers

A Survey of Nuclear Power for Data Centers

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2024 Transactions of the American Nuclear Society on Winter Conference and Expo, ANS 2024

作者： Bard, Xander Denning, Richard Cao, Lei R. Nuclear Engineering Program Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering 201 W 19th Ave ColumbusOH43220 United States Nuclear Reactor Laboratory College of Engineering 1298 Kinnear Rd ColumbusOH43212 United States

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3D Image Generation from X-ray Projections Using Generative Adversarial Networks 23

3D Image Generation from X-ray Projections Using Generative ...

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23rd IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Bioengineering, BIBE 2023

作者： AlShurbaji, Mohammad Dhou, Salam Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program American University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Computer Science and Engineering American University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates

ISBN: (纸本)9798350393118

The human brain can effortlessly imagine a 3D image from only 2D images with a little expertise and imagination, but for machines, this is not a trivial task. Because of this, reconstructing 3D images from 2D ones is a hot topic and has many applications. In this paper, we propose a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN)-based approach that generates CT-like images using pairs of orthogonal X-ray projections taken from different angles. In this work, a variety of orthogonal pairs from different angles, ranging from 0 &90 to 60 &150, were considered as input to the 3D image generation model. The effectiveness of the proposed method was assessed by measuring the Structural Similarity Index (SSIM) and Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR), which resulted in values of 0.641 and 29.21, respectively. Furthermore, the model's ability to capture the respiratory motion in the input projections and reflect it in the generated images was also assessed. This work demonstrated the feasibility of generating CT-like images from X-ray projections captured from different orthogonal angles taking into consideration the respiratory motion exhibited in these projections. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

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An explainable echo state network trained from photoplethysmography signals for equine life stage prediction

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Neural Computing and Applications 2024年第32期36卷 20055-20066页

作者： Byfield, Richard Miller, Morgan Xie, Yunchao Crosby, Marci Schiltz, Paul Johnson, Philip Lin, Jian Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of Missouri ColumbiaMO65211 United States Department of Animal Sciences University of Missouri ColumbiaMO65211 United States School of Equestrian Studies William Woods University FultonMO65251 United States Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery University of Missouri ColumbiaMO65211 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Missouri ColumbiaMO65211 United States Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering University of Missouri ColumbiaMO65211 United States

Determining the life stage of animals is crucial for assessing their overall health and making informed decisions for their care. However, traditional veterinary practices often rely on subjective methods, resulting in fuzziness or ambiguity. A quantitative metric via measurable vital signs has yet to be developed, which could be due to lack of a sophisticated methodology that can correlate the vital signs with age. To tackle this challenge, we present a method for equine life stage (young to old) classification from photoplethysmography (PPG) waveforms collected from 50 equine subjects with various ages, sex, and breeds. The data were collected using compact, wearable PPG sensors on their tails. The collected waveforms served as the input for the classification by an echo state network (ESN). It was found that the classification accuracy depended on the age split, suggesting a fussiness in classifying the youth and elder. Using the 17th year as the splitting age, the highest training and testing accuracies of 81.3% and 81.1% were achieved, respectively. In addition, input features from the reservoirs of the ESN were extracted and analyzed by a kernel principal component analysis, which afforded a 3D PCA map with clear clusters according to the age groups. This suggests that the ESN can learn hidden information from the PPG waves to classify the life stage. The proposed algorithm exhibits immense potential in veterinary medicine by offering a more objective and reliable approach to animal life stage assessment. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Animals

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