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Rapid Airborne Gas-Plume Mapping and Source Localization with Feedforward Gas-Sensor Dynamics Compensation

ASME Letters in Dynamic Systems and Control 2024年第4期4卷 041002页

作者： Hoffman, Kyle C. Anderson, Jacob M. Leang, Kam K. Lab Department of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics Center University of Utah Salt Lake CityUT84112 United States

This article focuses on improving the speed, accuracy, and robustness of autonomous aerial-based chemical sensing for plume mapping and source localization through characterizing, modeling, and feedforward compensation of gas-sensor dynamics. First, the dynamics of three types of gas sensors are modeled. Second, the maximum chemical-mapping speed is calculated and shown to be inversely proportional to sensor time constant. Third, an inversion-based approach is used to compensate for the sensor dynamics to improve mapping throughput. Results show that dynamics compensation enhances the chemical-mapping speed by over five times compared to the uncompensated case. Finally, to further demonstrate utility, the approach is applied to a particle swarm optimization example for plume-source localization. The improvement is observed by how well the agents converge to the true chemical gas source location when gas-sensor dynamics are taken into account. Specifically, for a static Gaussian plume source, feedforward compensation leads to 64% average improvement in localization success, and for a dynamic Quick Urban and Industrial Complex (QUIC) dispersion plume source, a 39% average improvement is observed. These results underscore the importance of sensor dynamics compensation for enhancing mapping and source localization throughput, accuracy, and robustness. © 2024 by ASME.

关键词： Aircraft detection

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Bifunctional nanoprobe for simultaneous detection of intracellular reactive oxygen species and temperature in single cells

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第6期10卷 161-172页

作者： Yanmei Ma Weikang Hu Jian Hu Muyang Ruan Jie Hu Ming Yang Yi Zhang Hanhan Xie Chengzhi Hu Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Robotics and Intelligent Systems Department of Mechanical and Energy EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518000China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518000China

Living cells can rapidly adjust their metabolic activities in response to external stimuli,leading to fluctuations in intracellular temperature and reactive oxygen species(ROS)*** these parameters is essential for understanding cellular metabolism,particularly during dynamic biological *** this study,we present a bifunctional nanoprobe capable of simultaneous measurement of ROS levels and temperature within single *** nanoprobe features two individually addressable nanoelectrodes,with platinum(Pt)and nickel(Ni)coatings on both *** the tip,these two metal layers form a nano-thermocouple,enabling precise intracellular temperature measurements,while the Pt layer facilitates selective ROS *** dual functionality allows for real-time monitoring of cellular responses during synergistic chemo-photothermal therapy of cancer cells and zebrafish embryos subjected to mitochondrial toxic *** results demonstrate that the nanoprobe effectively measures increases in temperature and ROS levels in HeLa cells undergoing chemo-photothermal therapy,as well as in chemically stimulated zebrafish *** providing detailed analysis of submicrometer-scale temperature and ROS variations within living cells,this nanoprobe offers valuable insights into cellular processes and holds promise for early disease detection and drug development.

关键词： metabolism simultaneous holds

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Investigation on mechanical and Tribological Characteristics of Al–Zn Alloys Under Different Conditions

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Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series D 2024年 1-9页

作者： Pruthvi, H.M. Biradar, Srikumar Chetan Kumar, D.S. Biradar, Iranna M. Manjunatha, M.C. Prem Chand, R. Anil Kumar, B.N. Shenoy, Ghanashyam Department of Mechanical Engineering Dr. T Thimmaiah Institute of Technology Karnataka KGF India Department of Mechanical Engineering Atria Institute of Technology Karnataka Bengaluru India Department of Mechanical Engineering New Horizon College of Engineering Karnataka Bengaluru India BAZE University Abuja Nigeria Department of Mechanical Engineering Bangalore Institute of Technology Karnataka Bengaluru India Department of Robotics and Artificial Intelligence Bangalore Institute of Technology Karnataka Bengaluru India

Aluminum alloys are a crucial material due to their high resistance to corrosion and strength to weight ratio, particularly in pressure systems and transport applications. However, they have low melting temperatures and are relatively soft compared to other engineering materials. Utilising secondary reinforcing components such as tungsten carbide, fly ash, mica, boron carbide, silicon carbide, graphite, e-glass, and aluminium oxide, researchers have recently concentrated on creating metal matrix composites. Stir casting was used to create aluminium alloys with different weight percentages of magnesium and zinc. The alloys were then re-aged at 150 °C for different holding times. SEM image of a worn-out surface reveals material flow, scratches, and narrow grooves that are caused by wear parameters including applied stress, sliding velocity, and sliding distance. Only 5.57% more ultimate tensile strength was achieved for the highest weight percentage of magnesium and zinc after 7 h of ageing. Improved mechanical qualities were seen in SEM pictures, and regression analysis confirmed the experimental findings. © The Institution of Engineers (India) 2024.

关键词： Heat treatment

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Impact of nano fillers on the mechanical and rheological behaviour of polydimethylsiloxane based nanocomposite elastomer

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Ceramics International 2025年第14期51卷 18852-18864页

作者： Mandal, Swaroop Kumar Kumar, Rahul Pradhan, Asisha Ranjan Kumar, Deepak Kumar, Satish Department of Automation and Robotics Dr. DY Patil Institute of Technology Pimpri Pune411018 India Advanced Composite and Smart Material Laboratory Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of Technology Jamshedpur 831014 India Department of Mechanical Engineering Parala Maharaja Engineering College Odisha 761003 India Rheology Lab Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of Technology Jamshedpur 831014 India

In this work, an advanced elastomer which is reinforced with nanocomposite of reduced graphene oxide and calcium carbonate (rGO/CaCO3) is fabricated. Its mechanical and rheological properties are investigated experimentally. The effect of rGO/CaCO3 nanocomposite was experimentally investigated using Dynamical mechanical Analysis (DMA), Tensile test and Rheological test. The results indicate improved adhesion and physical strengthening effect between rGO/CaCO3 nanocomposite and the PDMS, that leads towards the decrement of extensional loss factor and hence increment in the extensional storage modulus. Also, the ultimate tensile stress and percentage elongation of the elastomers was found to be increased with increasing wt. % of rGO in CaCO3. It has been observed that 5 % rGO/CaCO3 nanocomposite in PDMS exhibits a higher tensile stress of 0.81 ± 0.040 MPa in comparison to pure PDMS (0.48 ± 0.024 MPa). The bare PDMS material has a maximum force of 12.94 ± 0.647 N, but the 5 % rGO/CaCO3/PDMS nanocomposite can tolerate a maximum force of 22.1 ± 1.105 N. Furthermore, the rheological properties of the material were altered, resulting in an increase in the viscosity of PDMS as the percentage (%) of rGO concentration in the rGO/CaCO3 nanocomposite increased. The presence of CaCO3 increases viscosity, however when 4 % (wt. %) rGO is added to CaCO3, the viscosity decreases compared to other filler concentrations in the elastomers. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.

关键词： Polydimethylsiloxane

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Production and Study of Microstructure and mechanical Characteristics of Al7075-Boron Carbide Composites for Automotive Applications

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Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series D 2024年 1-10页

作者： Venugopal, M.M. Avilasha, B.G. Koti, Vishwanath Girisha, L. Rakesh, M. Shashidhara, L.C. Bhople, Narendra Rameshwar Hemanth Raju, T. Udayashankar, S. Aeronautical Engineering Department Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology Karnataka Bengaluru560064 India Mechanical Engineering Department Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering Karnataka Bangalore560078 India Mechanical Engineering Department M S Ramaiah Institute of Technology Karnataka Bangalore560054 India Mechanical Engineering Department PES Institute of Technology and Management Karnataka Shivamogga577204 India Robotics and Artificial Intelligence Department Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering Karnataka Bangalore560078 India Mechanical Engineering Department Dayananda Sagar University Karnataka Ramanagara Bengaluru562112 India Mechanical Engineering Department Dr. D.Y Patil Institute of Technology Maharashtra Pune411018 India Mechanical Engineering Department New Horizon College of Engineering Karnataka Bangalore560103 India Department of Mechanical Engineering VTU Karnataka Belgaum590018 India

The excellent strength-to-weight ratio of aluminium alloys lead them to introduce to a large number of industries like engineering, defence and automotive. Much research has been suggested for the extensive use of Al7075 aluminum alloy in automobile sectors. The purpose of the research is to fabricate composites using Boron Carbide and Al7075 matrix composites by stir casting technique. The Al7075 matrix was reinforced by B4C particles in 1, 3, 5 and 7 weight ratios. This study used microstructure analysis and tensile testing among other experiments to measure the properties of composite specimens. The microstructure of the composites has been studied with scanning electron microscopy. B4C particles were found to be homogeneously dispersed in the entire Aluminium matrix. The results of this study indicate that the UTS of the composites that were manufactured improved in relation to the amount of B4C present. The Al7075-B4C composite shows the maximum UTS of 134.33 N/mm2 with B4C addition at 5%. It was established that the addition of B4C resulted in a reduction in percentage elongation. Adding B4C particles to the composites also increases their yield strength. With only 5 wt. % B4C, the highest yield strength of 117.25 N/mm2 can be attained among all tested compositions for the Al7075-B4C composite. Detailed examinations by SEM analysis of the fracture tension face of the composite material demonstrated that it was inherently brittle. © The Institution of Engineers (India) 2024.

关键词： Tensile testing

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Templated synthesis of transition metal phosphide electrocatalysts for oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第2期89卷 646-669,I0014页

作者： Rose Anne Acedera Alicia Theresse Dumlao DJ Donn Matienzo Maricor Divinagracia Julie Anne del Rosario Paraggua Po-Ya Abel Chuang Joey Ocon Laboratory of Electrochemical Engineering(LEE) Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of the PhilippinesDilimanQuezon City 1101Philippines Mechanical Engineering University of CaliforniaMercedCA 95343USA Energy Engineering Program College of EngineeringUniversity of the PhilippinesDilimanQuezon City 1101Philippines

Transition metal phosphides(TMPs)have been regarded as alternative hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)catalysts owing to their comparable activity to those of noble metal-based *** have been produced in various morphologies,including hollow and porous nanostructures,which are features deemed desirable for electrocatalytic *** synthesis routes are often responsible for such *** paper reviews the latest advances and existing challenges in the synthesis of TMP-based OER and HER catalysts through templated methods.A comprehensive review of the structure-property-performance of TMP-based HER and OER catalysts prepared using different templates is *** discussion proceeds according to application,first by HER and further divided among the types of templates used-from hard templates,sacrificial templates,and soft templates to the emerging dynamic hydrogen bubble *** catalysts are then reviewed and grouped according to their ***,prospective research directions for the synthesis of hollow and porous TMP-based catalysts,such as improvements on both activity and stability of TMPs,design of environmentally benign templates and processes,and analysis of the reaction mechanism through advanced material characterization techniques and theoretical calculations,are suggested.

关键词： OER HER Transition metal phosphide Templated synthesis Electrocatalysts

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Characterization and mechanical Behaviour of Nano-Al2O3 Reinforced Polymer Composites

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Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series D 2024年 1-12页

作者： Mahesh, K.S. Satheesh, J. Department of Robotics & amp Automation JSS Academy of Technical Education Bengaluru India Department of Mechanical Engineering SJB Institute of Technology Bengaluru India

This study presents an experimental investigation into the mechanical behaviour and characterisation of Nano-Al2O3 reinforced polymer composites, aiming to enhance the understanding of their structural performance. The incorporation of nanoscale Al2O3 particles into polymer matrices has gained attention for its potential to improve the mechanical properties of the resulting composites. In this research, 1 wt% Nano-Al2O3 was dispersed within a polymer matrix through a systematic fabrication process. The mechanical behaviour of the developed composites was evaluated through a comprehensive set of experiments, including compression testing, flexural testing, and impact testing. The results provided insights into the effects of Nano-Al2O3 content on the strength, stiffness, and impact resistance of the composites. Microstructural characterisation using techniques such as scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction were employed to analyse the dispersion of nanoparticles and the resulting changes in the composite structure. The findings from this experimental investigation contribute to the current knowledge base on Nano-Al2O3 reinforced polymer composites and offer valuable information for optimising the fabrication process to achieve desired mechanical properties. © The Institution of Engineers (India) 2024.

关键词： Compression testing

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Heat Transfer Area Optimization for Heat Exchanger System

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Computer Modeling in engineering & Sciences 2025年第4期143卷 335-349页

作者： Yu-Cheng Liao Fu-I Chou Po-Yuan Yang Jyh-Horng Chou Department of Electrical Engineering National Kaohsiung University of Science and TechnologyKaohsiung807Taiwan Department of Intelligent Robotics National Pingtung UniversityPingtung900Taiwan Department of Mechanical and Computer-Aided Engineering Feng Chia UniversityTaichung407Taiwan

This paper presents an allowable-tolerance-based group search optimization(AT-GSO),which combines the robust GSO(R-GSO)and the external quality design planning of the Taguchi ***-GSO algorithm is used to optimize the heat transfer area of the heat exchanger *** R-GSO algorithm integrates the GSO algorithm with the Taguchi method,utilizing the Taguchi method to determine the optimal producer in each iteration of the GSO algorithm to strengthen the robustness of the search process and the ability to find the global *** conventional parameter design optimization,it is typically assumed that the designed parameters can be applied accurately and consistently throughout ***,for systems that are sensitive to changes in design parameters,even minor inaccuracies can substantially reduce overall system ***,the permissible variations of the design parameters are considered in the tolerance-optimized design to ensure the robustness of the *** optimized design of the heat exchanger system assumes that the system’s operating temperature parameters are ***,fixing the systemoperating temperature parameters at a constant value is *** paper assumes that the system operating temperature parameters have an uncertainty error when optimizing the heat transfer area of the heat exchanger *** results show that the AT-GSO algorithm optimizes the heat exchanger system and finds the optimal operating temperature in the absence of tolerance and under three tolerance conditions.

关键词： Heat exchanger system allowable tolerance-based group search optimization Taguchi method tolerance design

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Investigating the Fretting of Steel Surfaces in the Presence of Hybrid Anti-Fretting Paste Containing Talc-Graphite-hBN-Molybdenum Disulfide Solid Lubricants

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Journal of Bio- and Tribo-Corrosion 2024年第4期10卷 1-11页

作者： Bhaumik, Shubrajit Krishna, Boddu Anurag Paleu, Viorel Choudhury, Nabajit Dev Department of Mechanical Engineering Amrita School of Engineering Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Tamil Nadu Chennai601103 India Mechanical Engineering Mechatronics & ampRobotics Department Mechanical Engineering Department "Gheorghe Asachi" Technical University of Iași 43 Prof. D. Mangeron Bld Iasi700050 Romania Department of Energy Engineering Assam Science and Technology University Assam Jalukbari Guwahati781013 India

The present work proposes a novel combination of additives dispersed in mineral oil to form a paste that exhibited significant anti-fretting properties as compared to a molybdenum-di-sulfide-containing commercial paste. The proposed paste contained 20 wt% MoS2 apart from 20 wt% talc, 15 wt%. graphite to 10 wt% hBN as additives, and 65 wt% mineral oil. The average mass of the bearing raceway tested with the proposed paste was 0.0063 ± 0.0045 g thus, exhibiting 82% less average mass loss than the bearing raceways tested with commercial paste (0.0354 ± 0.0021 g). Additionally, the machine vision system exhibited 40% fewer false brinelling areas with the proposed paste (0.9400 ± 0.108 mm2) as compared to the commercial paste (1.605 ± 0.822 mm2). Optical microscope images of the false brinelling areas further indicated debris adhesion, plastic deformation, and crack formation during the fretting phenomenon. Furthermore, the Raman spectrograph indicated the deposition of the solid lubricants on the steel surfaces during the fretting tests. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： Talc

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RGB Color-Discriminable Photonic Synapse for Neuromorphic Vision System

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第4期17卷 39-62页

作者： Bum Ho Jeong Jaewon Lee Miju Ku Jongmin Lee Dohyung Kim Seokhyun Ham Kyu-Tae Lee Young-Beom Kim Hui Joon Park Department of Organic and Nano Engineering&Human-Tech Convergence Program Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Korea Department of Semiconductor Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Korea Department of Physics Inha UniversityIncheon 22212Korea

To emulate the functionality of the human retina and achieve a neuromorphic visual system,the development of a photonic synapse capable of multispectral color discrimination is of paramount ***,attaining robust color discrimination across a wide intensity range,even irrespective of medium limitations in the channel layer,poses a significant ***,we propose an approach that can bestow the color-discriminating synaptic functionality upon a three-terminal transistor flash memory even with enhanced discriminating *** incorporating the strong induced dipole moment effect at the excitation,modulated by the wavelength of the incident light,into the floating gate,we achieve outstanding RGB color-discriminating synaptic functionality within a remarkable intensity range spanning from 0.05 to 40 mW cm^(-2).This approach is not restricted to a specific medium in the channel layer,thereby enhancing its *** effectiveness of this color-discriminating synaptic functionality is demonstrated through visual pre-processing of a photonic synapse array,involving the differentiation of RGB channels and the enhancement of image contrast with noise ***,a convolutional neural network can achieve an impressive inference accuracy of over 94%for Canadian-Institute-For-Advanced-Research-10 colorful image recognition task after the *** proposed approach offers a promising solution for achieving robust and versatile RGB color discrimination in photonic synapses,enabling significant advancements in artificial visual systems.

关键词： Organic field-effect transistor Photonic synapse Excited-state dipole moment RGB color discrimination Neuromorphic visual system

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