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Effect of welding parameters on automated robotic arc welding process

Materials Today: Proceedings 2020年 26卷 2363-2367页

作者： Aman Sharma Kamal Sharma Anas Islam Debanik Roy Department of Mechanical Engineering GLA University Mathura UP India Division of Remote Handling and Robotics BARC & Homi Bhabha National Institute Department of Atomic Energy Mumbai India

This research focuses on the parameters of robotic welding and robotic welding and creating a DT approach that includes specialized tests for detecting defects in weld tests inline layer-by-layer. Results found that the established weld bead probes were able to locate imperfections from the inspected sample surface at depths up to 6 mm with a thickness as high as 350 μm with the probe up to 6 mm. There are various types of joints, from which test results has been figured out. Manual welding and robotic welding and the correlation between the weld performance of both joints and the comparison of hardness, tensile and impact strength and their microstructure are required. The purpose is to research is comparing weld workpiece of mild steel and mechanical properties and failure mode. Three types of standard tests are performed on the standard samples of mild steel. Results have been obtained from the tests; tensile strength, impact strength and hardness have been measured. The truthfulness of welded joints depends on the microstructure and properties of the weld. Rapid heating, cooling and systemic changes at the local level cause significant changes spatial differences in composition, microstructure, and residual stress in the HAZ. Different physical processes that control welding processes , thus affecting the integrity of the welded structure, can cause severe material damage, resulting in loss of strength and durability, or even structural failure. Expert welding testing helps to make sure your products and processes are acceptable for use.

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Anisotropic properties of 3-D printed Poly Lactic Acid (PLA) and Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) plastics

Results in Materials

引用

Results in Materials 2021年 12卷

作者： Grant, Aneurin Regez, Bradley Kocak, Salih Huber, Joshua D. Mooers, Adam Construction Management Program University of West Florida Pensacola FL United States Department of Mechanical Engineering University of West Florida United States Huber Engineering LLC United States University of West Florida United States

Research was conducted on the mechanical and anisotropic properties of 3-D printed plastics (PLA and ABS), and the prevailing orientation and deposition of additive layers. Samples were tested in accordance with ASTM D638 - Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics. Five print orientations were tested, including 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90°. Six samples were tested in each orientation, with a total of 30 samples being tested in each iteration of the experiment. An initial, “proof of concept” iteration was conducted with PLA plastic, followed by a second iteration which tested both PLA and ABS. Testing was conducted and based on the hypothesis that the material printed in the 0° orientation (parallel to the direction of applied tension) would be stronger, and that the strength of test specimens would be largely dependent on orientation of the material. In contrast, it was believed that the strength of 90° samples (perpendicular to the direction of applied tension) would be largely dependent on the strength of the bonds formed during the layer by layer deposition of heated material, and comparatively weaker. This was largely proven during testing. Samples printed in the 0° orientation exhibited statistically higher properties of both stress and strain. Conversely, plastics printed in the 90° orientation exhibited statistically weaker properties. It was noted that samples printed in the 30°, 45°, and 60° orientations exhibited some measure of improved ductility, although this was not the focus of the study. © 2021 The Authors

关键词： 3-Printing Additive manufacturing Anisotropy Plastics Strength Stress-strain

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Virtual Experiments on ArUco and AprilTag Systems Comparison for Fiducial Marker Rotation Resistance under Noisy Sensory Data

Virtual Experiments on ArUco and AprilTag Systems Comparison...

引用

International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)

作者： Aufar Zakiev Tatyana Tsoy Ksenia Shabalina Evgeni Magid Subir Kumar Saha Intelligent Robotics Department Kazan Federal University Kazan Russian Federation Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Delhi India

ISBN: (数字)9781728169262

ISBN: (纸本)9781728169279

Modern robotic researches propose various machine vision methods for accomplishing robotic tasks. The recognition quality in these tasks is very important for successful performance. A large number of them use fiducial marker systems as a main element of algorithms. However, only a few researches are comparing standard marker systems. This paper is dedicated to the comparison of AprilTag and ArUco markers resistance to rotations in the presence of synthetic noise. Experiments were conducted in ROS/Gazebo virtual environment in order to provide a fair comparison of marker detection and recognition algorithms while eliminating external environment conditions that influence the algorithms' performance. The presented virtual environments allow collecting a significant amount of data by experiment process automation. Different levels of additive white Gaussian noise were applied to input sensory data in order to simulate the imperfection of real digital cameras. The main contribution of the paper is the systematic comparison of AprilTag and ArUco markers for rotation resistance in the presence of optical sensor noise.

关键词： Robot sensing systems Cameras Noise level Reliability Immune system Virtual environments

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clotFoam: An Open-Source Framework to Simulate Blood Clot Formation Under Arterial Flow

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Montgomery, David Municchi, Federico Leiderman, Karin Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Colorado School of Mines 1500 Illinois St GoldenCO80401 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Colorado School of Mines 1500 Illinois St GoldenCO80401 United States Department of Mathematics University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 216 Lenoir Dr Chapel HillNC27599 United States Computational Medicine Program University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 216 Lenoir Dr Chapel HillNC27599 United States

Blood clotting involves the coupled processes of platelet aggregation and coagulation. Simulating clotting under flow in complex geometries is challenging due to multiple temporal and spatial scales and high computational cost. clotFoam is an open-source software developed in OpenFOAM that employs a continuum model of platelet advection, diffusion, and aggregation in a dynamic fluid environment and a simplified coagulation model with proteins that advect, diffuse, and react within the fluid and with wall-bound species through reactive boundary conditions. Our framework provides the foundation on which one can build more complex models and perform reliable simulations in almost any computational domain. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Coagulation

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AbdomenAtlas: A Large-Scale, Detailed-Annotated, & Multi-Center Dataset for Efficient Transfer Learning and Open Algorithmic Benchmarking

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Li, Wenxuan Qu, Chongyu Chen, Xiaoxi Bassi, Pedro R.A.S. Shi, Yijia Lai, Yuxiang Yu, Qian Xue, Huimin Chen, Yixiong Lin, Xiaorui Tang, Yutong Cao, Yining Han, Haoqi Zhang, Zheyuan Liu, Jiawei Zhang, Tiezheng Ma, Yujiu Wang, Jincheng Zhang, Guang Yuille, Alan Zhou, Zongwei Department of Computer Science Johns Hopkins University United States Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign United States Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna Italy Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Italy LKS Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Department of Computer Science Southeast University China Department of Radiology Southeast University Zhongda Hospital China Department of Medical Oncology The First Hospital of China Medical University China The Second Clinical College China Medical University China Department of Mechanical Engineering The Laboratory of Computational Sensing and Robotics Johns Hopkins University United States Center of Reproductive Medicine Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University China Radiology Department The First Affiliated Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University China Department of Health Management The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital China Shandong Engineering Research Center of Health Management China Shandong Institute of Health Management China

We introduce the largest abdominal CT dataset (termed AbdomenAtlas) of 20,460 three-dimensional CT volumes sourced from 112 hospitals across diverse populations, geographies, and facilities. AbdomenAtlas provides 673K high-quality masks of anatomical structures in the abdominal region annotated by a team of 10 radiologists with the help of AI algorithms. We start by having expert radiologists manually annotate 22 anatomical structures in 5,246 CT volumes. Following this, a semi-automatic annotation procedure is performed for the remaining CT volumes, where radiologists revise the annotations predicted by AI, and in turn, AI improves its predictions by learning from revised annotations. Such a large-scale, detailed-annotated, and multi-center dataset is needed for two reasons. Firstly, AbdomenAtlas provides important resources for AI development at scale, branded as large pre-trained models, which can alleviate the annotation workload of expert radiologists to transfer to broader clinical applications. Secondly, AbdomenAtlas establishes a large-scale benchmark for evaluating AI algorithms—the more data we use to test the algorithms, the better we can guarantee reliable performance in complex clinical scenarios. An ISBI & MICCAI challenge named BodyMaps: Towards 3D Atlas of Human Body was launched using a subset of our AbdomenAtlas, aiming to stimulate AI innovation and to benchmark segmentation accuracy, inference efficiency, and domain generalizability. We hope our AbdomenAtlas can set the stage for larger-scale clinical trials and offer exceptional opportunities to practitioners in the medical imaging community. Codes, models, and datasets are available at https://***/dataset. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Benchmarking

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Tessellated granular metamaterials with tunable elastic moduli

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Pashine, Nidhi Wang, Dong Zhang, Jerry Patiballa, Sree Kalyan Witthaus, Sven Shattuck, Mark D. O’Hern, Corey S. Kramer-Bottiglio, Rebecca Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Physics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Applied Physics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Graduate Program in Computational Biology & Bioinformatics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Benjamin Levich Institute Physics Department The City College of the City University of New York New YorkNY10031 United States

Most granular packings possess shear moduli (G) that increase with the applied external pressure, and bulk moduli (B) that increase or remain constant with pressure. This paper presents "tessellated" granular metamaterials for which both G and the ratio G/B decrease with increasing pressure. The granular metamaterials are made from flexible tessellations forming a ring of closed cells, each containing a small number of solid particles. For under-constrained tessellations, the dominant contributions to G and B are the particle-particle and particle-cell interactions. With specific particle configurations in the cells, we limit the number of possible particle rearrangements to achieve decreasing G as we increase the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the tessellation, leading to G/B 1 at large pressures. We further study tessellated granular metamaterials with cells containing a single particle and many particles to determine the variables that control the mechanical response of particle-filled tessellations as a function of pressure. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Metamaterials

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Application of Emerging Innovations in Microbiome Science to Space Development and Settlement Systems 73

Application of Emerging Innovations in Microbiome Science to...

引用

73rd International Astronautical Congress, IAC 2022

作者： Nastasi, Nicholas Anderson, Matthew Z. Balasubrahmaniam, Neeraja Bope, Ashleigh Britt, Rodney D. Cochran, Samuel J. Gill, Samuel J. Hegarty, Bridget Lee, Jiyoung Stamps, Blake W. Stickney, Amanda Taylor, Christopher G. Tram, Nguyen K. Van Dusen, John Varaljay, Vanessa A. Weir, Mark H. Horack, John M. Oglesbee, Michael Sullivan, Matthew B. Dannemiller, Karen C. Department of Civil Environmental & Geodetic Engineering Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Division of Environmental Health Sciences College of Public Health Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Environmental Sciences Graduate Program Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Department of Microbiology College of Arts and Sciences Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Center for Perinatal Research The Abigail Wexner Research Institute Nationwide Children's Hospital Department of Pediatrics Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Case School of Engineering Case Western Reserve University ClevelandOH United States Department of Food Science and Technology Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Infectious Diseases Institute Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Soft Matter Materials Branch Materials and Manufacturing Directorate Air Force Research Laboratory Wright - Patterson AFBOH United States Department of Plant Pathology College of Food Agriculture and Environmental Science Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine Nationwide Children's Hospital ColumbusOH United States Airman Systems Directorate 711th Human Performance Wing Air Force Research Laboratory WPAFBOH United States Sustainability Institute Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering College of Engineering John Glenn College of Public Affairs Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Department of Veterinary Biosciences College of Veterinary Medicine Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States Center of Microbiome Science Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States

Future human spaceflight beyond low-Earth orbit will bring substantial changes and new requirements to the development of fully sustainable, healthy indoor human environments across a range of gravitational, radiative, and thermal conditions. One key aspect is understanding (and potentially leveraging) microorganisms that must coexist with humans, plants, and animals in enclosed habitats (their microbiota or microbiomes). Modern, genome-resolved microbiome science provides an opportunity to better understand how we can utilize microbes to optimize space missions and protect human health and well-being long-term. Microorganisms will be critical to mission success due to their direct or indirect interactions with 1) humans, 2) other living systems (e.g., plant and animal life as a food source and for experimentation), and 3) the built environment. For example, the human gut microbiome is a complex community that has important implications for human health and performance that include mental health, nutrition intake, and immune system function. The health of plant microbiomes is also critical for sustainable, dependable, and nutritious food production. Humans, plants, and other living systems (e.g., animals used in experimentation) will also shed microbes into the built environment, which may impact human exposure, plant health, system integrity, and planetary protection from microbial contamination in both forward and reverse directions. Microbes from all three systems will interact, resulting in potentially important 'non-linear' system implications that must be understood for the overall long-term sustainability of hardware, crew, and other living systems. This paper discusses recent advances in technology that expand measurement capabilities to ultra-low-biomass samples and now allow for better understanding of microbial taxa, community structure and drivers, and functional capacity, which together will empower microbiome-optimized deep-space human exploration miss

关键词： Bacteria

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Geometrical effect coupled with nanofluid on heat transfer enhancement in heat exchangers

引用

International Journal of Thermofluids 2021年 10卷

作者： Olabi, A.G. Wilberforce, Tabbi Sayed, Enas Taha Elsaid, Khaled Rahman, S.M.Atiqure Abdelkareem, Mohammad Ali Department of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering University of Sharjah P.O. Box 27272 Sharjah United Arab Emirates Mechanical Engineering and Design Aston University School of Engineering and Applied Science Aston Triangle BirminghamB4 7ET United Kingdom Center for Advanced Materials Research University of Sharjah PO Box 27272 Sharjah United Arab Emirates Chemical Engineering Department Minia University Elminia Egypt Chemical Engineering Program Texas A& M University College StationTX United States

This investigation summarized the application of nanofluids (NFs) in heat exchangers (HExs) with different geometries. The quest for heat devices with quick response for the industrial sector is still a major challenge that has been an active research direction over the years. Addressing this issue is likely to increase the capacity of several industries. There is a direct relationship between expanding the heat capacity and the pressure drop. The common approach in increasing the rate of heat transfer often leads to an increment in pressure drop. This study reviews and summarizes the investigations on various geometrical effects inside the channel combined with NF in HExs. This review explored the potential of NFs as possible heat transfer fluid in HExs. From a detailed literature review compiled and evaluated, it has been deduced that NFs application significantly improves the thermal efficiency of HExs. The investigation further evaluated plate, helical, as well as shell and tube HExs. The review explored NFs application in HExs and how they can significantly improve the HExs' thermal characteristics. It was deduced that the use of NFs improved the heat transfer both experimentally and numerically. This equally has a direct relation to energy savings as well as industrial waste heat. © 2021 The Author(s)

关键词： Heat exchangers

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Real-time data monitoring through sensors in robotized shielded metal arc welding

引用

Materials Today: Proceedings 2020年 26卷 2368-2373页

作者： Anas Islam Shailesh Sharma Kamal Sharma Rohit Sharma Aman Sharma Debanik Roy IET Department of Mechanical Engineering GLA University Mathura 281406 India Division of Remote Handling and Robotics BARC & Homi Bhabha National Institute Department of Atomic Energy Mumbai 400085 India

Data monitoring and accumulation is an important task for correcting and taking appropriate decisions which leads to a smoother welding process . The welding process parameters such as current, the temperature at heat affected zone (HAZ), welding speed and majorly the vibrations at the end effector of the robot during the welding process play an important role. In this work, the monitoring and storing of the post welding data parameters are being done by sensors and Arduino MicroController. The consumption of the welding electrode is measured by Infrared distance switch/proximity sensor while the current at the time of welding has been measured by clamp meter. Furthermore, vibrations in an indigenous end effector are thus monitored by vibrometer (piezo ceramic vibration sensor). Finally, the effect of the current at different welding speeds, obtained through the sensor (ClampMeter) has been studied on tensile strength, bending strength, and hardness of the welded joint for Mild Steel.

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Reviews on properties of silicon carbide reinforced composite materials made by liquid metallurgy technique

引用

AIP Conference Proceedings 2022年第1期2527卷

作者： P. Raghuvaran M. Suresh S. Abilash M. Asfaq R. Deva Tejash C. Dinesh 1Department of Mechanical Engineering Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology Coimbatore-641008 Tamil Nadu India 2Department of Robotics and Automation Engineering PSG College of Technology Coimbatore-641008 Tamil Nadu India

Aluminium Matrix Composites are used in many engineering applications and are extensively used in automotive and aerospace applications. The reason behind is thermal stability, corrosion resistance, stiffness, strength and fatigue life of the Metal Matrix Composites are superior. The resulting properties of the composite is influenced by uniform dispersion of reinforcements within the matrix material which is one of the critical tasks during fabrication. Variety of techniques are available for fabricating composites namely stir casting, squeeze casting, vacuum casting, power metallurgy and similar methods are available. This article focuses specifically on different liquid manufacturing techniques. The mechanical, wear and morphological studies are discussed.

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