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arXiv 2021年

作者： Park, Kyung-Wha Ha, Jung-Woo Lee, JungHoon Kwon, Sunyoung Kim, Kyung-Min Zhang, Byoung-Tak Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience Seoul National University Korea Republic of NAVER AI LAB NAVER CLOVA Statistics and Actuarial Science Soongsil University Korea Republic of School of Biomedical Convergence Engineering Pusan National University Korea Republic of Department of Computer Science and Engineering Seoul National University Korea Republic of Surromind Robotics

Assessing advertisements, specifically on the basis of user preferences and ad quality, is crucial to the marketing industry. Although recent studies have attempted to use deep neural networks for this purpose, these studies have not utilized image-related auxiliary attributes, which include embedded text frequently found in ad images. We, therefore, investigated the influence of these attributes on ad image preferences. First, we analyzed large-scale real-world ad log data and, based on our findings, proposed a novel multi-step modality fusion network (M2FN) that determines advertising images likely to appeal to user preferences. Our method utilizes auxiliary attributes through multiple steps in the network, which include conditional batch normalization-based low-level fusion and attention-based high-level fusion. We verified M2FN on the AVA dataset, which is widely used for aesthetic image assessment, and then demonstrated that M2FN can achieve state-of-the-art performance in preference prediction using a real-world ad dataset with rich auxiliary attributes. © 2021, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Marketing

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Risk-Aware Motion Planning for a Limbed Robot with Stochastic Gripping Forces Using Nonlinear programming

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Shirai, Yuki Lin, Xuan Tanaka, Yusuke Mehta, Ankur Hong, Dennis Robotics and Mechanisms Laboratory Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of California Los AngelesCA90095 United States Laboratory for Embedded Machines and Ubiquitous Robotics Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Los AngelesCA90095 United States

We present a motion planning algorithm with probabilistic guarantees for limbed robots with stochastic gripping forces. Planners based on deterministic models with a worst-case uncertainty can be conservative and inflexible to consider the stochastic behavior of the contact, especially when a gripper is installed. Our proposed planner enables the robot to simultaneously plan its pose and contact force trajectories while considering the risk associated with the gripping forces. Our planner is formulated as a nonlinear programming problem with chance constraints, which allows the robot to generate a variety of motions based on different risk bounds. To model the gripping forces as random variables, we employ Gaussian Process regression. We validate our proposed motion planning algorithm on an 11.5 kg six-limbed robot for two-wall climbing. Our results show that our proposed planner generates various trajectories (e.g., avoiding low friction terrain under the low risk bound, choosing an unstable but faster gait under the high risk bound) by changing the probability of risk based on various specifications. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Stochastic systems

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Hybrid Vesicles Enable Mechano-Responsive Hydrogel Degradation

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Angewandte Chemie 2023年第41期135卷

作者： Sung-Won Hwang Chung-Man Lim Prof. Cong Truc Huynh Hossein Moghimianavval Prof. Nicholas A. Kotov Prof. Eben Alsberg Prof. Allen P. Liu Department of Chemical Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Illinois Chicago Chicago IL 60612 USA Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Departments of Biomedical Engineering Macromolecular Science and Engineering Biointerfaces Institute University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Departments of Orthopedic Surgery Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine and Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Illinois Chicago Chicago IL 60612 USA Departments of Biomedical Engineering Biophysics Cellular and Molecular Biology Program Applied Physics Program University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA

Stimuli-responsive hydrogels are intriguing biomimetic materials. Previous efforts to develop mechano-responsive hydrogels have mostly relied on chemical modifications of the hydrogel structures. Here, we present a simple, generalizable strategy that confers mechano-responsive behavior on hydrogels. Our approach involves embedding hybrid vesicles, composed of phospholipids and amphiphilic block copolymers, within the hydrogel matrix to act as signal transducers. Under mechanical stress, these vesicles undergo deformation and rupture, releasing encapsulated compounds that can control the hydrogel network. To demonstrate this concept, we embedded vesicles containing ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid (EGTA), a calcium chelator, into a calcium-crosslinked alginate hydrogel. When compressed, the released EGTA sequesters calcium ions and degrades the hydrogel. This study provides a novel method for engineering mechano-responsive hydrogels that may be useful in various biomedical applications.

关键词： Block Copolymers Functional Material Stimuli-Responsive Hydrogel Stress-Induced Degradation Vesicles

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The Integration of True Lean and Industry 4.0 to Sustain a Culture of Continuous Improvement 16th

The Integration of True Lean and Industry 4.0 to Sustain a C...

引用

16th IFIP WG 5.1 International Conference on Product Lifecycle Management, PLM 2019

作者： Maginnis, M. Abbot Hapuwatte, Buddhika M. Keown, David Lean System Program Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Kentucky Lexington KY United States Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Kentucky Lexington KY United States Plano TX United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783030422493

Recent advances in information and communication technology and the Internet of Things (IoT) are driving the development of Industry 4.0. Its objective is to enable real-time information exchange between people, machines, products and resources, providing new opportunities for improved safety, quality, productivity and cost factors which can be applied in all stages of Product Lifecycle Management (PLM). The application of lean principles and practices where Industry 4.0 is deployed can leverage real-time processing visibility into even greater productivity improvements if implemented correctly. To do this, companies need to go beyond the implementation of the familiar lean tools and practices such as 5S, visual management and management directed kaizen activities etc. to consider the thinking behind the tools, especially the role of the team members. An over-reliance on technology risks undervaluing the importance of human innovative capacity which can significantly impact the ability to conduct systematic problem solving, adversely effecting daily operational performance and significantly reducing continuous improvement (CI) capacity. This conceptual paper introduces the major elements and thinking of the Toyota Production System (TPS), also referred to as ‘True Lean’, which are often hidden or underdeveloped within the popular understanding of lean. This paper illustrates how TPS-thinking can be operationalized to support and sustain a CI environment while leveraging the improved visibility possible with Industry 4.0 to integrate all stages of PLM. © 2019, IFIP International Federation for Information Processing.

关键词： Industry 4.0

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Miniaturized Microarray-Format Digital ELISA Enabled by Lithographic Protein Patterning

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Stephens, Andrew D. Song, Yujing McClellan, Brandon L. Su, Shiuan-Haur Xu, Sonnet Chen, Kevin Castro, Maria G. Singer, Benjamin H. Kurabayashi, Katsuo Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Department of Neurosurgery University of Michigan Medical School Ann ArborMI48109 United States Department of Cell and Developmental Biology University of Michigan Medical School Ann ArborMI48109 United States Graduate Program in Immunology University of Michigan Medical School Ann ArborMI48109 United States Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Rogel Cancer Center University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Department of Internal Medicine Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Weil Institute for Critical Care Research and Innovation University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States

The search for reliable protein biomarker candidates is critical for early disease detection and treatment. However, current immunoassay technologies are failing to meet increasing demands for sensitivity and multiplexing. Here, the authors have created a highly sensitive protein microarray using the principle of single-molecule counting for signal amplification, capable of simultaneously detecting a panel of cancer biomarkers at sub-pg/mL levels. To enable this amplification strategy, the authors introduce a novel method of protein patterning using photolithography to subdivide addressable arrays of capture antibody spots into hundreds of thousands of individual microwells. This allows for the total sensor area to be miniaturized, increasing the total possible multiplex capacity. With the immunoassay realized on a standard 75x25 mm form factor glass substrate, sample volume consumption is minimized to © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Biomarkers

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Origami-inspired soft twisting actuator

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Li, Diancheng Fan, Dongliang Zhu, Renjie Lei, Qiaozhi Liao, Yuxuan Yang, Xin Pan, Yang Wang, Zheng Wu, Yang Liu, Sicong Wang, Hongqiang Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Robotics and Intelligent Systems Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Human-Augmentation and Rehabilitation Robotics in Universities Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China Shenzhen518055 China Shenzhen518055 China Guangzhou510642 China

Soft actuators have shown great advantages in compliance and morphology matched for manipulation of delicate objects and inspection in a confined space. There is an unmet need for a soft actuator that can provide torsional motion to e.g. enlarge working space and increase degrees of freedom. Towards this goal, we present origami-inspired soft pneumatic actuators (OSPAs) made from silicone. The prototype can output a rotation of more than one revolution (up to 435°), more significant than its counterparts. Its rotation ratio (=rotation angle/aspect ratio) is more than 136°, about twice the largest one in other literature. We describe the design and fabrication method, build the analytical model and simulation model, and analyze and optimize the parameters. Finally, we demonstrate the potentially extensive utility of the OSPAs through their integration into a gripper capable of simultaneously grasping and lifting fragile or flat objects, a versatile robot arm capable of picking and placing items at the right angle with the twisting actuators, and a soft snake robot capable of changing attitude and directions by torsion of the twisting actuators. © 2021, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Degrees of freedom (mechanics)

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Deep-Learning Assisted High-Resolution Binocular Stereo Depth Reconstruction

Deep-Learning Assisted High-Resolution Binocular Stereo Dept...

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IEEE International Conference on robotics and Automation (ICRA)

作者： Yaoyu Hu Weikun Zhen Sebastian Scherer Robotics Institute Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA USA

ISBN: (数字)9781728173955

ISBN: (纸本)9781728173962

This work presents dense stereo reconstruction using high-resolution images for infrastructure inspections. The state-of-the-art stereo reconstruction methods, both learning and non-learning ones, consume too much computational resource on high-resolution data. Recent learning-based methods achieve top ranks on most benchmarks. However, they suffer from the generalization issue due to lack of task-specific training data. We propose to use a less resource demanding non-learning method, guided by a learning-based model, to handle high-resolution images and achieve accurate stereo reconstruction. The deep-learning model produces an initial disparity prediction with uncertainty for each pixel of the down-sampled stereo image pair. The uncertainty serves as a self-measurement of its generalization ability and the perpixel searching range around the initially predicted disparity. The downstream process performs a modified version of the Semi-Global Block Matching method with the up-sampled perpixel searching range. The proposed deep-learning assisted method is evaluated on the Middlebury dataset and high-resolution stereo images collected by our customized binocular stereo camera. The combination of learning and non-learning methods achieves better performance on 12 out of 15 cases of the Middlebury dataset. In our infrastructure inspection experiments, the average 3D reconstruction error is less than 0.004m.

关键词： Uncertainty Predictive models Image reconstruction Proposals Computational modeling Image resolution Three-dimensional displays

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Robotic Cane as a Soft SuperLimb for Elderly Sit-to-Stand Assistance*

Robotic Cane as a Soft SuperLimb for Elderly Sit-to-Stand As...

引用

IEEE International Conference on Soft robotics (RoboSoft)

作者： Xia Wu Haiyuan Liu Ziqi Liu Mingdong Chen Fang Wan Chenglong Fu Harry Asada Zheng Wang Chaoyang Song Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong China Visiting Scholar with the SUSTech Institute of Robotics Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong China Department of Mechanical Engineering MIT Cambridge MA USA

ISBN: (数字)9781728165707

ISBN: (纸本)9781728165714

Many researchers have identified robotics as a potential solution to the aging population faced by many developed and developing countries. If so, how should we address the cognitive acceptance and ambient control of elderly assistive robots through design? In this paper, we proposed an explorative design of an ambient SuperLimb (Supernumerary Robotic Limb) system that involves a pneumatically-driven robotic cane for at-home motion assistance, an inflatable vest for compliant human-robot interaction, and a depth sensor for ambient intention detection. The proposed system aims at providing active assistance during the sit-to-stand transition for at-home usage by the elderly at the bedside, in the chair, and on the toilet. We proposed a modified biomechanical model with a linear cane robot for closed-loop control implementation. We validated the design feasibility of the proposed ambient SuperLimb system including the biomechanical model, our result showed the advantages in reducing lower limb efforts and elderly fall risks, yet the detection accuracy using depth sensing and adjustments on the model still require further research in the future. Nevertheless, we summarized empirical guidelines to support the ambient design of elderly-assistive SuperLimb systems for lower limb functional augmentation.

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Droplet breakup morphologies and the resultant size distribution in an opposed-flow airstream at different Weber numbers

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Chakraborty, Shubham Ade, Someshwar Sanjay Chandrala, Lakshmana Dora Sahu, Kirti Chandra Center for Interdisciplinary Program Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Kandi Telangana Sangareddy502 284 India Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Kandi Telangana Sangareddy502 284 India Department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Kandi Sangareddy Telangana 502 284 India

The present study investigates the morphology and breakup dynamics of a freely falling drop in a vertical airstream using shadowgraphy and in-line holography. The in-line holography provides the temporal evolution of the volumetric size distribution of child droplets formed during various fragmentation processes at different Weber numbers (We). The droplet undergoes different fragmentation processes at significantly lower Weber numbers in opposed-flow configurations compared to cross-flow configurations. Our findings reveal distinct fragmentation modes, namely bag, bag-stamen, and dual-bag breakup, observed at We = 9.38, 16.9, and 18.9, respectively. At We = 9.38, the combined effects of bag rupture, rim breakup, and node fragmentation generate child droplets of varying sizes, driven by the interplay of the Rayleigh-Plateau and Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities. At We = 16.9, the interaction of aerodynamic and shear forces leads to bag-stamen fragmentation, characterized by forming a stamen-like structure along with the bag. Both bag and bag-stamen breakups result in tri-modal size distributions. However, at We = 16.9, fewer tiny droplets are produced compared to the bag breakup observed at lower Weber numbers. In contrast, at We = 18.9, a dual-bag breakup occurs, where both bags inflate and burst simultaneously. This process generates tiny child droplets in the early stages, while larger child droplets form later due to the fragmentation of the rim and nodes, resulting in a bi-modal size distribution. We have performed a theoretical analysis using a two-parameter gamma distribution, which satisfactorily predicts the size distributions observed experimentally at different Weber numbers. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Size distribution

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Inculcating character values (ICV) for the 21st century in Indonesia: A case study in vocational schools

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2671卷

作者： Rabiman Rabiman Dianna Ratnawati Endang Wani Karyaningsih Muhammad Nurtanto Herminarto Sofyan Herman Dwi Surjono 1Department of Mechanical Engineering Vocational Education Universitas Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa Indonesia 2Department of Family Welfare Education Vocational Education Universitas Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa Indonesia 3Department of Mechanical Engineering Education Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa Indonesia 4Department of Postgraduate Program Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta Indonesia

This study aims to describe the inculcation of character values and describe the values of superior character and require strengthening through activities for the 21st century in vocational schools, Indonesia. Descriptive qualitative research approach was chosen to reveal the existing phenomena based on the perspective of four vocational teachers involved with the characteristics of two female vocational teachers and two male vocational teachers from public and private school status. Teaching practice experience was considered in the selection of participants, namely 13-25 years, revealing that vocational teachers are actively involved in the formation and cultivation of student character values through school activities or programs and learning practice activities. The data collection technique uses a deep interview a long time 60-90 minutes with an interview instrument of eight questions. The results of the study found as many as five main character values namely Nationalist, Religious, Integrity, Independence, Mutual cooperation with the superior character in vocational students is Integrity, but on the other hand the character is low and needs to be improved, namely Independence due to the lack of self-confidence, initiative in completing responsibilities responsibility in the form of student work. The inculcation of character values in school activities can be seen in school rules, religious activities, extracurricular (scouts, student religious organizations) as well as practical learning activities including (teamwork, 5R culture and occupational health and safety. The formation of character value is an important variable for postgraduates in vocational education and a major consideration for DUIKA in Indonesia.

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