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Development of a novel autonomous lower extremity exoskeleton robot for walking assistance

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic engineering 2019年第3期20卷 318-329页

作者： Yong HE Nan LI Chao WANG Lin-qing XIA Xu YONG Xin-yu WU Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Robotics and Intelligent System Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS Key Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen College of Advanced Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Mechanical Engineering and Intelligent Systems the University of Electro-Communications

Today, exoskeletons are widely applied to provide walking assistance for patients with lower limb motor incapacity. Most existing exoskeletons are under-actuated, resulting in a series of problems, e.g., interference and unnatural gait during walking. In this study, we propose a novel intelligent autonomous lower extremity exoskeleton(Auto-LEE), aiming at improving the user experience of wearable walking aids and extending their application *** traditional exoskeletons, Auto-LEE has 10 degrees of freedom, and all the joints are actuated independently by direct current motors, which allows the robot to maintain balance in aiding walking without extra *** new exoskeleton is designed and developed with a modular structure concept and multi-modal human-robot interfaces are considered in the control system. To validate the ability of self-balancing bipedal walking, three general algorithms for generating walking patterns are researched, and a preliminary experiment is implemented.

关键词： Lower-limb Exoskeleton Self-balancing Bipedal walking Modular design

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Rapid fabrication of PMMA/PET-E/PMMA for thermoplastic microfluidic membrane devices 23

Rapid fabrication of PMMA/PET-E/PMMA for thermoplastic micro...

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23rd International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life Sciences, MicroTAS 2019

作者： Persson, Henrik Park, Siwan Mohan, Michael Young, Edmond Simmons, Craig A. Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Toronto Canada Experimental Medical Science Lund University Sweden Translational Biology and Engineering Program Ted Roger's Centre for Heart Research Toronto Canada Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering University of Toronto Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781733419000

We present a method to rapidly fabricate a large number of thermoplastic microfluidic systems where horizontal microchannels are separated by a porous membrane for modelling biological barriers. We optimize and combine solvent bonding, milling and laser cutting to fabricate in excess of 100 devices in two days. The optimized protocol relies on a commercial solvent blend, retention grooves for solvent distribution, and force application to create strong, leak-free bonds. The devices are evaluated for suitability for modelling biological barriers by culturing endothelial cells and measuring permeability using a plate reader. © 2019 CBMS-0001.

关键词： Laser beams

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aflow++: a C++ framework for autonomous materials design

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Oses, Corey Esters, Marco Hicks, David Divilov, Simon Eckert, Hagen Friedrich, Rico Mehl, Michael J. Smolyanyuk, Andriy Campilongo, Xiomara van de Walle, Axel Schroers, Jan Kusne, A. Gilad Takeuchi, Ichiro Zurek, Eva Nardelli, Marco Buongiorno Fornari, Marco Lederer, Yoav Levy, Ohad Toher, Cormac Curtarolo, Stefano Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke University DurhamNC27708 United States Center for Autonomous Materials Design Duke University DurhamNC27708 United States LIFT American Lightweight Materials Manufacturing Innovation Institute DetroitMI48216 United States Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf Dresden01328 Germany Theoretical Chemistry Technische Universität Dresden Dresden01062 Germany Institute of Solid State Physics Technische Universität Wien WienA-1040 Austria School of Engineering Brown University ProvidenceRI02912 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Yale University New HavenCT06511 United States Materials Measurement Science Division National Institute of Standards and Technology GaithersburgMD20899 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Department of Chemistry State University of New York at Buffalo BuffaloNY14260 United States Department of Physics Department of Chemistry University of North Texas DentonTX76203 United States Santa Fe Institute Santa FeNM87501 United States Department of Physics Science of Advanced Materials Program Central Michigan University Mount PleasantMI48859 United States Department of Physics NRCN P.O. Box 9001 Beer-Sheva84190 Israel Department of Materials Science and Engineering Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Texas at Dallas RichardsonTX75080 United States

The realization of novel technological opportunities given by computational and autonomous materials design requires efficient and effective frameworks. For more than two decades, aflow++ (Automatic-Flow Framework for Materials Discovery) has provided an interconnected collection of algorithms and workflows to address this challenge. This article contains an overview of the software and some of its most heavily-used functionalities, including algorithmic details, standards, and examples. Key thrusts are highlighted: the calculation of structural, electronic, thermodynamic, and thermomechanical properties in addition to the modeling of complex materials, such as high-entropy ceramics and bulk metallic glasses. The aflow++ software prioritizes interoperability, minimizing the number of independent parameters and tolerances. It ensures consistency of results across property sets — facilitating machine learning studies. The software also features various validation schemes, offering real-time quality assurance for data generated in a high-throughput fashion. Altogether, these considerations contribute to the development of large and reliable materials databases that can ultimately deliver future materials systems. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Quality assurance

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A genuine correlation in piezoelectric properties of two-dimensional materials: A high-throughput computational study

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Arlı, Cihan Kocabaş, Tugbey Çakır, Deniz Sevik, Cem Department of Materials Science and Engineering Institute of Graduate Program Eskisehir Technical University Eskiehir TR26555 Turkey Department of Physics and Astrophysics University of North Dakota Grand ForksND58202 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Eskisehir Technical University Eskiehir TR26555 Turkey

The rational design of two-dimensional piezoelectric materials has recently garnered increasing interest because of harnessing these materials in technological applications, including sensor technology, actuating devices, energy harvesting, and medical applications. Several materials possessing high piezoelectric response have been reported so far, but a high-throughput first-principles approach to estimate the piezoelectric potential of layered materials has not been performed yet. In this respect, we systematically investigated the piezoelectric (e11, d11) and elastic (C11 and C12) properties of 108 thermodynamically stable two-dimensional (2D) semiconductor materials by employing first-principle methods. Our calculations found a notable difference between the relaxed ion coefficients calculated with GGA and LDA functionals, indicating a strong exchange-correlation functional dependence. Nevertheless, both functionals yield the same trends for the elastic constants and piezoelectric coefficients. Our high-throughput approach demonstrates that the materials containing Group-V elements produce notably high piezoelectric strain constants, d11 > 40 pmV−1, and 42 of considered materials have the e11 coefficient higher than MoS2 insomuch as BrSSb has one of the largest d11 with a value of 503.6 pmV−1. Besides, we established simple empirical models to estimate the d11 coefficients by utilizing the relative ionic motion in the unit cell and the polarizability of the individual elements in the compounds. The proposed models, tested for both exchange-correlation functionals, are successful in estimating the piezoelectric constants of the studied materials with sufficient accuracy. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Piezoelectricity

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Effects of carbon nanofiber z-threads on the longitudinal compressive strength of unidirectional CFRP laminates

Effects of carbon nanofiber z-threads on the longitudinal co...

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SAMPE 2019 Conference and Exhibition

作者： Kirmse, Sebastian Kim, Keonhyeong Ranabhat, Bikash Hsiao, Kuang-Ting College of Engineering University of South Alabama MobileAL36688 United States Systems Engineering Program University of South Alabama MobileAL36688 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering University of South Alabama MobileAL36688 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781934551301

In this study, unidirectional carbon fiber prepregs that contain long carbon nanofiber (CNF) z-threads as a through-thickness (z-directional) reinforcement were manufactured. The CNF z-threads are long enough to thread through multiple carbon fiber (CF) arrays, which creates a multi-scale CNF/CF/resin-composite. The CNF z-threaded prepregs were manufactured using an electric-field aligned flow-transferring process. It was hypothesized that the CNF z-threads with the zig-zag threading pattern reinforces the interlaminar and intralaminar regions of the CFRP laminate thus improve the compressive strength by reducing the chance of carbon fiber buckling. Compressive testing was performed per modified version of ASTM D695 (i.e., SACMA SRM 1R-94) to evaluate the compressive strength of the CNF z-threaded CFRP (ZT-CFRP) laminates. The samples were manufactured using AS4 carbon fibers, EPON 862/Epikure-W resin and a 1wt% CNF content. ZT-CFRP testing results were compared with unaligned CNF-modified CFRP (UA-CFRP) and unmodified CFRP samples to investigate the impact of the CNF z-threads on the compressive strength. Results showed an increase of ~15% for the compressive strength of ZT-CFRPs, whereas the UA-CFRPs experienced a decrease of ~8% when compared to unmodified CFRPs. It was concluded that CNF/carbon fiber interlocking stops and delays crack growth, and helps to stabilize carbon fibers from further buckling. Copyright 2019 by Sebastian Kirmse et al. Published by Society for the Advancement of Material and Process engineering with permission.

关键词： Carbon nanofibers

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Regression Model for Optimum Solar Collectors’ Tilt Angles in Libya

Regression Model for Optimum Solar Collectors’ Tilt Angles ...

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Renewable Energy & Sustainability (ieCRES), International engineering Conference on

作者： Yasser F. Nassar Hala J. El- Khozondar Nasser M. Abouhmod Ahmed A. Abubaker Abdussalam A. Ahmed Abdulgader Alsharif Mohamed M. Khaleel Mohamed Elnaggar Rifa J. El-Khozondar Mechancal & Renewable energy. Eng. Dept. Wadi Alshatti University Brack-Libya Electrical Eng. and Smart Systems Dept. The Islamic University of Gaza Gaza Palestine Electrical and Electronic Eng. Dept. Eng. Faculty Wadi Alshatti University Brack-Libya Mechanical Eng. Dept. Bani Waleed University Bani Waleed Libya Faculty of Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) Johor Malaysia Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Eng. Karabu University Karabuk Turkey Engineering Program Department Palestine Technical College – Deir ElBalah Deir El-Balah Palestine Physics Departments Faculty of Science Gaza Al-Aqsa University Gaza Palestine

The present study presents a regression function for optimum tilt angle for fixed mode flat-plate solar harvesters suitable for different locations in Libya, sky conditions and albedo values. The research based on 14 years -15 minutes time series solar irradiation components which provided by Solargis database platform for 24 different locations in Libya, based on the contract signed between the Solargis Company and Wadi AlShatti University. Several transposition models are applied - corresponding to each location - for estimating the tilted global solar irradiance components according to recommendation of a local recent study. The proposed model corrects the optimum tilt angle by involving the three components of the solar irradiation: direct beam, sky-diffused and ground reflected solar irradiances. The results proved the applicability and reliability of the obtained regression model. In addition, results showed the high potential of the proposed model for use in engineering design, eco-energetic analysis and optimum design processes.

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Lignocellulosic biofuel properties and reactivity analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) toward zero carbon scheme: A critical review

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Energy Conversion and Management: X 2024年 22卷

作者： Ria Aniza Wei-Hsin Chen Eilhann E. Kwon Quang-Vu Bach Anh Tuan Hoang Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics National Cheng Kung University Tainan 701 Taiwan International Doctoral Degree Program on Energy Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan 701 Taiwan Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy College of Engineering Tunghai University Taichung 407 Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering National Chin-Yi University of Technology Taichung 411 Taiwan Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering Hanyang University Seoul 04763 Republic of Korea Sustainable Management of Natural Resources and Environment Research Group Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety Ton Duc Thang University Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam Faculty of Automotive Engineering Dong A University Danang Viet Nam

Biomass is an organic substance widely available in nature as a fresh or a waste material considered renewable energy that aligns with the zero-carbon scheme to reduce the dependency on fossil fuels. However, after conversion, biomass's physical or chemical properties highly affect biofuel characteristics. A variety of instruments can be used to figure out biofuel reactivity. Considering commonly adopted instruments, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) is a simple, fast, and efficient way to determine biofuel properties and reactivity. The TGA method has the capability to analyze the biofuel properties (proximate analysis: moisture, volatile matter, fixed carbon, and ash) and combustion features of biomass (such as ignition, reactivity, etc). Most importantly, the TG curvatures (TGA and DTG) reveal the behavior of the biofuel during the thermodegradation process. As a consequence, the quality and quantity analyses on the biofuel properties and reactivity can be investigated comprehensively. Moreover, some TGA integration with artificial intelligence (AI) has been studied to better understand biofuel management and technology for future development. The outcome for the TGA-AI integration may obtain an excellent result with the fit quality value R 2 >95 %. This study aims to comprehensively review relevant research using TGA to analyze the lignocellulosic biofuel properties and reactivity. Moreover, the discussion in this study is extended to perspective, challenges, and future work.

关键词： Biofuel Thermogravimetric analysis Lignocellulosic biomass Proximate analysis Combustion indexes AI application

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A comprehensive channel and feature selection method for myoelectric pattern recognition 22

A comprehensive channel and feature selection method for myo...

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22nd IEEE International Conference on E-Health Networking, Application and Services, HEALTHCOM 2020

作者： Li, Mengyao Ma, Yue Zheng, Liangsheng Wang, Can Feng, Wei Wu, Xinyu Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Robotics and Intelligent System Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen518055 China CAS Key Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen518055 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen518055 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728162676

The advent of myoelectric control schemes provides promising chances for locomotion empowerment and restoration of those with disabilities. Despite substantial efforts have been made into advancing sEMG-based motion recognition, it may be a little tricky to determine appropriate muscles and features for people with muscle disorders or different muscle use preferences. To mitigate it, an advantageous sEMG channel and feature selection method based on ReliefF algorithm was proposed. Related experiments were conducted on a eight able-bodied subject database to showcase the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed approach, that is, considerably high classification performance was maintained with the original feature set reduced by more than half. Ulteriorly, we also investigated the influences of different number of neighbors or features on classification accuracy for ascertaining the optimal values. The strengths of our proposed method lie in not only customizing channel and feature selection for individual users, but also offering preliminary insight for a general mapping mechanism between human muscles and corresponding motions. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Feature Selection

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Experimental validation of the sensing capabilities of tunable interdigital transducer

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Diagnostyka 2018年第1期19卷 49-56页

作者： Maka, Micha AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics Department of Robotics and Mechatronics al. A. Mickiewicza 30 Krakow30-059 Poland

Modern systems and methods of Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) and Non Destructive Testing (NDT) require new types of transducers. In this paper, a new type of Lamb Wave transducer, the Tunable Interdigital Transducer (T-IDT), developed at AGH University of Science and Technology, is presented and its sensing capabilities are discussed based on experimental tests. The properties of the proposed transducer are similar to those of a traditional Interdigital Transducer (IDT), except for its ability to change the wavelength to which the transducer is tuned without introducing any physical changes in the electrode layout. In the paper, three sets of experiments are presented. The first two determine the ability of the transducer to measure the distance of damage from the transducer. The last set of experiments investigates the angular sensitivity of the proposed transducer for modelled damage. The presented results are compared to ones obtained with a traditional IDT.

关键词： Surface waves

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Compressive Stress Enhances Invasive Phenotype of Cancer Cells via Piezo1 Activation

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医用生物力学 2019年第A01期34卷 125-126页

作者： Mingzhi Luo Kenneth KYHo Zhaowen Tong Linhong Deng Allen PLiu Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences Changzhou UniversityChangzhouJiangsuChina Department of Mechanical Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA Department of Biophysics University of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of MichiganAnnArborMichiganUSA Cellular and Molecular Biology Program University of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA

In this study,we hypothesized that Piezo 1 channels mediate the compression-enhanced invasive phenotype of cancer cells via a caveolae-dependent *** test this hypothesis,we examined in vitro cultured human breast cancer cells for their ability to invade and degrade extracellular matrix in the presence or absence of compressive stress,together with corresponding changes in Piezo1 as well as cytoskeletal remodeling and calcium *** we show that compressive stress enhanced invasion,matrix degradation,and invadopodia formation of breast cancer *** further identified Piezo1 as the putative mechanosensitive cellular component that transmits compression to induce calcium influx,which in turn triggers several downstream ***,for the first time we observed inv-adopodia with matrix degradation ability on the apical side of the cells, similar to those commonly observed at the cell s ventral ***,we demonstrate that Piezo1 and caveolae were both involved in mediating the compressive stress-induced cancer cell invasive phenotype as Piezo 1 and caveolae were often colocalized,and reduction of Cav-1 expression or disruption of caveolae with methyl-β-cyclodextrin led to not only reduced Piezo1 expression but also attenuation of the invasive phenotypes promoted by compressive *** together,we first observed that in breast cancer cells,simulating uncontrolled growth-induced compressive stress enhanced cancer cell invasion,matrix degradation,and invadopodia and stress fiber *** study also confirmed that Piezo1 channels are highly expressed in breast cancer cells compared to normal breast cells,and is consistent with the data that compressive stress regulates cell migration of breast cancer cells but not normal breast ***,we identified that Piezol mediated these processes and the invasive phenotypes also depended on the integrity of *** findings provide the first demonstration that compres

关键词： compressive stress caveolae Piezo1 invadopodia mechanotransduction

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