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arXiv 2025年

作者： Mueller, Niclas S. Fellows, Alexander P. John, Ben Naclerio, Andrew E. Carbogno, Christian Gharagozloo-Hubmann, Katayoun Baláž, Damián Kowalski, Ryan A. Heenen, Hendrik H. Scheurer, Christoph Reuter, Karsten Caldwell, Joshua D. Wolf, Martin Kidambi, Piran R. Thämer, Martin Paarmann, Alexander Department of Physical Chemistry Fritz-Haber-Institute of the Max-Planck-Society Berlin14195 Germany Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN37235 United States Theory Department Fritz-Haber-Institute of the Max-Planck-Society Berlin14195 Germany Department of Physics Freie Universität Berlin Berlin14195 Germany Department of Mechanical Engineering Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN37235 United States Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN37235 United States

Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) is an important 2D material for van der Waals heterostructures, single photon emitters, and infrared nanophotonics. The optical characterization of mono- and few-layer samples of hBN however remains a challenge as the material is almost invisible optically. Here we introduce phase-resolved sum-frequency microscopy as a technique for imaging monolayers of hBN grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and visualize their crystal orientation. A combination of femtosecond mid-infrared (IR) and visible laser pulses is used for sum-frequency generation (SFG), which is imaged in a wide-field optical microscope. The IR laser resonantly excites a phonon of hBN that leads to an ~800-fold enhancement of the SFG intensity, making it possible to image large 100x100 µm2 sample areas in less than 1 s. Implementing heterodyne detection in combination with azimuthal rotation of the sample further provides full crystallographic information. Through combined knowledge of topography and crystal orientation, we find that triangular domains of CVD-grown monolayer hBN have nitrogen-terminated zigzag edges. Overall, SFG microscopy can be used as an ultra-sensitive tool to image crystal structure, strain, stacking sequences, and twist angles, and is applicable to the wide range of van der Waals structures, where location and identification of monolayer regions and interfaces with broken inversion symmetry is of paramount importance. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Van der Waals forces

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Bi_2Se_3/C Nanocomposite as a New Sodium-Ion Battery Anode Material

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Nano-Micro Letters 2018年第3期10卷 135-143页

作者： Lixin Xie Ze Yang Jingying Sun Haiqing Zhou Xiaowei Chi Hailong Chen ANDy X.Li Yan Yao Shuo Chen Department of Physics and TcSUH University of Houston Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Houston The Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Clements High School

Bi_2Se_3 was studied as a novel sodium-ion battery anode material because of its high theoretical capacity and high intrinsic conductivity. Integrated with carbon,Bi_2Se_3/C composite shows excellent cyclic performance and rate capability. For instance, the Bi_2Se_3/C anode delivers an initial capacity of 527 mAh g^(-10) at 0.1 A g^(-1) and maintains 89% of this capacity over 100 cycles. The phase change and sodium storage mechanism are also carefully investigated.

关键词： Bi2Se3 Sodium-ion battery High-energy ball milling Sodium storage mechanism

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Titelbild: Interdependence of Support Wettability - Electrodeposition Rate- Sodium Metal Anode and SEI Microstructure (Angew. Chem. 8/2025)

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Angewandte Chemie 2025年第8期137卷

作者： Chang-An Lo Yixian Wang Varun R. Kankanallu Aditya Singla Dean Yen Xiaoyin Zheng Kaustubh G. Naik Bairav S. Vishnugopi Callum Campbell Vikalp Raj Chonghang Zhao Lu Ma Jianming Bai Feipeng Yang Ruipeng Li Mingyuan Ge John Watt Partha P. Mukherjee David Mitlin Yu-chen Karen Chen-Wiegart Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY 11794 USA Materials Science and Engineering Program & Texas Materials Institute The University of Texas at Austin Austin TX 78712 USA School of Mechanical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 USA National Synchrotron Light Source II Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY 11973 USA Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM 87545 USA

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On the Effect of the Stress Ratio on Fatigue Properties of Ti-6Al-4V Produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion

Material Design & Processing Communication

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Material Design & Processing Communication 2022年第1期2022卷

作者： A. Cutolo C. Elangeswaran B. Van Hooreweder KU Leuven Department of Mechanical Engineering Celestijnenlaan 300 3001 Leuven Belgiumkuleuven.be SIM M3 Program Technologiepark 48 9052 Zwijnaarde Belgium

Fatigue life estimation of Ti-6Al-4V parts produced by additive manufacturing (AM) technologies has received increasing interest during the last decade. Recent studies focused mostly on the fatigue performance of Ti-6Al-4V considering a fixed stress ratio ( R ), usually 0.1 or −1. However, in order to properly design structural components subjected to variable loads, the effect of different stress ratios on the fatigue performance has to be carefully investigated. This research studies the stress ratio influence on the fatigue properties of Ti-6Al-4V specimens produced by laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF). Miniaturized Ti-6Al-4V samples were tested with the step procedure for different R values. A constant life Haigh's diagram (2 · 10 6 cycles) was generated for L-PBF Ti-6Al-4V in as-built, electro-polished, and machined surface condition. The results present for the first time the relations between alternating and mean stresses for L-PBF Ti-6Al-4V with a fine α + β microstructure when different surface posttreatments are used to enhance the coupons’ final surface quality.

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Positive pressure testing booths development and deployment in response to the COVID-19 outbreak

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Aroom, Kevin Ge, Jiawei White, Marcee Al-Zogbi, Lidia Trustman, Adrienne Greenbaum, Adena Krieger, Axel Farley, Jason Robert E. Fischell Institute for Biomedical Devices Department of Bioengineering University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Laboratory for Computational Sensing and Robotics Department of Mechanical Engineering Johns Hopkins University BaltimoreMD21218 United States Robert E. Fischell Institute for Biomedical Devices Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Total Health Care Inc. 1501 Division Street BaltimoreMD21217 United States Health Care for the Homeless 421 Fallsway BaltimoreMD21202 United States STI/HIV Program Baltimore City Health Department BaltimoreMD21202 United States The REACH Initiative Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing BaltimoreMD21205 United States

The COVID-19 pandemic left an unprecedented impact on the general public health, resulting in thousands of deaths in the US alone. Nationwide testing plans were initiated to control the spread, with drive-through being the currently dominant testing approach, which, however, exhausts personal protective equipment supplies, and is unfriendly to individuals not owning a vehicle. Walk-up testing booths are a safe alternative, but are too prohibitively priced on the market to allow for nationwide deployment. In this paper, we present an accessible, mobile, affordable, and safe version of a positive-pressure COVID-19 testing booth. The booths are manufactured using primarily off-the-shelf components from US vendors with minimized customization. The booths’ mobility allows them to be easily transported within local communities to test a larger subset of the population with fewer transportation options. Moreover, the final bill of materials does not surpass USD 3,900, which is about half of the market price. The booths are air conditioned and HEPA filtered to offer healthcare providers a safe and comfortable working environment. The prototype passed required pressure and air exchange tests, and was positively reviewed by two healthcare professionals. Currently, five booths are deployed and used at the Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore City Health department, and two community health centers in Baltimore. Our design facilitates walk-up testing in the US, as it decreases PPE consumption;reduces the risk of infection;and is accessible to lower-income communities and non-drivers. © 2021, CC BY-SA.

关键词： Air conditioning

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Psychometric Evaluation of Multi-Point Bone-Conducted Tactile Stimulation on the Three Bony Landmarks of the Elbow

Psychometric Evaluation of Multi-Point Bone-Conducted Tactil...

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IEEE/RAS-EMBS International Conference on Biomedical robotics and Biomechatronics (BioRob)

作者： Raphael M. Mayer Alireza Mohammadi Ying Tan Gursel Alici Peter Choong Denny Oetomo Human Robotics Laboratory The University of Melbourne Australia School of Mechanical Materials Mechatronic and Biomedical Engineering University of Wollongong Australia ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science Department of Surgery The University of Melbourne Australia

ISBN: (数字)9781728159072

ISBN: (纸本)9781728159089

Sensory feedback is highly desirable in upper limb prostheses as well as in human robot interaction and other human machine interfaces. Bone conduction as sensory feedback interface is a recently studied approach showing promising properties. A combination of different feedback information is often necessary for prosthetic grasping, thus multiple feedback channels are required for effective sensory feedback. The use of multiple bone conduction stimulation sites simultaneously has not yet been studied. In this paper, the psychometric evaluation of multiple stimulation sites on the physiologically given bony landmarks on the elbow is investigated. The proposed approach is evaluated on human-subject experiments with six able-bodied subjects and one subject with transradial amputation. Vibrotactile transducers are placed on the bony landmarks of the elbow to determine the identification rate of each stimulation point separately as well as the identification rate of the number of active stimulation points for different frequencies. The outcomes show high identification rates for a frequency range from 100 to 750 Hz whilst performance deteriorates to at chance level at higher frequencies. A decreasing performance in identifying the number of active stimulation sites for an increasing number of simultaneous active transducers was observed. The obtained good performance in location identification suggests that information can be encoded via the location of the stimulation.

关键词： Bones Transducers Robot sensing systems Elbow Prosthetics Skin Force

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3D printing of multilayered scaffolds for rotator cuff tendon regeneration

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Bioactive Materials 2020年第3期5卷 636-643页

作者： Xiping Jiang Shaohua Wu Mitchell Kuss Yunfan Kong Wen Shi Philipp N.Streubel Tieshi Li Bin Duan Mary&Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program Division of CardiologyDepartment of Internal MedicineUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE68198USA Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology Program Department of GeneticsCell Biology and AnatomyUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE68198USA College of Textiles&Clothing Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Biomass FibersQingdao UniversityQingdao266071China Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE68198USA Department of Pediatrics University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE68198USA Department of Surgery College of MedicineUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE68198USA Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE68516USA

Repairing massive rotator cuff tendon defects remains a challenge due to the high retear rate after surgical intervention.3D printing has emerged as a promising technique that enables the fabrication of engineered tissues with heterogeneous structures and mechanical properties,as well as controllable microenvironments for tendon *** this study,we developed a new strategy for rotator cuff tendon repair by combining a 3D printed scaffold of polylactic-co-glycolic acid(PLGA)with cell-laden collagen-fibrin *** designed and fabricated two types of scaffolds:one featuring a separate layer-by-layer structure and another with a tri-layered structure as a *** tensile tests showed that both types of scaffolds had improved mechanical properties compared to single-layered PLGA *** printed scaffold with collagen-fibrin hydrogels effectively supported the growth,proliferation,and tenogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem *** implantation of the multilayered scaffolds demonstrated their excellent in vivo *** study demonstrates the feasibility of 3D printing multilayered scaffolds for application in rotator cuff tendon regeneration.

关键词： Collagen-fibrin hydrogel Tenogenic differentiation Tendon repair Tissue engineering

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Spontaneous and Induced Oscillations in Confined Epithelia

PRX Life

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PRX Life 2025年第1期3卷 013002-013002页

作者： Toshi Parmar Liam P. Dow Beth L. Pruitt M. Cristina Marchetti Department of Physics University of California Santa Barbara Santa Barbara California 93106 USA Interdisciplinary Program in Quantitative Biosciences University of California Santa Barbara Santa Barbara California 93106 USA Departments of Bioengineering and of Mechanical Engineering University of California Santa Barbara Santa Barbara California 93106 USA

The feedback between mechanical and chemical signals plays a key role in controlling many biological processes and collective cell behavior. Here we focus on the emergence of spatiotemporal density waves in a one-dimensional “cell train.” Combining a minimal theoretical model with in vitro experiments on MDCK epithelial cells confined to a linear pattern, we examine the spontaneous oscillations driven by feedback between myosin activation and mechanical deformations, as well as their effect on the response of the tissue to externally applied deformations. We show that the nature and frequency of spontaneous oscillations is controlled by the size of the cell train, with a transition from size-dependent standing waves to intrinsic spontaneous waves at the natural frequency of the tissue. The response to external boundary perturbations exhibits a resonance at this natural frequency, providing a possible venue for inferring the mechanochemical couplings that control the tissue behavior from rheological experiments.

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OpenKBP: The open-access knowledge-based planning grand challenge

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Babier, Aaron Zhang, Binghao Mahmood, Rafid Moore, Kevin L. Purdie, Thomas G. McNiven, Andrea L. Chan, Timothy C.Y. Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering University of Toronto Canada Department of Radiation Oncology University of California San Diego United States Radiation Medicine Program Princess Margaret Cancer Centre

The purpose of this work is to advance fair and consistent comparisons of dose prediction methods for knowledge-based planning (KBP) in radiation therapy research. We hosted OpenKBP, a 2020 AAPM Grand Challenge, and challenged participants to develop the best method for predicting the dose of contoured CT images. The models were evaluated according to two separate scores: (1) dose score, which evaluates the full 3D dose distributions, and (2) dose-volume histogram (DVH) score, which evaluates a set DVH metrics. Participants were given the data of 340 patients who were treated for head-and-neck cancer with radiation therapy. The data was partitioned into training (n = 200), validation (n = 40), and testing (n = 100) datasets. All participants performed training and validation with the corresponding datasets during the validation phase of the Challenge, and we ranked the models in the testing phase based on out-of-sample performance. The Challenge attracted 195 participants from 28 countries, and 73 of those participants formed 44 teams in the validation phase, which received a total of 1750 submissions. The testing phase garnered submissions from 28 teams. On average, over the course of the validation phase, participants improved the dose and DVH scores of their models by a factor of 2.7 and 5.7, respectively. In the testing phase one model achieved significantly better dose and DVH score than the runner-up models. Lastly, many of the top performing teams reported using generalizable techniques (e.g., ensembles) to achieve higher performance than their competition. This is the first competition for knowledge-based planning research, and it helped launch the first platform for comparing KBP prediction methods fairly and consistently. The OpenKBP datasets are available publicly to help benchmark future KBP research, which has also democratized KBP research by making it accessible to everyone. © 2020, CC BY.

关键词： Radiotherapy

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An analytical modelling of cutting forces in orthogonal elliptical vibration cutting

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Journal of Micromanufacturing 2020年第1期4卷 36 - 49页

作者： Arvind Shivaji Shirale Sandeep Sahu Sanjeev Kumar Patel J. Ramkumar Shashank Shekhar Materials Science Program Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur Uttar Pradesh India Structural Nanomaterials Lab Department of Materials Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur Uttar Pradesh India Materials Science Program Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur Uttar Pradesh India Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur Uttar Pradesh India

In the present work, an analytical model is proposed to predict the cutting forces in elliptical vibration cutting (EVC). In general, cutting force in metal cutting is a function of the shear angle (φ) and shear strength (τ) of the material. However, these parameters vary dynamically over a cutting cycle of EVC. In this work, the shear angle has been modelled based on the plasticity theory of maximum shear stress criteria. For transient shear strength prediction, the Johnson–Cook model is used. This model predicts shear strength for time-varying strain and strain rate in EVC. The obtained analytical results of cutting forces were compared with experimental results published in the literature and found to be in good agreement (within 12% error) with them. Based on the proposed model, the cutting forces can be modelled as a function of cutting process parameters (depth of cut, cutting velocity), tool parameter (rake angle), physical and thermo-mechanical properties for different materials, without any experimental inputs from EVC.

关键词： Elliptical vibration cutting (EVC) machining machine parameters tool parameters

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