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1st International Conference on Design, Energy, Materials and Manufacture, ICDEMM 2018

作者： Negara, D.N.K.P. Nindhia, T.G.T. Surata, I.W. Sucipta, M. Hidajat, F. Doctoral Study Program of Engineering Science Faculty of Engineering Udayana University Kampus Sudirman Denpasar-Bali Indonesia Mechanical Engineering Department Udayana University Street of Bukit Jimbaran Bali Badung Indonesia PPPTMGB Lemigas Jl. Ciledug Raya Kav. 109 Jakarta Selatan12230 Indonesia

Activated carbon is a versatile porous material that widely applied to purify, deodorize, decolorize, remove or reduce some gases harmful constituents and storage of gas. For different application different characteristics of activated carbon is required. This paper concerns to find out the characteristics of activated carbons derived from tabah bamboo (Gigantochloc nigrociliata) that physically activated with different activation holding time. Prepared tabah bamboo was carbonized by heating up to the temperature of 800 °C for two hours. The char produced was powdered and then activated physically by heating up to 800 °C, soaked at that temperature during each 1, 1.5 and 2 hours under 100 mL/min N2 flow. Activated carbons manufactured were characterized by proximate and ultimate analyses and SEM observation. The results show that the highest fix carbon (82.52%) and lowest ash (5.91 %) was obtained at 1 hour soaking time with moisture and volatile contents were 3.56% and 8.00 % respectively;the highest carbon (C) content of 84.16 % was yielded at soaked time of 1.5 hours;SEM observation shows that there were significant differences of morphology structure between raw material and activated carbons for all of the soaking time variations. The pores structures have been formed in the activated carbons produced. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Activated carbon

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Ultra-Cold Cryogenic TEM Sample Holder with Liquid Helium and High Stability

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Microscopy and Microanalysis 2024年第SUPPLEMENT_1期30卷

作者： Gates, Maya Rennich, Emily Sung, Suk Hyun Agarwal, Nishkarsh Kerns, Robert Hovden, Robert Baggari, Ismail El Department of Mechanical Engineerin University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA Rowland Institute at Harvard University Cambridge MA USA Department of Materials Science & Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA Michigan Center for Materials Characterization University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA Applied Physics Program University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA

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Influence of third element of TiNi alloy on tribological behavior in dry and wet conditions for orthodontic applications 9th

Influence of third element of TiNi alloy on tribological beh...

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9th International Conference on Advanced Materials Research, ICAMR 2019

作者： Phukaoluan, A. Khantachawana, A. Kaewtatip, P. Dechkunakorn, S. Program in Energy and Environmental Management Faculty of Technology Siam Technology College Bangkok10600 Thailand Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi Bangkok10140 Thailand Department of Orthodontics Faculty of Dentistry Mahidol University Bangkok10400 Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9783035714845

The tribological behavior of Ti49.4Ni50.6, Ti49Ni46Cu5 and Ti50Ni47Co3 (at%) alloy in dry and wet conditions was studied. The alloy was prepared in a Vacuum Arc Re-melting (VAR), homogenized at 800oC for 3600 s and quenched in water. The phase transformation temperatures were measured by differential scanning calorimetry. Before a tribology test, it is necessary to determine surface roughness, because high surface roughness affects friction. The hardness behavior, based on the load over residual indent area, was determined by a Vickers hardness tester. The sliding friction tests were performed using a ball-on-disk tribometer in dry condition at room temperature and wet condition in artificial saliva (pH 5.35) at 37oC (Oral temperature). The results showed that transformation temperature (Af) lowered oral temperature (37oC), this was mainly attributed to the superelastic properties that can be taken into orthodontic applications. The studies showed significant influences in dry condition of coefficient of friction. Caused by the force between the ball and the disk, contact pressure of surface area effect in wear occurred. The debris could not be removed from the surface area tested. TiNiCu and TiNiCo generated significantly lower average coefficient of friction when tested under dry condition, which may have been due to the addition of Cu and Co. Wet condition decreased coefficient of friction more than dry condition, owing to the lubricating effects of artificial saliva. © 2019 Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Switzerland.

关键词： Surface roughness

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Modeling liquid water by climbing up Jacob’s ladder in density functional theory facilitated by using deep neural network potentials

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Zhang, Chunyi Tang, Fujie Chen, Mohan Zhang, Linfeng Qiu, Diana Y. Perdew, John P. Klein, Michael L. Wu, Xifan Department of Physics Temple University PhiladelphiaPA19122 United States HEDPS Center for Applied Physics and Technology College of Engineering Peking University Beijing100871 China Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Chemistry Temple University PhiladelphiaPA19122 United States Institute for Computational Molecular Science Temple University PhiladelphiaPA19122 United States

Within the framework of Kohn-Sham density functional theory (DFT), the ability to provide good predictions of water properties by employing a strongly constrained and appropriately normed (SCAN) functional has been extensively demonstrated in recent years. Here, we further advance the modeling of water by building a more accurate model on the fourth rung of Jacob’s ladder with the hybrid functional, SCAN0. In particular, we carry out both classical and Feynman path-integral molecular dynamics calculations of water with the SCAN0 functional and the isobaric-isothermal ensemble. In order to generate the equilibrated structure of water, a deep neural network potential is trained from the atomic potential energy surface based on ab initio data obtained from SCAN0 DFT calculations. For the electronic properties of water, a separate deep neural network potential is trained using the Deep Wannier method based on the maximally localized Wannier functions of the equilibrated trajectory at the SCAN0 level. The structural, dynamic, and electric properties of water were analyzed. The hydrogen-bond structures, density, infrared spectra, diffusion coefficients, and dielectric constants of water, in the electronic ground state, are computed using a large simulation box and long simulation time. For the properties involving electronic excitations, we apply the GW approximation within many-body perturbation theory to calculate the quasiparticle density of states and bandgap of water. Compared to the SCAN functional, mixing exact exchange mitigates the self-interaction error in the meta-generalized-gradient approximation and further softens liquid water towards the experimental direction. For most of the water properties, the SCAN0 functional shows a systematic improvement over the SCAN functional. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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Global health front-end medical device design: The use of prototypes to engage stakeholders

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Development engineering 2020年 5卷

作者： Coulentianos, Marianna J. Rodriguez-Calero, Ilka Daly, Shanna R. Sienko, Kathleen H. Design Science Program University of Michigan 1075 Beal Ave Ann ArborMI48109 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Michigan 2350 Hayward Street Ann ArborMI48109 United States

Availability, accessibility, affordability, and appropriateness are among several factors that significantly affect the adoption and diffusion of medical devices in low- and middle-income countries. Design processes that promote early and frequent engagement with stakeholders may increase the impact of medical devices aimed at addressing global health challenges by improving the uptake and sustained use of such devices. Prototypes are tools that can be leveraged to engage stakeholders during front-end design to define the problem, elicit requirements, and obtain feedback on early design concepts. Given the lack of literature that examines the practices for stakeholder engagement with prototypes during front-end design, this study was guided by the following research question: How do global health design practitioners approach stakeholder engagement with prototypes during front-end medical device design? Eleven design practitioners from industry were interviewed;transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis to uncover prototyping behaviors. Transcript level counts of stakeholder groups, prototype forms, and strategies leveraged during stakeholder engagement with prototypes are reported. Based on the analysis of stakeholders, prototypes, and strategies, engagement events that reflect how the global health setting influenced decisions of stakeholder, prototype, and strategy are presented. Participants described challenges associated with: cross-cultural and remote design;the elicitation of contextual requirements;and limited access to resources. Participants devised approaches to overcome these challenges such as: engaging a wide range of stakeholders including proxy users and government stakeholders;developing long-term relationships with community partners;leveraging communication technologies;engaging stakeholders in the real use environment with physical prototypes;using prototypes to bridge the language barrier;‘polishing’ prototypes;and inviting stakeholders

关键词： Availability

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Stereolithographic (SLA) 3D Printing of Microfluidic Flow Cells to Encapsulate EM Grids Used to Culture Cells for Correlative Imaging Studies

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Microscopy and Microanalysis 2024年第SUPPLEMENT_1期30卷

作者： Rienstra, Nicholas M Sanchez, Juan C Garvis, Steve Fischer, Heather Wright, Elizabeth R Department of Biochemistry University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI USA Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI USA Biophysics Graduate Program University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI USA Cryo-Electron Microscopy Research Center University of Wisconsin Madison WI USA Mortgridge Institute for Research University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI USA

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Spotlight-based 3D instrument guidance for retinal surgery

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Zhou, Mingchuan Wu, Jiahao Ebrahimi, Ali Patel, Niravkumar He, Changyan Gehlbach, Peter Taylor, Russell H. Knoll, Alois Nasseri, M. Ali Iordachita, Iulian Department of Mechanical Engineering and Laboratoryfor Computational Sensing and Robotics The Johns Hopkins University BaltimoreMD21218 United States Chair of Robotics Artificial Intelligence and Real-time Systems Technische Universität München München85748 Germany T Stone Robotics Institute The Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering The Chinese University of HongKong Hong Kong The Wilmer Eye Institute Johns Hopkins Hospital BaltimoreMD21287 United States Augenklinik und Poliklinik Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technische Universität München München81675 Germany

Retinal surgery is a complex activity that can be challenging for a surgeon to perform effectively and safely. Image guided robot-assisted surgery is one of the promising solutions that bring significant surgical enhancement in treatment outcome and reduce the physical limitations of human surgeons. In this paper, we demonstrate a novel method for 3D guidance of the instrument based on the projection of spotlight in the single microscope images. The spotlight projection mechanism is firstly analyzed and modeled with a projection on both a plane and a sphere surface. To test the feasibility of the proposed method, a light fiber is integrated into the instrument which is driven by the Steady-Hand Eye Robot (SHER). The spot of light is segmented and tracked on a phantom retina using the proposed algorithm. The static calibration and dynamic test results both show that the proposed method can easily archive 0.5 mm of tip-to-surface distance which is within the clinically acceptable accuracy for intraocular visual guidance. © 2020, CC BY.

关键词： Ophthalmology

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A Mechanized Pediatric Elbow Joint Powered by a De-Based Artificial Skeletal Muscle*

A Mechanized Pediatric Elbow Joint Powered by a De-Based Art...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： A. Behboodi C. DeSantis J. Lubsen S.C.K. Lee Venture Development Center University of Delaware Newark DE USA Mechanical Engineering Department University of Delaware Newark DE USA Departments of Physical Therapy Biomedical Engineering and Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Biomechanics and Movement Science University of Delaware Newark DE USA

ISBN: (数字)9781728119908

ISBN: (纸本)9781728119915

To increase the acceptability of exoskeletons, there is growing attention toward finding an alternative soft actuator that can safely perform at close vicinity of the human body. In this study, we investigated the capability of the dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs), for muscle-like actuation of rehabilitation robots. First, an artificial skeletal muscle was configured using commercially available stacked DEAs arranged in a 3×4 array of three parallel fibers consisting of four DEAs connected in series. The shortening and force generation capabilities of this artificial muscle were then measured. An alternate 3×5 version of this muscle was mounted on the forearm of an upper extremity phantom model to actuate its elbow joint. The actuation capability of this muscle was then tested under various tensile loads, 1 N to 4 N, placed at the center of mass of the forearm+hand of the phantom model. The active range of motion and angular velocity of the phantom model's tip of the hand were measured using a motion capture system. The 3×4 artificial muscle produced 30.47 N of force and 5.3 mm of maximum shortening. The 3×5 artificial muscle was capable of actuating the elbow flexion 19.5 o with 16.2 o /s angular velocity in the sagittal plane, under a 1 N tensile load. The active range of motion was substantially reduced as the tensile loads increased, which limits the capability of these muscles in the current upper extremity exoskeleton design.

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Optimal Level of Assistance and Weight of Hip-joint Wearable Robot Considering Influences to the Human Body

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2019年第22期52卷 13-18页

作者： Yoosuk Kim Sungwon Shin Kyoungchul Kong Dyhyun Han Autonomous Driving Development Team Hyundai Motor Group Gyeonggi-do Korea Angel Robotics Seoul Korea Mechanical Engineering Department Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon Korea Mechanical Engineering Department Sogang University Seoul Korea

There have been many studies on design and control of hip-joint wearable robots, a part of which have already been commercialized. However, the clear assistance effects of the wearable robot on the human body have not been studied much yet. Although the human body dynamics may be considered in the robot design stage, it is difficult to predict the resultant after wearing the robot due to the complicated nature of human-robot interaction. Another difficulty in designing a hip-joint wearable robot is that the weight of the robot must be taken into consideration because the wearer must fully bear the whole weight of the robot. If a high performance actuator is used to provide greater assistance, the weight of the robot will inevitably increase, putting a burden on the human body. In this paper, musculoskeletal simulation is utilized to predict and analyze the effects of assistance and weight of robot on the human body. Then, the reliability of the simulation is verified through the wearable robot experiment. Furthermore, the relationship between assistance and weight of the robot is derived from the specifications of the commercial hip-joint wearable robots. As a result of the parameter study by applying this relationship, the optimal hip-joint wearable robot weight that the human can receive the best assistance effect is obtained.

关键词： Wearable Robot Weight Hip-joint Wearable Robot Musculoskeletal Simulation Metabolic Cost

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Structural health monitoring: Frequency domain analysis of beam with breathing crack

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2021年第1期729卷

作者： F E Gunawan Y Kanto I Kamil Sutikno H N Tran Industrial Engineering Department BINUS Graduate Program - Master of Industrial Engineering Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia 11480 Mechanical Systems Engineering College of Engineering Ibaraki University Ibaraki Japan Department of Industrial Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Andalas University Padang Indonesia Department of Mechanical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya Indonesia Department of Automotive Engineering Faculty of Transportation Engineering Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam

Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) system can be considered as an Internet-of-Things (IoT) system implemented to engineering structure to provide real-time information on the integrity of the structure. In doing so, the system acquires data from various sensors distributed across the structure and infers damage sensitive quantities. In the research, we proposed a damage index derived from the governing dynamics of the structure in the frequency domain. The proposal was empirically verified by applying the index to analyze the case of a cracked cantilever beam subjected to a harmonic load. The value of the damage index was computed at some points surrounding the crack to understand the effect of the distance of the monitoring point to the crack to the index sensitivity. The results suggest that the index is sensitive to the crack particularly when the observation point is near the crack.

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