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arXiv 2024年

作者： Liang, Xudong Ding, Yimiao Yuan, Zihao Jiang, Junqi Xie, Zongling Fei, Peng Sun, Yixuan Gu, Guoying Zhong, Zheng Chen, Feifei Si, Guangwei Gong, Zhefeng School of Science Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen518055 China Department of Neurology The Fourth Hospital and School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou310058 China Liangzhu Laboratory MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-Machine Integration State Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence Zhejiang University 1369 West Wenyi Road Hangzhou311121 China NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology Zhejiang University Hangzhou310058 China State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Robotics Institute School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences 15 Datun Road Beijing100101 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 19A Yuquan Road Beijing100049 China Huazhong University of Science and Technology Optical and Electronic Information Wuhan430074 China Zhejiang Lab. Hangzhou311121 China

The Drosophila larva, a soft-body animal, can bend its body and roll efficiently to escape danger. However, contrary to common belief, this rolling motion is not driven by the imbalance of gravity and ground reaction forces. Through functional imaging and ablation experiments, we demonstrate that the sequential actuation of axial muscles within an appropriate range of angles is critical for generating rolling. We model the interplay between muscle contraction, hydrostatic skeleton deformation, and body-environment interactions, and systematically explain how sequential muscle actuation generates the rolling motion. Additionally, we constructed a pneumatic soft robot to mimic the larval rolling strategy, successfully validating our model. This mechanics model of soft-body rolling motion not only advances the study of related neural circuits, but also holds potential for applications in soft robotics. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Pneumatics

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Ultraviolet to far-infrared dielectric function of n-doped cadmium oxide thin films

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Physical Review Materials 2020年第2期4卷 025202-025202页

作者： J. Ryan Nolen Evan L. Runnerstrom Kyle P. Kelley Ting S. Luk Thomas G. Folland Angela Cleri Jon-Paul Maria Joshua D. Caldwell Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina USA Army Research Office CDCC US Army Research Laboratory Research Triangle Park North Carolina USA Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque New Mexico USA Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque New Mexico USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania USA

Spectroscopic ellipsometry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were applied to extract the ultraviolet to far-infrared (150–33333cm−1) complex dielectric functions of high-quality, sputtered indium-doped cadmium oxide (In:CdO) thin crystalline films on MgO substrates possessing carrier densities (Nd) ranging from 1.1×1019cm−3 to 4.1×1020cm−3. A multiple oscillator fit model was used to identify and analyze the three major contributors to the dielectric function and their dependence on doping density: interband transitions in the visible, free-carrier excitations (Drude response) in the near- to far-infrared, and IR-active optic phonons in the far-infrared. More specifically, values pertinent to the complex dielectric function such as the optical band gap (Eg), are shown here to be dependent upon carrier density, increasing from approximately 2.5–3 eV, while the high-frequency permittivity (ɛ∞) decreases from 5.6 to 5.1 with increasing carrier density. The plasma frequency (ωp) scales as Nd, resulting in ωp values occurring within the mid- to near-IR, and the effective mass (m*) was also observed to exhibit doping density-dependent changes, reaching a minimum of 0.11mo in unintentionally doped films (1.1×1019cm−3). Good quantitative agreement with prior work on polycrystalline, higher-doped CdO films is also demonstrated, illustrating the generality of the results. The analysis presented here will aid in predictive calculations for CdO-based next-generation nanophotonic and optoelectronic devices, while also providing an underlying physical description of the key properties dictating the dielectric response in this atypical semiconductor system.

关键词： Plasmonics Doped semiconductors Transparent conducting oxides Ellipsometry Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Sputtering

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Design and prototype of wireless robot for condition monitoring of coal conveyor roller bearings

Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering

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Lecture Notes in mechanical engineering 2019年 89-97页

作者： Kumawat, Vikesh P. Divate, Nikhil S. Bansode, Sangeeta Patel, Amit Kumar Jagtap, Kailas S. CAD CAM and Robotics K J Somaiya College of Engineering Mumbai400 077 India Department of Mechanical Engineering K J Somaiya College of Engineering Mumbai400 077 India Tata Power Mumbai India

Belt conveyors are a critical part which plays an important role in the mining, processing, and transportation of coal in thermal power plant. It is necessary that the conveyor system must operate maximum efficiency without any major breakdown. The project consists of an implementation of sensor, hardware and software platform which measures temperature and noise level of each bearing of roller with frame number and generates the report cum warning system and live video output of maintenance carried by robot in controlling computer. The implementation of robot with real-time online condition monitoring of roller in conveyor system of thermal power plant will reduce the overall maintenance cost of thermal power plant and it will also save the man power and improve the safety which requires during maintenance personnel. © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2019.

关键词： Coal

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Confining and channeling sound through coupled resonators

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Zhou, Yun Bandaru, Prabhakar R. Sievenpiper, Daniel F. Department of Mechanical Engineering University of California San Diego San DiegoCA92093 United States Program in Materials Science University of California San Diego San DiegoCA92093 United States Department of Electrical Engineering University of California San Diego San DiegoCA92093 United States

Confining sound is of significant importance for the manipulation and routing acoustic waves. We propose a Helmholtz resonator (HR) based subwavelength sound channel formed at the interface of two metamaterials, for this purpose. The confinement is quantified through (i) a substantial reduction of the pressure, and (ii) an increase in a specific acoustic impedance (defined by the ratio of the local pressure to the sound velocity) - to a very large value outside the channel. The sound confinement is robust to frequency as well as spatial disorder at the interface, as long as the interface related edge mode is situated within the band gap. A closed acoustic circuit was formed by introducing controlled disorder in the HR units at the corners, indicating the possibility of confining sound to a point. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Acoustic impedance

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Publisher's Note: “Contrast-enhanced ultrasound tracking of helical propellers with acoustic phase analysis and comparison with color Doppler” [APL Bioeng. 6, 036102 (2022)]

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APL Bioengineering 2022年第3期6卷

作者： S. Pane M. Zhang V. Iacovacci L. Zhang A. Menciassi 1The BioRobotics Institute Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna Pisa Italy 2Department of Excellence in Robotics & AI Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna Pisa Italy 3Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China

This article was originally published online on 2 August 2022 with errors in the reference numbering through the text.

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[email protected] as high-performance and durable electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction in alkaline membrane fuel cells

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Journal of Alloys and Compounds 2023年 938卷

作者： Shaik Gouse Peera Chao Liu Arunchander Asokan Matthew E. Suss Department of Environmental Science Keimyung University 1095 Dalseo-gu Daegu 42601 Republic of Korea Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry Jiangxi University of Science and Technology Ganzhou 341000 China Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Technion – Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 320003 Israel Grand Technion Energy Program Technion – Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 3200003 Israel Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering Technion – Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 3200003 Israel

Discovery of electrocatalysts composed of cheap transition metals are urgent to replace the traditional Pt/C catalyst used for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Herein, we synthesized Cu nanoparticles encapsulated with nitrogen-doped carbon ( [email protected] ) as an excellent and durable catalyst for ORR. A systematic evaluation of the effect of Cu content, acid leaching and secondary heat treatment have been established with the help of half-cell studies. The morphological analysis revealed that Cu nanoparticles surrounded by thick nitrogen doped carbon layers and further, the acid leaching and subsequent pyrolysis, boosted the electrocatalytic performance. The optimized [email protected] catalyst showed onset potential (potential corresponding to a current density of 0.10 mA cm −2 ) and half-wave potential of 0.97 V vs. RHE and 0.85 V vs. RHE, surpassing the state-of-the-art Pt/C catalyst. In addition, the [email protected] catalyst exhibited outstanding durability, tolerance to carbon monoxide and methanol molecules. In the alkaline fuel cell, [email protected] catalyst delivered 118 mW cm −2 peak power density in alkaline fuel cell operated with H 2 -O 2 , whereas Pt/C only delivered a peak power density of 97 mW cm −2 under ambient operating conditions. High ORR activity and better stability of [email protected] catalyst could be a potential alternative to Pt/C catalyst in alkaline fuel cells and metal-air cell cathodes.

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Nanoscale 3D printing of glass photonic crystals with near-unity reflectance in the visible spectrum

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Science advances 2025年第21期11卷 eadv0267页

作者： Wang Zhang Hongtao Wang Hao Wang Son Tung Ha Lei Chen Xue Liang Li Cheng-Feng Pan Bochang Wu Md Abdur Rahman Yujie Ke Qifeng Ruan Xiaolong Yang Thomas Christensen Joel K W Yang Engineering Product Development Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore 487372 Singapore. Singapore-HUJ Alliance for Research and Enterprise (SHARE) The Smart Grippers for Soft Robotics (SGSR) Programme Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE) Singapore 138602 Singapore. School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering Beihang University Beijing 100191 China. Hangzhou International Innovation Institute Beihang University Hangzhou 311115 China. Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE) Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR) 2 Fusionopolis Way Innovis #08-03 Singapore 138634 Singapore. College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering Hunan University Changsha 410082 China. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore (NUS) 4 Engineering Drive 3 Singapore 117576 Singapore. School of Interdisciplinary Studies Lingnan University Tuen Mun Hong Kong SAR China. Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Shenzhen 518055 China. College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing 210016 China. Department of Electrical and Photonics Engineering Technical University of Denmark Kongens Lyngby 2800 Denmark. POLIMA-Center for Polariton-driven Light-Matter Interactions University of Southern Denmark Campusvej 55 DK-5230 Odense M Denmark.

Glass is widely used as an optical material due to its high transparency, thermal stability, and mechanical properties. The ability to fabricate and sculpt glass at the nanoscale would naturally expand its application domain in nanophotonics. Here, we report an approach to print glass in three dimensions with nanoscale resolutions. We developed Glass-Nano, an organic-inorganic hybrid resin containing silicon elements. Using this high-resolution resin, three-dimensional (3D) photonic crystals (PhCs) were printed with two-photon lithography. After printing, the structures were heated to high temperatures in air to remove organic components and convert the remaining material into silica glass. 3D glass PhCs with periodicities as small as 260 nanometers were obtained after sintering at 650°C. The 3D glass PhCs exhibit ~100% reflectance in the visible range, surpassing the typical reflectances observed from similar structures in low-refractive index materials. The quality of PhCs achieved is observed in both electron microscopy and the excellent agreement with band structure calculations of idealized structures.

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Dynamic Load Comparison between Fully Coupled and Simplified Models on Offshore Wind Turbines with Jacket Support Structures under Seismic Conditions 28

Dynamic Load Comparison between Fully Coupled and Simplified...

引用

28th International Ocean and Polar engineering Conference, 2018

作者： Lai, Wen-Jeng Su, Wei-Nian Huang, Chin-Cheng Huang, Yi-Mei Mechanical and System Engineering Program Institute of Nuclear Energy Research Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering National Central University Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781880653876

The dynamic load calculation of offshore wind turbine is an important technology in the future development of wind turbine industry in Taiwan. This paper presents a simplified equivalent-monopile model of reducing the dynamic load simulation time for offshore wind turbines with jacket support structures under seismic conditions. The FAST v7 code that only simulates monopile substructure is chosen as the analysis tool and is further recompiled to include the effect of seismic-pile-soil interaction in the simplified model. The numerical analysis results are then validated by comparing with the results from the fully coupled model, calculated by Bladed software, in a NREL 5MW offshore wind turbine. Two seismic load scenarios, operational and idling conditions, are studied in this work. The results show that usage of simplified model may offer advantages in preliminary support structure design. The advantages are apparent in seismic simulation since the simplified equivalent-monopile modeling allows current FAST v.7 code constraints relaxed for simulating jacket structures and leads to quicker and more convenient dynamic load calculation. The influence of earthquake and soil flexibility is especially important in design considerations since Taiwan is located in a seismically active region. Thus, the developed simplified numerical model will be helpful to shorten the simulation time of a series of seismic design load cases in the preliminary design phase. Copyright © 2018 by the International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers (ISOPE)

关键词： Dynamic loads

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Expansion-mediated breakup of bubbles and droplets in microfluidics

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Physical Review Fluids 2020年第1期5卷 013602-013602页

作者： Alinaghi Salari Jiang Xu Michael C. Kolios Scott S. H. Tsai Institute for Biomedical Engineering Science and Technology (iBEST) Toronto Ontario M5B 1T8 Canada Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program Ryerson University Toronto Ontario M5B 2K3 Canada Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Ryerson University Toronto Ontario M5B 2K3 Canada Department of Physics Ryerson University Toronto Ontario M5B 2K3 Canada

This paper reports a breakup regime of bubbles and droplets that is caused by a sudden channel expansion in a microfluidic device. In this regime, bubbles or droplets generated at a flow-focusing geometry periodically breakup into smaller bubbles or droplets, respectively, upon entering an expansion. In addition to Capillary number Ca, which is previously shown to govern the dispersion breakup in such geometries, we find that, at a high-inertia regime, the Weber number We also plays a significant role in specifying the transition from non-breakup to breakup regimes. Furthermore, we identify different periodic breakup modes, for example, symmetric and asymmetric breakup, which are dictated by the Ohnesorge number. A power law of f0.5∝We0.1Ca0.2, where f denotes the frequency at which the dispersions arrive at the expansion region, governs when the droplets and bubbles breakup. This power law highlights the importance of inertia to the dispersion breakup in an expansion-mediated geometry. Our results demonstrate that, without modifying the geometry and by only tuning several dimensionless parameters related to the fluid flow, a microchannel expansion region can produce mono-, bi-, or tri-disperse bubble or droplet populations. These discoveries may find utility in the design of multi-disperse bubble or droplet populations using microfluidics.

关键词： Drop & bubble phenomena Drop breakup Microfluidics Microstructure Multiphase flows Gas-liquid interfaces Liquid-liquid interfaces Microbubbles Multiscale modeling Optical microscopy

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Author Correction: Super-resolution multicolor fluorescence microscopy enabled by an apochromatic super-oscillatory lens with extended depth-of-focus

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Nature communications 2024年第1期15卷 1510页

作者： Wenli Li Pei He Dangyuan Lei Yulong Fan Yangtao Du Bo Gao Zhiqin Chu Longqiu Li Kaipeng Liu Chengxu An Weizheng Yuan Yiting Yu Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University College of Mechanical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 China. Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano Systems for Aerospace (Ministry of Education) Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 China. Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Electro-Mechanical Systems Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 China. Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 999077 China. dangylei@cityu.edu.hk. Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 999077 China. The Institute of AI and Robotics Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China. Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging Technology of Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi'an 710119 China. Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Joint Appointment with School of Biomedical Sciences The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 999077 China. State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin Heilongjiang 150001 China. Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University College of Mechanical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 China. yyt@***. Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano Systems for Aerospace (Ministry of Education) Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 China. yyt@***. Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Electro-Mechanical Systems Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 China. yyt@***.

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