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Role of IoT in characterization and material properties of synthesis of chromel composite

Interactions 2024年第1期245卷 1-9页

作者： Siva, T. Bruno, A. Dyson Hepsiba, D. Vijay Anand, L.D. Ram, S. Priya, L. Department of Mechanical Engineering Meenakshi Ramaswamy Engineering College Tamilnadu Thathanur Ariyalur India Department of Mechanical Engineering PSNA College of Engineering and Technology Dindigul India Division of Biomedical Engineering Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences Coimbatore India Division of Robotics Engineering Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences Coimbatore India Department of Mechanical Engineering Gokaraju Rangaraju Institute of Engineering andTechnology Hyderabad India Department of Information Technology Bannari Amman Institute of Technology Erode Sathyamangalam638 401 India

The chromel metal matrix composite (MMC) was fabricated through stir casting process reinforced with Tantalum Carbides (TaC). It was used to further increase the substance properties. The morphology characteristics and chemical compositions have been studied through Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Analysis of X- Ray (EDAX) respectively. The substance properties such as hardness, density, impact and tensile strength were measured. The quality of the casting components are achieved through monitoring of internet of things (IoT). IoT enabled stir casting system is used to fabricate the chromel composite. The casting process is fully automated by IoT. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： Tensile strength

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Energy-exergy and exergoeconomic analysis of a hydrogen-enriched spark-ignition engine fueled with premium gasoline-ethanol blends

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International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2025年 137卷 689-709页

作者： Kumbhar, Sujit Khot, Sanjay Bhapkar, Udaysinh Patil, Vishal Singh, Paramvir Husainy, Avesahemad Department of Technology Shivaji University Kolhapur India Automation and Robotics Department Sharad Institute of Technology College of Engineering Yadrav Ichalkaranji India Mechanical Engineering Department Sharad Institute of Technology College of Engineering Yadrav Ichalkaranji India Kolhapur India Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of Technology Agartala India

Hydrogen is a promising alternative fuel for internal combustion engines due to its renewable nature, low emissions, and superior combustion performance. In the current research, the effects of hydrogen enrichment were studied on the thermodynamic analysis of spark ignition engines using premium gasoline-ethanol blends. The blends were prepared with a partial addition of ethanol (10 % and 20 % by volume) in premium gasoline and hydrogen was injected during combustion for 2, 3, 4, and 5 μs. The testing was done on the varying engine speeds at 1500, 2000, 2500, 3000, and 3500 rpm. Energy and exergy analyses, entropy generation, and sustainability index were assessed for different fuel blends and contrasted with premium gasoline. The brake thermal efficiency and exergy efficiency were found maximum at 2500 rpm engine speed for all tested fuel blends. The BTE of E10H5 fuel blend is 18 % higher than premium gasoline and the exhaust gas energy of the E10H5 fuel blend is 12 % higher than premium gasoline at 2500 rpm. Among all tested fuel blends, the E10H5 fuel blend showed prominent results. The present experimental investigation focuses on energy-exergy analyses of premium gasoline-ethanol blends with enriched hydrogen at different injection times to assess the potential fuel blends. These blends will help to reduce dependency on conventional fossil fuels by enriching hydrogen without modification of the engine. © 2025 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC

关键词： Hydrogen engines

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Experimental and Finite Element Analysis of Corroded High-Pressure Pipeline Repaired by Laminated Composite

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Computer Modeling in engineering & Sciences 2024年第8期140卷 1783-1806页

作者： Seyed Mohammad Reza Abtahi Saeid Ansari Sadrabadi Gholam Hosein Rahimi Gaurav Singh Hamid Abyar Daniele Amato Luigi Federico Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Tarbiat Modares UniversityTehran***Iran A.Leon Linton Department of Mechanical Robotics and Industrial EngineeringLawrence Technological UniversitySouthfieldMI48075USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringMeybod UniversityYazd***Iran Department of Industrial Engineering University of SalernoVia Giovanni PaoloⅡFiscianoItaly Italian Aerospace Research Center(C.I.R.A.) Via MaioriseCapuaCE81043Italy

Repairs of corroded high-pressure pipelines are essential for fluids transportation under high *** of the methods used in their repairs is the use of layered *** composite used must have the necessary ***,the experiments and analytical solutions presented in this paper are performed according to the relevant standards and codes,including ASME PCC-2,ASME B31.8S,ASME B31.4,ISO 24817 and ASME *** addition,the experimental tests are replicated numerically using the finite element *** the strain gauges at different distances from the defect location,can reduce the nonlinear effects,deformation,and fluctuations due to the high *** direct relationship between the depth of an axial defect and the stress concentration is observed at the inner side edges of the *** reparation reduces the non-linearities related to the sharp variation of the geometry and a more reliable numerical simulation could be performed.

关键词： High-pressure pipeline composite repair ASME PCC-2 ISO 24817

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Quantitative Analysis of Frictional Forces and their Impact on Drilling Efficiency in Aluminum Alloy Machining

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Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series C 2024年第6期105卷 1591-1601页

作者： Patil, Adarsh Hebasur, Varun Iranna Mahale, Rayappa Tambrallimath, Vijay Divya, G.S. Nagraj, Banakara Kattimani, Prasanna C. School of Mechanical Engineering KLE Technological University Hubli580031 India Department of Automation and Robotics JSPMs Rajashri Shahu College of Engineering Pune India Department of Automobile Engineering Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering Bangalore560111 India Department of Mechanical Engineering Ballari Institute of Technology and Management Ballari India Department of Mechanical Engineering Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Technology Pimpri Pune411018 India

This study examines the intricate dynamics of friction and emphasizes how crucial it is to global energy use. Inspired by a 1493 discovery of Leonardo da Vinci, the study establishes the independence of friction force from contact area and highlights the significance of the friction coefficient as a load-related metric. The mechanical and chemical characteristics of aluminum alloys are discussed in this article along with an assessment of how well high-speed steel (HSS) drill bits work in drilling operations. Samples of aluminum are thoroughly analyzed for characteristics like yield stress, ultimate tensile strength, and elongation. The results show that aluminum makes up the majority of the sample, with trace elements like silicon and magnesium. At the same time, characteristics including Young’s modulus, thermal conductivity, and specific heat capacity are investigated for HSS drill bits, which are renowned for their durability and thermal resistance. To quantify thrust force and torque, experimental methods use a drill dynamometer built into a vertical drilling machine. Drill bits with different diameters (6 mm, 8 mm, and 12 mm) are evaluated at controlled feed rates and speeds. Accurate cutting force recording is ensured by real-time sensor data. The application of Finite Element Analysis (FEA) provides insights into how to optimize drilling processes for increased productivity and tool longevity by examining the stress distribution and deformation in drill bits under various operating situations. © The Institution of Engineers (India) 2024.

关键词： Trace elements

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Evaluation of complaint damper for assessing its effectiveness and efficiency through the utilization of topology optimization

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Interactions 2024年第1期245卷 1-17页

作者： Emmanual, L. Narayanan, V. R. Shankara Mukesh, G. Sibi, M. Vijayan, V. Department of Robotics and Automation Easwari Engineering College Tamil Nadu Chennai600089 India Department of Mechanical Engineering M.Kumarasamy College of Engineering Thalavapalayam Tamil Nadu Karur639113 India Department of Mechanical Engineering K.Ramakrishnan College of Technology Tamil Nadu Samayapuram Trichy621 112 India

The term 'chatter' is related to the undesirable vibration produced in any equipment under dynamic operating conditions. It has a wide range of negative consequences for both the machine and the components it produces. Vibrations in the process of machining must be minimized as much as feasible. Dampers serve an important function in mitigating the impacts of chatter during machining. Dampers have traditionally been used to support machines and reduce clatter. Dampers are currently made up of numerous pieces that are mechanically joined together to perform the needed task of reducing chatter. To reduce the number of components and mechanical assembly, we use a complaint mechanism that transmits and absorb force, motion, and so on in a single monolithic structure. This paper presents a unique method to construct dampers utilizing a complaint system. A design was created implementing building pieces in a structure that has been topology optimized. The complaint damper was created using Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM). The complaint damper was employed in place of the rubber damper to evaluate performance. The experiments were carried out on a 3D printer (Fractal Twin Dragon) under various operating circumstances. During the experiment, a 1.75 mm diameter PLA spool was used as the feed. The machine attributes were taken into account. The complaint damper was located at the bottom of the machine's leg. The vibrometer VB-820HA contact type was also mounted to the machine leg and measured response that include velocity, acceleration, displacement, and frequency. The acceleration & frequency profile clearly suggest a larger magnitude when the complaint damper is used. When compared to conventional solid damping, The initial runs are at lower federate of 0.6 mm/min shows nearly identical velocity readings between the two dampers. Rubber damping resulted in a maximum displacement of 0.55 mm. The displacement created by the suggested damper is insignificant. even at higher fr

关键词： Fused Deposition Modeling

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Mapping extreme vertical forces induced by air-wake on a simplified ship model

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Marine Systems and Ocean Technology 2025年第3期20卷 1-9页

作者： Setiawan, Heri Bhirawa, Tunggul Ocean Engineering Program Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung Indonesia Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Melbourne ParkvilleVIC Australia

Helicopters, the primary vehicles for aerial support in naval operations, are the subject of our study. As the helicopter navigates above the ship’s landing deck, the unsteady flows formed in this region will translate into fluctuating aerodynamic forces on the helicopter. Understanding these forces and their extreme nature is crucial for ensuring the safety and stability of helicopters during naval operations. However, it is observed that many studies overlook the extremes in wind fluctuations as a critical contributor to ship-helicopter operation safety. They mainly focused on the time-averaged parameters, such as mean velocity and turbulence intensity, to characterise the highly fluctuating air-wake flow. This study introduces a method to identify extreme air-wake-induced aerodynamic vertical forces, one possible extreme event that the aircraft may face as it approaches the landing deck. The vertical forces are quantified by calculating the vertical drag acting on the helicopter fuselage using the strip approach proposed by Stepniewski and Keys (Rotary-wing aerodynamics. Courier Corporation, New York, 1984). Example calculations are conducted using experimental air-wake data recorded without the influence of the rotor thrust (Setiawan et al in Ocean Eng 260:111931, 2022). On average, it is shown that the helicopter will face strong downward forces as it hovers above the ship’s landing deck. However, more importantly, there are several instances where the vertical drag acting on the fuselage reaches five times higher than the average value. This highlights the potential risks and the urgent need for quantifying extreme events related to ship -helicopter landing operations. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Sociedade Brasileira de Engenharia Naval 2025.

关键词： Ship models

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Revolutionizing Biodegradable and Sustainable Materials:Exploring the Synergy of Polylactic Acid Blends with Sea Shells

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第12期12卷 2115-2134页

作者： Prashanth K P Rudresh M Venkatesh N Poornima Gubbi Shivarathri Shwetha Rajappa Department of Mechanical Engineering Acharya Institute of TechnologyBangalore560107India Department of Robotics and Artificial Intelligence Dayananda Sagar College of EngineeringBangalore560111India Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Visvesvaraya College of EngineeringBangalore560001India Department of Chemistry New Horizon College of EngineeringBangalore560103India Department of Sciences and Humanities Christ(Deemed to be University)Bangalore560074India

This study explores the mechanical properties of a novel composite material,blending polylactic acid(PLA)with sea shells,through a comprehensive tensile test *** tensile test results offer valuable insights into the material’s behavior under axial loading,shedding light on its strength,stiffness,and deformation *** results suggest that the incorporation of sea shells decrease the tensile strength of 14.55%and increase the modulus of 27.44%for 15 wt%SSP(sea shell powder)into PLA,emphasizing the reinforcing potential of the mineral-rich sea shell ***,a potential trade-off between decreased strength and reduced ductility is noted,highlighting the need for a delicate balance in material *** study underscores the importance of uniform sea shell particle distribution within the PLA matrix for consistent mechanical *** results offer a basis for additional PLA-sea shell blend optimization,directing future efforts to balance strength,flexibility,and other critical attributes for a range of applications,including biomedical devices and sustainable *** investigation opens the door to more sustainable and mechanically strong materials in the field of additive manufacturing by demonstrating the positive synergy between nature-inspired materials and cutting-edge testing techniques.

关键词： PLA sea shell additive manufacturing tensile flexural biodegradability

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Biomechanics-Informed Mechatronics Design of Comfort-Centered Portable Hip Exoskeleton: Actuator, Wearable Interface, Controller

IEEE Transactions on Medical Robotics and Bionics

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IEEE Transactions on Medical robotics and Bionics 2025年第2期7卷 687-698页

作者： Rodriguez-Jorge, Daniel Zhang, Sainan Huang, Jin Sen Lopez-Sanchez, Ivan Srinivasan, Nitin Zhang, Qiang Zhou, Xianlian Su, Hao North Carolina State University Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering RaleighNC27695 United States Tandon School of Engineering New York University Laboratory of Biomechatronics and Intelligent Robotics Department of Biomedical Engineering New YorkNY11201 United States The University of Alabama Department of Mechanical Engineering Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering TuscaloosaAL35401 United States New Jersey Institute of Technology Department of Biomedical Engineering NewarkNJ07102 United States

Exoskeletons can improve human mobility, but discomfort remains a significant barrier to their widespread adoption. This paper presents a comfort-centered mechatronics design of portable hip exoskeletons, comprising of three factors: (i) actuation, (ii) wearable interface, (iii) and assistive controller. We introduced an analytical multibody model to predict the human-exoskeleton contact forces during gait. Informed by this model, we designed a wearable interface that significantly improved the three considered objective metrics: (i) undesired contact forces at the wearable interface, (ii) wobbling, and (iii) metabolic reduction, and also the post-test evaluation via a System Usability Scale questionnaire as a subjective metric. Our experiments with two exoskeleton controllers (gait-based and reinforcement learning-based) demonstrated that the design of the wearable physical interface has a greater impact on reducing metabolic rate and minimizing wobbling than the choice of controller. Our actuation design method leads to highly backdrivable, lightweight quasi-direct drive actuators with high torque tracking performance. By leveraging this wearable design, we achieved up to 60% reduction in undesired contact forces, and a 74% reduction in exoskeleton wobbling in the frontal axis compared to a traditional configuration. Additionally, the net metabolic cost reduction was 18% compared to the no exoskeleton condition. © 2018 IEEE.

关键词： Exoskeleton (robotics)

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Inpatient Monitoring System: Temperature, Oxygen Saturation, Blood Pressure, Heart Rate, and Infusion Automation Based on ESP 32, IoT, and Mobile Application 7

Inpatient Monitoring System: Temperature, Oxygen Saturation,...

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7th International Conference of Computer and Informatics engineering, IC2IE 2024

作者： Joseph, Irvanda Anthony, Patrick Astuti, Winda Lie, Zener Sukra Iwan Solihin, Mahmud Bina Nusantara University Binus Aso School of Engineering Automotive and Robotics Program Computer Engineering Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia Ucsi University Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9798331505530

The implementation of a patient monitoring system and infusion automation which aims to ensure regular and periodic monitoring of inpatient conditions are applied in this system. This embedded system is applied in hospitals and addresses the uneven distribution of healthcare workers in Indonesia, particularly in remote areas. Currently, manual checks by nurses can lead to errors and reduced patient comfort. The improvement supervision is developed in this work. The system monitored body temperature, oxygen saturation, blood pressure, heart rate, and automated infusions. All the embedded systems are connected to Internet of Things (IoT) and a real-time database accessible through an application and web. This system allows doctors and hospital authorities to make decisions based on patient condition history. The testing phase of the system shows four data acquisition devices (temperature, oxygen saturation, blood pressure, and heart rate), an ESP 32, and Firebase as a database, have ability to capture and send real-time data every five seconds and can be accessed by doctors, patients, and hospital authorities. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Remote patient monitoring

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On the Use of Tension Transition Zones for Kinematic and Compliance Performance Analysis of Wire-Actuated Continuum Robots

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Journal of Mechanisms and robotics 2025年第6期17卷 061013页

作者： Shihora, Neel Lawson, Jared Moubarak, Paul Reese, Maximilian Wang, Long Simaan, Nabil Department of Mechanical Engineering Vanderbilt University NashvilleTN37235 United States Robotics and Digital Solutions Johnson & Johnson CincinnatiOH45242 United States Robotics and Digital Solutions Johnson & Johnson Santa ClaraCA95054 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Stevens Institute of Technology HobokenNJ07030 United States

Wire-actuated/tendon-actuated mechanisms suffer from discontinuity in their performance measures stemming from the limitation of unilateral actuation due to tendon actuation (pull-only actuation). Using traditional Jacobian-based performance measures ignores these limitations and can underestimate the expected position/orientation (pose) uncertainty for a given design. In this paper, we put forth the notion of wire-tension transition zones, and we illustrate how these tension transition zones can be used to modify the definition of the traditional Jacobian when calculating the expected robot performance in terms of dexterity, end-effector pose uncertainty and compliance. We use wire-actuated continuum robots as an illustrative robot architecture. We compare the expected performance of three-wire versus four-wire designs while considering somewhat realistic design parameters drawn from surgical robotics as an application domain. The results of our simulation studies emphasize the importance of carefully using the reduced Jacobin with tension transition zones to capture the performance measure discontinuities due to wires/tendons going slack. Furthermore, the results show that the traditional approach underestimates the uncertainty in the position of the end-effector by as much as 50% (effects of joint-level uncertainty) and 206% (compliance performance analysis) in the case of a three-wire design alternative. We believe that this contribution supports medical robotic system designers in architecture selection and comparative design performance analysis while avoiding unpleasant surprises that would otherwise be encountered if traditional performance measures were used. Copyright © 2025 by ASME;reuse license CC-BY 4.0.

关键词： End effectors

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