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16th IEEE Latin American Symposium on Circuits and Systems, LASCAS 2025

作者： Johnson, Emmanuel K. M. Lima, Luis Victor N. Campagnucci, Pamela. R. A. N. Haddad, Sandro A. P. Amaral, Wellington A. Munoz, Daniel M. University of Brasilia Mechatronics Graduate Program Department of Mechanical Engineering DF Brasilia Brazil University of Brasilia Faculty of Gama Electronics Engineering Undergraduate Program DF Brasilia Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9798331522124

This paper presents a comparison between two LDOs (Low Dropout Regulators) developed for a PMIC (Power Management Integrated Circuit) responsible for powering a 32-bit microcontroller based on the RISC-V microarchitecture, designed in 22 nm technology. The microcontroller will be integrated with a radio frequency interface for IoT (Internet of Things) applications. Two LDOs were designed: one with external compensation and the other a capacitor-less LDO. Both operate with an input voltage of 2.5V, an output voltage of 0.8V, and a maximum current of 150mA. The externally compensated LDO exhibited greater stability in response to load variations and a higher PSRR (Power Supply Rejection Ratio), while the capacitor-less LDO demonstrated faster regulation speed and occupied a chip area similar to the externally compensated LDO. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Low power electronics

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Model Predictive Torque Control of Six-Phase Switched Reluctance Motors Based on Improved Voltage Vector Strategy

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IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification 2025年第3期11卷 7650-7661页

作者： Yang, Yifei Sun, Xiaodong Dianov, Anton Demidova, Galina Prakht, Vladimir Wang, Yong Han, Shouyi Suzhou Vocational University School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Suzhou215104 China Jiangsu University Automotive Engineering Research Institute Zhenjiang212013 China Wenzhou University Pingyang Institute of Intelligent Manufacturing Wenzhou325035 China ITMO University Faculty of Control Systems and Robotics Petersburg197101 Russia Ural Federal University Department of Electrical Engineering Ekaterinburg620062 Russia Jiangsu University School of Electrical and Information Engineering Zhenjiang212013 China

To rapidly and accurately establish the model of switched reluctance motors (SRMs) and enhance torque control performance, this paper proposes a model predictive torque control (MPTC) strategy based on the optimized voltage vector. First, a fourth-order Fourier series is used to calculate the flux and torque models, and a complete nonlinear model of the SRM is constructed using the Kriging model. Second, the torque characteristics are used to divide the sectors, thereby reducing the number of candidate voltage vectors (CVVs) and effectively decreasing the computational burden of predictive control. Finally, an adaptive adjustment algorithm for the sector boundary angle is proposed, where the position of the sectors is determined based on variations in speed and load. The proposed method reduces torque ripple and enhances dynamic response capability. The effectiveness of this approach is validated through experiments on a 12/10 pole six-phase SRM prototype. © 2015 IEEE.

关键词： Vectors

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WE43 Surface Composite with Oxide Particles by Friction Stir Processing

WE43 Surface Composite with Oxide Particles by Friction Stir...

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Magnesium Technology Symposium, 2025, held as part of the TMS Annual Meeting and Exhibition, TMS 2025

作者： Ghauri, Hamza Faisal Shunmugasamy, Vasanth C. Mansoor, Bilal Department of Materials Science and Engineering Texas A&M University College StationTX77840 United States Mechanical Engineering Program Texas A&M University at Qatar Doha Qatar Department of Mechanical Engineering Texas A&M University College StationTX77840 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783031810602

WE43WE43 has superior mechanical and corrosionCorrosion performance compared to other magnesium alloysMagnesium alloy but surface treatments, mechanical processes, and heat treatments to further enhance its properties continue to be explored. Here we present our preliminary findings about a WE43WE43surface compositeSurface composite with oxide particles produced using friction stir processingFriction stir processing. Significant grain refinement, precipitate redistribution, and increase in microhardness by 25% were achieved in processed regions compared to base material. CorrosionCorrosion testing in 0.9% NaCl solution revealed that the FSP-treated material exhibited a 196% lower Icorr and a more stable open circuit potential (OCP) than cast WE43WE43, suggesting superior corrosion resistanceCorrosion resistance. While the findings promise suitability of the processed alloy for a more intensive range of operating conditions than the cast alloy, further work to study the effect of the size, volume, and composition of the oxide reinforcements needs to be carried out. © The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society 2025.

关键词： Grain refinement

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Design and development of an integrated enset processing machine suitable for central highland farmers of west shewa zone Ethiopia

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Discover Agriculture 2025年第1期3卷 1-26页

作者： Jima, Beka Adugna Kolhe, Kishor Purushottam Jiru, Moera Gutu Agricultural Machinery Engineering Program Department of Mechanical Engineering School of Mechanical Chemical and Materials Engineering at Adama Science and Technology University Adama Ethiopia Department of Mechanical Engineering School of Mechanical Chemical and Materials Engineering at Adama Science and Technology University Adama Ethiopia

The development of Integrated Enset processing technology is significant for the easy availability of stable food in the current condition for fulfilling the pangs of hunger in Ethiopia, currently; individual manual technologies such as decortication, corm granting, bulla extraction, and fermenting techniques eventually contribute to utilizing food security such as Kocho, which is not affordable for the marginal farmers of Ethiopia. However, there is a lack of integrated compromise of the all-function process of corm granting, decortication, and pulverization in one machine wholesome of the product such as Kocho, and bulla within consuming time and labor. Therefore, it is decided to design and develop an integrated enset processing machine for central high land of Ethiopian farmers with high-quality production. The physical and mechanical properties of the enset is studied to get an efficient and robust design of the various components. The overall design and development of proposed machine components were carried out at Adama Science and Technology University, Ethiopia by using ANSYS 2023 R1 software by considering the engineering economics and material specifications as per ASTM standards. The process parameters of the proposed machine are identified as feed rate, drum speed, concave to drum clearance, power requirement, etc. Also, the enset characteristics were considered as decorticating and granting, fiber cutting resistance, fiber length, dimension, shape, and weight. The overall developed enset integrated machine assembles are analyzed for granting and decorticating with drum clearance and bulla extraction throughput capacity, reliability, simplicity, safety, and overall cost. The machine's safety from a Design Perspective is checked and validated by a simulation study on the critical parts subjected to higher stresses. The cost of available individual decorticators, granting, pulverized, and bulla squeezer machines is costly to the farmer’s community. Theref

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Combustion Profile of Bio-pellet Produced from Sawdust Using Wet Torrefaction Method with Various Concentrations of Acetic Acid 4

Combustion Profile of Bio-pellet Produced from Sawdust Using...

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4th International Symposium on Advances and Innovation in mechanical engineering, ISAIME 2023

作者： Pertiwi, Indah Ayu Muhammad Abubakar Setiawan, Adi Iskandar, Rizky Magister Program in Renewable Energy Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Malikusssaleh Jalan Batam Bukit Indah Lhokseumawe24352 Indonesia Chemical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Universitas Malikussaleh Kampus Bukit Indah Muara Satu Lhokseumawe24352 Indonesia Mechanical Engineering Vocational Education Study Program Faculty of Teaching and Educational Science Universitas Malikussaleh Cot Teungku Nie Reuleut Muara Batu Aceh Utara24355 Indonesia Mechanical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Universitas Malikusssaleh Jalan Batam Bukit Indah Lhokseumawe24352 Indonesia

Sawdust is one of the industrial wastes which naturally contains low energy density. An effective method is needed to utilize this biomass as a solid fuel product. This work aimed to investigate the physical and combustion properties of bio-pellets produced from sawdust under the wet torrefaction method. To prepare sawdust bio-pellet a number of steps were carried out including the wet torrefaction process, dough preparation, pelletizing, and drying. Wet torrefaction was performed by hydrothermally treating the sample in an autoclave at a temperature of 130°C and pressure of 2 atm (g) for 80 minutes. For the hydrothermal process, the used acetic acid solution was varied with variations of 1.3 M, 1.8 M, and 2.3 M. Properties of the product were analyzed under proximate and bomb calorimetry analyses. To evaluate the combustion properties a purposely built test apparatus was developed equipped with a data logger system. Based on the results it can be observed that increases in torrefaction temperature and acetic acid concentration resulted in an increase in the calorific value as well as decreases in the ash content. The highest calorific value was 4745 kcal/kg obtained from sawdust torrefied in acetic acid with a concentration of 2.3 M at a temperature of 130?. This sample also exhibits the lowest ash content which is only 1.97%. The combustion test disclosed a maximum combustion temperature of 589? with a burning rate of 0.711 g/min. Overall, the wet torrefaction applied in this investigation was beneficially enhanced the properties of bio-pellet products. © 2025 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Sawdust

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Review of Nano-Composite PCM AlN/EG and Heat Pipe as a Hybrid Battery Thermal Management System 4

Review of Nano-Composite PCM AlN/EG and Heat Pipe as a Hybri...

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4th International Symposium on Advances and Innovation in mechanical engineering, ISAIME 2023

作者： Kadek Ervan Hadi Wiryanta, I. Nindhia, Tjokorda Gde Tirta Septiadi, Wayan Nata Made Joni, I. Study Program of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Udayana University Bali Bukit Jimbaran80361 Indonesia Mechanical Engineering Department Politeknik Negeri Bali Bali Badung Indonesia Department of Physics Padjadjaran University Jl. Raya Bandung Sumedang KM 21 Jatinangor Jawa Barat45363 Indonesia

The battery thermal management system (BTMS) is essential for maintaining the battery's temperature and hence its performance. BTMS is classified into three types: active cooling, passive cooling, and hybrid approaches. Because of its simple design, lack of additional power, and even temperature distribution, PCM is extensively used as a BTMS as a passive cooling technique. PCM also has drawbacks like leak sensitivity and limited heat conductivity. This stimulates PCM performance enhancement attempts. Adding reinforcing material to PCM is a standard way to increase its performance. Aluminum nitride (AlN) and expanded graphite (EG) are commonly employed as fillers. The addition of EG and nano-AlN materials can improve the performance of PCM composites compared to pure PCM. Chemical interactions between these materials do not take place either. It is undeniably advantageous that these two materials may be combined into pure paraffin-based PCM for energy storage applications. The combined or hybrid system of BTMS is the optimum alternative for increasing heat transmission from the battery modules into the surrounding environment. The battery temperature will at good maintained well with the combination of 2 (two) and 3 (three) passive cooling methods or even combined with active cooling methods such as air-forced convection. In BTMS, the heat pipe is widely employed as a heat transfer improvement. © 2025 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Heat pipes

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Load-Side Dynamics Introduces Complex Effects on Orthotic Actuator Performance in Benchmarking

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Journal of Mechanisms and robotics 2025年第5期17卷 051012页

作者： Sun, Mingrui Oetomo, Denny Tan, Ying Kulić, Dana Baček, Tomislav Human Robotics Lab Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Melbourne Parkville VIC 3053 Australia Monash Robotics Faculty of Engineering Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia

Series elastic actuators are increasingly adopted in wearable robots, due to superior sensing and actuating capabilities provided by the added internal compliance. However, when evaluating their performance in benchtop setups, the dynamics of the physical human–robot interface (i.e., external compliance) are usually overlooked despite it causing energy dissipation and delays in power transmission. This work closes the gap by emulating in a test bench the physical human–robot interaction dynamics and validating actuator performance against commonly used performance indices, including torque bandwidth, torque tracking, and transparency. The results show a significant impact of the interaction dynamics on the actuator performance. When interface dynamics is present, decreasing the actuator (internal) compliance has little to no effect on its bandwidth. When delivering a walking torque, decreasing internal (actuator) and external (interface) compliance has the same decreasing effect on the motor’s peak electrical power in the hip joint. Conversely, the motor peak electrical power decreases with an increase in internal (actuator) compliance but increases with an increase in external (interface) compliance in the knee joint. As such, this work demonstrates the importance of including interaction dynamics as a norm in designing and evaluating actuation units in wearable robots.

关键词： Design bio-inspired Torque Stress Actuators Springs collaborative robots and human–robot interaction Control equipment Motors Engines Knee Stiffness

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Experimental investigation of reciprocating ferrofluid marble motion driven by repulsive and attractive magnetic forces: A scheme for mixing enhancement during transportation

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Journal of Molecular Liquids 2025年 426卷

作者： Sarkhosh, Mohammad Hossein Yousefi, Masoud Dabirzadeh, Mohammad Hassan Bijarchi, Mohamad Ali Nejat Pishkenari, Hossein Micro/Nano Robotics Laboratory Department of Mechanical Engineering Sharif University of Technology Tehran Iraq Department of Mechanical Engineering Sharif University of Technology Tehran Iraq

Liquid marbles have found extensive applications in digital microfluidics, particularly in fields such as chemistry, diagnostics, and biotechnology. In this study, we present the first investigation into the reciprocal motion of ferrofluid marbles (FMs) manipulated using both repulsive and attractive magnetic forces. These forces are modulated by varying the magnetic dipole induction within the FM. Key components in this manipulation include Helmholtz coils and a permanent magnet. In previous studies, mixing and transportation operations have been conducted in digital microfluidics sequentially and distinctly. By employing pulse-width modulation (PWM) signals to control the current in the Helmholtz coils, we achieve simultaneous mixing and transport of the FMs, which accelerates these operations for biological applications. Understanding the underlying physics is essential for the practical applications of this technique. Our findings reveal two distinct types of motion: net attraction while oscillating (NAWO) and net repulsion while oscillating (NRWO). We also examine the effects of parameters such as the PWM signal frequency, duty cycle, and Helmholtz coil current. Furthermore, we develop a regime map to distinguish between NAWO and NRWO motions. Finally, an analytical model is proposed and validated through experimental testing to describe the dynamic response of the FMs. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Permanent magnets

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Development of a low-cost microfluidic chip for hyaluronidase-free oocyte denudation in mammals

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Biotechnology Notes 2025年 6卷 133-142页

作者： Dessouky, Ashraf Hisham El-Hussieny, Haitham El-Sherry, Taymour Mohammed Parque, Victor Fath El-Bab, Ahmed M.R. Department of Mechatronics and Robotics Engineering Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST) Alexandria Alexandria 21934 Egypt Mechanical Engineering Department Helwan University Cairo Cairo 11792 Egypt Department of Theriogenology Veterinary Hospital Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Assiut University Assiut Assiut Egypt of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Hiroshima HigashiHiroshima 739-8527 Japan

Infertility in mammals is one of the most intricate medical issues requiring non-traditional interventions. In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) is one of the modern medical technologies currently used to treat infertility. However, current IVF procedures are inaccessible and unaffordable to the majority due to the high cost, the complexity of the procedure, and the reliance on highly qualified operators. For successful IVF, oocyte denudation, the process of removing cumulus cells from oocytes, is often performed. Here, microfluidics offers the potential to enhance denudation procedures and to minimize operator variability. In this paper, we propose the configuration of a microfluidic chip for oocyte denudation whose structure hybridizes inner jagged surfaces and expansion units. The jagged surface units have the role of removing the cumulus cells surrounding the oocyte by using the wall shear stress principle, and the (rounded) expansion units have the role of rotating the cumulus cells for further deployment in subsequent jagged surfaces. The proposed device can be manufactured at a low cost (<1 USD)) by the engraving of CO₂ laser machine on PMMA material, and is able to circumvent the use of enzymatic components such as hyaluronidase. Experiments using computational simulations and manufactured microfluidic chips evaluated distinct geometry configurations of the jagged surfaces and identified the suitable flow rates for maximal shear stress and denudation performance. Manufactured samples of the proposed microfluidic devices have shown the denudation performance of 96.7 % and yield rate of 90 % at a constant flow rate of 1 ml/min. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： CO2 laser In vitro fertilization Microfluidics Oocyte denudation

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A Comparison of Model-Free Controllers for Trajectory Tracking in a Plant-Inspired Soft Arm 13th

A Comparison of Model-Free Controllers for Trajectory Tracki...

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13th International Conference on Biomimetic and Biohybrid Systems, Living Machines 2024

作者： Nazeer, Muhammad Sunny Ansari, Yasmin Tauqeer Falotico, Egidio Laschi, Cecilia Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Design and Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore Bioinspired Soft Robotics Lab Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Genoa Italy The Biorobotics Institute Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna Pontedera Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9783031725968

The field of soft robotics is experiencing a transformative phase with the emergence of self-supporting modular soft robot arms, inspired by design principles drawn from climbing plants, which are gaining recognition as a rich source of bio-inspiration. The vision to deploy these systems in highly unstructured environments, qualifies the need to investigate model-free algorithms that facilitate motion capabilities based solely on data regarding system-environment interactions. This paper delves into the development of model-free controllers to enable tracking capabilities in these systems. While the trajectory tracking task is already recognized as challenging in the context of redundant continuum/soft arms, the difficulty is compounded when aiming to generate control policies solely from sequential feedback from the environment. The novelty of this work lies in the development of both learning-based and learning-free model-free computational frameworks to address this task. Both controllers are validated on a 9-DoF modular cable-driven plant-inspired soft arm for moving through multiple trajectories in 3D space. The comparison of these controllers holds significant insights to future directions for the practical applicability of these systems in real-world scenarios, and are promising to pave way for novel application scenarios. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Robotic arms

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