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Enhanced Conductivity of Multilayer Copper-Carbon Nanofilms via Plasma Immersion Deposition

Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第6期17卷 112-127页

作者： Haotian Weng Xiwu Zhang Xuan Liu Yunhui Tang Hewei Yuan Yang Xu Kun Li Xiaolu Huang Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Microfabrication of Ministry of Education Research Institute of Micro/Nano Science and TechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China Jinduo Yuchen Water Environment Engineering Co. LtdShanghai 200030People’s Republic of China Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Engineering Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai 201306People’s Republic of China Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124People’s Republic of China

Although room-temperature superconductivity is still difficult to achieve,researching materials with electrical conductivity significantly higher than that of copper will be of great importance in improving energy efficiency,reducing costs,lightening equipment weight,and enhancing overall ***,this study presents a novel copper-carbon nanofilm composite with enhanced conductivity which has great applications in the electronic devices and electrical *** copper-carbon nanofilms and interfaces with superior electronic structures are formed based on copper materials using plasma immersion nanocarbon layer deposition technology,effectively enhancing *** results show that for a five-layer copper-carbon nanofilm composite,the conductivity improves significantly when the thickness of the carbon nanofilm *** the carbon nanofilm accounts for 16%of the total thickness,the overall conductivity increases up to 30.20%compared to pure *** mechanism of the enhanced conductivity is analyzed including roles of copper atom adsorption sites and electron migration pathways by applying effective medium theory,first-principles calculations and density of states *** an applied electric field,the high-density electrons in the copper film can migrate into the nanocarbon film,forming highly efficient electron transport channels,which significantly enhance the material’s ***,large-area electrode coating equipment is developed based on this study,providing the novel and robust strategy to enhance the conductivity of copper materials,which enables industrial application of copper-carbon nanocomposite films in the field of high conductivity materials.

关键词： Copper-carbon nanofilms Plasma immersion Carbon layer deposition Electron mobility

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Stress-controlled fatigue of HfNbTaTiZr high-entropy alloy and associated deformation and fracture mechanisms

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Journal of materials science & Technology 2022年第19期114卷 191-205页

作者： Shuying Chen Weidong Li Ling Wang Tao Yuan Yang Tong Ko-Kai Tseng Jien-Wei Yeh Qingang Xiong Zhenggang Wu Fan Zhang Tingkun Liu Kun Li Peter KLiaw Institute for Advanced Studies in Precision Materials Yantai UniversityYantai 264005China Department of Materials Science and Engineering The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering Ohio UniversityAthensOH 45701USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering High Entropy Materials CenterNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchu30013TaiwanChina State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China School of Light Industry and Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China College of Materials Science and Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China WPI Advanced Institute for Materials Research Tohoku UniversitySendai 980-8577Japan State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

The stress-controlled fatigue tests are carried out at a stress ratio of 0.1 and a frequency of 10 Hz,and span both low-cycle and high-cycle regimes by varying the applied stress *** high-cycle fa-tigue regime gives a fatigue strength of 497 MPa and a fatigue ratio of *** equivalent conditions,the alloy’s fatigue strength is greater than all other high-entropy alloys(HEAs)with reported high-cycle fatigue data,dilute body-centered cubic alloys,and many structural alloys such as steels,titanium al-loys,and aluminum *** in-depth analyses of crack-propagation trajectories,fracture-surface morphologies and deformation plasticity by means of various microstructural analysis techniques and theoretical frameworks,the alloy’s remarkable fatigue resistance is attributed to delayed crack initiation in the high-cycle regime,which is achieved by retarding the formation of localized persistent slip bands,and its good resistance to crack propagation in the low-cycle regime,which is accomplished by intrin-sic toughening backed up by extrinsic ***,the stochastic nature of the fatigue data is neatly captured with a 2-parameter Weibull model.

关键词： Fatigue mechanisms Intrinsic toughening Extrinsic toughening Probabilistic modeling

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Effect of interstitial carbon and nitrogen on corrosion of FeCoCrNi multi-principal element alloys made by selective laser melting

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Journal of materials science & Technology 2023年第17期148卷 52-63页

作者： Wenyu Chen Rui Zhou Wanpeng Li Yen-Hsiang Chen Tzu-Hsiu Chou Xu Wang Yong Liu Yuntian Zhu J.C.Huang Department of Materials Science and Engineering Hong Kong Institute for Advanced StudyCity University of Hong KongKowloonHong KongChina Mechanical Behavior Division of Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science City University of Hong KongKowloonHong KongChina School of Mechanical Engineering Liaoning Shihua UniversityFushun 113001China State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science National Sun Yat-Sen UniversityKaohsiung 804TaiwanChina

The corrosion behaviors of selective laser melted(SLMed)FeCoCrNi multi-principal element alloys(MPEAs)with carbon or nitrogen addition in 0.5 M H_(2)SO_(4) solution were *** C and N ad-dition refined the grains and introduced a heterogeneous structure in SLMed FeCoCrNi MPEA,but they had opposite effects on the corrosion *** doped carbon participated as nano-sized carbides in SLMed MPEA,and localized galvanic corrosion occurred,degrading the corrosion *** doped nitrogen was gathered with chromium and formed CrN chemical clusters in SLMed MPEA,and a protec-tive passive film with a higher Cr_(2)O_(3)/Cr(OH)_(3) ratio formed,which improved corrosion resistance.

关键词： Selective laser melting Interstitial element Multi-principal element alloys Acid corrosion

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Multidisciplinary Control Co-Design Optimization of Anguilliform-Swimming Soft Fluidic Robots

Multidisciplinary Control Co-Design Optimization of Anguilli...

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IEEE International Conference on Soft Robotics (RoboSoft)

作者： Andrew Fletcher Ru Xiang Luca Scotzniovsky Jacobo Cervera-Torralba Michael T. Tolley John T. Hwang Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California San Diego (UCSD) La Jolla CA USA

ISBN: (数字)9798331520205

ISBN: (纸本)9798331520212

Anguilliform-swimming soft fluidic robots hold great promise for a range of underwater applications. However, because they leverage the complex dynamics of soft bodies interacting with fluids, it is challenging to use intuition to determine design parameters. Multidisciplinary design optimization offers a promising solution to this challenge by providing an automated and systematic method for leveraging computational models to find optimal design parameters. This study investigates a method for multidisciplinary control co-design optimization of anguilliform-swimming soft robots, using physics-based models to optimize shape and control parameters. The modeling framework includes a geometry-centric approach for geometry modeling and parameterization, a three-dimensional finite element model for structural mechanics, and an unsteady panel method for fluid dynamics. The approach is tested by applying it to the optimization of a pre-existing eel-inspired soft robot. Model parameters are estimated from existing experimental data, and two control co-design optimizations, with high-level and multilevel shape parameterizations, are performed to minimize energy cost. The optimized actuator module is manufactured, and used to collect additional data for re-estimating the structural model parameters. The optimization is performed again with the updated model parameters, showing a simulated energy cost reduction of 45% and the prescribed 128% speed increase compared to the baseline design with optimized control and updated model parameters. These results demonstrate the potential of the proposed optimization approach to advance the performance of anguilliform-swimming soft fluidic robots.

关键词： Geometry Solid modeling Costs Shape Computational modeling Fluid dynamics Soft robotics Data models Manufacturing Optimization

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Influence of Groove Orientation on Transmission Characteristics of Hydro-viscous Clutch Considering Oil Film Cavitation 9

Influence of Groove Orientation on Transmission Characterist...

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9th International Conference on Fluid Power and Mechatronics, FPM 2023

作者： Xie, Fangwei Xu, Chunjie Zheng, Xudong Ji, Jinjie Agarwal, Ramesh K. Liu, Xiumei School of Mechatronic Engineering China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou China School of Mechanical Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang China Washington University in St. Louis Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Missouri United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350304947

In order to investigate the influence of oil film cavitation on the transmission characteristics, a single oil film of the hydro-viscous clutch was taken as the research object. Considering the groove orientation, the mathematical model and phase transient model of the oil film were established. Based on the Reynolds equation of viscous flow, the oil film flow field is solved. Both numerical analysis and simulated results show that the oil film cavitation will occur first in the upstream position of the groove area at the outer radius of the oil film, and the cavitation bubbles will diffuse into the innerradius area of the groove and the non-groove area with the increase of the rotational speed, which is consistent with the cavitation morphology captured in the experiment. Considering that the cavitation in the groove with a negative inclination angle is more severe than that in the groove with a positive inclination angle, the influence of groove orientation on oil film transmission characteristics was analyzed experimentally. Results show that the cavitation bubbles in a negatively inclined groove are more likely to destroy the integrity of the oil film when the rotational speed is greater than 600 r/min, resulting in a decrease in the oil film bearing capacity and transmission torque. Therefore, the friction pair with positively inclined grooves will have better transmission performance. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Cavitation

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Enhancing efficiency and stability of organic solar cells through a simplified four-step synthesis of fully non-fused ring electron acceptor

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 601-608,I0015页

作者： Chenyang Han Huanhuan Gao Yanna Sun Yuanyuan Kan Zhaozhao Bi Wei Ma Yani Zhang Juan Antonio Zapien Yingguo Yang Ke Gao College of New Energy Xi’an Shiyou UniversityXi’an 710065ShaanxiChina Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Science of Material Creation and Energy Conversion Institute of Frontier ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShandong UniversityQingdao 266237ShandongChina State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049ShaanxiChina Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong 99907China School of Microelectronics Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

Design and synthesis of superior cost-effective non-fullerene acceptors(NFAs)are still big challenges for facilitating the commercialization of organic solar cells(OSCs),yet to be ***,two medium bandgap fully non-fused ring electron acceptors(NFREAs,medium bandgap,i,e.,1,3-1,8 eV),namely PTR-2Cl and PTR-4Cl are synthesized with only four steps by using intramolecular noncovalent interaction central core,structured alkyl side chain orientation linking units and flanking with different electron-withdrawing end *** them,PTR-4C1 exhibits increased average electrostatic potential(ESP)difference with polymer donor,enhanced crystallinity and compactπ-πstacking compared with the control molecule *** a result,the PTR-4Cl-based OSC achieved an impressive power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 14.72%,with a much higher open-circuit voltage(V_(OC))of 0.953 V and significantly improved fill factor(FF)of 0.758,demonstrating one of the best acceptor material in the top-performing fully NFREA-based OSCs with both high PCE and V_(OC).Notably,PTR-4Cl-based cells maintain a good T_80lifetime of its initial PCE after over 936 h under a continuous thermal annealing treatment and over1300 h T_(80)lifetime without *** work provides a cost-effective design strategy for NFREAs on obtaining high V_(OC),efficient exciton dissociation,and ordered molecular packing and thus high-efficiency and stable OSCs.

关键词： Organic solar cells Fully non-fused ring acceptors End group engineering Morphology regulation High efficiency

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Injectable Platelet-Rich Fibrin in Contact with Bone Substitutes, Porous Zirconia, or Laser-Textured Implant Surfaces: A Detailed Morphological Analysis

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Biomedical materials and Devices 2024年第1期2卷 415-426页

作者： Oliveira, Miguel Noronha Varela, Hugo Almeida Nascimento, Rubens M. Sahoo, Narayan Carvalho, Oscar Henriques, Bruno Souza, Júlio C. M. Ceramic and Composite Materials Research Group (CERMAT) Department of Mechanical Engineering (EMC) Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) Post-graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering Federal University of Rio Grande Norte (UFRN) Center for MicroElectroMechanical Systems (CMEMS-UMINHO) Universidade do Minho LABBELS - Associate Laboratory University of Minho University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS) CESPU

The aim of the present study was to perform a detailed morphological analysis of an injectable platelet rich fibrin after combination with two different particulate hydroxyapatite-based granules, a porous zirconia block, and laser-textured zirconia or titanium surfaces. Blood samples were harvested from three participants to prepare the flowable injectable PRF in contact or not with particulate hydroxyapatite (Hap), bone mineral granules (DBBM), porous zirconia blocks, laser-textured titanium or zirconia surfaces. Optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to evaluate the fibrin network density, fibrin fibers’ diameter, blood cells, and the interaction of PRF with the biomaterials. Histomorphometry of the flowable PRF was also performed using the hematoxylin–eosin staining protocol. Specimens were independently evaluated by two blinded and well-trained researchers in histomorphometry and microscopy. Particulate Hap and DBBM shown different morphological aspects by SEM analyses since DBBM revealed macro- and micro-scale pores while Hap revealed a dense structure. Hydroxyapatite and DBBM granules were entirely embedded by the fibrin-network in the presence of leukocytes and blood platelets. The zirconia porous structured was filled with PRF and its components. Also, the laser-structured zirconia or implant surfaces were entirely coated with the PRF fibrin network embedding leukocytes and blood platelets. Laser-textured titanium surfaces revealed macro- and micro-scale irregularities that increase the surface area and retention of the injectable PRF. Histomorphometric analyses revealed complementary details on the distribution of lymphocytes, red blood cells, and fibrin associated with platelet aggregation. The flowing and viscosity of an injectable platelet rich fibrin provided an agglomeration of synthetic or xenogeneic particulate bone substitutes and the coating of porous zirconia and textured implant surfaces as inspected by scanning electron microsc

关键词： Bone healing Bone substitutes Histology Morphology Platelet-rich fibrin

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Deformation Behavior of Tool and Workpiece in Plate Compression 14th

Deformation Behavior of Tool and Workpiece in Plate Compress...

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14th International Conference on Technology of Plasticity, ICTP 2023

作者： Hakoyama, Tomoyuki Jo, Kenta Yoshikawa, Yasuharu Wang, Zhigang Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Gifu University Tokai National Higher Education and Research System Gifu501-1193 Japan Department of Materials Science and Processing Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Gifu University Tokai National Higher Education and Research System Gifu501-1193 Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering Meijo University Aichi468-0073 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9783031410222

The influence of the combinations of the materials of plate and die on the deformation behavior during unloading in compression of a plate with a high ratio between the diameter and the thickness is investigated by simulations. A plate becomes thicker by elastic recovery during unloading in plate compression for a small ratio of thickness reduction in loading. On the other hand, a plate becomes thinner by the additional compression caused by the elastic recovery of die during unloading for a large ratio of thickness reduction in loading. The turning points by the ratio of thickness reduction from thicker to thinner during unloading depend on the combination of the materials of plate and die. The amount of thickness reduction during unloading is evaluated using the increase in plate diameter during unloading. Increase in plate diameter is large for the conditions that the friction hill in loading is large. Deformation behaviors of a plate using crown dies which are designed to obtain a uniform thickness plate are also investigated. The additional reduction of the thickness during unloading contributes the flatness of the plate. © 2024, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Low carbon steel

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Low-cost chemical surface smoothing of CO2 laser-etched acrylic using WELD ON 4 acrylic solvent cement

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International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 2025年第5期138卷 2245-2255页

作者： Moncada, Luis H. Safaripour, Samira Hutter, Tanya Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States

With the increasing use of micro-manufactured devices and the demand for low-cost fabrication techniques, this study presents a simple and scalable surface polishing method for laser etched acrylic using WELD-ON 4 acrylic solvent cement, a solvent typically used for bonding thermoplastics. The method’s effectiveness was evaluated by treating acrylic samples up to three times and analyzing changes in transparency, surface roughness average (Ra), luminescence, and wettability. Results show that even a single treatment significantly improved surface smoothness, reduced light scattering, and brought contact angle and optical clarity closer to those of unetched acrylic. After three treatments, the surface became isotropic, with laser-etched lines disappearing. Specifically, a 60% reduction in Ra was observed in the direction perpendicular to the etched lines, while the parallel direction initially showed a similar trend, followed by a slight increase attributed to the formation of surface irregularities caused by the re-solidification of dissolved acrylic. Contact angle measurements indicated that the surface remained hydrophilic, with controllable wettability based on the number of treatments. Overall, this method provides a low-cost, cleanroom-free solution for improving the surface finish of laser-fabricated acrylic components. Its compatibility with complex or recessed geometries makes it particularly suitable for microfluidic devices and other precision applications requiring both optical clarity and controlled surface properties. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Carbon dioxide lasers

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Domain wall dynamics in tungsten trioxide: Evidence for polar domain walls

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Physical Review B 2024年第9期110卷 094107页

作者： Jack T. Eckstein Hiroko Yokota Neus Domingo Gustau Catalan Oktay Aktas Michael A. Carpenter Ekhard K. H. Salje Department of Earth Sciences School of Materials and Chemical Technology ICREA and State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials and Materials Science and Engineering

Domain walls have distinct properties from the bulk, and tailoring them to suit the needs for device applications is critical. Tungsten trioxide, WO3, is of great interest for device applications that make use of domain wall properties; it exhibits a phenomenologically rich sequence of phase transitions, virtually all of which are ferroelastic in character, resulting in many sets of domain walls at low temperatures, each with their own unique properties. Domain wall motion and its contribution to the piezoelectric response have been investigated in WO3 from 300 to 180 K using resonant ultrasound spectroscopy (RUS) and resonant piezoelectric spectroscopy (RPS), which showed that the P21/n,P1¯, and P21/c phases give a piezoelectric response despite the bulk being nominally centrosymmetric. Second harmonic generation (SHG) confirmed that polarity was strongest within the domain walls, and additional weak signals were found in the domains. Domain wall mobility was investigated in the Pbcn,P21/n, and P21/c phases from 685 to 5 K. Domain walls in the P21/n and P1¯ were more mobile than those in the Pbcn and P21/c structures, and soon after the P1¯→P21/c transition the walls become pinned at ∼140K.

关键词： Domain walls Ferroelasticity Order parameters Structural phase transition Crystal structures Perovskites Semiconductors Optical second-harmonic generation Resonant piezoelectric spectroscopy Ultrasound spectroscopy

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