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IEEE International Conference on Soft Robotics (RoboSoft)

作者： Xiaoran Zha Saurabh Jadhav Iman Adibnazari Yichen Zhai Michael T. Tolley Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California San Diego San Diego CA USA

Soft robotic systems necessitate accurate and reliable sensor readings to detect environmental interactions and provide precise feedback for control. To be effective, soft sensors must exhibit sensitivity, reliability, repeatability, and flexibility. A versatile approach to sensing for soft robots uses soft air-filled deformable structures with pressure transducers to detect pressure changes due to applied forces. However, the common approach of employing one pressure transducer per sensing chamber limits the scalability of this sensing approach (e.g., for large arrays able to detect touch at many locations). Here we present an approach to the design of pneumatic sensor arrays that reduces the number of required transducers. We develop mathematical models to analyze the pressure variations within the sensor arrays in response to applied forces at various locations. We also introduce a method of rapidly fabricating sensor arrays by laminating elastomeric sheets patterned with laser-cut sacrificial layers. We then use our model to optimize the geometry of the sensors and evaluate the results experimentally. Finally, we devise an algorithm capable of determining the location of multiple touches anywhere within the sensor array. This work represents a step towards the practical application of soft pneumatic sensors, particularly for robotic sensing and haptic devices, enhancing the safety of human-robot interactions.

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Development of poly(vinylidene fluoride)/thermoplastic polyurethane/carbon black-polypyrrole composites with enhanced piezoelectric properties

SPE Polymers

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SPE Polymers 2023年第4期4卷 143-155页

作者： Bertolini, Mayara C. Zamperlin, Nico Barra, Guilherme M. O. Pegoretti, Alessandro Department of Industrial Engineering University of Trento Trento Italy Department of Mechanical Engineering Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology (INSTM) Florence Italy

Poly(vinylidene fluoride)/thermoplastic polyurethane (PVDF/TPU) composites filled with carbon-black polypyrrole were prepared via melt compounding followed by compression molding and fused filament fabrication. CB-PPy was added to the blends from 0 up to 15% to possible act as nucleating filler for PVDF β phase in order to increase its piezoelectric response. The influence of blending PVDF and TPU and of the addition of CB-PPy on the overall crystallinity, content of β phase, and piezoelectric response of composites were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and determination of the piezoelectric coefficient (d₃₃). It was found that the addition of TPU to PVDF induced an increase of the crystallinity degree and content of β phase in PVDF. Moreover, although the degree of crystallinity of the composites decreased with the addition of CB-PPy, the percentage of β phase in PVDF was increased. This effect is more significant in samples with filler concentration higher than 6 wt%. As expected, the d₃₃ of the composites increased as the content of the β phase increased. Furthermore, 3D printed samples displayed lower content of β phase and reduced piezoelectric responses when compared to compression molded samples with same composition. © 2023 The Authors. SPE Polymers published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Plastics Engineers.

关键词： fused filament fabrication nanofiller piezoelectric polymer blend PVDF β phase

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3D Printing of Thermally Curable Resin/Continuous Carbon Fiber Composites with Interpenetrating Polymer Interlayer 38

3D Printing of Thermally Curable Resin/Continuous Carbon Fib...

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38th Technical Conference of the American Society for Composites, ASC 2023

作者： Deng, Kaiyue Zhang, Chunyan Fu, Kun Park, S. Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Delaware NewarkDE19716 United States Department of Material Science and Engineering University of Delaware NewarkDE19716 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Center for Composite Materials University of Delaware NewarkDE19716 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781605956916

3D printing of continuous carbon fiber composites has been a popular research focus in recent years, since it enables the design freedom and the tuning of structural properties. Currently, the existing 3D printing methods of composites with thermoplastics and photocurable resins lack comparable mechanical performances to the thermally curable thermoset resins. But the thermally curable thermoset resin as a matrix is also limited in the long thermal curing time and the difficulty in maintaining structures without mold or high pressure. In this work, we proposed our own 3D printing strategy of the thermally curable thermoset resin based continuous carbon fiber composites, which is capable of producing rapidly and maintaining the geometrical stability. It is achieved by coating dual-cure resin on the surfaces of the fiber/resin laminates during 3D printing, and forming the interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) at interlayers between the laminates after post-thermal treatment. This strategy was demonstrated in our self-developed robotic-based 3D printer, which contains the functions of thermoset resin impregnation, dual-cure resin coating, and compaction. The current level of mechanical properties of the printed composites has achieved tensile strength of 1132.69 MPa, flexural strength of 1080.37 MPa, and interlaminar shear strength of 48.75 MPa. © 2023 by DEStech Publications, Inc. and American Society for Composites. All rights reserved.

关键词： Resins

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Biocorrosion induced by red-tide alga-bacterium symbiosis and the biofouling induced by dissolved iron for carbon steel in marine environment

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Journal of materials science & Technology 2022年第33期128卷 107-117页

作者： Yuqiao Dong Guang-Ling Song Jiawei Zhang Yahui Gao Zi Ming Wang Dajiang Zheng Center for Marine Materials Corrosion and Protection College of MaterialsXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China School of Life Sciences and Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China Department of Ocean Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China The University of Queensland School of Mechanical and Mining EngineeringDivision of Materials EngineeringSt LuciaQld 4072Australia

The assemblages of unicellular microalgae and bacteria in phytoplankton communities can generally result in biodeterioration of metals in marine *** this study,the self-promoted biofouling mechanism underneath red-tide alga Phaeodactylum tricornutum and its symbiotic bacterium Bacillus altitudinis was systematically *** mutualistic interaction of the bacteria and algae quadrupled the corrosion rate in comparison to the individual effect of the bacterium or algal strain ***,the corroded metal appeared to be an accelerator that can stimulate the activity of the *** and aggravate the biological pollution based on the result of 62.3%up-regulation of the key photosynthesis *** corrosion-biofouling-accelerated corrosion-deteriorated biofouling formed a vicious cycle.

关键词： Algal-bacterial symbiosis Marine biofouling Carbon steel Corrosion products

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Neuromodulation of the peripheral nervous system:Bioelectronic technology and prospective developments

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BMEMat(BioMedical engineering materials) 2024年第1期2卷 88-114页

作者： Hayoung Song Moohyun Kim Enji Kim Jakyoung Lee Inhea Jeong Kyeonghee Lim Seoung Young Ryu Myoungjae Oh Younhee Kim Jang-Ung Park Department of Materials Science and Engineering Yonsei UniversitySeoulSouth Korea Center for Nanomedicine Institute for Basic Science(IBS)SeoulSouth Korea Department of Neurosurgery Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering(NanoBME) Advanced Science InstituteYonsei UniversitySeoulSouth Korea

The peripheral nervous system(PNS)is a fascinatingly complex and crucial component of the human body,responsible for transmitting vital signals throughout the body's intricate network of *** efficient functioning is paramount to our health,with any dysfunction often resulting in serious medical conditions,including motor disorders,neurological diseases,and psychiatric *** strides in science and technology have made neuromodulation of the PNS a promising avenue for addressing these health *** involves modifying nerve activity using a range of techniques,such as electrical,chemical,optical,and mechanical *** plays a critical role in this effort,allowing for precise,controlled,and sustained stimulation of the *** paper provides an overview of the PNS,discusses the current state of neuromodulation devices,and presents emerging trends in the field,including advances in wireless power transfer and materials,that are shaping the future of neuromodulation.

关键词： bioelectronics neuromodulation peripheral nervous system

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Design high-entropy carbide ceramics from machine learning

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npj Computational materials 2022年第1期8卷 36-47页

作者： Jun Zhang Biao Xu Yaoxu Xiong Shihua Ma Zhe Wang Zhenggang Wu Shijun Zhao Department of Mechanical Engineering City University of Hong KongHong KongChina College of Materials Science and Engineering Hunan UniversityChangshaHunan410082China City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute ShenZhen518057China

High-entropy ceramics(HECs)have shown great application potential under demanding conditions,such as high stresses and ***,the immense phase space poses great challenges for the rational design of new high-performance *** this work,we develop machine-learning(ML)models to discover high-entropy ceramic carbides(HECCs).Built upon attributes of HECCs and their constituent precursors,our ML models demonstrate a high prediction accuracy(0.982).Using the well-trained ML models,we evaluate the single-phase probability of 90 HECCs that are not experimentally reported so *** of these predictions are validated by our *** further establish the phase diagrams for non-equiatomic HECCs spanning the whole composition space by which the single-phase regime can be easily *** ML models can predict both equiatomic and non-equiatomic HECs based solely on the chemical descriptors of constituent transition-metal-carbide precursors,which paves the way for the high-throughput design of HECCs with superior properties.

关键词： ceramics properties ceramic

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Leidenfrost droplet billiard balls

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Physical Review Fluids 2024年第11期9卷 L111601-L111601页

作者： Yukai Lin Canjun Zhao Fuqiang Chu Xiaomin Wu Nenad Miljkovic Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Energy and Power Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China School of Energy and Environmental Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA Institute for Sustainability Energy and Environment (iSEE) University of Illinois Urbana Illinois USA International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER) Kyushu University 744 Moto-oka Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan

We report the observation of two identical Leidenfrost droplets rebounding from each other after a head-on collision on a hot surface, resembling billiard ball collision. The observed phenomenon contradicts the established understanding that predicts the coalescence of two colliding Leidenfrost droplets. The collision dynamics of the Leidenfrost droplets is investigated using pressure and energy balance analysis at the macroscale, and a molecular interaction analysis at the nanoscale. The results suggest that droplet properties and the temperature of the hot surface determine the state of the gas film between the colliding droplets. Droplets with lower surface tension form thicker gas films, while lower surface temperatures mitigate the interaction of vapor molecules within the gas film, both facilitating droplet rebound after their collision. The discovered Leidenfrost droplet phenomenon is highly controllable, and has potential for a variety of applications, such as the selective chemical synthesis as explored in this work.

关键词： Drop & bubble phenomena Heat transfer Multiphase flows Surface & interfacial phenomena

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Initiation of dendritic NMDA spikes co-regulated via distance-dependent and dynamic distribution of the spine number and morphology in neuron dendrites

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science China(Technological sciences) 2023年第2期66卷 429-438页

作者： CAO YuWei SHEN Chun QIU Hu GUO WanLin State Key Laboratory of Tribology Department of Mechanical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structure and Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of the Ministry of Education Institute for Frontier Science and Institute of NanoscienceNanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China

Dendritic spines are small membranous protrusions that receive synaptic inputs from other neurons,enabling the initiation of dendritic N-methyl-D-aspartic(NMDA)spikes and somatic action *** learning and memory processes,both the number of spines on a dendrite and the morphology of individual spines are constantly *** individual influence of spine number and morphology on dendritic NMDA spikes has already been revealed,but the functional significance of the coregulation of spine number and morphology on NMDA spikes remains ***,we systematically investigated the initiation of local dendritic NMDA spikes by the dynamic distributions of the spine number and morphology on single dendrites in reconstructed neuron *** from the traditional cognition,we found the threshold number of spines required to generate local dendrite NMDA spikes on distal dendrites is fewer than that on proximal ones,because the thinner distal dendrites own higher *** for the spine morphology,the presence of moreα-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionic acid(AMPA)receptors on the spine leads to larger NMDA spikes rather than an increase in the spine dimension ***,we first suggested that a single dendrite containing spines with gradually increasing head diameters away from the soma could generate larger NMDA spikes than that irrational distribution of spine morphology containing spines with decreasing head diameters,which can be compensated by the increasing spine ***,the distance-dependent distribution of spine number and morphology co-regulate the intension of dendritic NMDA *** findings about the threshold for NMDA spikes provide novel insights into the role of the irrational dynamic distribution of the spine number and morphology in senescence and disease processes such as Alzheimer’s disease,schizophrenia,and Parkinson’s disease,which causes abnormal neuron firing.

关键词： dendritic spine spine number spine morphology NMDA spikes memory neurological diseases

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Advancements in Geopolymer Concrete for Marine Infrastructure: An Optimization of Performance Considering Workability, Compressive Strength, Capillary Water Absorption, Porosity, and Chloride Migration

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Iranian Journal of science and Technology - Transactions of Civil engineering 2024年 1-14页

作者： Shahedan, Noor Fifinatasha Hadibarata, Tony Jusoh, Muhammad Noor Hazwan Isia, Ismallianto Bouaissi, Aissa Juwono, Filbert Hilman Nawawi, Natasha Ahmad Kusumaningrum, Hermin Pancasakti Muslim, Abrar Hidayat, Topik Environment Engineering Program Curtin University Malaysia Miri CDT 250 Malaysia School of Engineering University of Plymouth Plymouth PL4 8AA United Kingdom Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong – Liverpool University Suzhou China School of Mechanical Engineering College of Engineering Universiti Teknologi MARA Shah Alam 40450 Malaysia Biotechnology Study Program Department of Biology Faculty of Science and Mathematics Universitas Diponegoro Semarang Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh Indonesia Biology Study Program Faculty of Mathematics and Science Education Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Bandung Indonesia

This research investigates the effectiveness of geopolymer concrete incorporating fly ash in environments rich in chlorides;in contrast to conventional Portland cement concrete (OPC). The study emphasizes essential characteristics such as workability, mechanical strength, capillary water absorption, open porosity, and chloride migration. The experiments demonstrated that geopolymer concrete exhibits a 30% enhancement in slump values, reflecting improved workability, and its compressive strength rose by 14.90–23.94% when compared with OPC. A significant reduction in binder content led to a notable decrease in capillary water absorption, highlighting a positive impact on long-term durability. With time, geopolymer concrete showed a reduction in open porosity and chloride migration coefficient, indicating better resistance to chloride penetration in marine settings. Although these outcomes underscore the potential of geopolymer concrete to improve structural durability, especially in marine infrastructure, additional optimization is required to tackle its relatively higher capillary water absorption and chloride migration during the initial stages. These results contribute to the ongoing investigation of sustainable building materials, offering valuable insights into geopolymer concrete’s ability to endure severe chloride exposure and serve as a durable solution for corrosion management in marine infrastructure. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Shiraz University 2024.

关键词： Durability Geopolymer concrete Marine environments Mix design Sustainable construction

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Natural Convection Heat Transfer from Short Fins: Numerical and Experimental Studies 48th

Natural Convection Heat Transfer from Short Fins: Numerical ...

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48th National Conference on Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Power, FMFP 2021

作者： Bhati, Y.S. Mohan, Manu Srinu, Gangolu Sobhan, C.B. Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of Technology Calicut Calicut673601 India School of Materials Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Calicut Calicut673601 India

ISBN: (纸本)9789811969690

The success of passive cooling devices such as heat sinks depends highly upon their reliability and reduced *** this paper, an investigation is made on the usage of a miniature size heat sink for natural convection heat transfer,which is generally employed in low heat dissipating electronic systems and situations where space constraint plays a major role. In a numerical study, three-dimensional governing differential equations are solved using a finite volume *** attempt has been made to find a correlation of Nusselt number for the vertical fins with horizontal bases for constant base plate temperature. The height and length of the fins are kept constant, whereas the effects of the fin thickness and interfin spacing are determined. Experiments are also conducted using a Mach Zehnder Interferometry Setup, maintaining a constant temperature at the base plate, to benchmark the *** analysis was used to optimize the fin spacing for different boundary conditions. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Fins (heat exchange)

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