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Strengthening from dislocation restructuring and local climb at platelet linear complexions in Al-Cu alloys

Journal of materials science: materials Theory 2024年第1期8卷 1-16页

作者： Garg, Pulkit Gianola, Daniel S. Rupert, Timothy J. Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California Irvine USA Materials Department University of California Santa Barbara USA Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of California Irvine USA

Stress-driven segregation at dislocations can lead to structural transitions between different linear complexion states. In this work, we examine how platelet array linear complexions affect dislocation motion and quantify the associated strengthening effect in Al-Cu alloys using atomistic simulations. The presence of platelet complexions leads to the faceting of the dislocations, with nanoscale segments climbing upwards along the platelet growth direction, resulting in a complex configuration that restricts subsequent dislocation motion. Upon deformation, the leading partial dislocation must climb down from the platelet complexions first, followed by a similar sequence at the trailing partial dislocation, in order to overcome the precipitates and commence plastic slip. The dislocation depinning mechanism of linear complexions is strikingly different from traditional precipitation-strengthened alloys, where dislocations overcome obstacles by either shearing through or looping around obstacles. The critical shear stress required to unpin dislocations from platelet complexions is found to be inversely proportional to precipitate spacing, which includes not just the open space (as observed in Orowan bowing) but also the region along the platelet particle where climb occurs. Thus, linear complexions provide a new way to modify dislocation structure directly and improve the mechanical properties of metal alloys.

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Tyrosine-mediated analog resistive switching for artificial neural networks

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Nano Research 2023年第1期16卷 858-864页

作者： Min-Kyu Song Seok Daniel Namgung Hojung Lee Jeong Hyun Yoon Young-Woong Song Kang Hee Cho Yoon-Sik Lee Jong-Seok Lee Ki Tae Nam Jang-Yeon Kwon School of Integrated Technology Yonsei UniversityIncheon 21983Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyMA 02139USA Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyMA 02139USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Soft Foundry Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea School of Chemical and Biological Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea

The fourth industrial revolution indispensably brings explosive data processing and storage;thus,a new computing paradigm based on artificial intelligence-enabling device structure is urgently *** have received considerable attention in this regard because of their ability to process and store data at the same ***,fundamental problems with abrupt switching characteristics limit their practical *** address this problem,we utilized the concept of metaplasticity inspired by biosystems and observed gradual switching in the peptide-based memristor at high proton *** unexpectedly high slope value>1.7 in the logI–V curve at low voltage(≤400 mV)was considered the main origin,and it might arise from the modulatory response of proton ions on the threshold of Ag ion migration in the peptide *** the obtained gradual switching property at high proton conductivity,the device showed significantly increased accuracy of image recognition(~82.5%).We believe that such a demonstration not only contributes to the practical application of neuromorphic devices but also expands the bioinspired functional synthetic platform.

关键词： artificial synapse neuromorphic computing proton conductor peptide materials artificial neural network

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Nanograded artificial nacre with efficient energy dissipation

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The Innovation 2023年第6期4卷 76-82页

作者： Yu-Feng Meng Cheng-Xin Yu Li-Chuan Zhou Li-Mei Shang Bo Yang Qing-Yue Wang Xiang-Sen Meng Li-Bo Mao Shu-Hong Yu Department of Chemistr New Comerstone Science LaboratoryInstitute of Biomimetic Materials&ChemistryAnhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic MaterialsDivision of Nanomaterials&ChemistryHefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Key Laboratory of Materials Physics Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and NanotechnologyCAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceInstitute of Solid State PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China School of Mechanical Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China Institute of Innovative Materials Department of Materials Science and EngineeringDepatment of ChemistrySouthem University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

The renowned mechanical performance of biological ceramics can beattributed to their hierarchical structures,wherein structural features atthe nanoscale play a crucial ***,nanoscale features,such asnanogradients,have rarely been incorporated in biomimetic ceramicsbecause of the challenges in simultaneously controlling the materialstructure at multiple length ***,we report the fabrication of artificial nacre with graphene oxide nanogradients in its aragonite plateletsthrough a matrix-directed mineralization *** gradients areformed via the spontaneous accumulation of graphene oxide nanosheetson the surface of the platelets during the mineralization process,whichthen induces a lateral residual stress field in the *** tests and mercury intrusion porosimetry demonstrate that the material's energy dissipation is enhanced both intrinsically and extrinsicallythrough the compressive stress near the platelet *** energydissipation density reaches 0.159±0.007 nJ/μm^(3),and the toughnessamplification is superior to that of the most advanced cer ***-ical simulations also agree with the finding that the stress field not ablycontributes to the overall energy *** work demonstratesthat the energy dissipation of biomimetic ceramics can be furtherincreased by integrating design principles spanning multiple *** strategy can be readily extended to the combinations of other struc-tural models for the design and fabrication of structural ceramics withcustomized and optimized performance.

关键词： ceramics artificial energy

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Strain engineering in electrocatalysis:Strategies,characterization,and insights

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 3603-3621页

作者： Qibo Deng Peng Xu Hassanien Gomaa Mohamed A.Shenashen Sherif A.El-Safty Cuihua An Li-Hua Shao Ning Hu School of Mechanical Engineering Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300401China Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceAl-Azhar University71524AssiutEgypt Department of Petrochemical Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute(EPRI)Nasr City11727CairoEgypt Center for Functional Materials National Institute for Materials Science(NIMS)1-2-1 SengenTsukubaIbaraki-ken305-0047Japan State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence Electrical Equipment Key Laboratory of Advanced Intelligent Protective Equipment TechnologyMinistry of Educationand School of Mechanical EngineeringHebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300401China National Key Laboratory of Strength and Structural Integrity Institute of Solid MechanicsSchool of Aeronautic Science and EngineeringBeihang UniversityBeijing100191China Advanced Equipment Research Institute Co. Ltd.of HEBUTTianjin 300401China

Strain engineering,as a cutting-edge method for modulating the electronic structure of catalysts,plays a crucial role in regulating the interaction between the catalytic surface and the adsorbed *** electrocatalytic performance is influenced by the electronic structure,which can be achieved by introducing the external forces or stresses to adjust interatomic spacing between surface *** challenges in strain engineering research lie in accurately understanding the mechanical impact of strain on *** paper first introduces the basic strategy for generating the strain,summarizes the different strain generation forms and their advantages and *** progress in researching the characterization means for the lattice strains and their applications in the field of electrocatalysis is also ***,the challenges of strain engineering are introduced,and an outlook on the future research directions is provided.

关键词： strain electrocatalysis characterization chemical reaction kinetics lattice mismatch

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Quenched-in liquid in glass

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materials Futures 2023年第1期2卷 168-172页

作者： Qing Wang Ying-Hui Shang Yong Yang Laboratory for Microstructures Institute of MaterialsShanghai UniversityShanghai 200072People’s Republic of China Department of Mechanical Engineering College of EngineeringCity University of Hong KongKowloon TongKowloonHong KongPeople’s Republic of China Department of Materials Science and Engineering College of EngineeringCity University of Hong KongKowloon TongKowloonHong KongPeople’s Republic of China Department of Advanced Design and System Engineering College of EngineeringCity University of Hong KongKowloon TongKowloonHong KongPeople’s Republic of China

Glasses have long been considered as frozen liquids because of the similarity between their static amorphous *** the modern theories about glass transition suggest that glass transition may result from supercooling of a heterogeneous liquid that contains fast and slow regions,it remains unclear whether such a physical picture applies to metallic glasses,which are a densely packed solid glass that was once believed to be a vitrified homogeneous metallic ***,in the recent work published in Nature materials,Chang et al provide compelling evidence to show that metallic glasses contain liquid-like atoms that behave as a high-temperature liquid in stress *** activated under cyclic loading,this quenched-in liquid results in a fast relaxation process,which is discovered in a variety of metallic *** results are important and deliver a strong message that metallic glasses have a dynamic microstructure containing liquid-and solid-like *** importantly,the outcome of their research provides physical insight into the nature of glass-transition in metallic glasses,and also helps unravel their structure-property relations.

关键词： glass transition metallic glasses structural heterogeneity structure-property relation

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Formation process and mechanical properties in selective laser melted multi-principal-element alloys

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Journal of materials science & Technology 2023年第2期133卷 12-22页

作者： Jing Peng Jia Li Bin Liu Jian Wang Haotian Chen Hui Feng Xin Zeng Heng Duan Yuankui Cao Junyang He Peter K.Liaw Qihong Fang State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body College of Mechanical and Vehicle EngineeringHunan UniversityChangsha 410082China State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China State Key Laboratory of Porous Metal Materials Northwest Institute for Nonferrous Metal ResearchXi’an 710016China Department of Materials Science and Engineering The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA

Additive manufacturing is believed to open up a new era in precise microfabrication,and the dynamic microstructure evolution during the process as well as the experiment-simulation correlated study is conducted on a prototype multi-principal-element alloys FeCrNi fabricated using selective laser melting(SLM).Experimental results reveal that columnar crystals grow across the cladding layers and the dense cellular structures develop in the filled *** the micron scale,all constituent elements are evenly distributed,while at the near-atomic scale,Cr element is obviously *** results at the atomic scale illustrate that i)the solid-liquid interface during the grain growth changes from horizontal to arc due to the radial temperature gradient;ii)the precipitates,microscale voids,and stacking faults also form dynamically as a result of the thermal gradient,leading to the residual stress in the SLMed *** addition,we established a microstructure-based physical model based on atomic simulation,which indicates that strong interface strengthening exists in the tensile *** present work provides an atomic-scale understanding of the microstructural evolution in the SLM process through the combination of experiment and simulation.

关键词： Selective laser melting Multi-principal-element alloys Cellular structure Microsegregation Grain growth mechanical properties

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Morphology-controlled synthesis of multi-metal-based spinel oxide nanocatalysts and their performance for oxygen reduction

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Electron 2024年第3期2卷 13-19页

作者： Can Li Jinfong Pan Xiaobo Chen Lihua Zhang Anna Dennett Prabhu Bharathan Douglas Lee Guangwen Zhou Jiye Fang Department of Chemistry State University of New York at BinghamtonBinghamtonNew YorkUSA Materials Science and Engineering Program State University of New York at BinghamtonBinghamtonNew YorkUSA Center for Functional Nanomaterials Brookhaven National LaboratoryUptonNew YorkUSA Department of Mechanical Engineering State University of New York at BinghamtonBinghamtonNew YorkUSA

We present a one-pot colloidal synthesis method for producing monodisperse multi-metal(Co,Mn,and Fe)spinel nanocrystals(NCs),including nanocubes,nano-octahedra,and concave *** study explores the mechanism of morphology control,showcasing the pivotal roles of metal precursors and capping ligands in determining the exposed crystal planes on the NC *** cubic spinel NCs,terminated with exclusive{100}-facets,demonstrate superior electrocatalytic activity for the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)in alkaline media compared to their octahedral and concave cubic ***,at 0.85 V,(CoMn)Fe_(2)O_(4) spinel oxide nanocubes achieve a high mass activity of 23.9 A/g and exhibit excellent stability,highlighting the promising ORR performance associated with{100}-facets of multi-metal spinel oxides over other low-index and high-index *** by exploring the correlation between ORR performance and surface atom arrangement(active sites),surface element composition,as well as other factors,this study introduces a prospective approach for shapecontrolled synthesis of advanced spinel oxide *** underscores the significance of catalyst shape control and suggests potential applications as nonprecious metal ORR electrocatalysts.

关键词： alkaline media morphology control multi-metal spinel catalyst nanocrystals oxygen reduction

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Rational design of natural leather-based water evaporator for electricity generation and functional applications

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第9期96卷 129-144页

作者： Bingyuan Zhang Xiaoyu Guan Qingxin Han Haoxiang Guo Sai Zheng Xuhui Sun Afnan H.El-Gowily Mohammed A.Abosheasha Yanxia Zhu Motoki Ueda Meng An Haojun Fan Yoshihiro Ito College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering Key Laboratory of Auxiliary Chemistry and Technology for Chemical IndustryMinistry of EducationShaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Industrial Auxiliary Chemistry and TechnologyShaanxi University of Science&TechnologyXi'an 710021ShaanxiChina Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research2-1 HirosawaWako 351-0198SaitamaJapan Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering(Sichuan University) Ministry of EducationChengdu 610065SichuanChina College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Shaanxi University of Science&TechnologyXi'an 710021ShaanxiChina Biochemistry Division Chemistry DepartmentFaculty of ScienceTanta UniversityTanta 31527Egypt

In recent years,water evaporation-induced electricity has attracted a great deal of attention as an emerging green and renewable energy harvesting *** abundant materials have been developed to fabricate hydrovoltaic devices,the limitations of high costs,inconvenient storage and transport,low environmental benefits,and unadaptable shape have restricted their wide ***,an electricity generator driven by water evaporation has been engineered based on natural biomass leather with inherent properties of good moisture permeability,excellent wettability,physicochemical stability,flexibility,and *** numerous nano/microchannels together with rich oxygen-bearing functional groups,the natural leather-based water evaporator,Leather_(Emblic-NPs-SA/CB),could continuously produce electricity even staying outside,achieving a maximum output voltage of∼3 V with six-series ***,the leather-based water evaporator has enormous potential for use as a flexible self-powered electronic floor and seawater demineralizer due to its sensitive pressure sensing ability as well as its excellent photothermal conversion efficiency(96.3%)and thus fast water evaporation rate(2.65 kg m^(−2)h^(−1)).This work offers a new and functional material for the construction of hydrovoltaic devices to harvest the sustained green energy from water evaporation in arbitrary ambient environments,which shows great promise in their widespread applications.

关键词： Energy conversion Water evaporation-induced electricity Functional leather Flexible self-powered sensor Desalination

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Rolling Helical Microrobots for Cell Patterning 6

Rolling Helical Microrobots for Cell Patterning

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6th International Conference on Manipulation, Automation, and Robotics at Small Scales, MARSS 2023

作者： Yang, Yanda Kirmizitas, Fatma Ceren Sokolich, Max Valencia, Alejandra Rivas, David Karakan, M. Cagatay White, Alice E. Malikopoulos, Andreas A. Das, Sambeeta University of Delaware Department of Mechanical Engineering NewarkDE19716 United States University of Delaware Department of Animal and Food Sciences NewarkDE19716 United States Boston University Department of Biomedical Engineering BostonMA02215 United States Boston University Department of Mechanical Engineering Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering BostonMA02215 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350330397

Microrobots, untethered miniature devices capable of performing tasks at the microscale, have gained significant attention in the fields of robotics and biomedicine. These devices hold immense potential for various industrial and scientific applications, including targeted drug delivery and cell manipulation. In this study, we present a novel magnetic rolling helical microrobot specifically designed for bio-compatible cell patterning. Our microrobot incorporates both open-loop and closed-loop control mechanisms, providing flexible, precise, and rapid control for various applications. Through experiments, we demonstrate the microrobot's ability to manipulate cells by pushing them while rolling and arranging cells into desired patterns. This result is particularly significant as it has implications for diverse biological applications such as tissue engineering and organoid development. Moreover, we showcase the effectiveness of our microrobot in a closed-loop control system, where it successfully follows a predetermined path from an origin to a destination. The combination of cellular manipulation capabilities and trajectory-tracking performance underlines the versatility and potential of our magnetic rolling helical microrobot. The ability to control and navigate the microrobot with high precision opens up new possibilities for advanced biomedical applications. These findings contribute to the growing body of knowledge in microbotics and pave the way for further research and development in the field. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Cells

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Stability of trivalent and hexavalent chromium oxide layers on aluminum substrates from electronic structure calculations

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Physical Review materials 2024年第11期8卷 113603-113603页

作者： Peng Geng Shu Huang Jaime Marian Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California Los Angeles California USA Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of California Los Angeles California USA

Aluminum's light weight and high strength make it highly desirable as a structural material in the transportation sector. However, its relatively high corrosion susceptibility poses challenges for its wide application under exposure to the elements. Traditionally, hexavalent chromium (VI) oxide (CrO3) coatings have been employed to provide corrosion protection, but their toxicity and environmental impact have motivated research to seek less harmful options. Trivalent chromium (III) oxide (Cr2O3) suggests itself as a natural alternative due to its similar chemistry and lower toxicity. However, the stability of its bonding to pure Al metal substrates has not been thoroughly investigated. This study focuses on calculations of the adhesion work (Wad) and interface energy (γij) of Al/CrO3 and Al/Cr2O3 interface structures with different Al crystallographic orientations ((100), (110), and (111)) using density functional theory calculations. Significant variations in the adhesion work Wad and interface energy γij were observed for Al/CrO3 interface structures across different Al planes, primarily attributed to the formation of interpenetrating Al-Cr oxide substructures and the formation of Al-O-Al bonds within the interface region. In contrast, the Al/Cr2O3 interface energies exhibited a relatively weak dependence on the metal substrate orientation, with well-defined oxide and metallic layers and no oxygen penetration into the aluminum. Notably, Al/Cr2O3 interfaces generally displayed higher adhesion work Wad and lower interface energy γij compared to Al/CrO3, suggesting that Cr2O3 forms more stable interfaces and adheres more strongly to Al. These findings contribute to the development of sustainable corrosion protection solutions in the aerospace and marine industries by highlighting the potential of Cr2O3 coatings as a viable environmentally friendly alternative to CrO3.

关键词： Adhesion Interface & surface thermodynamics Surface & interfacial phenomena Solid-solid interfaces Density functional theory

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