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Disentangling distinct Cu surface sites for electrocatalytic CO_(2)-to-CO and CO-to-C_(2+)conversion

science China Chemistry 2024年第4期67卷 1047-1048页

作者： Kun Jiang Wen-Bin Cai Interdisciplinary Science Research Centre School of Mechanical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsDepartment of ChemistryFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China

Electrochemical CO_(2)reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)is a promising strategy to curb anthropogenic carbon emissions,for which intermittent renewable electricity could be stored as chemical energy within carbon-based fuel... 详细信息

关键词： carbon Electrochemical surface

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Investigations into the interfacial characteristics of Inconel 718/stainless steel 316L fabricated by multi-material Laser Powder Bed Fusion 13

Investigations into the interfacial characteristics of Incon...

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13th CIRP Conference on Photonic Technologies, LANE 2024

作者： Sarkar, Moloy Tiwari, Vikas Mishra, Sarvesh Kumar Singh, Sudhanshu Shekhar Ramkumar, Janakarajan Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur208016 India Department of Materials Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur208016 India

The numerous advantages of Additive manufacturing (AM) are being utilized to print multi-material components for different applications. Although the AM method of laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) can print more complex and dimensionally accurate parts than the directed energy deposition (DED) method, printing multi-material components is challenging for LPBF. This study demonstrates an attempt at bimetallic 3D printing of stainless steel 316L and Inconel 718 by multi-material laser powder bed fusion and its characterization. A continuous wave (CW) fiber laser was used for the LPBF process and laser parameters for the bimetallic components were optimized. Microstructural studies were carried out with optical microscopy and scanning electron microscope (SEM) to investigate the interfacial characteristics for different numbers of interlayers. The thickness of the interfacial region was around 50-100 μm. Vickers microhardness (HV) and nanoindentation were performed at various locations around the fusion zone resulting in an average micro and nano hardness of 303 HV and 4.622 GPa respectively. © 2024 The Authors.

关键词： Microhardness

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Mechanistic switch in corrosion behavior of magnesium alloy diamond lattice structures induced by argon plasma treatment

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2025年第1期13卷 101-119页

作者： Viviana M.Posadaa Alexandru Marin Tonny Naranjo Juan Ramírez Patricia Fernández-Morales Ken and Mary Alice Lindquist Department of Nuclear Engineering Pennsylvania State UniversityPA USA Department of Mechanical Engineering School of MinesUniversidad Nacional de ColombiaBogotáColombia Department of Nuclear Plasma and Radiological EngineeringCollege of EngineeringUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignILUSA Medicine Faculty Universidad Pontificia BolivarianaAntioquiaColombia Corporación para Investigaciones Biológicas AntioquiaColombia Industrial Engineering Faculty Universidad Pontificia BolivarianaAntioquiaColombia Materials Science and Engineering Department Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA Surface Analysis Laboratory Institute for Nuclear Research PitestiMioveni15400Romania Department of Electronics and Computer Science Pontificia Universidad Javeriana de CaliColombia

Advancing 3D magnesium(Mg)development beyond current limitations requires controlling Mg alloy degradation in pre-designed,low-dimension *** study reveals a mechanistic switch in the corrosion behavior of Mg alloy(3.6%Al,0.8%Zn)diamond lattice structures,induced by plasma nanosynthesis(400 eV Ar^(+)ions,fluence 1×10^(17) ions/cm^(2)).Plasma treatment of the Mg alloy increases surface Mg from 1.5%to 14.5%,enhances carbonate formation,and generates a nanostructured surface with a Mg carbonate layer over an oxide/hydroxide *** vitro and in vivo analyses over 8 wk demonstrate how this treatment fundamentally alters the degradation process and stability of these 3D *** untreated samples initially formed a protective film that subsequently diminished,DPNS-treated samples demonstrated an inverse corrosion behavior.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)confirmed the presence of a stable,protective layer composed of magnesium oxide,magnesium hydroxide,and magnesium carbonate on the DPNS-treated *** 14 days,the DPNS-treated sample exhibited a more positive corrosion potential(-0.69 V versus-1.36 V)and a marginally lower current density(0.73 mA/cm^(2)compared to 0.75 mA/c^(2))relative to the *** protective layer,combined with modified surface topology,initiated a core-to-periphery degradation pattern that maintained structural integrity for up to 8 wk *** findings support the conclusion that the DPNS-treated scaffold demonstrates sustained improved corrosion resistance over time compared to the untreated ***-CT revealed plasma-treated samples retained larger struts(504.9±95.3μm at 8 wk)and formed larger H_(2) pockets extending 14.2 mm from the implant center,versus 4.9 mm in *** corrosion behavior switch enhances stability but risks pore clogging,offering insights for tailoring Mg alloy degradation and H_(2) evolution in 3D architectures

关键词： Mg Corrosion resistance Cellular materials Nanotopography Nano-medicine Diirected plasma nanosynthesis

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A MULTI-SIZED UNIT CELL DESIGN METHOD TO DESIGN LATTICE SUPPORT STRUCTURES FOR COMPLEX GEOMETRIES IN LPBF

A MULTI-SIZED UNIT CELL DESIGN METHOD TO DESIGN LATTICE SUPP...

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ASME 2024 International Design engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in engineering Conference, IDETC-CIE 2024

作者： White, Lisha Zhang, Guanglu Seo, Junwon Lamprinakos, Nicholas Rollett, Anthony Cagan, Jonathan Zhang, Yongjie Jessica Department of Mechanical Engineering Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780791888346

Composed of individual unit cells strategically arranged to achieve a desired function, lattices are a promising solution for laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) support structure design. Despite their many advantages (e.g., multifunctionality and reduced material cost), prior work in lattice support structure (LSS) design primarily focused on parts with horizontal support domains (e.g., cantilever beams) that are not translatable to complex domains, thereby limiting their application. This work introduces a multi-sized unit cell design optimization (MSO) method to create LSS for parts with complex surfaces. The proposed method utilizes voxelization to identify and sort the locations of box-like unit cells of different sizes. It also allows for efficient design optimization through a modified simulated annealing-based optimization algorithm. The effectiveness and efficiency of the MSO method are demonstrated through the case study of an adapter pipe for a high-temperature heat exchanger. For this demonstration, LSS using multi-sized unit cells are designed to increase heat transfer rate while considering structural integrity and material cost constraints. When the optimally-directed results derived from the MSO method are compared to benchmark designs of equal-sized unit cells, it achieves an average heat transfer rate that is 16% higher while satisfying volume, stress, and deformation constraints. © 2024 by ASME.

关键词： Simulated annealing

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Binder-free Li-O_(2)battery cathodes using Ni-and PtRu-coated vertically aligned carbon nanofibers as electrocatalysts for enhanced stability

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Nano Research Energy 2023年第2期2卷 229-239页

作者： Syed Shoaib Hassan Zaidi Sabari Rajendran Archana Sekar Ayyappan Elangovan Jun Li Xianglin Li Department of Mechanical Engineering University of KansasLawrenceKS 66045USA Department of Chemistry Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Washington University in St.LouisSt.LouisMO 63130USA

The development of an ideal cathode for Li-O_(2)battery(LOB)has been a great challenge in achieving high discharge capacity,enhanced stability,and *** formation of undesired and irreversible discharge products on the surface of current cathode materials limit the life span of the *** this study,we report the systematic electrochemical study to compare the performance of LOB employing a unique graphitic nanostructured carbon architecture,i.e.,vertically aligned carbon nanofiber(VACNF)arrays,as the cathode *** metal(Ni)and noble metal alloy(PtRu)are further deposited on the VACNF array as electrocatalysts to improve the discharge/charge processes at the *** structure of as-prepared electrodes was examined with the field emission scanning electron microscopy,high-resolution transmission electron microscopy,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).The LOB with VACNF-Ni electrode delivered the highest specific and areal discharge capacities(14.92 Ah·g^(−1),4.32 mAh·cm^(−2))at 0.1 mA·cm^(−2)current density as compared with VACNF-PtRu(9.07 Ah·g^(−1),2.62 mAh·cm^(−2)),bare VACNF(5.55 Ah·g^(−1),1.60 mAh·cm^(−2))and commercial Vulcan XC(3.83 Ah·g^(−1),1.91 mAh·cm^(−2)).Cycling stability tests revealed the superior performance of VACNF-PtRu with 27 cycles as compared with VACNF-Ni(13 cycles),VACNF(8 cycles),and Vulcan XC(3 cycles).The superior cycling stability of VACNF-PtRu can be attributed to its ability to suppress the formation of Li2CO3 during the discharge cycle,as elucidated by XPS analysis of discharged *** also investigated the impact of carbon cloth and carbon fiber as cathode electrode substrate on the performance of LOB.

关键词： lithium oxygen battery vertically aligned carbon nanofibers Ni PtRu cathodes stability

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Improving the properties of AA7075 resistance spot-welded joints by chemical oxide removal and post weld heat treating

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Rivista Italiana della Saldatura 2023年第6期 657-670页

作者： Gáspár, Marcell Dobosy, Ádám Tisza, Miklós Török, Imre Dong, Yangchun Zheng, Kailun Institute of Materials Science and Technology University of Miskolc Hungary School of Metallurgy and Materials University of Birmingham Birmingham United Kingdom Department of Mechanical Engineering Imperial College London United Kingdom

The aluminium alloy studied in this paper is the heat treatable AA7075 which has zinc as the main alloying element. 7xxx aluminium alloys have the best strength performance among all commercial series and AA7075 has tensile strength above 500MPa. The outstanding strength properties open the possibility to use this alloy in automotive industry as a possible alternative material for car body elements instead of steel. However, their limited formability properties mean obstacle when a complicated shape car body panel is formed, since the elongation is limited only between 5 and 11%. In order to successfully form these sheets into the demanded geometry, hot forming should be used, and thus the body panels should be formed when the AA7075 is in a solution heat treated condition, such as using the HFQ® process. Then, after assembling the body elements, when resistance spot welding is among the most common joining methods, the AA7075 body parts should get the artificial ageing. It means that welding is followed by artificial ageing as a kind of post weld heat treating which can partially compensate the softening of this alloy during welding. Softening is considered among the most challenging weldability issues similarly to the high melting point oxide layer at the surface which also reduces the load bearing capacity of RSW joints. During the performed experimental program, three routes were investigated. The RSW experiments are performed on 1-mm-thick AA7075 sheets. The spot-welded joints were examined by macroscopic testing, tensile shear and hardness tests. © 2023 Instituto Italiano della Saldatura. All rights reserved.

关键词： Spot welding

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Functionally graded structure of a nitride-strengthened Mg_(2)Si-based hybrid composite

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第3期12卷 1239-1256页

作者： Jeongho Yang Woongbeom Heogh Hogi Ju Sukhyun Kang Tae-Sik Jang Hyun-Do Jung Mohammad Jahazi Seung Chul Han Seong Je Park Hyoung Seop Kim Susmita Bose Amit Bandyopadhyay Martin Byung-Guk Jun Young Won Kim Dae-kyeom Kim Rigoberto CAdvincula Clodualdo Aranas Jr Sang Hoon Kim School of Mechanical Engineering Pusan National UniversityBusan 46241Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Design Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Republic of Korea Process Research 3 Team LG Display Co.Ltd.PajuGyeonggi-do 10845Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Chosun UniversityGwangju 61452Republic of Korea Institute of Well-Aging Medicare&Chosun University LAMP Center Chosun UniversityGwangju 61452Republic of Korea Division of Materials Science and Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering École de Technologie SupérieureMontrealQuebec H3C 1K3Canada Material&Component Convergence R&D Center Korea Construction Equipment Technology InstituteGunsanJeollabuk-do 54002Republic of Korea School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore Graduate Institute of Ferrous&Eco Materials Technology Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangGyeongsangbuk-do 37673Republic of Korea Advanced Institute for Materials Research Tohoku UniversitySendai 980-8577Japan Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Republic of Korea School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Washington State UniversityPullmanWashington 99164USA School of Mechanical Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndiana 47907USA Research Institute of Advanced Manufacturing Technology Korea Institute of Industrial TechnologyIncheon 21999Republic of Korea Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOhio 44106USA Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Joint Institute for Advanced Materials University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTennessee 37996USA Center for Nanophase Materials and Sciences Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTennessee 37830USA Department of Mechanical Engineering University of New BrunswickFrederictonNew Brunswick E3B 5A3Cana

The ex-situ incorporation of the secondary SiC reinforcement,along with the in-situ incorporation of the tertiary and quaternary Mg_(3)N_(2) and Si_(3)N_(4) phases,in the primary matrix of Mg_(2)Si is employed in order to provide ultimate wear resistance based on the laser-irradiation-induced inclusion of N_(2) gas during laser powder bed *** is substantialized based on both the thermal diffusion-and chemical reactionbased metallurgy of the Mg_(2)Si–SiC/nitride hybrid *** study also proposes a functional platform for systematically modulating a functionally graded structure and modeling build-direction-dependent architectonics during additive *** strategy enables the development of a compositional gradient from the center to the edge of each melt pool of the Mg_(2)Si–SiC/nitride hybrid ***,the coefficient of friction of the hybrid composite exhibits a 309.3%decrease to–1.67 compared to–0.54 for the conventional nonreinforced Mg_(2)Si structure,while the tensile strength exhibits a 171.3%increase to 831.5 MPa compared to 485.3 MPa for the conventional *** outstanding mechanical behavior is due to the(1)the complementary and synergistic reinforcement effects of the SiC and nitride compounds,each of which possesses an intrinsically high hardness,and(2)the strong adhesion of these compounds to the Mg_(2)Si matrix despite their small sizes and low concentrations.

关键词： Laser powder bed fusion Mg_(2)Si-SiC/nitride hybrid composite Both the thermal diffusion-and chemical reaction-based metallurgy Functionally graded structure Compositional gradient Wear resistance.

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Inhibiting creep in fine-grained Mg–Al alloys through grain boundary stabilization

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期13卷 2072-2083页

作者： Ren, Lingbao Zhao, Yurong Li, Jinjin Liu, Fei Liu, Boyu Wu, Ge Boehlert, Carl J. Shan, Zhiwei Center for Advancing Materials Performance from the Nanoscale State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Michigan State University East LansingMI48824 United States

The limited creep resistance of wrought Mg–Al alloys restricts their lightweight applications at intermediate temperatures due to the softening effect of discontinuous precipitation (DP) on the dislocation-controlled creep. Here, we developed a creep-resistant wrought Mg–Al alloy through microalloying of Y and Ca. The resulting alloy exhibited an order of magnitude enhancement in the creep resistance at 125 ℃/50–100 MPa. In contrast to the grain boundary instabilities by DP in the previously reported wrought Mg–Al alloys, we show that the addition of 0.21Y+0.15Ca wt% produces a (Zn+Ca) co-segregation at the grain boundaries as a result of their segregation energy and the activation energy of grain boundary migration, thereby stabilizing the grain boundaries. The (Zn+Ca) co-segregation inhibits the dynamic DP and promotes the formation of intragranular Al-enriched clusters, which favorthe formation of Al2Y, Mg17Al12 nano precipitates, thereby impeding intragranular dislocation motion during creep. Furthermore, the addition of 0.21Y+0.15Ca wt% facilitates the formation of a fine and uniform recrystallization structure in the microalloyed alloys compared to AZ80 due to the high activation energy of mobility for the (Zn+Ca) segregated grain boundary. Therefore, the microalloyed alloys exhibit good tensile properties with 380 MPa tensile strength and 18 % elongation. Our constitutive analysis revealed that the (Y+Ca) microalloying decreased the creep stress exponent by 29 % and increased the creep resistance in the medium to high-stress range. Microalloying provides a promising way to develop low-cost creep-resistant wrought Mg–Al alloys. © 2024

关键词： Creep

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MnBi IPMSM and PMASynRM Torque Density Limitations due to Temperature-Dependent Demagnetization

MnBi IPMSM and PMASynRM Torque Density Limitations due to Te...

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2024 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE 2024

作者： Brody, Ryan Ohodnicki, Paul Grainger, Brandon University of Pittsburgh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering PittsburghPA United States University of Pittsburgh Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science PittsburghPA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350376067

Permanent magnets (PM) demagnetization occurs when applying external fields opposite the PM's polarity. To a certain degree, this effect is reversible and useful in high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) by enabling flux weakening control and reluctance torque. However, relatively large external fields cause irreversible demagnetization, damaging the magnet and, thus, the motor. In PMSMs, irreversible demagnetization can significantly limit torque density, especially when using rare earth (RE) free PMs with low coercivity. Irreversible demagnetization risk can be controlled in motor designs to increase torque density if the motor drive is designed appropriately, but the impact of this relationship has yet to be quantified statistically. Therefore, this paper does so by designing and comparing PMSMs with varying demagnetization risk and comparing their performance in terms of torque density and short circuit current. The motor designs presented here are based on the specifications for the 2011 Nissan Leaf, and electric vehicles (EVs) contribute significantly to RE PM demand by typically using interior permanent magnet motors (IPMSMs) with RE PMs. Therefore, the authors also assess demagnetization risk during EV drive cycles for the MnBi motor designs presented here. Because demagnetization effects are particularly limiting in permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motors (PMASynRM) that use MnBi PMs, this paper focuses on various MnBi PMASynRM designs and compare them to a MnBi IPMSM design previously published by the authors. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Demagnetization

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Microstructure of hydrogen electrode catalyst layer materials for solid oxide electrolysis cells

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International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2025年 137卷 830-839页

作者： Mohanty, Debabrata Chao, Ko-Yun Lin, Tai-Nan Lee, Sheng-Wei Tseng, Chung-Jen Hung, I-Ming Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Yuan Ze University Taoyuan32003 Taiwan Department of Material Research National Atomic Research Institute Taoyuan32546 Taiwan Institute of Materials Science and Engineering National Central University Taoyuan City32001 Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering National Central University Taoyuan City32001 Taiwan Research Center National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan

This research explores the synthesis of Ce0·6Mn0·3Fe0·1O2-δ (CMF) catalyst using the citric acid-EDTA method. CMF mixtures with various active carbon pore-forming amounts are achieved through controlled atmosphere sintering, revealing low permeability and high porosity. The permeability correlates with the microstructure. Results show poor porosity in unsintered carbon at 1250 °C. Increasing the amount of pore-forming powders does not enhance porosity. Sintering CMF and 9% active carbon at 1250 °C under Ar and then in air at 900 °C increases active carbon porosity, resulting in a mixture with a specific surface area of 2.11 m2 g−1 and porosity of 50.82%. This composition surpasses others in characteristics. Electrochemical assessment of solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) indicates that Pt/SDC/CMF+9%AC (cell B) outperforms Pt/SDC/Pt (cell A), demonstrating potential for CMF oxide cathodes in steam electrolysis during SOEC operations with a current density of 847 mA cm−2 at 1.5 V. © 2024

关键词： Regenerative fuel cells

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