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The Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection(GRAND):science and design

science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2020年第1期63卷 1-43页

作者： Jaime Alvarez-Muniz Rafael Alves Batista Aswathi Balagopal V. Julien Bolmont Mauricio Bustamante Washington Carvalho Jr. Didier Charrier Ismael Cognard Valentin Decoene Peter B.Denton Sijbrand De Jong Krijn D.De Vries Ralph Engel Ke Fang Chad Finley Stefano Gabici Quan Bu Gou Jun Hua Gu Claire Guépin Hong Bo Hu Yan Huang Kumiko Kotera Sandra Le Coz Jean-Philippe Lenain Guo Liang Léü Olivier Martineau-Huynh Miguel Mostafá Fabrice Mottez Kohta Murase Valentin Niess Foteini Oikonomou Tanguy Pierog Xiang Li Qian Bo Qin Duan Ran Nicolas Renault-Tinacci Markus Roth Frank G.Schroder Fabian Schüssler Cyril Tasse Charles Timmerman Matías Tueros Xiang Ping Wu Philippe Zarka Andreas Zech B.Theodore Zhang Jian Li Zhang Yi Zhang Qian Zheng Anne Zilles Departamento de Fisica de Particulas&lnstituto Galego de Fisica de Altas Enerxias Universidad de Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de Compostela 15782Spain Instituto de Astronomia Geofisica e Ciencias AtmosfericasUniversidade de Sao PauloSao Paulo-SP 05508-090Brazil Department of Physics-Astrophysics University of OxfordDWBOxford 0X13RHUK Institute of Experimental Particle Physics(ETP) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Karlsru he D-76021Germany Laboratoire de Physique Nucleeaire et de Hautes Energies(LPNHE) Sorbonne UniversiteUniversite Paris DiderotSorbonne Paris CiteCNRS place Jussieu F-75252Paris Cedex 5France Niels Bohr International Academy and DARK Niels Bohr InstituteCopenhagen 2100Denmark Discovery Center Niels Bohr InstituteCopenhagen 2100Denmark Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics(CCA.PP)&Department of Physics Ohio State UniversityColumbus OH 43210USA Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela 15782Spain 0SUBATECH Institut Mines-Telecom Atlantique-CNRS/IN2P3-Universite de NantesNantes 44300France Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de KEnvironnement et de VEspace LPC2E CNRS-Universite d'Orleans Orleans F-45071France Station de Radioastronomie de Nancay Observatoire de ParisCNRS/INSU F-18330 NangayFrance Sorbonne Universite UMR 7095Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris98 bis bd AragoParis 75014France Institute for Mathematics Astrophysics and Particle Physics(IMAPP)Radboud UniversiteitNijmegen 6500Netherlands Nationaal Instituut voor Kemfysica en Hoge Energie Fysica(NIKHEF) Amsterdam NL-1009Netherlands IIHE/ELEM Vrije Universiteit BrusselPleinlaan 2Brussels 1050Belgium Institute for Nuclear Physics(IKP) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Karlsruhe D-76021Germany Einstein Fellow Stanford UniversityStanford CA 94305USA Department of Astronomy University of MarylandCollege Park MD 20742-2421USA Joint Space-Science Institute College Park MD 20742-2421USA Oskar Klein Centre Stockholm UniversityStockholm SE-10691Sweden Department of Phy

The Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection(GRAND)is a planned large-scale observatory of ultra-high-energy(UHE)cosmic particles,with energies exceeding 10~8 Ge *** goal is to solve the long-standing mystery of the origin of UHE cosmic *** do this,GRAND will detect an unprecedented number of UHE cosmic rays and search for the undiscovered UHE neutrinos and gamma rays associated to them with unmatched *** will use large arrays of antennas to detect the radio emission coming from extensive air showers initiated by UHE particles in the *** design is modular:20 separate,independent sub-arrays,each of 10000 radio antennas deployed over 10000 km^2.A staged construction plan will validate key detection techniques while achieving important science goals *** we present the science goals,detection strategy,preliminary design,performance goals,and construction plans for GRAND.

关键词： radio telescopes neutrinos in astronomical observations cosmic rays in astronomical observations radiowave radiation:sources galactic and extragalactic cosmic rays:galactic and extragalactic

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Correction to: Investigation of convective nanomaterial flow and exergy drop considering CVFEM within a porous tank

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Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 2019年第3期139卷 2351-2351页

作者： Abdulrahman A. Alrobaian Ali Sulaiman Alsagri Jagar A. Ali Samir Mustafa Hamad Ahmad Shafee Truong Khang Nguyen Zhixiong Li Mechanical Engineering Department College of Engineering Qassim University Buraydah Saudi Arabia Mechanical Engineering Department College of Engineering - Unaizah Qassim University Unaizah Saudi Arabia Department of Petroleum Engineering Faculty of Engineering Soran University Soran Iraq Department of Petroleum Engineering College of Engineering Knowledge University Erbīl Iraq Computer Department Cihan University-Erbil Erbil Iraq Scientific Research Centre Soran University Soran Iraq Division of Computational Physics Institute for Computational Science Ton Duc Thang University Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Ton Duc Thang University Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam School of Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao China School of Mechanical Materials Mechatronic and Biomedical Engineering University of Wollongong Wollongong Australia

Unfortunately in the original publication of the article, the fifth affiliation was incorrectly published. The corrected affiliation is given in this Correction article.

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Emergent prethermalization signatures in out-of-time ordered correlations

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Wei, Ken Xuan Peng, Pai Shtanko, Oles Marvian, Iman Lloyd, Seth Ramanathan, Chandrasekhar Cappellaro, Paola Department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Departments of Physics & Electrical and Computer Engineering Duke University DurhamNC27708 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Dartmouth College HanoverNH03755 United States Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States

How a many-body quantum system thermalizes –or fails to do so– under its own interaction is a fundamental yet elusive concept. Here we demonstrate nuclear magnetic resonance observation of the emergence of prethermalization by measuring out-of-time ordered correlations. We exploit Hamiltonian engineering techniques to tune the strength of spin-spin interactions and of a transverse magnetic field in a spin chain system, as well as to invert the Hamiltonian sign to reveal out-of-time ordered correlations. At large fields, we observe an emergent conserved quantity due to prethermalization, which can be revealed by an early saturation of correlations. Our experiment not only demonstrates a new protocol to measure out-of-time ordered correlations, but also provides new insights in the study of quantum thermodynamics. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hamiltonians

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Real-time Bezier interpolation satisfying chord error constraint for CNC tool path

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science China(Technological sciences) 2016年第2期59卷 203-213页

作者： FAN Wei LEE ChenHan CHEN JiHong XIAO Yao National NC System Engineering Research Center Huazhong University of Science and Technology Institute of Mechanical Manufacturing Technology China Academy of Engineering Physics Aerospace Engineering Department Zhejiang University

G01 code generated by a computer-aided manufacture （CAM） system is the most common form of tool trajeclory in computer numerical control （CNC） machining. A tool path composed of short line segments has discontinuous tangenc t and curvature, generating large fluctuations of feedrate and acceleration, which in turn produces vibration in a machine tool. To obtain a smooth tool path, many methods on tool-path smoothing have been developed. However, the shortcomings i：1 these methods exist when they are employed in a CNC system. It is difficult to simultaneously to guarantee the following requirements of CNC machining：（1） chord error should be rigidly constrained; （2） G01 points should be interpolated; （3） cur,,ature should be continuous （G2）; （4） machining should be applicable to spatial cases; （5） real-time performance of computaEion is *** on these various requirements, this study proposes an interpolation scheme using CUDlC t^ezler curves anu mciuucb illl adjustment strategy to eliminate deficiencies in the tool path. The tool path generated is G2, chord-elror-constrained, G01-point-interpolated, loop-free, and optimized for both stretch and jerk energy. The method is applicable ：o 3D cases and involves only simple algebraic computations. Thus, the algorithm can be applied to real-time CNC machining. A simulation is conducted to validate the efficiency of the algorithm. In addition, an experiment reveals its advantage over Hermite interpola- tion in surface quality and machining efficiency.

关键词： real-time CNC machining stretch energy jerk energy loop-free chord error

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Effects of Aging on Human Gait Stability 8

Effects of Aging on Human Gait Stability

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8th IEEE International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Computing Research, ICCIC 2017

作者： Saleh, Mustafa Maher Parasuraman, S. Deisy, C. Padmavathy, S. Kingsly, D. Singh, Jeba Ahamed Khan, M.K.A. School of Engineering Monash University Malaysia Bandar Sunway Malaysia Dept. of Computer Science Engineering Thiyagarajar College of Engineering Tamilnadu India Department of Mechanical Engineering SRM University Chennai603203 India Faculty of Engineering University Selangor Bestari Jaya Selangor Darul Ehsan45600 Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9781509066209

This project aims to investigate the effects of aging on different gait parameters such as the spatiotemporal, kinetic and kinematic. Previous researches have focused on the effects of muscle fatigue on the gait characteristics under single and dual task conditions and other have focused on the effect of ageing and falls history on the Minimum Foot Clearance (MTC) during level walking. However, what was missing in most of the latest researches is a comprehensive analysis on all the major gait parameters that affect the stability. The findings on this project showed the relationship between the different gait parameters and the effect of such on the human motion stability. Results obtained showed that there is a difference in the cadence and stride length between healthy elderly people and young ones at normal walking speed (4Km/h). The findings also showed that elderly people have localized pressure distribution on their feet and a smaller ankle flexion angle that resulted in lower MTC. All these factors if not properly corrected and controlled can significantly induce fatigue, cause muscle and joints pain and even increase the chances of tripping. © 2017 IEEE.

关键词： Kinematics

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Methane emissions from the Marcellus Shale in southwestern Pennsylvania and northern West Virginia based on airborne measurements

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Journal of Geophysical Research 2017年第8期122卷 4639-4653页

作者： Ren, Xinrong Hall, Dolly L. Vinciguerra, Timothy Benish, Sarah E. Stratton, Phillip R. Ahn, Doyeon Hansford, Jonathan R. Cohen, Mark D. Sahu, Sayantan He, Hao Grimes, Courtney Salawitch, Ross J. Ehrman, Sheryl H. Dickerson, Russell R. Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science University of Maryland College Park MD United States Air Resources Laboratory National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration College Park MD United States Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Maryland College Park MD United States Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Maryland College Park MD United States Department of Computer Science University of Maryland College Park MD United States Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center University of Maryland College Park MD United States

Natural gas production in the U.S. has increased rapidly over the past decade, along with concerns about methane (CH4) leakage (total fugitive emissions), and climate impacts. Quantification of CH4 emissions from oil ... 详细信息

Natural gas production in the U.S. has increased rapidly over the past decade, along with concerns about methane (CH₄) leakage (total fugitive emissions), and climate impacts. Quantification of CH₄ emissions from oil and natural gas (O&NG) operations is important for establishing scientifically sound, cost-effective policies for mitigating greenhouse gases. We use aircraft measurements and a mass balance approach for three flight experiments in August and September 2015 to estimate CH₄ emissions from O&NG operations in the southwestern Marcellus Shale region. We estimate the mean ± 1σ CH₄ emission rate as 36.7 ± 1.9 kg CH₄ s^-1 (or 1.16 ± 0.06 Tg CH₄ yr^-1) with 59% coming from O&NG operations. We estimate the mean ± 1σ CH₄ leak rate from O&NG operations as 3.9 ± 0.4% with a lower limit of 1.5% and an upper limit of 6.3%. This leak rate is broadly consistent with the results from several recent top-down studies but higher than the results from a few other observational studies as well as in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency CH₄ emission inventory. However, a substantial source of CH₄ was found to contain little ethane (C₂H₆), possibly due to coalbed CH₄ emitted either directly from coalmines or from wells drilled through coalbed layers. Although recent regulations requiring capture of gas from the completion venting step of the hydraulic fracturing appear to have reduced losses, our study suggests that for a 20 year time scale, energy derived from the combustion of natural gas extracted from this region will require further controls before it can exert a net climate benefit compared to coal. © 2017. American Geophysical Union.

关键词： methane emission Marcellus climate impact atmospheric composition atmospheric chemistry

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CrowdMove: Autonomous mapless navigation in crowded scenarios

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Fan, Tingxiang Cheng, Xinjing Pan, Jia Manocha, Dinesh Yang, Ruigang Researcher of Robotics and Auto-driving Lab Baidu Research Baidu Inc. Department of Mechanical Biomedical Engineering City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Hong Kong Department of Computer Science University of Maryland College Park United States

Navigation is an essential capability for mobile robots. In this paper, we propose a generalized yet effective 3M (i.e., multi-robot, multi-scenario, and multi-stage) training framework. We optimize a mapless navigation policy with a robust policy gradient algorithm. Our method enables different types of mobile platforms to navigate safely in complex and highly dynamic environments, such as pedestrian crowds. To demonstrate the superiority of our method, we test our methods with four kinds of mobile platforms in four scenarios. Videos are available at http://***/view/crowdmove. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Navigation

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Radial Acceleration and Tully-Fisher Relations in Conformal Gravity

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： O’Brien, James G. Chiarelli, Thomas L. Mannheim, Philip D. Falcone, Mark A. AlQurashi, Muhannad H. Carter, Jordan Department of Mathematics Physics and Computer Science Springfield College SpringfieldMA01109 United States Department of Electromechanical Engineering Wentworth Institute of Technology BostonMA02115 United States Department of Physics University of Connecticut StorrsCT06268 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Wentworth Institute of Technology BostonMA02115 United States

In 2016 McGaugh, Lelli and Schombert established a universal Radial Acceleration Relation for centripetal accelerations in spiral galaxies. Their work showed a strong correlation between observed centripetal accelerations and those predicted by luminous Newtonian matter alone. Through the use of the fitting function that they introduced, mass discrepancies in spiral galaxies can be constrained in a uniform manner that is completely determined by the baryons in the galaxies. Here we present a new empirical plot of the observed centripetal accelerations and the luminous Newtonian expectations, which more than doubles the number of observed data points considered by McGaugh et al. while retaining the Radial Acceleration Relation. If this relation is not to be due to dark matter, it would then have to be due to an alternate gravitational theory that departs from Newtonian gravity in some way. In this paper we show how the candidate alternate conformal gravity theory can provide a natural description of the Radial Acceleration Relation, without any need for dark matter or its free halo parameters. We discuss how the empirical Tully-Fisher relation follows as a consequence of conformal gravity. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Galaxies

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Dense matter with eXTP

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science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2019年第2期62卷 28-44页

作者： Anna L.Watts WenFei Yu Juri Poutanen Shu Zhang Sudip Bhattacharyya Slavko Bogdanov Long Ji Alessandro Patruno Thomas E.Riley Pavel Bakala Altan Baykal Federico Bernardini Ignazio Bombaci Edward Brown Yuri Cavecchi Deepto Chakrabarty Jér?me Chenevez Nathalie Degenaar Melania Del Santo Tiziana Di Salvo Victor Doroshenko Maurizio Falanga Robert D.Ferdman Marco Feroci Angelo F.Gambino MingYu Ge Svenja K.Greif Sebastien Guillot Can Gungor Dieter H.Hartmann Kai Hebeler Alexander Heger Jeroen Homan Rosario Iaria Jean in 't Zand Oleg Kargaltsev Aleksi KurkelaTheoretical Physics department CERN XiaoYu Lai Ang Li XiangDong Li ZhaoSheng Li Manuel Linares FangJun Lu Simin Mahmoodifar Mariano Méndez M.Coleman Miller Sharon Morsink Joonas N?ttil? Andrea Possenti Chanda Prescod-Weinstein JinLu Qu Alessandro Riggio Tuomo Salmi Andrea Sanna Andrea Santangelo Hendrik Schatz Achim Schwenk LiMing Song Eva?rámková Benjamin Stappers Holger Stiele Tod Strohmayer Ingo Tews Laura Tolos Gabriel T?r?k David Tsang Martin Urbanec Andrea Vacchi RenXin Xu YuPeng Xu Silvia Zane GuoBao Zhang ShuangNan Zhang WenDa Zhang ShiJie Zheng Xia Zhou Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy University of Amsterdam Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Tuorla Observatory Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Turku Nordita KTH Royal Institute of Technology and Stockholm University Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory Columbia University Institut für Astronomie und Astrophysik Tübingen Universit?t Tübingen Leiden Observatory Leiden University Research Center for Computational Physics and Data Processing Silesian University in Opava Physics Department Middle East Technical University INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma New York University Abu Dhabi Dipartimento di Fisica Enrico Fermi University of Pisa INFN Italian National Institute for Nuclear Physics Department of Physics and Astronomy Michigan State University Department of Astrophysical Sciences Princeton University Mathematical Sciences and STAG Research Centre University of Southampton MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research DTU Space Technical University of Denmark INAF/IASF Palermo via Ugo La Malfa 153 Universita degli Studi di Palermo Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica International Space Science Institute (ISSI) Faculty of Science University of East Anglia INAF Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologie Spaziali Institut für Kernphysik Technische Universit?t Darmstadt ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH Instituto de Astrof'?sica Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Department of Physics & Astronomy Kinard Lab of Physics Clemson University School of Physics and Astronomy Monash University SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research Department of Physics The George Washington University Faculty of Science and Technology University of Stavanger School of Physics and Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Hubei University of Education Department of Astronomy Xiamen University (Haiyun Campus) School of Astronomy and Space

In this White Paper we present the potential of the Enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry(eXTP) mission for determining the nature of dense matter; neutron star cores host an extreme density regime which cannot be replicated in a terrestrial laboratory. The tightest statistical constraints on the dense matter equation of state will come from pulse profile modelling of accretion-powered pulsars, burst oscillation sources, and rotation-powered pulsars. Additional constraints will derive from spin measurements, burst spectra, and properties of the accretion flows in the vicinity of the neutron star. Under development by an international Consortium led by the Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of sciences, the eXTP mission is expected to be launched in the mid 2020 s.

关键词： neutron X-rays dense matter equation of state

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Effects of periodic waveform wrinkles on ultrasonic reflection characteristics in press forming

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Procedia Manufacturing 2018年 15卷 969-975页

作者： Tengzi Ma Yuji Segawa Yuta Miyazaki Yasuo Marumo Yasuhiro Imamura Tomohiro Nonaka Yutaka Sakata Graduate School of Science and Teachnology Kumamoto University 2-39-1 Kurokami Chuo-ku Kumamoto 860-855 Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of Teachnology Miyakonojo College 473-1 Yoshio-cho Miyakonojo Miyazaki 885-0095 Japan Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology Kumamoto University 2-39-1 Kurokami Chuo-ku Kumamoto 860-8555 Japan Technical Division Faculty of Engineering Kumamoto University 2-39-1 Kurokami Chuo-ku Kumamoto 860-8555 Japan Department of Integrated System Engineering Nishinippon Institute of Technology 1-11 Aratsu Kanda-machi Miyako-gun Fukuoka 800-0394 Japan

A method of investigating the relationship between an ultrasonic reflection characteristic and wrinkles in press forming was demonstrated to prevent wrinkling. An ultrasonic probe was embedded in a die. and the defects were evaluated by measuring the change in the ultrasonic reflection with the contact state between the die and workpiece. The model specimen used instead of the workpiece in the experiment showed periodic waveform wrinkles, and was fabricated by press forming. The relative reflection intensity varied along the wrinkle shape with the ultrasonic irradiation position. Moreover, the contact area between the die and workpiece also varied with the ultrasonic irradiation position. From the obtained results, the reflection ratio of ultrasonic waves and the relative reflection intensity were found to be affected significantly.

关键词： Press forming Defect Detect Wrinkle Ultrasonic wave In-process Reflection intensity Model specimen

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