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On the transferability of post-processing heat treatments designed for PBF-LB IN718 alloys to directed energy deposition specimens

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International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 2025年第7期137卷 3949-3965页

作者： Serrano-Munoz, Itziar Agudo Jácome, Leonardo Thompsom, Sean Schneider, Judy Unter den Eichen 87 BerlinD-12205 Germany Materials Science and Engineering Division Propulsion and Structures Technology Development Directorate FCDD-AMT-MPS HuntsvilleAL35808 United States Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of Alabama in Huntsville HuntsvilleAL35899 United States

Many processes are being developed for metal additive manufacturing (AM) which vary by their heat source and feedstock. The use of directed energy deposition (DED) is growing due to its ability to build larger structures outside of a contained powder bed chamber. However, the only standard exclusively for post-build heat treatment of AM IN718 is ASTM standard F3055-14a, developed for powder bed fusion (PBF). This study evaluates the applicability of this current heat treatment standard to AM IN718 specimens produced using two methods of DED: laser-blown powder (LP)-DED and arc-wire (AW)-DED. Electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques were used to characterize the specimens in the as-built condition and after the full heat treatment (FHT) specified in F3055. No evidence of remaining Laves phase was observed in the two DED specimens after the FHT. Yield strengths for the DED specimens were 1049 MPa for FHT AW-DED and 1096 MPa for LP-DED, higher than the minimum stated for PBF-LB IN718 of 920 MPa. The size, morphology, inter-spacing, and diffraction patterns of the γ´ and γ´´ strengthening precipitates are found to be similar for both DED processes. Differences were observed in the microstructure evolution where the F3055 heat treatments resulted in partial recrystallization of the grain structure, with a higher content of annealing twins observed in the AW-DED. These microstructural differences correlate with differences in the resulting elongation to failure. Thus, it is proposed that variations in heat treatments are needed for optimizing IN718 produced by different AM processes. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： After-heat treatment

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Design and development of an integrated enset processing machine suitable for central highland farmers of west shewa zone Ethiopia

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Discover Agriculture 2025年第1期3卷 1-26页

作者： Jima, Beka Adugna Kolhe, Kishor Purushottam Jiru, Moera Gutu Agricultural Machinery Engineering Program Department of Mechanical Engineering School of Mechanical Chemical and Materials Engineering at Adama Science and Technology University Adama Ethiopia Department of Mechanical Engineering School of Mechanical Chemical and Materials Engineering at Adama Science and Technology University Adama Ethiopia

The development of Integrated Enset processing technology is significant for the easy availability of stable food in the current condition for fulfilling the pangs of hunger in Ethiopia, currently; individual manual technologies such as decortication, corm granting, bulla extraction, and fermenting techniques eventually contribute to utilizing food security such as Kocho, which is not affordable for the marginal farmers of Ethiopia. However, there is a lack of integrated compromise of the all-function process of corm granting, decortication, and pulverization in one machine wholesome of the product such as Kocho, and bulla within consuming time and labor. Therefore, it is decided to design and develop an integrated enset processing machine for central high land of Ethiopian farmers with high-quality production. The physical and mechanical properties of the enset is studied to get an efficient and robust design of the various components. The overall design and development of proposed machine components were carried out at Adama science and Technology University, Ethiopia by using ANSYS 2023 R1 software by considering the engineering economics and material specifications as per ASTM standards. The process parameters of the proposed machine are identified as feed rate, drum speed, concave to drum clearance, power requirement, etc. Also, the enset characteristics were considered as decorticating and granting, fiber cutting resistance, fiber length, dimension, shape, and weight. The overall developed enset integrated machine assembles are analyzed for granting and decorticating with drum clearance and bulla extraction throughput capacity, reliability, simplicity, safety, and overall cost. The machine's safety from a Design Perspective is checked and validated by a simulation study on the critical parts subjected to higher stresses. The cost of available individual decorticators, granting, pulverized, and bulla squeezer machines is costly to the farmer’s community. Theref

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Efficient Recycling of Magnesium Alloys via Partial Distillation Using Gravity-Multiple Effect Thermal System (G-METS)

Efficient Recycling of Magnesium Alloys via Partial Distilla...

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Magnesium Technology Symposium, 2025, held as part of the TMS Annual Meeting and Exhibition, TMS 2025

作者： McArthur Sehar, Daniel Saito, Kenichi Telgerafchi, Armaghan Gallego, Maya Sridhar, Meera Iurkovskyi, Artem Powell, Adam Department of Materials Science and Engineering Program Worcester Polytechnic Institute 100 Institute Rd. WorcesterMA01609 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Shibaura Institute of Technology Tokyo Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering Worcester Polytechnic Institute WorcesterMA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783031810602

MagnesiumMagnesium’s remarkable stiffnessStiffness-to-weight and high strengthStrength-to-weight ratios could enable substantial vehicle lightweighting versus aluminum and steel. However, primary production is very energy- and emissions-intensive, and recyclingRecycling cannot cost-effectively produce magnesiumMagnesium of sufficient purity for die casting and other structural applications. Distillation can produce high-purity magnesiumMagnesium but is capital- and energy-intensive. Gravity-Driven Multiple Effect Thermal System (G-METS) is a continuous low-pressure magnesiumMagnesium distillation process used in primary production or recyclingRecycling in which heat re-use leads to just 0.5–1 kWh energy consumption per kgMg Mg product—which is 80–90% less energy than current Mg distillation. This paper presents new partial distillation experiments showing 99.96% product purity. An industrial distiller design can help to estimate capital costs. New modeling work describes temperature and pressure change in the vapor conduit, energy use and losses in the industrial distiller, and effects of evaporator flow vanes on the separation of volatile elements such as zinc. © The Minerals, Metals & materials Society 2025.

关键词： Magnesium alloys

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Photoplastic effect in organic–inorganic lead iodide perovskite thin films

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Journal of materials science: materials in Energy 2025年第1期1卷 1-6页

作者： Tunesi, Michele Liu, Yulin Lee, Jung-Kun Lucca, Don A. School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Oklahoma State University Stillwater USA Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh USA

The positive photoplastic effect (PPE) and photoinduced stiffening are the reversible increases of the flow stress and the elastic modulus of a material upon irradiation with light. Several material groups, including the II-VI compounds and alkali halides show some form of these effects. The dependence of mechanical properties on light illumination has not been reported for methylammonium lead iodide (CH3NH3PbI3 or MAPbI3) perovskites. In this study a positive PPE and photoinduced stiffening were found in MAPbI3 thin film perovskites. Thin films of 500 nm thickness were synthesized and then polished. The chemical formation of MAPbI3 was verified by x-ray diffraction. Atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize the surface topography. Nanoindentation experiments were performed to investigate the elastic and plastic properties in darkness and under illumination. The elastic modulus and hardness were found to increase by 53% and 67% respectively when the perovskite was illuminated.

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Correction: materials laboratories of the future for alloys, amorphous, and composite materials (MRS Bulletin, (2025), 50, 2, (190-207), 10.1557/s43577-024-00846-y)

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MRS Bulletin 2025年 1-2页

作者： Banerjee, Sarbajit Meng, Y. Shirley Minor, Andrew M. Zhang, Minghao Zaluzec, Nestor J. Chan, Maria K.Y. Seidler, Gerald McComb, David W. Agar, Joshua Mukherjee, Partha P. Melot, Brent Chapman, Karena Guiton, Beth S. Klie, Robert F. McCue, Ian D. Voyles, Paul M. Robertson, Ian Li, Ling Chi, Miaofang Destino, Joel F. Devaraj, Arun Marquis, Emmanuelle A. Segre, Carlo U. Liu, Huinan H. Yang, Judith C. Momeni, Kasra Misra, Amit Abdolrahim, Niaz Medvedeva, Julia E. Cai, Wenjun Sehirlioglu, Alp Dizbay-Onat, Melike Mehta, Apurva Graham-Brady, Lori Maruyama, Benji Rajan, Krishna Warner, Jamie H. Taheri, Mitra L. Kalinin, Sergei V. Reeja-Jayan, B. Schwarz, Udo D. Simon, Sindee L. Brown, Craig M. Department of Chemistry and Department of Materials Science & Engineering Texas A & M University College Station United States Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering The University of Chicago Chicago United States Department of Materials Science & Engineering University of California Berkeley Berkeley United States National Center for Electron Microscopy Molecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley United States Center for Nanoscale Materials Argonne National Laboratory Lemont United States Department of Physics University of Washington Seattle United States Department of Materials Science & Engineering The Ohio State University Columbus United States Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics Drexel University Philadelphia United States School of Mechanical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette United States Department of Chemistry University of Southern California Los Angeles United States Department of Chemistry Stony Brook University The State University of New York Stony Brook United States Department of Chemistry University of Kentucky Lexington United States Department of Physics University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago United States Department of Materials Science & Engineering Northwestern University Evanston Bangladesh Department of Materials Science & Engineering University of Wisconsin–Madison Madison United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia United States Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke University Durham United States Department of Chemistry Creighton University Omaha United States Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland United States Department of Materials Science & Engineering University of Michigan–Ann Arbor Ann Arbor United States Department of Physics Illinois Institute of Technology Chicago United States Department of Bioengineering and the Mater

This article was updated to correct Minghao Zhang’s affiliation from "Pritzker School of Molecular engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, USA" to "Pritzker School of Molecular engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, USA;Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, USA." Argonne National Laboratory was left off the original publication. © The Author(s) 2025.

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The Investigation of Microstructure and mechanical Property of Incorporation of Cerium Oxide to AA2219 Through Liquid Forging Technique

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Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series D 2025年第1期106卷 9-17页

作者： Karthik, A. Karunanithi, R. Srinivasan, S.A. Kumareshbabu, S.P. Department of Mechanical Engineering B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology Seethakathi Estate Vandalur Tamil Nadu Chennai600048 India Department of Aerospace Engineering B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology Seethakathi Estate Vandalur Tamil Nadu Chennai600048 India Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli Tanjore Main Road National Highway 67 Tamil Nadu Tiruchirappalli620015 India

In this study, an attempt is made to prepare aluminum metal matrix composites of AA2219 with varying reinforcement of weight percentages of cerium oxide (X = 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2%) by liquid metallurgy technique involving liquid forging operation. The incorporation of rare earth oxide to AA2219 through liquid forging technique offers excellent solubility of the solute atom along with near-net shape capability, higher materials property, and reduced porosity level when compared with conventional casting route. The reinforcement of cerium oxide improves mobility, casting microstructure, reduces shrinkage and hot tearing tendency of AA2219. The AA2219 composites sample were casted at the following process parameter such as the applied pressure load 350 MPa, the heating die temperature 200 °C, melt temperature 750 °C, and 60 s dwell time. The main objective was to determine the effect of CeO2 particles on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AA2219 composites through liquid forging technique. X-ray diffraction studies revealed the presence of intermetallic phase present in the composites and the presence of CeO2 confirmed by EDS analysis. Scanning electron microscopy images showed a homogeneous distribution of CeO2 particles within the matrix and the grain boundaries. The reinforcement of CeO2 increase hardness of the composites with a maximum hardness of 123 VHN observed for 2 wt% CeO2 with AA2219. The tensile test indicated the significant effect of the CeO2 particles with an ultimate tensile strength of 232 MPa and 87 MPa yield strength when compared to the unreinforced material was around 130 Mpa and 75 MPa, respectively. Fractography showed ductile fracture mode failure and the increase in CeO2 decrease the level of strain rate. © The Institution of Engineers (India) 2020.

关键词： Microstructure

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WE43 Surface Composite with Oxide Particles by Friction Stir Processing

WE43 Surface Composite with Oxide Particles by Friction Stir...

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Magnesium Technology Symposium, 2025, held as part of the TMS Annual Meeting and Exhibition, TMS 2025

作者： Ghauri, Hamza Faisal Shunmugasamy, Vasanth C. Mansoor, Bilal Department of Materials Science and Engineering Texas A&M University College StationTX77840 United States Mechanical Engineering Program Texas A&M University at Qatar Doha Qatar Department of Mechanical Engineering Texas A&M University College StationTX77840 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783031810602

WE43WE43 has superior mechanical and corrosionCorrosion performance compared to other magnesium alloysMagnesium alloy but surface treatments, mechanical processes, and heat treatments to further enhance its properties continue to be explored. Here we present our preliminary findings about a WE43WE43surface compositeSurface composite with oxide particles produced using friction stir processingFriction stir processing. Significant grain refinement, precipitate redistribution, and increase in microhardness by 25% were achieved in processed regions compared to base material. CorrosionCorrosion testing in 0.9% NaCl solution revealed that the FSP-treated material exhibited a 196% lower Icorr and a more stable open circuit potential (OCP) than cast WE43WE43, suggesting superior corrosion resistanceCorrosion resistance. While the findings promise suitability of the processed alloy for a more intensive range of operating conditions than the cast alloy, further work to study the effect of the size, volume, and composition of the oxide reinforcements needs to be carried out. © The Minerals, Metals & materials Society 2025.

关键词： Grain refinement

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Anomalous properties of spark plasma sintered boron nitride solids

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materials Today 2025年 86卷 42-51页

作者： Biswas, Abhijit Serles, Peter Alvarez, Gustavo A. Schimpf, Jesse Hache, Michel Kong, Jonathan Demingos, Pedro Guerra Yuan, Bo Pieshkov, Tymofii S. Li, Chenxi Puthirath, Anand B. Gao, Bin Gray, Tia Zhang, Xiang Murukeshan, Jishnu Vajtai, Robert Dai, Pengcheng Singh, Chandra Veer Howe, Jane Zou, Yu Martin, Lane W. Clancy, James Patrick Tian, Zhiting Filleter, Tobin Ajayan, Pulickel M. Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering University of Toronto 5 King's College Road TorontoM5S 3G8 Canada Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California Berkeley94720 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Toronto 184 College St TorontoM5S 3E4 Canada Department of Physics and Astronomy McMaster University HamiltonL8S 4M1 Canada Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley94720 United States

Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) is a brittle ceramic with a layered structure, however, recent experiments have suggested that inter-layer structural engineering could be key to new structural and functional properties. Here we report the scalable bulk synthesis of high-density crystalline h-BN solids, by using high-temperature spark plasma sintering (SPS) of h-BN powders, which show high values of mechanical strength, ductility, dielectric constant, thermal conductivity, and exceptional neutron radiation shielding capability. Through exhaustive characterizations we reveal that SPS induces non-basal plane crystallinity, twisting of layers, and facilitates inter-grain fusion with a high degree of in-plane alignment across macroscale dimensions, resulting in near-theoretical density and improved properties. Our findings highlight the importance of material design, via new approaches such as layer twisting and interlayer interconnections, to create novel ceramics with properties that could go beyond their intrinsic limits. © 2025

关键词： Ductility

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Effect of Sn addition on electrochemical activity of ribbons of Mg-Al-Ca anode material for rechargeable magnesium batteries fabricated by rapid solidification

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Keikinzoku/Journal of Japan Institute of Light Metals 2025年第1期75卷 9-13页

作者： Fukuta, Yoshitaka Kikura, Kensei Tsukeda, Tadayoshi Aida, Tetsuo Tabata, Hironobu Kurihara, Hideki Suzuki, Mayumi Program of Materials Science and Engineering Studies in Science and Engineering Graduate School of Science and Engineering University of Toyama 3190 Gofuku Toyama-shi Toyama930-8555 Japan Graduate School of Science and Engineering University of Toyama Toyama-shi Toyama Japan Faculty of Sustainable Design Academic Assembly University of Toyama Toyama-shi Toyama Japan CHUETSU METAL WORKS CO. LTD. Nakaniikawagun Toyama Japan Saitama Industrial technology Center Kawaguchi-shi Saitama Japan Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering Faculty of Engineering Toyama Prefectural University Imizu-shi Toyama Japan

Magnesium-based batteries are potential candidates for next-generation rechargeable batteries due to the divalent nature of magnesium cations and the natural abundance of magnesium resources. In this study, the electrochemical activity of Mg-6mass%Al-3mass%Ca anodes combined with Sn was investigated. Thin ribbons of the anode specimens were prepared by a single-roll rapid solidification method. The results showed that the electrochemical activity increased upon adding 1 mass% Sn, while it decreased for 3 mass% Sn. Based on the results of an X-ray diffraction analysis, the addition of Sn led to the formation of Mg2Sn and Ca2Sn phases, which increased the lattice distortion. Scanning electron microscopy observations indicated that these secondary phases were homogeneously distributed for 1 mass% Sn addition, while they were coarsely distributed for 3 mass% Sn. © 2025 The Japan Institute of Light Metals.

关键词： X ray diffraction analysis

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Ultrafast, High-Intensity Laser Material Interaction in Polycrystalline Alumina Transparent Ceramics

SSRN

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Chong, Poh Yin Wu, Xingzhong Castillo, Gabriel R. Garay, Javier E. Laboratory Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA92093 United States

High-intensity pulsed laser-material interaction is a complicated process involving various laser parameters and material properties, and the coupling of these factors affects material modifications. This study investigates the laser-material interactions of single-crystal alumina (SCA) and transparent polycrystalline alumina (PCA). To understand the underlying mechanism of laser-induced modifications, single-shot irradiations are conducted using an ultrafast laser (λ = 1030 nm, τρ = 490 fs). This experiment focuses on the high-intensity regime from 1012 W/cm2 to 1015 W/cm2, generating high temperatures and pressure causing modifications (melting, ablation, and fracture). While SCA and PCA are fundamentally Al2O3, the difference in microstructure alters the optical and mechanical properties. The ablation depth shows a sublinear power law relationship with laser intensity for both materials although the energy dependence is lower for PCA. The differences can be attributed to different damage mechanisms;the laser-induced craters in SCA exhibit predominantly melting whereas PCA demonstrates fracture-like morphologies. The fracture in PCA is surprising given its higher indent-produced fracture resistance. The differences in fracture behavior can be reconciled considering the much higher pressure application rates produced by laser pulsing. PCA has a lower laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) than SCA. Laser-induced crater area and volume increase linearly with laser fluence and peak intensity. Altering the focusing conditions can change the LIDT and expand the laser processing window. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Single crystals

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