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Performance enhancement of gas cyclone with streamlined ports using CFD simulations

Journal of engineering and Applied science 2025年第1期72卷 1-32页

作者： Soliman, Moustafa M. El-shaer, Yasser Elsayed, Khairy Ibrahim, Mohamed A. Department of Mechatronics Engineering Faculty of Engineering October 6 University Giza 6th of October City12585 Egypt Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Technology Smart Village Campus Arab Academy for Science Technology & Maritime Transport Giza Egypt Mechanical Power Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering - Mataria Helwan University Masaken ElHelmia P.O. Cairo11718 Egypt

Cyclones are extensively utilized as gas-solid separators in many industries such as pharmaceuticals, food processing, and powder handling often use mini cyclones for efficient dust collection, air filtration, and contaminant separation in compact systems. The impact of the cyclone vortex finder (VF) diameter, the VF inlet bell mouth shape, and the VF inlet curvature on both flow field distribution and performance has been analyzed through computational analysis employing the Reynolds stress turbulence model (RSM) for twelve cyclone separators. The results demonstrate that decreasing the diameter of the VF by 33% elevates the ultimate tangential velocity by 66%. The ultimate tangential velocity nearly reaches four times the inlet velocity. A reduction of 14% in the VF inlet curvature results in a 6% enlarging in the pressure loss. Enhancing the bell mouth configuration of the inlet VF by 25% decreases the maximum pressure by 3.7%. Increasing the diameter of the VF, the VF inlet curvature, and the VF inlet bell mouth shape will also lead to reduced x50. The cyclone with no curvature exhibits lower pressure and tangential velocity compared to the cyclones with curvature and radius of bell mouth shape of (DX/D) ratio equal 0.5. However, all the three cyclones have the same ratio. Cyclones A0 and C1 have the highest collection efficiency of all cyclone models. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Bells

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Janus orthogonal nanofiber membrane containing CPP@PDA for skull base reconstruction

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材料科学技术（英文版） 2025年第1期204卷 314-327页

作者： Xiaomei Xia Ziyang Liu Hongshui Wang Yazhou Hu Werner E.G.Müller Xiaohong Wang Kun Qin Jiantao Zheng Huan Zhou Lei Yang Chunyong Liang School of Materials Science and Engineering Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300130China Center for Health Science and Engineering Hebei Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Smart TheranosticsSchool of Health Sciences and Biomedical EngineeringHebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300131China Department of Orthopedics Tianjin HospitalTianjin 300299China Center for Health Science and Engineering Hebei Key Laboratory of Biomaterials and Smart TheranosticsSchool of Health Sciences and Biomedical EngineeringHebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300131China School of Materials Science and Engineering Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300130China ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg UniversityDuesbergweg 6D-55128 MainzGermany Department of Neurosurgery Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital(Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences)Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510180China

In neurosurgery procedures,cerebrospinal fluid leakage is a commonly encountered ***-constructing skull base defects with patch materials can reduce the risk of cerebrospinal fluid leakage which can lead to serious issues such as infection,meningitis,arachnoiditis,and delayed wound *** ideal skull base reconstruction material should not only serve as a leak-proof barrier but also pro-mote skull base bone *** fulfill this challenge,this research designed and fabricated a Janus orthogonal bilayer nanofiber membrane(OPCL/PG-PCPP).The aligned PCL(APCL)nanofibers were con-stituted as the top layer to resist cerebrospinal fluid leakage,while the perpendicular PCL/gelatin(APG)fibers with calcium polyphosphate encapsulated polydopamine nanoparticles(CPP@PDA,labeled as PCPP)were designed as the bottom layer(APG-PCPP)to facilitate osteoblast migration and osteogenic *** these,APG-1％PCPP nanofibers demonstrated the most effective induction of osteogenic differentiation in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(rBMSCs).Subsequent in vivo animal experi-ments revealed that the bone surface area(BS),bone volume fraction(BV/TV),and number of trabec-ulae(Tb.N)in the APG-1％PCPP group were twice as high as those in the control group,which confirmed the good osteogenic ***,due to its unique leak-proof and osteoinductive properties,the OPCL/PG-PCPP membrane holds promise as an applicable skull base reconstruction material in the field of neurosurgery.

关键词： Skull base reconstruction Calcium polyphosphate Orthogonal nanofiber membrane Cell migration

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Untargeted metabolic profiling of Zygophyllum Coccineum plant near the Red Sea for phytochemical investigation by GC-MS, LC-MS, and NMR

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Journal of Saudi Chemical Society 2025年第1期29卷 1-23页

作者： Singh, Upendra Almahasheer, Hanan Emwas, Abdul Hamid Jaremko, Mariusz Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Makkah 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Department of Biology College of Science Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (IAU) Dammam 31441-1982 Saudi Arabia Core Lab of NMR King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Makkah 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Smart-Health Initiative (SHI) and Red Sea Research Center (RSRC) Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Makkah 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia

This study conducts a comprehensive metabolomic profiling of the Zygophyllum (Z) coccineum plant, a halophyte prevalent in Saudi Arabia and Egypt, employing gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS), liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC–MS), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Recognizing the plant’s significance in traditional medicine, we explore its adaptative mechanisms and potential pharmacological applications through the identification of metabolites. Various solvents, namely acetonitrile–water (AcW), isopropanol-methanol–water (IMW), and methanol–water (MW) were utilized for metabolite extraction. Our results reveal a diverse spectrum of metabolites, including amino acids, sugars, organic acids, alkaloids, steroids, and terpenoids, with significant variations in extraction efficiency and metabolite composition across solvents. Identified metabolites indicate the reason for using Z. coccineum leaves as traditional medicine in Saudi Arabia, and Egypt because of consist of several phytochemical metabolites used for the treatment of diabetes, kidney diseases, cancer, urinary tract secretions, dental pain, tumors, stomach pain, smallpox, asthma, rheumatism, gout, infections, hypertension, burns, and blood pressure, found in the extractions by the three different solvents on the analysis through GC/LC–MS spectrometry. Identified metabolites and their statistical analyses, including principal component analysis (PCA) and variable importance in projection (VIP), indicated that AcW in GC–MS provides a superior number of metabolites, clustering, and variability statistical analysis, while MW excels in LC–MS metabolic profiling and their statistical analysis compared to other solvents. These multilayers of solvents and analytical techniques approach underscores the importance of solvents in enhancing metabolomic studies, thereby facilitating a deeper understanding of the phytochemicals within Z. coccineum and their medicinal potential. Enhancin

关键词： GC/LC–MS&NMR Metabolomics Phytochemicals Salt-plant

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Design oligoporous-core based multimode fiber for mode division multiplexing applications

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Optical and Quantum Electronics 2025年第5期57卷 1-24页

作者： Mitu, Sumaiya Akhtar Abdulrazak, Lway Faisal Ibrahim, Sobhy M. Tahhan, Shaymaa R. Hossain, Md Bellal Ahmed, Kawsar Bui, Francis M. Chen, Li Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Asia Pacific Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Information and Communication Technology Group of Bio-photomatiχ Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University Santosh Tangail Bangladesh Department of Computer Science Cihan University Sulaimaniya Sulaimaniya Kurdistan Region Iraq Department of Biochemistry College of Science King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia Department of Laser and Optoelectronics Engineering College of Engineering Al-Nahrain University Jadriya Baghdad Iraq School of Electrical and Information Engineering The University of Sydney Sydney Australia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Canada Health Informatics Research Lab Department of Computer Science and Engineering Daffodil International University Daffodil Smart City Birulia Dhaka Bangladesh

A polarization-maintaining oligoporous-core-based multi-mode fiber is proposed. By tuning the air hole, as well as the core number, shape, size, and position up to 28 distinct linearly polarized (LP) modes are obtained. The Finite Element Method (FEM) is used to perform the numerical investigations. In addition, various materials combinations are used as a doping with silica which is highly helpful to increase or decrease the refractive index of the core material. The multimode fiber is identified by the normalized frequency or V parameter. Besides, the high birefringence value, low loss value, minimum crosstalk with high sensitivity response of $$1.46\times {10}^{-2}$$ , $$2\times {10}^{-11}$$ dB/m, 41.80 dB and 88,280.46 nm/RIU, respectively, are achieved from the numerical investigations over the wavelength range from 1.55 µm to1.65 µm for the different LP modes. Moreover, good responses also obtain for the numerical aperture, V number, coupling length and other parameters. In the end, every value reveals both an easy-to-fabricate structure design as well as adequate performance analysis. The suggested fiber structure can support many modes and might be applicable in the field of optical communications and spatial multiplexing based on the user demand.

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Markerless Sagittal Gait Analysis of Cerebral Palsy in Children Using Pose Estimation Techniques

Markerless Sagittal Gait Analysis of Cerebral Palsy in Child...

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Innovation in Computing and engineering (ICE), International Conference on

作者： Vinay Kumar Vats Chandra Prakash Amandeep Kaur Rajesh Kumar Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Delhi India Computational Intelligence and Smart Motion Research (CISMR) Lab SVNIT Surat India Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur India Department of Human Anatomy and Physiology Faculty of Health Sciences University of Johannesburg Johannesburg South Africa

ISBN: (数字)9798350380460

ISBN: (纸本)9798350380477

Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a neurological disorder affecting children’s motor function and posture. Early detection and monitoring of Cerebral palsy is crucial for effective intervention and improved quality of life. Gait analysis is a critical tool for assessing motor function in children with cerebral palsy, often requiring controlled environments and markers for accuracy. Markerless gait analysis has emerged as a promising tool for objectively evaluating gait abnormalities in children with CP. In this study, we propose a markerless methodology utilising pose estimation to analyse gait patterns from sagittal video recordings captured in unconstrained environments. The dataset consists of 49 children, including 10 typically developing children and 39 with cerebral palsy, focusing on side-view videos for the analysis. Given the motor disabilities of these children, conducting gait analysis in a constrained environment can alter their natural walking patterns, making our approach particularly advantageous. Then we identify the key gait events, heel strike and toe-off, to distinguish gait between cycles by tracing knee joint movements. This technique demonstrates the potential for practical, non-invasive gait assessment in natural settings, offering insights into the distinct gait characteristics of children with cerebral palsy compared to their typically developing peers.

关键词： Legged locomotion Neurological diseases Cerebral palsy Technological innovation Pose estimation Motors Motion control Gait recognition Video recording Monitoring

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Improving partial weight bearing compliance with a smart insole: Validity, reliability, and feasibility study

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Foot and Ankle Surgery 2025年

作者： Avcı, Ender Ersin Akgün, Gazi Uygur, Mehmet Esat Polat, Mine Gülden Demirbüken, İlkşan Marmara University Health Sciences Faculty Department of Physiotherapy Education and Informatics Istanbul Turkey University of Tennessee at Chattanooga College of Engineering and Computer Science (CECS) Department of Engineering Management & Technology /Mechatronics United States Istanbul Medeniyet University Medicine Faculty Surgical Sciences Orthopaedic and Traumatology Istanbul Turkey

Background: Partial weight bearing (PWB) plays a critical role in early stages of rehabilitation following lower-extremity orthopedic surgery. However, it has been reported patients often have difficulty complying with PWB restrictions, particularly in home setting. The newly designed smart insole system aims to address this issue by remotely monitoring the patient's weight-bearing loads and providing real-time feedback for non-compliant weight-bearing to support PWB compliance. The aim of this study was to assess the validity and reliability of the system in measuring weight-bearing loads and to investigate its feasibility in improving PWB compliance. Methods: The research involved two phases: an experimental design to test validity and reliability in a clinical setting, and a randomized controlled design to test feasibility with remote monitoring at home. Validity and reliability were assessed on a healthy subject using simultaneous load measurements from a smart insole and a force plate under three metronome conditions (30,40, and 60bpm). In the feasibility phase, twelve patients who had undergone microfracture surgery for talar osteochondral lesions were recruited at 4 weeks postoperatively. Participants used Android smartphones and met Ferkel & Scaglione classification criteria I, IIA, and IIB. They were randomized into groups with feedback (FB) or without feedback (NFB) and their compliance with PWB limits was monitored remotely 24-hours for one week using the Insole system. Results: The insole demonstrated high reliability (SEM:1.67 N, ICC_1.1:0.97) and, excellent agreement with the force plate (R²=0.9175, p < 0.001). The FB group achieved higher compliance with prescribed PWB thresholds compared to the NFB group. Conclusions: The newly developed insole system is a valid and reliable rehabilitation tool for accurately measuring weight bearing loads. The system's ability to provide continuous remote patient monitoring and real-time feedbac

关键词： Feedback Gait Mobile Applications Patient Compliance Postoperative Care Rehabilitation

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SG-GAN: Fine Stereoscopic-Aware Generation for 3D Brain Point Cloud Up-Sampling From a Single Image

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IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computational Intelligence 2025年

作者： Hu, Bowen Yao, Weiheng Qiao, Sibo Pham, Hieu Wang, Shuqiang Ng, Michael Kwok-Po Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Shenzhen518055 China Tiangong University School of Software Tianjin300387 China VinUniversity College of Engineering and Computer Science VinUni-Illinois Smart Health Center Hanoi100000 Viet Nam Hong Kong Baptist University Department of Mathematics Hong Kong

In minimally-invasive brain surgeries with indirect and narrow operating environments, 3D brain reconstruction is crucial. However, as requirements of accuracy for some new minimally-invasive surgeries (such as brain-computer interface surgery) are higher and higher, the outputs of conventional 3D reconstruction, such as point cloud (PC), are facing the challenges that sample points are too sparse and the precision is insufficient. On the other hand, there is a scarcity of high-density point cloud datasets, which makes it challenging to train models for direct reconstruction of high-density brain point clouds. In this work, a novel model named stereoscopic-aware graph generative adversarial network (SG-GAN) with two stages is proposed to generate fine high-density PC conditioned on a single image. The Stage-I GAN sketches the primitive shape and basic structure of the organ based on the given image, yielding Stage-I point clouds. The Stage-II GAN takes the results from Stage-I and generates high-density point clouds with detailed features. The Stage-II GAN is capable of correcting defects and restoring the detailed features of the region of interest (ROI) through the up-sampling process. Furthermore, a parameter-free-attention-based free-transforming module is developed to learn the efficient features of input, while upholding a promising performance. Comparing with the existing methods, the SG-GAN model shows superior performance in terms of visual quality, objective measurements, and performance in classification, as demonstrated by comprehensive results measured by several evaluation metrics including PC-to-PC error and Chamfer distance. © 2017 IEEE.

关键词： 3D reconstruction

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Sulfated flavonoids: An updated and comprehensive review of their chemistry and bioactivities

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Phytochemistry Reviews 2025年 1-56页

作者： Mohammed, Hamdoon A. Ragab, Ehab A. Dutta, Ayindrila Othman, Ahmed Shaheen, Usama Jaremko, Mariusz Badshah, Syed Lal Dhahri, Manel Al-Younis, Inas Al-Rimawi, Fuad Abouzied, Amr S. Emwas, Abdul-Hamid Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy College of Pharmacy Qassim University Buraydah 52571 Saudi Arabia Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Faculty of Pharmacy Al-Azhar University Cairo Egypt Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia Smart-Health Initiative (SHI) and Red Sea Research Center (RSRC) Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry Indiana University Bloomington 47405 IN United States Biology Department Faculty of Science Taibah University Yanbu 46423 Saudi Arabia Biological and Environmental Sciences & Engineering Division 4700 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Chemistry Department Faculty of Science and Technology Al-Quds University P.O. Box 20002 Jerusalem Palestine Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry College of Pharmacy University of Hail Hail 81442 Saudi Arabia Imaging and Characterization Core Lab King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia

Sulfated flavonoids, also named flavonoid sulfates, are a class of polyphenol derivatives from various plants often with a long history of use in traditional medicine around the world, that play an important role in secondary metabolism, chemical defense, and growth regulation of plants, and with significant and potential health benefits. Sulfated flavonoids are produced by a substitution reaction of a flavonoid moiety and a sulfate donor, where transfer of a sulfate group to hydroxyl groups in the flavonoid structure is catalyzed, either naturally or synthetically, by the enzyme sulfotransferase. Of note, several monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plant families have been reported for their content of sulfated flavonoids. Various medically important bioactivities have been reported for sulfated flavonoids, including antitumor, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, and antiviral properties, and which we discuss in this review. The present review focuses on sulfated flavonoids extracted from plants but also discuss some chemically synthesized sulfated flavonoids explored, e.g., for their (potential) anticoagulant properties. This review aims to summarize the published data on naturally occurring and synthetic sulfated flavonoids, paying particular attention to their structural variations and occurrence, biosynthesis aspects, methods of identification, extraction and isolation, and biological activities. The review covers literature published in English, spanning the entire period from the first report in 1971 to January 2025. Finally, the current work emphasizes this class of compounds as a source of potential candidates for the development of new pharmaceutical drugs with beneficial bioactivities. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2025.

关键词： Anti-coagulant Anti-inflammatory Anticancer Antimicrobial activity Antioxidants Biological activity Flavonoid sulfates Isolation Molecular identification Spectral data Sulfated flavonoids

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Quantifying the reach-and-grasp practice using novel wearable technology: Application in a stroke rehabilitation setting

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Journal of Hand Therapy 2025年

作者： Yang, Chieh-ling Cheng, Ya-Yuan Lin, Chu-Hsu Menon, Carlo Eng, Janice J. Department of Occupational Therapy Chang Gung University Taoyuan City Taiwan Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chiayi Taiwan Department of Physical Therapy Faculty of Medicine University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada Biomedical and Mobile Health Technology Lab Department of Health Sciences and Technology ETH Zurich Switzerland MENRVA Research Group Schools of Mechatronic Systems Engineering and Engineering Science Simon Fraser University Canada Centre for Aging SMART at Vancouver Coastal Health Vancouver BC Canada

Background: Wrist-worn accelerometers have been used to measure the intensity of upper extremity (UE) practice, but their primary focus is on general arm usage, lacking the ability to capture reaching and grasping of the hand that are relevant for rehabilitation. Purpose: We aimed to explore the potential of a novel wrist-worn sensor as a meaningful measure for quantifying the amount of reaching and grasping practice during a structured UE exercise session for stroke. Study Design: A cross-sectional study. Methods: Fourteen individuals with stroke wore sensor devices (TENZR) on both wrists while performing a structured UE exercise program comprising of 35 exercises. Counts recorded from observation (observed repetitions) and counts from the sensor device (sensor counts) were used to describe the amount of UE practice. The level of agreement between the observed repetitions and sensor counts were examined to determine if the TENZR is a meaningful measure. We also explore if the sensor counts were affected by the level of UE impairment. Results: The participants performed 792 observed reach and grasp repetitions, with corresponding 711 and 465 sensor counts for the paretic hand and nonparetic hand, respectively, over the hour practice session. The TENZR and the observational method might measure UE movement differently, as evidenced by a lack of agreement between observed repetitions and sensor counts in the paretic hand. No significant relationship between the sensor counts in the paretic hand and the level of impairment was found. Conclusions: This study used the TENZR to quantify reaching and grasping practice and characterize individual participation pattern for both paretic and nonparetic hands in stroke rehabilitation. The device is an alternative to direct observation for quantifying the intensity of reach-and-grasp practice. In the future, this device could expand to home-based rehabilitation and telehealth services, enabling objective monitoring and tracking

关键词： Grasp Rehabilitation Stroke Upper extremity Wearable technology

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Canonical Shape Reconstruction with SE(3) Equivariance Learning for Weakly-Supervised Object Pose Estimation

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IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video technology 2025年

作者： Zhou, Jun Chen, Kai Wei, Mingqiang Zhang, Xiao-Ping Dou, Qi Qin, Jing Hong Kong Polytechnic University Center of Smart Health School of Nursing Hong Kong Hong Kong Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hong Kong Hong Kong Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics School of Computer Science and Technology Nanjing China Tsinghua University Shenzhen Ubiquitous Data Enabling Key Lab Shenzhen International Graduate School Shenzhen China

6D object pose estimation from a single RGB-D image is a fundamental problem in computer vision and robot manipulation. Despite recent advancements, existing methods still suffer several limitations. First of all, the object shape representation extracted from the depth map is often less expressive because the object point cloud parsed from the depth map is highly incomplete due to the object self-occlusion and noisy due to the sensor artifacts. This shape representation issue further intensifies when lacking sufficient labeled data for model training, which unfortunately is another typical problem for object pose estimation considering the heavy annotation cost for real-world pose labeling. In this study, we propose to tackle the above issues in a unified way. First, we enhance the object shape representation from the partial point cloud with a novel canonical shape reconstruction module, in which an implicit canonical frame is established by incorporating the SE(3) equivariance, achieving implicit feature alignment of the partial point cloud inputs, leading to robust shape recovery. Second, based on the enhanced object representation, we further utilize the decanonicalized and pose-dependent completed object shape as the training signal, and develop a novel weakly-supervised learning framework to leverage both labeled synthetic data and unlabeled real data to train the pose estimation model in a label-efficient way. Extensive experiments on three widely used benchmarks demonstrate the effectiveness, and superiority of our framework over state-of-the-art methods. © 1991-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Self-supervised learning

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