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NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021年第4期16卷 479-479页

作者： Tan, Darren H. S. Banerjee, Abhik Chen, Zheng Meng, Ying Shirley Department of NanoEngineering University of California San Diego La Jolla CA USA Program of Chemical Engineering University of California San Diego La Jolla CA USA Sustainable Power & Energy Center (SPEC) University of California San Diego La Jolla CA USA

CRISPR/Cas9 mediated somatic gene therapy for insertional mutations:the vibrator mouse model

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Precision Clinical Medicine 2021年第3期4卷 168-175页

作者： Xin Fu Jie Zhu Yaou Duan Paul Lu Kang Zhang Spine Center Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200092China Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510623China Department of Nanoengineering Chemical Engineering Programand Moores Cancer CenterUniversity of California at San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA VA-San Diego Healthcare System San DiegoCA 92161USA Department of Neurosciences University of California at San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA Center for Biomedicine and Innovations Faculty of MedicineMacao University of Science and TechnologyMacaoChina

Somatic gene therapy remains technically challenging,especially in the central nervous system(CNS).Efficiency of gene delivery,efficacy in recipient cells,and proportion of cells required for overall benefit are the key points needed to be considered in any therapeutic *** efforts have demonstrated the efficacy of RNA-guided nucleases such as CRISPR/Cas9 in correcting point mutations or removing dominant *** we used viral delivered Cas9 plasmid and two guide RNAs to remove a recessive insertional mutation,vibrator(vb),in the mouse *** vb mice expressed∼20%of normal levels of phosphatidylinositol transfer protein,α(PITPα)RNA and protein due to an endogenous retrovirus inserted in intron 4,resulting in early-onset tremor,degeneration of brainstem and spinal cord neurons,and juvenile *** in situ CRISPR/Cas9 viral treatment effectively delayed neurodegeneration,attenuated tremor,and bypassed juvenile *** studies demonstrate the potential of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene therapy for insertional mutations in the postnatal brain.

关键词： somatic gene editing neurodegenerative disease vibrator mouse model CRISPR/Cas9 Pitpna

Controlled synthetic chirality in macroscopic assemblies of carbon nanotubes

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Doumani, Jacques Lou, Minhan Dewey, Oliver Hong, Nina Fan, Jichao Baydin, Andrey Yomogida, Yohei Yanagi, Kazuhiro Pasquali, Matteo Saito, Riichiro Kono, Junichiro Gao, Weilu Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley–Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Utah Salt Lake CityUT United States Carbon Hub Rice University HoustonTX United States Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Rice University HoustonTX United States J.A. Woollam Co. Inc. LincolnNE United States Smalley–Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX United States Department of Physics Tokyo Metropolitan University Tokyo Japan Department of Chemistry Rice University HoustonTX United States Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX United States Department of Physics Tohoku University Sendai Japan Department Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX United States

There is an emerging recognition that successful utilization of chiral degrees of freedom can bring new scientific and technological opportunities to diverse research areas. Hence, methods are being sought for creating artificial matter with controllable chirality in an uncomplicated and reproducible manner. Here, we report the development of two straightforward methods for fabricating wafer-scale chiral architectures of ordered carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with tunable and giant circular dichroism (CD). Both methods employ simple approaches, (i) mechanical rotation and (ii) twist-stacking, based on controlled vacuum filtration and do not involve any sophisticated nanofabrication processes. We used a racemic mixture of CNTs as the starting material, so the intrinsic chirality of chiral CNTs is not responsible for the observed chirality. In particular, by controlling the stacking angle and handedness in (ii), we were able to maximize the CD response and achieve a record-high deep-ultraviolet ellipticity of 40 ± 1 mdeg/nm. Our theoretical simulations using the transfer matrix method reproduce the salient features of the experimentally observed CD spectra and further predict that a film of twist-stacked CNTs with an optimized thickness will exhibit an ellipticity as high as 150 mdeg/nm. The created wafer-scale objects represent a new class of synthetic chiral matter consisting of ordered quantum wires whose macroscopic properties are governed by nanoscopic electronic signatures such as van Hove singularities. These artificial structures with engineered chirality will not only provide playgrounds for uncovering new chiral phenomena but also open up new opportunities for developing high-performance chiral photonic and optoelectronic devices. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Carbon nanotubes

Development of a Selective Wet-chemical Etchant for 3D Structuring of Silicon via Nonlinear Laser Lithography

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Borra, Mona Zolfaghari Radfar, Behrad Nasser, Hisham Çolakoğlu, Tahir Tokel, Onur Turnalı, Ahmet Demirtaş, Merve Ustunel, Hande Toffoli, Daniele Ömer İlday, F. Turan, Raşit Pavlov, Ihor Bek, Alpan ODTÜ-GÜNAM Middle East Technical University Ankara06800 Turkey Ankara06800 Turkey Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering Aalto University Tietotie 3 EspooFI-02150 Finland Department of Physics Engineering Ankara University Ankara06100 Turkey Department of Physics Bilkent University Ankara06800 Turkey UNAM National Nanotechnology Research Center Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology Bilkent University Ankara06800 Turkey Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Bilkent University Ankara06800 Turkey Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Boston University 8 Saint Mary’s Street BostonMA02215 United States Ankara06800 Turkey Network Technologies Department TUBITAK ULAKBIM Ankara06800 Turkey Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Trieste University Trieste Italy IOM-CNR Istituto Officina dei Materiali Trieste34149 Italy Micro and Nanotechnology Graduate Program of Natural and Applied Sciences Middle East Technical Turkey

Recently-demonstrated high-quality three-dimensional (3D) subsurface laser processing inside crystalline silicon (c-Si) wafers opens a door to a wide range of novel applications in multidisciplinary research areas. Using this technique, a novel maskless micro-pillars with precise control on the surface reflection and coverage are successfully fabricated by etching the laser processed region of c-Si wafer. To achieve this, a particular selective wet chemical etching is developed to follow subsurface laser processing of c-Si to reveal the desired 3D structures with smooth surfaces. Here, we report the development of a novel chromium-free chemical etching recipe based on copper nitrate, which yields substantially smooth surfaces at high etch rate and selectivity on the both laser-processed Si surface and subsurface, i.e., without significant etching of the unmodified Si. Our results show that the etch rate and surface morphology are interrelated and strongly influenced by the composition of the adopted etching solution. After an extensive compositional study performed at room temperature, we identify an etchant with a selectivity of over 1600 times for laser-modified Si with respect to unmodified Si. We also support our findings using density functional theory calculations of HF and Cu adsorption energies, indicating significant diversity on the c-Si and laser-modified surfaces. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Morphology

Electrochemical Screening of Contact Layers for Metal Halide Perovskites

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Kodur, Moses Dorfman, Zachary Kerner, Ross A. Skaggs, Justin H. Kim, Taewoo Dunfield, Sean P. Palmstrom, Axel Berry, Joseph J. Fenning, David P. Chemical Engineering Program Department of Nanoengineering University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA92093 United States National Renewable Energy Laboratory GoldenCO80401 United States Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Department of Physics University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States

Optimizing selective contact layers in photovoltaics is necessary to yield high performing stable devices. However, this has been difficult for perovskites due to their complex interfacial defects that affect carrier concentrations in the active layer as well as charge transfer and recombination at the interface. Using vacuum thermally-evaporated tin oxide as a case study, we highlight electrochemical tests that are simple yet screen device-relevant contact layer properties, making them useful for process development and quality control. Specifically, we show that cyclic voltammetry and potentiostatic chronoamperometry correlate to key performance parameters in completed devices as well as other material/interfacial properties relevant to devices such as shunt pathways and chemical composition. Having fast, reliable, scalable, and actionable probes of electronic properties is increasingly important as halide perovskite photovoltaics approach their theoretical limits and scale to large-area devices. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Chronoamperometry

Two-dimensional perovskites with maximum symmetry enable exciton diffusion length exceeding 2 micrometers

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Hou, Jin Fletcher, Jared Hall, Siedah J. Zhang, Hao Zacharias, Marios Volonakis, George Welton, Claire Mandani, Faiz Metcalf, Isaac Sun, Shuo Zhang, Bo Guo, Yinsheng Reddy, G.N. Manjunatha Katan, Claudine Even, Jacky Sfeir, Matthew Y. Kanatzidis, Mercouri G. Mohite, Aditya D. Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Chemistry Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research Center City University of New York New York10031 United States Department of Physics The Graduate Center City University of New York New York10016 United States Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley‐Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Univ Rennes INSA Rennes CNRS Institut FOTON UMR 6082 Rennes35708 France UMR 6226 RennesF-35000 France University of Lille CNRS Centrale Lille Institute Univ. Artois UMR 8181−UCCS− Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide LilleF-59000 France Department of Chemistry University of Nebraska-Lincoln LincolnNE68588 United States

Realizing semiconductors with high symmetry of their crystallographic structures has been a virtue of inorganic materials and has resulted in novel physical behaviors. In contrast, hybrid (organic and inorganic) crystals such as two-dimensional metal halide perovskites exhibit much lower crystal symmetry due to in-plane or out-of-plane octahedral distortions. Despite their amazing ability for photoinduced light emission at room temperature, the Achilles' heel of this attractive class of 2D materials for optoelectronics remains the poor control and lack of performance for charge carrier transport. Inspired by the tremendous charge carrier properties of the 3D cubic perovskite phase (α) of FAPbI3 and combining the use of the appropriate cage cation, the spacer molecule and the temperature and rate of crystallization, we report a new series of FA-based layered two-dimensional perovskites that exhibits the highest theoretically predicted symmetry with a tetragonal P4/mmm space group, resulting in no octahedral distortion in both in-plane and out-of-plane directions. These 2D perovskites present the shortest interlayer distances (4 Å), which results in systematically lower bandgaps (1.7 to 1.8 eV). Finally, the absence of octahedral distortions, results in an exciton diffusion length of 2.5 µm, and a diffusivity of 4.4 cm2s-1, both of which are an order of magnitude larger compared to previously reported 2D perovskites and on par with monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Charge carriers

Nanoslot-Induced Ultrastrong Phonon-Photon and Phonon-Phonon Coupling in Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Perovskites

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Nanoslot-Induced Ultrastrong Phonon-Photon and Phonon-Phonon...

Pacific Rim Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO/Pacific Rim)

作者： Dasom Kim Jin Hou Geon Lee Ayush Agrawal Sunghwan Kim Hao Zhang Di Bao Andrey Baydin Wenjing WU Fuyang Tay Shengxi Huang Daivd Hagenmüller Elbert E. M. Chia Dai-Sik Kim Minah Seo Aditya D. Mohite Junichiro Kono Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University Houston TX USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University Houston TX USA Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University Houston TX USA Sensor System Research Center Korea Institute of Science and Technology Seoul Republic of Korea Department of Physics and Astronomy Seoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Rice University Houston TX USA Department of Physics Long-wavelength Nanotechnology Laboratory Quantum Photonics Institute Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) Ulsan Republic of Korea Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore Smalley-Curl institute Rice University Houston TX USA CESQ-ISIS (UMR 7006) Universite de Strasbourg and CNRS Strasbourg France KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology Korea University Seoul Republic of Korea Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University Houston TX USA

Methods for harnessing vibrational states are desired for phonon-based technologies. We realized ultrastrong coupling of two phonon modes in perovskite materials induced by ultrastrong coupling with a common photonic ... 详细信息

ISBN: (数字)9798350372076

ISBN: (纸本)9798350372083

关键词： Couplings Phonons Laser modes Perovskites Electro-optical waveguides Photonics

Origin of the large interfacial perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in MgO/Co2FeAl

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Physical Review B 2020年第13期101卷 134405-134405页

作者： Sicong Jiang Safdar Nazir Kesong Yang Department of NanoEngineering and Program of Chemical Engineering University of California San Diego La Jolla California 92093-0448 USA Program of Materials Science and Engineering University of California San Diego La Jolla California 92093-0418 USA Center for Memory and Recording Research University of California San Diego La Jolla California 92093-0401 USA

Interfacial perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in the MgO/Co2FeAl heterostructure is desired for technological applications, while the origin of the large interfacial anisotropy constant Ki remains controversial. Here we show that, by modeling four types of interface models for the MgO/Co2FeAl system using first-principles calculations, the MgO/Co2 interface is energetically more favorable than the MgO/FeAl interface and the interfacial Co atoms at the former interface produce out-of-plane Ki, while the interfacial Fe atoms at the latter interface produce in-plane Ki. The origin of these different behaviors can be explained by the atomic-resolved and orbital-resolved Ki along with the perturbation theory energy analysis. In addition, we also studied the influence of 26 capping layers on the interfacial magnetic anisotropy of MgO/Co2FeAl and found that Fe and W capping can significantly enhance Ki in the MgO/Co2FeAl with a particularly large Ki of 4.90mJ/m2 in the W-capped model. This work clarifies the atomistic origin of the interfacial perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and provides guidance to further enhance interfacial Ki by adding capping layers in the MgO/Co2FeAl.

关键词： First-principles calculations Magnetic anisotropy Solid-solid interfaces Density functional theory High-throughput calculations

Partially Ion-Paired Solvation Structure Design for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries under Extreme Operating Conditions

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Angewandte Chemie 2023年第5期136卷

作者： Dr. Guorui Cai Hongpeng Gao Mingqian Li Varun Gupta John Holoubek Prof. Tod A. Pascal Prof. Ping Liu Prof. Zheng Chen Department of NanoEngineering University of California San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA Program of Materials Science and Engineering University of California San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA Sustainable Power and Energy Center University of California San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA Program of Chemical Engineering University of California San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA

Achieving increased energy density under extreme operating conditions remains a major challenge in rechargeable batteries. Herein, we demonstrate an all-fluorinated ester-based electrolyte comprising partially fluorinated carboxylate and carbonate esters. This electrolyte exhibits temperature-resilient physicochemical properties and moderate ion-paired solvation, leading to a half solvent-separated and half contact-ion pair in a sole electrolyte. As a result, facile desolvation and preferential reduction of anions/fluorinated co-solvents for LiF-dominated interphases are achieved without compromising ionic conductivity (>1 mS cm −1 even at −40 °C). These advantageous features were found to apply to both lithium metal and sulfur-based electrodes even under extreme operating conditions, allowing stable cycling of Li || sulfurized polyacrylonitrile (SPAN) full cells with high SPAN loading (>3.5 mAh cm −2 ) and thin Li anode (50 μm) at −40, 23 and 50 °C. This work offers a promising path for designing temperature-resilient electrolytes to support high energy density Li metal batteries operating in extreme conditions.

关键词： Battery Electrolyte Extreme Temperatures Ion Solvation Ion Transports

Compositionally Complex Perovskite Oxides for Solar Thermochemical Water Splitting

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Zhang, Dawei De Santiago, Héctor A. Xu, Boyuan Liu, Cijie Trindell, Jamie Li, Wei Park, Jiyun Rodriguez, Mark A. Coker, Eric N. Sugar, Josh McDaniel, Anthony Lany, Stephan Ma, Liang Wang, Yi Collins, Gregory Tian, Hanchen Li, Wenyuan Qi, Yue Liu, Xingbo Luo, Jian Program of Materials Science and Engineering University of California San Diego La Jolla CA92093 United States Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Benjamin M. Statler College of Engineering and Mineral Resources West Virginia University MorgantownWV26506 United States Department of Physics Brown University ProvidenceRI02912 United States Sandia National Laboratories LivermoreCA94551 United States School of Engineering Brown University ProvidenceRI02912 United States Sandia National Laboratories AlbuquerqueNM87185 United States Materials Science Center National Renewable Energy Laboratory GoldenCO80401 United States School of Materials Science and Engineering Hebei University of Engineering Hebei Province Handan056038 China Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Benjamin M. Statler College of Engineering and Mineral Resources West Virginia University MorgantownWV26506 United States Department of NanoEngineering University of California San Diego La Jolla CA92093 United States

Solar thermochemical hydrogen generation (STCH) is a promising approach for eco-friendly H2 production, but conventional STCH redox compounds often suffer from thermodynamic and kinetic limitations with limited tunability. Expanding from the nascent high-entropy ceramics field, this study explores a new class of compositionally complex perovskite oxides (La0.8Sr0.2)(Mn(1-x)/3Fe(1-x)/3CoxAl(1-x)/3)O3 for STCH. In situ X-ray diffraction demonstrates the phase stability during redox cycling and in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy shows preferential redox of Co. The extent of reduction increases, but the intrinsic kinetics decreases, with increased Co content. Consequently, (La0.8Sr0.2)(Mn0.2Fe0.2Co0.4Al0.2)O3-δ achieves an optimal balance between the thermodynamics and kinetics properties. The combination of a moderate enthalpy of reduction, high entropy of reduction, and preferable surface oxygen exchange kinetics enables a maximum H2 yield of 395 ± 11 μmol g-1 in a short 1-hour redox duration. Entropy stabilization expectedly contributes to the structure stability during redox without phase transformation, which enables an exceptional STCH stability for >50 cycles under harsh interrupted conditions. The underlying redox mechanism is further elucidated by the density functional theory based parallel Monte Carlo computation, which represents a new computation paradigm first established here. This study suggests a new class of non-equimolar compositionally complex ceramics for STCH and chemical looping. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Entropy