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Specular inverse Faraday effect in transition metals

Physical Review materials 2023年第12期7卷 125202-125202页

作者： Victor H. Ortiz Shashi B. Mishra Luat Vuong Sinisa Coh Richard B. Wilson Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California Riverside 92521 CA United States

The inverse Faraday effect is an optomagnetic phenomenon that describes the ability of circularly polarized light to induce magnetism in solids. The capability of light to control magnetic order in solid state materials and devices is of interest for a variety of applications, such as magnetic recording, quantum computation, and spintronic technologies. However, significant gaps in understanding about the effect persist, such as what material properties govern the magnitude of the effect in metals. In this work, we report time-resolved measurements of the specular inverse Faraday effect in nonmagnetic metals, i.e., the magneto-optic Kerr effect induced by circularly polarized light. We measure this specular inverse Faraday effect in Cu, Pd, Pt, W, Ta, and Au at a laser wavelength of 783 nm. For Ta and W, we investigate both α and β phases. We observe that excitation of these metals with circularly polarized light induces significant circular dichroism. This nonlinear magneto-optical response to circularly polarized light is an order of magnitude larger in α-W than other metals, e.g., Pt or Au, and is greater than nearly all other reported values for the inverse Faraday effect in other materials. Our results benchmark the range of the inverse Faraday effect that can be observed in nonmagnetic metals and provide insight into what material properties govern the inverse Faraday effect in metals.

关键词： Light-induced magnetic effects Magneto-optics Ultrafast optics Magneto-optical Kerr effect Sputtering Ultrafast femtosecond pump probe

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Technology Roadmap for Flexible Sensors

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ACS NANO 2023年第6期17卷 5211-5295页

作者： Luo, Yifei Abidian, Mohammad Reza Ahn, Jong-Hyun Akinwande, Deji Andrews, Anne M. Antonietti, Markus Bao, Zhenan Berggren, Magnus Berkey, Christopher A. Bettinger, Christopher John Chen, Jun Chen, Peng Cheng, Wenlong Cheng, Xu Choi, Seon-Jin Chortos, Alex Dagdeviren, Canan Dauskardt, Reinhold H. Di, Chong-an Dickey, Michael D. Duan, Xiangfeng Facchetti, Antonio Fan, Zhiyong Fang, Yin Feng, Jianyou Feng, Xue Gao, Huajian Gao, Wei Gong, Xiwen Guo, Chuan Fei Guo, Xiaojun Hartel, Martin C. He, Zihan Ho, John S. Hu, Youfan Huang, Qiyao Huang, Yu Huo, Fengwei Hussain, Muhammad M. Javey, Ali Jeong, Unyong Jiang, Chen Jiang, Xingyu Kang, Jiheong Karnaushenko, Daniil Khademhosseini, Ali Kim, Dae-Hyeong Kim, Il-Doo Kireev, Dmitry Kong, Lingxuan Lee, Chengkuo Lee, Nae-Eung Lee, Pooi See Lee, Tae-Woo Li, Fengyu Li, Jinxing Liang, Cuiyuan Lim, Chwee Teck Lin, Yuanjing Lipomi, Darren J. Liu, Jia Liu, Kai Liu, Nan Liu, Ren Liu, Yuxin Liu, Yuxuan Liu, Zhiyuan Liu, Zhuangjian Loh, Xian Jun Lu, Nanshu Lv, Zhisheng Magdassi, Shlomo Malliaras, George G. Matsuhisa, Naoji Nathan, Arokia Niu, Simiao Pan, Jieming Pang, Changhyun Pei, Qibing Peng, Huisheng Qi, Dianpeng Ren, Huaying Rogers, John A. Rowe, Aaron Schmidt, Oliver G. Sekitani, Tsuyoshi Seo, Dae-Gyo Shen, Guozhen Sheng, Xing Shi, Qiongfeng Someya, Takao Song, Yanlin Stavrinidou, Eleni Su, Meng Sun, Xuemei Takei, Kuniharu Tao, Xiao-Ming Tee, Benjamin C. K. Thean, Aaron Voon-Yew Trung, Tran Quang Wan, Changjin Wang, Huiliang Wang, Joseph Wang, Ming Wang, Sihong Wang, Ting Wang, Zhong Lin Weiss, Paul S. Wen, Hanqi Xu, Sheng Xu, Tailin Yan, Hongping Yan, Xuzhou Yang, Hui Yang, Le Yang, Shuaijian Yin, Lan Yu, Cunjiang Yu, Guihua Yu, Jing Yu, Shu-Hong Yu, Xinge Zamburg, Evgeny Zhang, Haixia Zhang, Xiangyu Zhang, Xiaosheng Zhang, Xueji Zhang, Yihui Zhang, Yu Zhao, Siyuan Zhao, Xuanhe Zheng, Yuanjin Zheng, Yu-Qing Zheng, Zijian Zhou, Tao Zhu, Bowen Zhu, Ming Zhu, Rong Zhu, Yangzhi Zhu, Yong Zou, Guijin Chen, Xiaodong 08-03 Innovis Singapore 138634 Republic of Singapore Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX) School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Houston Houston Texas 77024 United States School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Yonsei University Seoul 03722 Republic of Korea Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 United States Microelectronics Research Center The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78758 United States Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry California NanoSystems Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior and Hatos Center for Neuropharmacology University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California 90095 United States Colloid Chemistry Department Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces 14476 Potsdam Germany Department of Chemical Engineering Stanford University Stanford California 94305 United States Laboratory of Organic Electronics Department of Science and Technology Campus Norrköping Linköping University 83 Linköping Sweden Wallenberg Initiative Materials Science for Sustainability (WISE) and Wallenberg Wood Science Center (WWSC) SE-100 44 Stockholm Sweden Department of Materials Science and Engineering Stanford University Stanford California 94301 United States Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Materials Science and Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15213 United States Department of Bioengineering University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California 90095 United States School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637457 Singapore Nanobionics Group Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Monash University Clayton Australia 3800 Monash

Humans rely increasingly on sensors to address grand challenges and to improve quality of life in the era of digitalization and big data. For ubiquitous sensing, flexible sensors are developed to overcome the limitations of conventional rigid counterparts. Despite rapid advancement in bench-side research over the last decade, the market adoption of flexible sensors remains limited. To ease and to expedite their deployment, here, we identify bottlenecks hindering the maturation of flexible sensors and propose promising solutions. We first analyze continued...challenges in achieving satisfactory sensing performance for real-world applications and then summarize issues in compatible sensor-biology interfaces, followed by brief discussions on powering and connecting sensor networks. Issues en route to commercialization and for sustainable growth of the sector are also analyzed, highlighting environmental concerns and emphasizing nontechnical issues such as business, regulatory, and ethical considerations. Additionally, we look at future intelligent flexible sensors. In proposing a comprehensive roadmap, we hope to steer research efforts towards common goals and to guide coordinated development strategies from disparate communities. Through such collaborative

关键词： soft materials mechanics engineering flexible electronics conformable sensors bioelectronics human-machine interfaces body area sensor networks technology translation sustainable electronics

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Ion-speciﬁc effects in conﬁned nanochannels and neural

Aggregate

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Aggregate 2023年第2期4卷 123-136页

作者： Weichen Wei Xuejiao Wang Fujian-Taiwan Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering Engineering Research Center of Industrial BiocatalysisCollege of Chemistry and Materials ScienceFujian Normal UniversityFuzhouChina Department of Nanoengineering University of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA

Since the discovery of biological ion channels and their role in physiology,scientists have been trying to create artificial structures that mimic biological ion *** such as biological/solid-state nanopores and porous nanostructures can have fine-tuned ion behaviors in a confined space where ions are“aggregated”.Thus,one of the most exciting applications of nanochannels is artificial neurons and neural network based on the ion-specific effects and *** this review article,it is the first time that the ion aggregation behaviors inside the confined nanochannels are summarized,and their connection to neuroscience,especially the artificial neurons and neural network,is explored and envisioned.

关键词： aggregate confined space ion-specific effect

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Temperature-Responsive and Passive Wireless Mechanical Metamaterial Sensors 14

Temperature-Responsive and Passive Wireless Mechanical Metam...

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14th International Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring: Designing SHM for Sustainability, Maintainability, and Reliability, IWSHM 2023

作者： Naidu, Vishnu R. Park, Yujin Loh, Kenneth J. Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA92093 United States Department of Structural Engineering University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA92093 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781605956930

Knowing the location and environmental conditions of sailors that have fallen overboard can greatly facilitate open water search and rescue operations. Currently, active sensors that trigger an alarm when a sailor falls overboard exist, and it works by detecting a loss of signal from a transmitter. However, their applications have been limited because of the dependence on a working battery, as well as the fact that sailor location cannot be tracked beyond the one-time loss-of-signal event. In this study, a passive, person-overboard sensing concept is proposed, and the focus is to demonstrate monitoring of seawater conditions. The passive sensor was designed by incorporating a temperature-responsive hydrogel with an auxetic star pattern unit cell geometry, which transforms from a two- to three-dimensional geometry when immersed in low temperature liquid. First, the passive sensor was formed by incorporating a temperature-responsive hydrogel at opposite ends of the star pattern. The time-dependent swelling and de-swelling behavior of the copolymer hydrogel was characterized to understand the mechanical strains induced after exposure to low temperature water. Second, the design of the star pattern geometry was optimized, and artificial imperfections in the form of notches were employed to allow shape transformation to take place at appropriate and minimal applied strains. The vision is that these shape morphing structures with integrated antennas can serve as passive sensors, which, when interrogated by a remote reader, can be used to monitor how long overboard sailors have been in a low-temperature open sea environment. © 2023 by DEStech Publi cations, Inc. All rights reserved

关键词： Water temperature

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Field-driven cluster formation in two-dimensional colloidal binary mixtures

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Physical Review E 2023年第4期107卷 044605-044605页

作者： Dingwen Qian Monica Olvera de la Cruz Applied Physics Program Department of Materials Science and Engineering Department of Chemistry and Department of Physic and Astronomy Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA

We study size- and charge-asymmetric oppositely charged colloids driven by an external electric field. The large particles are connected by harmonic springs, forming a hexagonal-lattice network, while the small particles are free of bonds and exhibit fluidlike motion. We show that this model exhibits a cluster formation pattern when the external driving force exceeds a critical value. The clustering is accompanied with stable wave packets in vibrational motions of the large particles.

关键词： Transport phenomena Charged colloids

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Unravelling the strong interplay for interfacial magnetic switching in metal-organic-based spintronics

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Journal of materials Chemistry C 2024年第11期12卷 3931-3942页

作者： Chen, Wan-Ting Yu, Li-Chung Lin, Jiu-Hua Cheng, Su Ling Shiu, Hung Wei Lai, Yu-Ling Chu, Ying-Hao Chin, Yi-Ying Wang, Jeng-Han Hsu, Yao-Jane National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center Hsinchu30076 Taiwan Graduate Program for Science and Technology of Accelerator Light Sources National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu30076 Taiwan Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Department of Chemistry National Taiwan Normal University Taipei11677 Taiwan Department of Photonics National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan Department of Physics National Chung Cheng University Chiayi62102 Taiwan

Organic semiconductors are promising building blocks for multifunctional spintronics. The spinterface plays a key role in affecting the magnetic properties of the performance of spin-based devices. Herein, we reveal the strong interfacial interplay affecting the magnetic switching at the interface of the synthetic paramagnetic tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)iron(iii) (Feq3) layer on the ferromagnetic surface. In combination with synchrotron-based analysis and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we observed that the robust magnetic interactions of the Co/Feq3 system were strongly influenced by the interfacial reaction between Co and Feq3. As the charge transferred from the contacted Co to Feq3, the central iron was reduced from Fe(iii) to Fe(ii) and hybridized with the 8-hydroxyquinoline, causing spin polarization at the interface. The reduced central Fe(ii) exhibited apparent ferromagnetic ordering after contact with the ferromagnetic Co substrate. With increasing the Feq3 layer thickness, the central Fe reverted to its original Fe(iii) state, resulting in the disappearance of ferromagnetic ordering. The thickness dependence of the Feq3 layer on the magnetic response could be used to tune the spinterface properties and thus the interfacial magnetic interplay. These findings reveal the effect of the strong interfacial redox on the spinterface and open up a promising approach for the use of metal-organic materials in oragnic spintronic devices. © 2024 The Royal Society of Chemistry.

关键词： Organometallics

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The Scalability of Third Generation Photovoltaics: Deposition Techniques and Modularity

The Scalability of Third Generation Photovoltaics: Depositio...

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2023 Sharjah International Conference on Physics of Advanced materials, SICPAM 2023

作者： Ayoub, Mohamad Alashkar, Adnan Mdallal, Ayman Ibrahim, Taleb Khamis, Mustafa Alami, Abdul Hai Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering Department University of Sharjah Sharjah27272 United Arab Emirates PhD Program in Materials Science and Engineering American University of Sharjah Sharjah26666 United Arab Emirates Department of Chemical Engineering American University of Sharjah Sharjah26666 United Arab Emirates Department of Biology Chemistry and Environmental Sciences College of Arts and Sciences American University of Sharjah Sharjah26666 United Arab Emirates Center for Advanced Materials Research Research Institute of Science and Engineering University of Sharjah Sharjah27272 United Arab Emirates

The development of third-generation photovoltaic (TGPV) technologies promises to address some of the limitations of conventional silicon-based solar cells. However, the scalability of these technologies is a critical factor in their practical application. TGPV include Perovskite Solar Cells (PSC), Organic Solar Cells (OSC), and Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC). This paper reviews and summarizes the recent trends and research on the deposition techniques and modularity of TGPV. Various deposition techniques such as slot-die coating, thermal evaporation, and spray pyrolysis are discussed, along with their advantages and limitations. Modularity, which allows for the integration of TGPV cells into different structures, is also examined as a critical factor in scalability. The paper concludes that the scalability of TGPV technologies depends on the development of efficient and cost-effective deposition techniques and modularity, which will facilitate the integration of the TGPV cells into various structures and enable the widespread use of these promising technologies. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Perovskite solar cells

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Fabric-substrated capacitive biopotential sensors enhanced by dielectric nanoparticles

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Nano Research 2021年第9期14卷 3248-3252页

作者： Xiangjun Chen Xiaoxiang Gao Akihiro Nomoto Keren Shi Muyang Lin Hongjie Hu Yue Gu Yangzhi Zhu Zhuohong Wu Xue Chen Xinyu Wang Baiyan Qi Sai Zhou Hong Ding Sheng Xu Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA Department of NanoEngineering University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA Department of Bioengineering University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA

Wearable biopotential sensing devices are essential to long-term and real-time monitoring of human ***-contact,capacitive sensing electrodes prevent potential skin iritations,and are thus beneficial for long-term *** capacitive electrodes are either connected to a separate control circuit via external wires or have limited sensing capacitances,which leads to low signal *** study demonstrates a stretchable capacitive sensing device with integrated electrodes and control electronics,with enhanced signal *** electrodes and the control electronics are fabricated on a common fabric substrate for breathability and strain-limiting *** stretchable electrodes are based on an island-bridge design with a stretchability as high as-100%,and an area ratio as high as-80%.By using a dielectric calcium copper titanate(CCTO)composite as the adhesive layer,the electrode capacitance can be increased,yielding an enhanced signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)in the acquired *** device offers a convenient and comfortable approach for long-term non-contact monitoring of biopotential signals.

关键词： capacitive sensing biopotential stretchable calcium copper titanate(CCTO) signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)

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Characterizations of Ni-loaded lignite char catalysts and their performance enhancements to catalytic steam gasification of coal

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Journal of the Energy Institute 2022年 105卷 53-71页

作者： Tipo, Ronnachai Tippayawong, Nakorn Chaichana, Chatchawan Chimupala, Yothin Chaiklangmuang, Suparin Graduate Program in Industrial Chemistry Faculty of Science Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai50200 Thailand Department of Industrial Chemistry Faculty of Science Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai50200 Thailand Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Chiang Mai University Chiang50200 Thailand Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology Faculty of Science Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai50200 Thailand Materials Science Research Center Faculty of Science Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai50200 Thailand

Catalyst characteristics such as specific surface area, porosity and active site play an essential role in catalyst design. Understanding of the characteristic functions in controlling catalyst activity is necessary for considering the catalyst application, especially the Ni-loaded lignite char catalyst, employed in catalytic steam gasification. In this work, the unmodified and five modified catalysts were used to study the effect of catalyst characteristics on their performance for catalytic steam gasification of coal in the two-stage fixed-bed reactor. The findings indicated that the fresh acid modified catalysts increased specific surface area and micropore formation, including the smaller Ni metal crystallite size, the decreasing of Ni metal nanoparticle size and the well-dispersed of Ni metal nanoparticles. Meanwhile, the fresh modified catalysts by the alkali and the combined alkali-acid treatments promoted mesopore formation. Enhancing catalytic steam gasification of coal, it was found that the mesoporosity of catalyst was the considerable initial characteristic for controlling the catalyst activity. The total gas yields of the mesoporous catalysts were in the range of 50.65–77.70 mmol/gVM,feed, while the total gas yields of the microporous catalysts were 43.82–55.34 mmol/gVM,feed. After catalyst testings, the specific surface areas and number of mesopores in the spent catalysts were increased by steam. Remarkably, these changing pore sizes affected the transformations of the isotherms (type I + II to type II) and the hysteresis loops (type H4 to type H3). Also, steam influenced the conversion of Ni metals to NiO, Ni(OH)2 and Ni2O3. For thermal property, all spent catalysts had high thermal stability. The modified catalysts could decrease carbon deposition more than the unmodified catalyst, which was an upside for catalyst reusability. © 2022 Energy Institute

关键词： Catalyst activity

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engineering dimensionality of collective dipole-dipole interactions using a nanophotonic environment

Engineering dimensionality of collective dipole-dipole inter...

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2023 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2023

作者： Boddeti, Ashwin K. Wang, Yi Juarez, Xitlali Boltasseva, Alexandra Alaeian, Hadiseh Odom, Teri W. Jacob, Zubin Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Birck Nanotechnology Center Purdue University West LafayetteIN47907 United States Graduate Program in Applied Physics Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Department of Chemistry Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171258

We experimentally demonstrate reduced dimensionality in a interacting ensemble of emitters. The well-known stretched exponential decay dynamics, (Equation presented) with β = 0.5 in 3D geometries, is strikingly modified in a nanophotonic environment that supports long-range interaction to β ~ 0.3. © Optica Publishing Group 2023.

关键词： Nanophotonics

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