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Reconfiguring Surface Acoustic Wave Microfluidics via In Situ Control of Elastic Wave Polarization

Physical Review Letters 2025年第3期134卷 037002-037002页

作者： Yu Gao (郜煜) Thomas Voglhuber-Brunnmaier Yuekang Li Leyla Akh Nicholas H. Patino Apresio Kefin Fajrial Massimo Ruzzene Bernhard Jakoby Xiaoyun Ding Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Institute for Microelectronics and Microsensors Johannes Kepler University Linz Austria Biomedical Engineering Program University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA BioFrontiers Institute University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA

We demonstrate in situ control of the elastic wave polarization in a surface acoustic wave (SAW). It allows us to create highly reconfigurable SAW microfluidics that can be switched on demand between the acoustohydrodynamic (AHD) regime and electrohydrodynamic (EHD) regime for manipulating particles and cells. The control of wave polarization comes from our experimental and theoretical identification of an unexpected shear-horizontal (SH) wave mode in a conventional Rayleigh (R) wave design, which is stereotyped to excite only vertically polarized Rayleigh SAWs. The SH wave mode is predominantly horizontally polarized and can be selectively excited to propagate in the same direction as the Rayleigh SAW. Such a selective wave generation between the SH mode and R mode allows for reconfiguration between AHD and EHD regimes that leads to unprecedented colloidal patterns and assembly dynamics. Such a reconfiguration of the particle manipulation mechanism can be explained by the controllable competition or synergism between the coexisting acoustic and electric fields. Remarkably, in the EHD regime, a virtual zero-boundary electric quadrupole is created, and a novel colloidal diamond-shaped assembly is observed in this piezoelectric-quadrupole trap, which was rarely reported in acoustic or electric microfluidics. The presented in situ control of polarization revolutionizes our understanding of SAW and acoustofluidics, expands its potential by assuming the advantages of AHD and EHD on demand, and inspires new strategies in micro- and nanoscale manufacturing and manipulation, with applications beyond fundamental scientific interest.

关键词： Microfluidics

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Impact of In flux on self-assembled InGaN/GaN superlattice grown on GaN template by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy

Impact of In flux on self-assembled InGaN/GaN superlattice g...

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2022 Compound Semiconductor Week, CSW 2022

作者： Khan, Kamruzzaman Sun, Kai Wurm, Christian Ahmadi, Elaheh University of Michigan Department of Materials Science and Engineering Ann ArborMI United States University of California Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Santa BarbaraCA United States University of Michigan Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Ann ArborMI United States University of Michigan Applied Physics Program Ann ArborMI United States

ISBN: (数字)9781665453400

ISBN: (纸本)9781665453400

We have previously reported spontanous formation of InGaN/GaN superlattice structure on nominal InGaN films grown by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy (PAMBE). In this work, we report on the impact of In flux on the formation and periodicity of self-assembled InxGa1-xN/InyGa1-yN superlattice structure (SASL). We show that the thickness and In composition in the InGaN layer varies by changing the In flux. These films were stucturally characterized by X-ray diffraction and simulated by globalfit software to get the thickness and In composition. The superlattice structures were confimred by scanning transmission electron microscopy and the thickness of InGaN layer and In composition were determined by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. This work can provide a method for using the SASL with better control for their optoelectronics application. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： III-V semiconductors

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Autonomous Electron Tomography Reconstruction Using Bayesian Optimization

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Microscopy and microanalysis : the official journal of Microscopy Society of America, Microbeam Analysis Society, Microscopical Society of Canada 2023年第1期29卷 1915-1916页

作者： Millsaps, William Schwartz, Jonathan Di, Zichao Wendy Jiang, Yi Hovden, Robert Department of Nuclear Engineering Radiological Sciences University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI United States Mathematics and Computer Science Division Argonne National Laboratory Lemont IL United States Advanced Photon Source Facility Argonne National Laboratory Lemont IL United States Applied Physics Program University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI United States

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Characterization of Water-Soluble Inorganic Ions and Carbonaceous Aerosols in the Urban Atmosphere in Amman, Jordan

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Al-Hunaiti, Afnan Bakri, Zaid Li, Xinyang Duan, Lian Al-Abdallat, Asal Alastuey, Andres Viana, Mar Arar, Sharif Petäjä, Tuukka Hussein, Tareq Department of Chemistry School of Science University of Jordan Amman11942 Jordan Department of Chemistry and Materials Science School of Chemical Engineering Nanochemistry and Nanoengineering Aalto University Aalto00076 Finland Department of Physics and Atmospheric Sciences Program Michigan Technological University HoughtonMI49931 United States UHELFI- Helsinki00014 Finland Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention Department of Environmental Science & Engineering Fudan University Shanghai200438 China Department of Physics School of Science University of Jordan Amman11942 Jordan Barcelona08034 Spain

The Eastern Mediterranean is a unique region for air pollution because it is the crossroads between three continents exchanging air pollution. Here, we investigated urban particulate matter (PM) carbonaceous and water-soluble ions in Amman, Jordan. The PM2.5 total carbon (TC) annual mean was 7.6±3.6 µg/m3 (organic carbon (OC) 5.9±2.8 µg/m3 and elemental carbon (EC) 1.7±1.1 µg/m3), which was about 16.3% of the PM2.5. The PM10 TC annual mean was 8.4±3.9 µg/m3 (OC 6.5 ± 3.1 µg/m3 and elemental carbon (EC) 11.9±1.1µg/m3), about 13.3% of the PM10. The PM2.5 total water-soluble ions annual mean was 7.9±1.9 µg/m3 (about 16.9%), and that of the PM10 was 10.1±2.8 µg/m3 (about 16.0%). The minor ions (F-, NO2-, Br-, and PO43-) constituted less than 1% in the PM fractions. The significant fraction was for SO42- (PM2.5 4.7±1.6 µg/m3 (10.0%) and PM10 5.3±1.9 µg/m3 (8.3%)). The NH4+ had higher amounts of PM2.5 (1.3±0.6 µg/m3;2.7%) than that PM10 (0.9±0.4 µg/m3;1.4%). During sand and dust storm (SDS) events, TC, Cl-, and NO3- were doubled in PM, SO42- did not increase significantly, and NH4+ slightly decreased. Regression analysis revealed: (1) carbonaceous aerosols come equally from primary and secondary sources, (2) about 50% of the OC came from non-combustion sources, (3) traffic emissions dominate the PM, (4) agricultural sources have a negligible effect, (5) SO42- is completely neutralized by NH4+ in the PM2.5 but there could be additional reactions involved in the PM10, and (6) (NH4)2SO4, was the major species formed by SO42-and NH4+ instead of NH4HSO4. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ions

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Nernst-Ettingshausen effect in thin Pt and W films at low temperatures

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Luo, Renjie Legvold, Tanner J. Chen, Liyang Natelson, Douglas Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States

As spin caloritronic measurements become increasingly common techniques for characterizing material properties, it is important to quantify potentially confounding effects. We report measurements of the Nernst-Ettingshausen response from room temperature to 5 K in thin film wires of Pt and W, metals commonly used as inverse spin Hall detectors in spin Seebeck characterization. Johnson-Nyquist noise thermometry is used to assess the temperature change of the metals with heater power at low temperatures, and the thermal path is analyzed via finite-element modeling. The Nernst-Ettingshausen response of W is found to be approximately temperature-independent, while the response of Pt increases at low temperatures. These results are discussed in the context of theoretical expectations and the possible role of magnetic impurities in Pt. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Inverse problems

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The Effect of air carbon arc gouging on the mechanical and electrochemical properties of AISI 316L submerged arc welds 11

The Effect of air carbon arc gouging on the mechanical and e...

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11th European Stainless Steel Conference science and Market, ESSC 2022 and 7th European Duplex Stainless Steel Conference and Exhibition, DUPLEX 2022

作者： Campesan, Gabriel Roberto de Bribean Guerra, Ana Paula Koga, Guilherme Yuuki Bolfarini, Claudemiro Federal University of São Carlos Department of Materials Science and Engineering Rod. Washington Luis São Carlos SP CEP 13565-905 Brazil Federal University of São Carlos Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering Rod. Washington Luis São Carlos SP CEP 13565-905 Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9788898990269

In the maintenance and manufacturing practices of equipment in the petrochemical industry, the air carbon arc gouging-ACG is used in the preparation of carbon steel joints to be repaired or joined by welding. However, the Standards impose several restrictions to the use of this cost-effective process to stainless steels. The main concern is the pick-up of carbon and sensitization of the steels against corrosion. Therefore, this paper aimed to evaluate the effect of ACG of AISI 316L steel on its electrochemical and mechanical properties. The repaired/welded joints were studied in three different situations, namely: i) any type of cleaning, ii) brushing and iii) machining after gouging. The 20-mm-thick plate was submerged arc welded. Different regions on cross-section of welds were inspected to assess the degree of sensitization by double-loop electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation (DL-EPR) method, and the risk of intergranular corrosion by oxalic acid etching tests. The electrochemical techniques and mechanical tests (only welded joints) such as tensile, hardness and impact measurements showed no impairing of such properties with the use of ACG, irrespective to the cleaning method used. © ESSC and DUPLEX 2022. All rights reserved.

关键词： Welds

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Temperature dependence of spin pumping in YIG/NiO(x)/W multilayer

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Chinese Physics B 2022年第12期31卷 678-682页

作者： Lijun Ni Wenqiang Wang Lichuan Jin Jiandong Ye Hehe Gong Xiang Zhan Zhendong Chen Longlong Zhang Xingze Dai Yao Li Rong Zhang Yi Yang Huaiwu Zhang Ronghua Liu Lina Chen Yongbing Xu Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Photonic and Electronic Materials School of Electronic Science and EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610054China Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Nanotechnology School of PhysicsNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Technology Center for Quantum Transport and Thermal Energy ScienceSchool of Physics and TechnologyNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China School of Science Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China York-Nanjing Joint Centre for Spintronics and NanoEngineering Department of Electronic EngineeringUniversity of YorkYork YO105DDUnited Kingdom

We report the temperature dependence of the spin pumping effect for Y_(3)Fe_(5)O_(12)(YIG,0.9μm)/NiO(tNiO)/W(6 nm)(tNiO=0 nm,1 nm,2 nm,and 10 nm)*** samples exhibit a strong temperature-dependent inverse spin Hall effect(ISHE)signal I_(c)and sensitivity to the NiO layer *** observe a dramatic decrease of I_(c)with inserting thin NiO layer between YIG and W layers indicating that the inserting of NiO layer significantly suppresses the spin transport from YIG to *** contrast to the noticeable enhancement in YIG/NiO(tNiO≈1-2 nm)/Pt,the suppression of spin transport may be closely related to the specific interface-dependent spin scattering,spin memory loss,and spin conductance at the NiO/W ***,the I_(c)of YIG/Ni O/W exhibits a maximum near the TNof the AF NiO layer because the spins are transported dominantly by incoherent thermal magnons.

关键词： spin pumping effect spin transport charge current I_(c) linewidth△H temperature dependence

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Injectable citrate-based polyurethane-urea as a tug-of-war-inspired bioactive self-expansive and planar-fixing screw augmented bone-tendon healing

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Bioactive materials 2024年第11期41卷 108-126页

作者： Meihan Tao Zhou Fang Yuting Zhu Yan Ju Zhiguo Hou Meimei Fu Zhihui Lu Daozhang Cai Jian Yang Jinshan Guo Department of Orthopedic Surgery Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration DiseasesThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510630PR China Department of Histology and Embryology NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of CosmeticsSchool of Basic Medical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510515PR China Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Repair Material Research Center Huangpu Institute of MaterialsGuangzhou New Materials Science CenterChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences88 Yonglong Avenue of Xinlong TownGuangzhou511363PR China Research Center for Industries of the Future Biomedical Engineering ProgramSchool of EngineeringWestlake UniversityHangzhouZhejiang310030PR China CAS Key Laboratory of High-Performance Synthetic Rubber and its Composite Materials Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences5625 Renmin StreetChangchun130022PR China

Inspired by tug-of-war,a game-changing bone-tendon fixation paradigm was ***,injectable citrate-based bioactive self-expansive and planar-fixing screw(iCSP-Scr)consisting of reactive isocyanate(NCO)terminalized citrate-based polyurethane,proanthocyanidin modified hydroxyapatite(HAp)and water(with/without porogen)was developed and administrated in the bone-tendon *** of the“point to point”tendon fixation by traditional interface screws,along with the moisture-induced crosslinking and expansion of iCSP-Scr within the confined space of the irregularly shaped bone-tendon gap,the tendon graft was evenly squeezed into the bone tunnel in a“surface to surface”manner to realize strong and stable bone-tendon fixation via physical expansion,mechanical interlocking and chemical bonding(between–NCO and the–NH2,–SH groups on bone matrix).The optimized iCSP-Scr exhibited rapid crosslinking,moderate expansion rate,high porosity after crosslinking,as well as tunable elasticity and *** iCSP-Scr possessed favorable biodegradability,biocompatibility,and osteoinductivity derived from citrate,PC and HAp,it was able to promote osteogenesis and new bone growth inward of bone tunnel thus further enhanced the bone/iCSP-Scr mechanical interlock,ultimately leading to stronger tendon fixation(pull-out force 106.15±23.15 N)comparing to titanium screws(93.76±17.89 N)after 14 weeks’ACL reconstruction in a rabbit *** iCSP-Scr not only can be used as a self-expansive screw facilitating bone-tendon healing,but also can be expanded into other osteogenic application scenarios.

关键词： Polyurethane Injectable Self-expansive Planar-fixing Citrate

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A Runaway Electron Avalanche Surrogate for Partially Ionized Plasmas

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Arnaud, Jonathan S. McDevitt, Christopher J. Tang, Xian-Zhu Nuclear Engineering Program Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Florida GainesvilleFL32611 United States Theoretical Division Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNM87545 United States

A physics-constrained deep learning surrogate that predicts the exponential "avalanche" growth rate of runaway electrons (REs) for a plasma containing partially ionized impurities is developed. Specifically, a physics-informed neural network (PINN) that learns the adjoint of the relativistic Fokker-Planck equation in steady-state is derived, enabling a rapid surrogate of the RE avalanche for a broad range of plasma parameters, motivating a path towards an ML-accelerated integrated description of a tokamak disruption. A steady-state power balance equation together with atomic physics data is embedded directly into the PINN, thus limiting the PINN to train across physically consistent temperatures and charge state distributions. This restricted training domain enables accurate predictions of the PINN while drastically reducing the computational cost of training the model. In addition, a novel closure for the relativistic electron population used when evaluating the secondary source of REs is developed that enables improved accuracy compared to a Rosenbluth-Putvinski source. The avalanche surrogate is verified against Monte Carlo simulations, where it is shown to accurately predict the RE avalanche growth rate across a broad range of plasma parameters encompassing distinct tokamak disruption scenarios. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Fokker Planck equation

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Real- and momentum-indirect neutral and charged excitons in a multi-valley semiconductor

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National science Open 2023年第4期2卷 76-85页

作者： Zhiheng Huang Yuhui Li Tao Bo Yanchong Zhao Fanfan Wu Lu Li Yalong Yuan Yiru Ji Le Liu Jinpeng Tian Yanbang Chu Xiaozhou Zan Yalin Peng Xiuzhen Li Yangkun Zhang Kenji Watanabe Takashi Taniguchi Zhipei Sun Wei Yang Dongxia Shi Shixuan Du Luojun Du Guangyu Zhang Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Key Laboratory for Nanoscale Physics and DevicesInstitute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology&Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201China Research Center for Functional Materials National Institute for Materials Science1-1 NamikiTsukuba 305-0044Japan International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics National Institute for Materials Science1-1 NamikiTsukuba 305-0044Japan Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering Aalto UniversityTietotie 3Espoo FI-02150Finland Quantum Technology Finland(QTF)Centre of Excellence Department of Applied PhysicsAalto UniversityAalto FI-00076Finland Beijing Key Laboratory for Nanomaterials and Nanodevices Beijing 100190China Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan 523808China

Excitons dominate the photonic and optoelectronic properties of a *** significant advancements exist in understanding various types of excitons,progress on excitons that are indirect in both real-and momentum-spaces is still ***,we demonstrate the real-and momentum-indirect neutral and charged excitons(including their phonon replicas)in a multi-valley semiconductor of bilayer MoS_(2),by performing electric-field/doping-density dependent *** with first-principles calculations,we uncover that the observed real-and momentum-indirect exciton involves electron/hole from K/Γvalley,solving the longstanding controversy of its momentum ***,the binding energy of real-and momentum-indirect charged exciton is extremely large(i.e.,~59 meV),more than twice that of real-and momentum-direct charged exciton(i.e.,~24 meV).The giant binding energy,along with the electrical tunability and long lifetime,endows real-and momentum-indirect excitons an emerging platform to study many-body physics and to illuminate developments in photonics and optoelectronics.

关键词： excitons real-and momentum-indirect exciton giant binding energy electrical tunability multi-valley semiconductor

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