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Microstructural and Micro-Chemical Evolutions in Irradiated UCO Fuel Kernels of AGR-1 and AGR-2 TRISO Fuel Particles

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2021年第1期2048卷

作者： Zhenyu Fu Yong Yang Isabella J. Van Rooyen Subhashish Meher Boopathy Kombaiah Nuclear Engineering Program Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Florida PO Box 116400 100 Rhines Hall Gainesville FL 32611 USA Fuel Design and Development Department Idaho National Laboratory Idaho Falls ID 83415-6188 USA Material Science Department Idaho National Laboratory Idaho Falls ID 83415-6188 USA Advanced Characterization Department Idaho National Laboratory Idaho Falls ID 83415-6188 USA

AGR-1 and AGR-2 tristructural-isotropic (TRISO) fuel particles were fabricated using slightly different fuel kernel chemical compositions, modified fabrication processes, different fuel kernel diameters, and changed 235U enrichments. Extensive microstructural and analytical characterizations were conducted to correlate those differences with the fuel kernels' responses to neutron irradiations in terms of irradiated fuel microstructure, fission products' chemical and physical states, and fission gas bubble evolutions. The studies used state-of-the-art transmission electron microscopy (TEM) equipped with energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) via four silicon solid-state detectors with super sensitivity and rapid speed. The TEM specimens were prepared from selected AGR-1 and AGR-2 irradiated fuel kernels exposed to safety testing after irradiation. The particles were chosen in order to create representative irradiation conditions with fuel burnup in the range of 10.8 to 18.6% fissions per initial metal atom (FIMA) and time-average volume-average temperatures varying from 1070 to 1287°C. The 235U enrichment was 19.74 wt.% and 14.03 wt.% for the AGR-1 and AGR-2 fuel kernels, respectively. The TEM results showed significant microstructural reconstructions in the irradiated fuel kernels from both the AGR-1 and AGR-2 fuels. There are four major phases: fuel matrix of UO2 and UC, U2RuC2, and UMoC2—in the irradiated AGR-2 fuel kernel. Zr and Nd form a solid solution in the UC phase. The UMoC2 phase often features a detectable concentration of Tc. Pd was mainly found to be located in the buffer layer or associated with fission gas bubbles within the UMoC2 phase. EDS maps qualitatively show that rare-earth fission products (Nd et al.) preferentially reside in the UO2 phase. In contrast, in the irradiated AGR-1 fuel kernel, no U2RuC2 or UMoC2 precipitates were positively identified. Instead, there was a high number of rod-shaped precipitates enriched with Ru, Tc, Rh, and Pd

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Reversibly Photoswitching Upconversion Nanoparticles for Super-Sensitive Photoacoustic Molecular Imaging

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Angewandte Chemie 2022年第19期134卷

作者： Dr. Cheng Liu Dr. Xianchuang Zheng Tingting Dai Dr. Huiliang Wang Dr. Xian Chen Dr. Bing Chen Dr. Tianying Sun Prof. Feng Wang Prof. Steven Chu Prof. Jianghong Rao Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford Departments of Radiology and Chemistry School of Medicine Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA Institute of Nanophotonics Jinan University Guangzhou 511443 China Department of Bioengineering Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China College of Materials Science and Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen 51860 China Departments of Physics and Molecular and Cellular Physiology Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA

Photoacoustic (PA) imaging uses light excitation to generate the acoustic signal for detection and improves tissue penetration depth and spatial resolution in the clinically relevant depth of living subjects. However, strong background signals from blood and pigments have significantly compromised the sensitivity of PA imaging with exogenous contrast agents. Here we report a nanoparticle-based probe design that uses light to reversibly modulate the PA emission to enable photoacoustic photoswitching imaging (PAPSI) in living mice. Such a nanoprobe is built with upconverting nanocrystals and photoswitchable small molecules and can be switched on by NIR light through upconversion to UV energy. Reversibly photoswitching of the nanoprobe reliably removed strong tissue background, increased the contrast-to-noise ratio, and thus improved imaging sensitivity. We have shown that PAPSI can image 0.05 nM of the nanoprobe in hemoglobin solutions and 10 4 labeled cancer cells after implantation in living mice using a commercial PA imager.

关键词： Imaging Agents Near-infrared Photoacoustic Imaging Reversible Photoswitching Upconversion Nanoparticles

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Erratum “15.9% organic tandem solar cell with extended near-infrared absorption” [Appl. Phys. Lett. 116, 153501 (2020)]

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Applied Physics Letters 2021年第21期118卷

作者： Xinjing Huang Bangjin Sun Yongxi Li Chao Jiang Dejiu Fan Jian Fan Stephen R. Forrest 1Applied Physics Program University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA 2Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China 3Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA 4Department of Physics and Material Science and Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA

The authors regret that a related article was not cited in the original published article.1 In the first paragraph, the sentence “We introduce a surface treatme

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Perovskite Solar Cells: Enhancing Efficiency and Stability of Photovoltaic Cells by Using Perovskite/Zr-MOF Heterojunction Including Bilayer and Hybrid Structures (Adv. Sci. 5/2019)

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Advanced science 2019年第5期6卷 1970030-1970030页

作者： Chia-Chen Lee Chih-I Chen Yu-Te Liao Kevin C.-W. Wu Chu-Chen Chueh Department of Chemical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan Advanced Research Center for Green Materials Science and Technology National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan Center of Atomic Initiative for New Materials (AI-MAT) National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan International Graduate Program of Molecular Science and Technology (NTU-MST) National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan

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Therapeutic targeting of hepatocellular carcinoma cells with antrocinol, a novel, dual-specificity, small-molecule inhibitor of the KRAS and ERK oncogenic signaling pathways

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Chemico-Biological Interactions 2023年第1期370卷 110329页

作者： Hsu, Chia-Hung Weng, Pei-Wei Chen, Ming-Yao Yeh, Chi-Tai Setiawan, Syahru Agung Yadav, Vijesh Kumar Wu, Alexander T.H. Tzeng, David T.W. Gong, Jian-Xian Yang, Zhen Tzeng, Yew-Min Department of Emergency Medicine Shuang Ho Hospital Taipei Medical University New Taipei City 23561 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Injury Prevention and Control College of Public Health Taipei Medical University Taipei City 11031 Taiwan Department of Emergency Medicine School of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei 11031 Taiwan Department of Orthopaedics School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei 11031 Taiwan Department of Orthopaedics Shuang Ho Hospital Taipei Medical University New Taipei City 23561 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei 11031 Taiwan Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal Medicine Shuang Ho Hospital New Taipei City 23561 Taiwan Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal Medicine School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei 11031 Taiwan Continuing Education Program of Food Biotechnology Applications College of Science and Engineering National Taitung University Taitung 95092 Taiwan International Ph.D. Program in Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei 11031 Taiwan Ph.D. Program of Translational Medicine College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University Taipei 11031 Taiwan School of Life Sciences The Chinese University of Hong Kong 999077 Hong Kong Lifebit London EC2A 2AP United Kingdom Laboratory of Chemical Genomics School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 China State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China Shenzhen Bay Laboratory Shenzhen 518055 China Department of Applied Science National Taitung University Taitung

Until recently, sorafenib has been the only treatment approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Some patients, however, exhibit resistance to this treatment and subsequently experience cancer progression, recurrence, or death. Therefore, identifying a new alternative treatment for patients with little or no response to sorafenib treatment is vital. In this study, we explored the therapeutic potential and underlying molecular mechanism of antrocinol ((3aS,4R,6aS,10aR)-4-(hydroxymethyl)-7,7-dimethyldecahydro-1H-naphtho[1,8a-c]furan-1-one) in patients with HCC. The results indicated that antrocinol was more therapeutically effective than antrocin, Stivarga, and sorafenib against HCC cell lines. Antrocinol also substantially suppressed the expression of KRAS-GTP, p-MEK1/2, p-ERK1/2, and p-AKT in the Huh7 cell line. Additionally, antrocinol-induced apoptosis in the Huh7 cell line, inhibited the formation of tumorspheres, and suppressed the expression of cancer stem cell markers CD133, KLF4, CD44, OCT4, SOX2, and c-Myc. Animal studies revealed that antrocinol alone considerably suppressed tumor growth in nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient mice inoculated with Huh7 tumorspheres. It also synergistically enhanced the anticancer effect of sorafenib, resulting in enhanced suppression of tumor growth (p < 0.001) and tumorsphere formation (p < 0.001). In tumor samples resected from mice treated with antrocinol alone or in combination with sorafenib, immunohistochemical analysis revealed an increase in BAX expression and a decrease in ERK and AKT protein expression. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the anti-HCC activity of antrocinol. With its higher therapeutic efficacy than that of sorafenib, antrocinol is a candidate drug for patients with HCC who demonstrate little or no response to sorafenib treatment. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Antrocinol Cancer stemness Hepatocellular carcinoma KRAS/AKT/ERK axis Sorafenib

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Dynamic Covalent Bonds Enabled Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers Recyclability and Material Circularity

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Angewandte Chemie 2024年第40期136卷

作者： Xiaotong Fan Jie Zheng Jayven Chee Chuan Yeo Sheng Wang Ke Li Joseph Kinyanjui Muiruri Nikos Hadjichristidis Zibiao Li Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals Energy and Environment (ISCE2) Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR) 1 Pesek Road Jurong Island Singapore 627833 Republic of Singapore Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE) Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR) 2 Fusionopolis Way Innovis #08-03 Singapore 138634 Republic of Singapore Polymer Synthesis Laboratory Chemistry Program KAUST Catalysis Center Physical Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955 Saudi Arabia Department of Materials Science & Engineering National University of Singapore 9 Engineering Drive 1 Singapore 117575 Republic of Singapore

Due to their remarkable features of lightweight, high strength, stiffness, high-temperature resistance, and corrosion resistance, carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRPs) are extensively used in sports equipment, vehicles, aircraft, windmill blades, and other sectors. The urging need to develop a resource-saving and environmentally responsible society requires the recycling of CFRPs. Traditional CFRPs, on the other hand, are difficult to recycle due to the permanent covalent crosslinking of polymer matrices. The combination of covalent adaptable networks (CANs) with carbon fibers (CFs) marks a new development path for closed-loop recyclable CFRPs and polymer resins. In this review, we summarize the most recent developments of closed-loop recyclable CFRPs from the unique paradigm of dynamic crosslinking polymers, CANs. These sophisticated materials with diverse functions, oriented towards CFs recycling and resin sustainability, are further categorized into several active domains of dynamic covalent bonds, including ester bonds, imine bonds, disulfide bonds, boronic ester bonds, and acetal linkages, etc. Finally, the possible strategies for the future design of recyclable CFPRs by combining dynamic covalent chemistry innovation with materials interface science are proposed.

关键词： dynamic covalent bonds carbon fiber reinforced polymers recyclability materials circularity

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Three-dimensional ultrafast charge-density-wave dynamics in CuTe

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Nature Communications 2024年第1期15卷 2386页

作者： Nhat Quyen, Nguyen Tzeng, Wen-Yen Hsu, Chih-En Lin, I-An Chen, Wan-Hsin Jia, Hao-Hsiang Wang, Sheng-Chiao Liu, Cheng-En Chen, Yu-Sheng Chen, Wei-Liang Chou, Ta-Lei Wang, I-Ta Kuo, Chia-Nung Lin, Chun-Liang Wu, Chien-Te Lin, Ping-Hui Weng, Shih-Chang Cheng, Cheng-Maw Kuo, Chang-Yang Tu, Chien-Ming Chu, Ming-Wen Chang, Yu-Ming Lue, Chin Shan Hsueh, Hung-Chung Luo, Chih-Wei Department of Electrophysics National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan Department of Electronic Engineering National Formosa University Yunlin 632 Taiwan Department of Physics Tamkang University New Taipei City 251301 Taiwan National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center Hsinchu 30076 Taiwan Center for Condensed Matter Sciences National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan Department of Physics National Cheng Kung University Tainan 70101 Taiwan Physics Division National Center for Theoretical Sciences Taipei Taiwan Undergraduate Degree Program of Systems Engineering and Technology National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan Chung Cheng Institute of Technology National Defense University Taoyuan 335009 Taiwan Center of Atomic Initiative for New Materials (AI-MAT) National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan Taiwan Consortium of Emergent Crystalline Materials (TCECM) National Science and Technology Council Taipei 10601 Taiwan Institute of Physics and Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan Department of Physics University of Washington Seattle 98195 WA United States

Charge density waves (CDWs) involved with electronic and phononic subsystems simultaneously are a common quantum state in solid-state physics, especially in low-dimensional materials. However, CDW phase dynamics in various dimensions are yet to be studied, and their phase transition mechanism is currently moot. Here we show that using the distinct temperature evolution of orientation-dependent ultrafast electron and phonon dynamics, different dimensional CDW phases are verified in CuTe. When the temperature decreases, the shrinking of c-axis length accompanied with the appearance of interchain and interlayer interactions causes the quantum fluctuations (QF) of the CDW phase until 220 K. At T < 220 K, the CDWs on the different ab-planes are finally locked with each other in anti-phase to form a CDW phase along the c-axis. This study shows the dimension evolution of CDW phases in one CDW system and their stabilized mechanisms in different temperature regimes. © The Author(s) 2024.

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Corrigendum: Azide photochemistry for facile modification of graphitic surfaces: preparation of DNA-coated carbon nanotubes for biosensing

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Nanotechnology 2013年第37期24卷

作者： Minoo J Moghaddam Wenrong Yang Barbara Bojarski Thomas R Gengenbach Mei Gao Hadi M Zareie Maxine J McCall CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering North Ryde NSW 2113 Australia Present address: School of Life and Environmental Sciences Deakin University Geelong Vic 3217 Australia. CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering Clayton VIC 3169 Australia Institute for Nano-scale Technology University of Technology Sydney NSW 2007 Australia Present address: Nanotechnology Graduate Program Department of Electrical Engineering Gediz University Izmir Turkey. CSIRO Animal Food and Health Sciences North Ryde NSW 2113 Australia

The full text of this article is available in the PDF provided.

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Thin-Film Transistors: High-Performance Flexible Thin-Film Transistors Based on Single-Crystal-Like Germanium on Glass (Adv. Electron. Mater. 8/2016)

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Advanced Electronic materials 2016年第8期2卷

作者： Mojtaba Asadirad Ying Gao Pavel Dutta Shahab Shervin Sicong Sun Srikanth Ravipati Seung Hwan Kim Yao Yao Keon Hwa Lee Alexander P. Litvinchuk Venkat Selvamanickam Jae-Hyun Ryou Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Houston Houston TX 77204 USA Texas Center for Superconductivity at the University of Houston (TcSUH) University of Houston Houston TX 77204 USA Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Houston 4726 Calhoun Rd Rm N207 Houston TX 77204-4006 USA

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A Superior Low‐Cost Cathode for a Na‐Ion Battery†

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Angewandte Chemie 2013年第7期125卷

作者： Long Wang Yuhao Lu Jue Liu Maowen Xu Jinguang Cheng Dawei Zhang John B. Goodenough Material Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute The University of Texas at Austin Austin TX 78712 (USA) Chemistry Department State University of New York at Stony Brook Stony Brook NY 11794 (USA) School of Chemical Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 (P.R. China)

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