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Strain-tuning of domain walls in multilayer graphene probed in the quantum Hall regime

Physical Review B 2022年第8期105卷 L081408-L081408页

作者： Paul Anderson Yifan Huang Yuanjun Fan Sara Qubbaj Sinisa Coh Qin Zhou Claudia Ojeda-Aristizabal Department of Physics and Astronomy California State University Long Beach Long Beach California 90840 USA Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering University of Nebraska Lincoln Nebraska 68588-0526 USA Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California Riverside Riverside California 92521 USA

Domain walls, topological defects that define the frontier between regions of different stacking order in multilayer graphene, have proved to host exciting physics. The ability to tune these topological defects in situ in an electronic transport experiment brings a wealth of possibilities in terms of fundamental understanding of domain walls as well as for electronic applications. Here, we demonstrate, through a MEMS (microelectromechanical system) actuator and magnetoresistance measurements, the effect of domain walls in multilayer graphene quantum Hall effect. Reversible and controlled uniaxial strain triggers the topological defects, manifested as addtional quantum Hall effect plateaus as well as a discrete and reversible modulation of the current across the device. Our findings are supported by theoretical calculations and constitute indication of the in situ tuning of topological defects in multilayer graphene probed through electronic transport, opening the way for the use of reversible topological defects in electronic applications.

关键词： Domain walls Transport phenomena Graphene Resistivity measurements Tight-binding model

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Fabrication, Characterization, and Electromechanical Reliability of Stretchable Circuitry for Health Monitoring Systems

Fabrication, Characterization, and Electromechanical Reliabi...

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Electronic Components and Technology Conference (ECTC)

作者： Behnam Garakani K. Udara S. Somarathna Riadh Al-Haidari Firas W Alshatnavi Detlef-Matthias Smilgies Mark D Poliks Materials Science and Engineering Program Binghamton University Binghamton USA Department of System Science and Industrial Engineering Binghamton University Binghamton USA Department of System Science and Engineering Binghamton University Binghamton USA

In this study, commercially available stretchable hybrid conductors including silver flakes in an elastomeric matrix were screen printed on thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) followed by encapsulation via the stretchable dielectric. Test vehicles include straight and serpentine lines with various thicknesses and wavelengths, respectively. Metrology was also performed to assess line thickness, width, and variability. The modular force stage (MFS) was used to characterize the initiation and propagation of microcracks. The results of the uniaxial tensile test showed that increasing the strain amplitude resulted in an increase in the electrical resistance and the rate of damage accumulation in the serpentine traces was lower than that of the straight traces. Additionally, the serpentine trace with the highest ratio of meander arm length to curvature remained conductive up to a strain amplitude of 150%. A systematic increase in electrical resistance from cycle to cycle was observed when the conductor was subjected to a strain amplitude of 10% for 1000 stretching cycles. The effect of processing conditions as well as test conditions will be discussed in detail.

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Reprint of:The materials science of skin: Analysis, characterization, and modeling

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Progress in materials science 2021年 120卷 100816-100816页

作者： Pissarenko, Andrei Meyers, Marc A. Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department University of California San Diego United States Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California San Diego United States Nanoengineering Department University of California San Diego United States

Skin is the outermost layer of the body and acts as a primary protective barrier against external agents such as heat, light, infection, and injury. Additionally, skin regulates the temperature of the body and the exchange of fluids. Skin contains a vast network of nerves, glands, and vessels that enable sensing of heat, touch, pressure and pain, and is also a crucial interface that regulates our body temperature and stores water and lipids to maintain a healthy metabolism. In order to fulfill such a broad range of functions throughout life, skin must be able to withstand and recover from significant deformation as well as mitigate tear propagation that can occur during growth, movement, and injuries affecting its integrity. Hence, characterizing the mechanical behavior of skin and understanding the underlying mechanisms of deformation at different spatial scales is essential in a large spectrum of applications such as surgery, cosmetics, forensics, biomimetics and engineering of protective gear or artificial grafts, among others. The present review draws a comprehensive list of experimental techniques that have been developed over the years to test skin's nonlinear elastic, viscoelastic, and dissipative properties. To identify parameters affecting its behavior, a significant number of models have been developed, some of which are detailed here;they range from macroscopic constitutive laws to structurally-based formulations, involving nonlinear, dynamic, or damage-inducing processes. The principal structural elements within the dermis, and especially the arrangement and orientation of the collagen fibrils and fibers, are presented;their incorporation into the constitutive models is discussed. Future challenges and perspectives in implementing more accurate structural models are highlighted. Major efforts at developing and using synthetic skin are described. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Collagen

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Designed spin-texture-lattice to control anisotropic magnon transport in antiferromagnets

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Meisenheimer, Peter Ramesh, Maya Husain, Sajid Harris, Isaac Park, Hyeon Woo Zhou, Shiyu Taghinejad, Hossein Zhang, Hongrui Martin, Lane W. Analytis, James Stevenson, Paul Íñiguez-González, Jorge Kim, Se Kwon Schlom, Darrell G. Caretta, Lucas Yao, Zhi Ramesh, Ramamoorthy Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California BerkeleyCA United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Cornell University IthacaNY United States Materials Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA United States Department of Physics University of California BerkeleyCA United States Daejeon Korea Republic of Department of Physics Brown University ProvidenceRI United States School of Engineering Brown University ProvidenceRI United States Department of Physics Northeastern University BostonMA United States Department of Physics and Astronomy and Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice Advanced Materials Institute Rice University HoustonTX United States Department of Chemistry Rice University HoustonTX United States Esch-sur-Alzette Luxembourg Department of Physics and Materials Science University of Luxembourg Belvaux Luxembourg Kavli Institue for Nanoscale Science Cornell University IthacaNY United States Leibniz-Institut für Kristallzüchtung Berlin Germany Applied Mathematics and Computational Research Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA United States

Spin waves in magnetic materials are promising information carriers for future computing technologies due to their ultra-low energy dissipation and long coherence length. Antiferromagnets are strong candidate materials due, in part, to their stability to external fields and larger group velocities. Multiferroic aniferromagnets, such as BiFeO3 (BFO), have an additional degree of freedom stemming from magnetoelectric coupling, allowing for control of the magnetic structure, and thus spin waves, with electric field. Unfortunately, spin-wave propagation in BFO is not well understood due to the complexity of the magnetic structure. In this work, we explore long-range spin transport within an epitaxially engineered, electrically tunable, one-dimensional (1D) magnonic crystal. We discover a striking anisotropy in the spin transport parallel and perpendicular to the 1D crystal axis. Multiscale theory and simulation suggests that this preferential magnon conduction emerges from a combination of a population imbalance in its dispersion, as well as anisotropic structural scattering. This work provides a pathway to electrically-reconfigurable magnonic crystals in antiferromagnets. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Magnetic structure

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Impact of fabrication methods on binder distribution and charge transport in composite cathodes of all-solid-state batteries

材料展望（英文）

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材料展望（英文） 2023年第4期 121-129页

作者： Benjamin Emley Chaoshan Wu Lihong Zhao Qing Ai Yanliang Liang Zhaoyang Chen Liqun Guo Tanguy Terlier Jun Lou Zheng Fan Yan Yao Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Center for Superconductivity at the University of Houston University of Houston4726 Calhoun RdHoustonTX 77204United States of America Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Center for Superconductivity at the University of Houston University of Houston4726 Calhoun RdHoustonTX 77204United States of America Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Houston4726 Calhoun RdHoustonTX 77204United States of America Department of Materials Science and Nano Engineering Rice University6100 Main StreetHoustonTX 77005United States of America SIMS Laboratory Shared Equipment AuthorityRice UniversityHoustonTX 77005United States of America Department of Engineering Technology University of HoustonHoustonTX 77204United States of America

The manufacturing process of all-solid-state batteries necessitates the use of polymer ***,these binders,being ionic insulators by nature,can adversely affect charge transport within composite cathodes,thereby impacting the rate performance of the *** this work,we aim to investigate the impact of fabrication methods,specifically the solvent-free dry process versus the slurry-cast wet process,on binder distribution and charge transport in composite cathodes of solid-state *** the dry process,the binder forms a fibrous network,while the wet process results in binder coverage on the surface of cathode active *** difference in microstructure leads to a notable 20-fold increase in ionic conductivity in the dry-processed ***,the cells processed via the dry method exhibit higher capacity retention of 89％and 83％at C/3 and C/2 rates,respectively,in comparison to 68％and 58％for the wet-processed cells at the same *** findings provide valuable insights into the influence of fabrication methods on binder distribution and charge transport,contributing to a better understanding of the binder's role in manufacturing of all-solid-state batteries.

关键词： solid-state battery solvent-free dry process polymer binder lithium thiophosphate electrolyte

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Terahertz spin dynamics in rare-earth orthoferrites

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Photonics Insights 2022年第2期1卷 1-56页

作者： Xinwei Li Dasom Kim Yincheng Liu Junichiro Kono Department of Physics California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaUSA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice UniversityHoustonUSA Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl InstituteRice UniversityHoustonUSA Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice UniversityHoustonUSA Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice UniversityHoustonUSA

Recent interest in developing fast spintronic devices and laser-controllable magnetic solids has sparked tremendous experimental and theoretical efforts to understand and manipulate ultrafast dynamics in *** of spin dynamics in the terahertz(THz)frequency range are particularly important for elucidating microscopic pathways toward novel device ***,we review THz phenomena related to spin dynamics in rare-earth orthoferrites,a class of materials promising for antiferromagnetic *** expand this topic into a description of four key elements.(1)We start by describing THz spectroscopy of spin excitations for probing magnetic phase transitions in thermal *** acoustic magnons are useful indicators of spin reorientation transitions,electromagnons that arise from dynamic magnetoelectric couplings serve as a signature of inversion-symmetry-breaking phases at low temperatures.(2)We then review the strong laser driving scenario,where the system is excited far from equilibrium and thereby subject to modifications to the free-energy *** pathways for ultrafast laser manipulation of magnetic order are discussed.(3)Furthermore,we review a variety of protocols to manipulate coherent THz magnons in time and space,which are useful capabilities for antiferromagnetic spintronic applications.(4)Finally,new insights into the connection between dynamic magnetic coupling in condensed matter and the Dicke superradiant phase transition in quantum optics are *** presenting a review on an array of THz spin phenomena occurring in a single class of materials,we hope to trigger interdisciplinary efforts that actively seek connections between subfields of spintronics,which will facilitate the invention of new protocols of active spin control and quantum phase engineering.

关键词： terahertz spin dynamics magnetism orthoferrite ultrafast spectroscopy magneto-optics

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Control of quality factor of atomic force microscopy cantilever by cavity optomechanical effect

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Austin-Bingamon, Noah Binod, D.C. Miyahara, Yoichi Materials Science Engineering and Commericialization program Texas State University San MarcosTX78640 United States Department of Physics Texas State University San MarcosTX78640 United States

Quality factor plays a fundamental role in dynamic mode atomic force microscopy. We present a technique to modify the quality factor of an atomic force microscopy cantilever within a Fabry-Pérot optical interferometer. The experimental setup uses two separate laser sources to detect and excite the oscillation of the cantilever. While the intensity modulation of the excitation laser drives the oscillation of the cantilever, the average intensity can be used to modify the quality factor via optomechanical force, without changing the fiber-cantilever cavity length. The technique enables users to optimize the quality factor for different types of measurements without influencing the deflection measurement sensitivity. An unexpected frequency shift was also observed and modelled as temperature dependence of the cantilever’s Young’s modulus, which was validated using finite element simulation. The model was used to compensate for the thermal frequency shift. The simulation provided relations between optical power, temperature, and frequency shift. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Temperature distribution

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Integrated Approachs for Calcination-Free Lithium Extraction from Beta-Spodumene and Synthesis of Lta-Type Zeolite: Experimental Insights and Computational Analysis

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Dos Santos, Leonardo Leandro Do Nascimento, Rubens Maribondo Castellã Pergher, Sibele Berenice Department of Chemistry Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Natal59078970 Brazil Postgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Natal59078970 Brazil

This study presents a novel approach to extract lithium from beta-spodumene and synthe- size LTA-type zeolite as a by-product, with no organic solvents or calcination. The process involves solubilization with sodium salts and the recycling of the mother liquor, with lithium content quantified via atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) from the supernatant. Syn- thesis conditions were carefully optimized to achieve the concurrent synthesis of LTA-type zeolite, denoted as LPM-15, characterized by cubic morphology and spherical facets. Com- putational simulations using density functional theory (DFT) were employed to investigate the impact of cation exchange processes (Na+/Al3+, NH4+/Al3+, and Ca2+/Al3+) on the stability of the LPM-15 structure and molecular diffusion within its zeolitic pores. Addi- tionally, the mobility of cations within the LPM-15 was assessed through cation exchange capacity (CEC) measurements. This comprehensive approach elucidates the fundamental mechanisms underlying LTA zeolite synthesis and provides valuable insights into potential applications, particularly in water purification. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Density functional theory

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Neuro-Regenerative Behavior of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in Aligned Collagen I Hydrogels

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Lewis, Mackenzie David, Gabriel Jacobs, Danielle Woessner, Alan E. Kuczwara, Patrick Kim, Jin-Woo Quinn, Kyle P. Song, Younghye Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Arkansas FayettevilleAR United States Department of Biological & Agricultural Engineering University of Arkansas FayettevilleAR United States Materials Science & Engineering Program University of Arkansas FayettevilleAR United States

Peripheral nerve injuries persist as a major clinical issue facing the US population and can be caused by stretch, laceration, or crush injuries. Small nerve gaps are simple to treat, and the nerve stumps can be reattached with sutures. In longer nerve gaps, traditional treatment options consist of autografts, hollow nerve guidance conduits, and, more recently, manufactured fibrous scaffolds. These manufactured scaffolds often incorporate stem cells, growth factors, and/or extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins to better mimic the native environment but can have issues with homogenous cell distribution or uniformly oriented neurite outgrowth in scaffolds without fibrous alignment. Here, we utilize a custom device to fabricate collagen I hydrogels with aligned fibers and encapsulated adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) for potential use as a peripheral nerve repair graft. Analysis of these scaffolds in vitro revealed heightened therapeutic secretome from ASCs, ECM deposition, and dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurite outgrowth along the axis of fiber alignment. Our platform serves as an in vitro testbed platform to assess neuro-regenerative potential of ASCs in aligned collagen fiber scaffolds and may provide guidance on next-generation nerve repair scaffold design. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Collagen

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Picosecond optical-to-x-ray (Cd,Mg)Te radiation detectors

Picosecond optical-to-x-ray (Cd,Mg)Te radiation detectors

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2023 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2023

作者： Cheng, J. Komissarov, I. Chen, G. Chakraborty, D. Kutcher, S. Chen, H. Trivedi, S. Sobolewski, Roman Materials Science Graduate Program University of Rochester RochesterNY14627 United States Laboratory for Laser Energetics University of Rochester RochesterNY14623 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Rochester RochesterNY14627 United States Brimrose Technology Corp SparksMD21152 United States

We developed a dual optical/x-ray ultrafast photodetector based on in-house grown Cdo * Mg0.03Te single crystals. The detector is characterized by ~200 ps full-width-at-half-maximum, readout-electronics limited photor... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171258

关键词： X ray detectors

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