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arXiv 2023年

作者： Tay, Fuyang Chaudhary, Swati He, Jiaming Peraca, Nicolas Marquez Baydin, Andrey Fiete, Gregory A. Zhou, Jianshi Kono, Junichiro Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Physics University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Department of Physics Northeastern University BostonMA02115 United States Department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Materials Science and Engineering Program Mechanical Engineering University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States

We have studied the terahertz response of a bulk single crystal of La0.875Sr0.125MnO3at around its Curie temperature, observing large changes in the real and imaginary parts of the optical conductivity as a function of magnetic field. The terahertz resistance and capacitance extracted from the optical conductivity rapidly increased with increasing magnetic field and did not show any sign of saturation up to 6 T, reaching 60% and 15%, respectively, at 180 K. The observed terahertz colossal magnetoresistance and magnetocapacitance effects can be qualitatively explained by using a two-component model that assumes the coexistence of two phases with vastly different conductivities. These results demonstrate the potential use of perovskite manganites for developing efficient terahertz devices based on magnetic modulations of the amplitude and phase of terahertz waves. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Optical conductivity

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Hierarchically Porous, Single Zn Atom-Embedded Carbon Molecular Sieves for H2 Separations

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Hu, Leiqing Lee, Won-Il Roy, Soumyabrata Subramanian, Ashwanth Kisslinger, Kim Zhu, Lingxiang Fan, Shouhong Hwang, Sooyeon Bui, Vinh T. Tran, Thien Zhang, Gengyi Ding, Yifu Ajayan, Pulickel M. Nam, Chang-Yong Lin, Haiqing Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University at Buffalo The State University of New York BuffaloNY14260 United States Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Stony Brook University Stony BrookNY11794 United States Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Center for Functional Nanomaterials Brookhaven National Laboratory UptonNY11973 United States Department of Energy National Energy Technology Laboratory PittsburghPA15236 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States

Hierarchically porous materials containing sub-nm pores with molecular sieving abilities and microcavities with high gas diffusivity may realize energy-efficient membranes for gas separations. However, rationally designing and constructing such pores into large-area membranes enabling superior H2 purification remains challenging. Here we report the synthesis and utilization of hybrid carbon molecular sieve membranes with well-controlled nano- and micro-pores and single zinc atoms and clusters well-dispersed inside the nanopores, via the carbonization of supramolecular mixed matrix materials containing amorphous and crystalline zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8). Carbonization temperature is used to fine-tune pore bottlenecks of 3.3–3.8 Ǻ, allowing unprecedented H2/CO2, H2/CH4, H2/N2, and H2/C2H6 separations with excellent stability against water vapor and physical aging. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Energy efficiency

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Field-induced spin polarization in the lightly Cr-substituted layered antiferromagnet NiPS3

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Physical Review B 2024年第18期109卷 184405-184405页

作者： Rabindra Basnet Dinesh Upreti Taksh Patel Santosh Karki Chhetri Gokul Acharya Md Rafique Un Nabi M. M. Sharma Josh Sakon Mansour Mortazavi Jin Hu Department of Chemistry and Physics University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff Pine Bluff Arkansas 71603 USA Department of Physics University of Arkansas Fayetteville Arkansas 72701 USA Fayetteville High School Fayetteville Arkansas 72701 USA MonArk NSF Quantum Foundry University of Arkansas Fayetteville Arkansas 72701 USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Arkansas Fayetteville Arkansas 72701 USA Materials Science and Engineering Program Institute for Nanoscience and Engineering University of Arkansas Fayetteville Arkansas 72701 USA

Tuning magnetic properties in layered magnets is an important route to realize novel phenomenon related to two-dimensional (2D) magnetism. Recently, tuning antiferromagnetic (AFM) properties through substitution and intercalation techniques has been widely studied in MPX3 compounds. Interesting phenomena, such as diverse AFM structures and even the signatures of ferrimagnetism, have been reported. However, long-range ferromagnetic (FM) ordering has remained elusive. In this work, we explored the magnetic properties of the Cr-substituted NiPS3. We found that Cr substitution is extremely efficient in controlling spin orientation in NiPS3. Our study reveals a field-induced spin polarization in lightly (9%) Cr-substituted NiPS3, which is likely attributed to the attenuation of AFM interactions and magnetic anisotropy due to Cr doping. Our work provides a possible strategy to achieve FM phase in AFM MPX3, which could be useful for investigating 2D magnetism as well as potential device applications.

关键词： Antiferromagnetism Magnetic anisotropy Magnetic order Magnetic phase transitions 2-dimensional systems Antiferromagnets Van der Waals systems Ion implantation Magnetization measurements

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Impact damage and injection repair strength restoration 36

Impact damage and injection repair strength restoration

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36th Technical Conference of the American Society for Composites 2021: Composites Ingenuity Taking on Challenges in Environment-Energy-Economy, ASC 2021

作者： Massey, Justin Romasko, Barrett Kim, Hyonny Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California San Diego La Jolla CA92093 United States Department of Structural Engineering University of California San Diego La Jolla CA92093 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781713837596

Impact damage to composite structures can lead to a range of damage modes. Of interest is modest damage composed of delaminations less than 50 mm in size, and no visible impact-side fiber breakage. While resin injection is a current-practice repair technique that can be used to address these damage modes in a manner that is much less invasive than bonded scarf patch repair, the injection technique is not currently credited as one restoring strength back to laminate. Issues of quantifying the removal of any internal contamination, assessing degree of resin fill, and demonstration of how much strength is restored are being addressed within the scope of this research activity. Resin injection will be conducted and the resulting strength restoration assessed in local fracture tests (end-notch flexure). The formation of actual impact damage morphologies, namely multiple planes of delamination interconnected with matrix cracks, is a critical aspect of this problem. Three 25-ply composite panel types having varying percentage of 0o fiber content have been impacted under low velocity at a range of energy levels. Resulting force vs. time and ultrasonic mapping of damage extent. Damage produced by such impacts will be used in subsequent injection repair studies. Intentional contamination will be introduced, and then removal will be achieved via injected solvents and atmospheric plasma, with monitoring of contaminant presence achieved by in-line quantitative chemical analysis. © 36th Technical Conference of the American Society for Composites 2021: Composites Ingenuity Taking on Challenges in Environment-Energy-Economy, ASC 2021.

关键词： Restoration

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Development and Validation of a Low-Cost Integrated Track Geometry Measurement Vehicle Through On-Track Testing on Indonesian Railway Networks

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Mukhlisin, Agus Shiddieqy, Rizaldy Hakim Ash Ridwan, Mohamad Arifurrahman, Faizal Prasetyo, Febrian Angga Kartikasari, Endah Nurirawan, Rizkhi Universitas Airlangga Electrical Engineering Department Faculty of Advanced Technology and Multidiscipline Surabaya60115 Indonesia Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Industrial Mechanical Engineering Department Surabaya60111 Indonesia Department of Electrical Engineering Surabaya60111 Indonesia Institut Teknologi Bandung Lightweight Structures Research Group Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Bandung40132 Indonesia Rice University Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering HoustonTX77005 United States PT. Kereta Api Indonesia Bandung Indonesia PT. Wiksa Daya Pratama Surabaya Indonesia

Railway networks are critical infrastructures that facilitate efficient transportation of goods and passengers across vast distances. Ensuring their safe and reliable operation is paramount. Practical track inspection and maintenance prevent accidents, optimize operational efficiency, and reduce lifecycle costs. However, manual methods still dominate in Indonesia, limiting coverage and introducing variability. We developed an affordable integrated track geometry and irregularities inspection vehicle to help address this issue. The vehicle embeds multiple sensors to measure critical track parameters like an affordable commercial solution. A static test against manually calibrated measurements showed less than 5% deviation. Dynamic testing over 2000 m of operational track across two days validated the sensor's consistency. At approximately one-twelfth the cost of commercial vehicles, this vehicle could improve Indonesia's inspection methodology. While design refinements are recommended, preliminary results demonstrate its potential to enhance safety and efficiency cost-effectively through data-driven nationwide maintenance planning. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Maintenance

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Subwavelength-Engineered Antislot Photonic Crystals in a Silicon Photonics Foundry for On-chip Communications

Subwavelength-Engineered Antislot Photonic Crystals in a Sil...

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： Kellen P. Arnold Joshua A. Allen Sami I. Halimi Landen D. Ryder Francis O. Afzal Yusheng Bian Abdelsalam Aboketaf Takako Hirokawa Kevin Dezfulian Michal Rakowski Rod Augur Karen Nummy Sharon M. Weiss Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt MD US GlobalFoundries Malta NY USA

We report scalable foundry fabrication and characterization of photonic crystal nanobeam waveguides incorporating subwavelength-scale dielectric antislot unit cells. This work enables enhanced light-matter interaction... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9798350369311

关键词： Mach-Zehnder interferometers Optical device fabrication Photonic crystals Waveguide lasers Lasers and electrooptics Electro-optic modulators Silicon photonics Foundries System-on-chip Electro-optical waveguides

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Decoding the Roles of Amyloid-β (1-42)’s Key Oligomerization Domains toward Designing Epitope-Specific Aggregation Inhibitors

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JACS Au 2023年第4期3卷 1065-1075页

作者： Im, Dongjoon Kim, Soohyeong Yoon, Gyusub Hyun, Da Gyeong Eom, Yu-Gon Lee, Ye Eun Sohn, Chang Ho Choi, Jeong-Mo Kim, Hugh I. Department of Chemistry Korea University Seoul 02841 South Korea Center for Proteogenome Research Korea University Seoul 02841 South Korea Single Cell Analysis Laboratory Korea University Seoul 02841 South Korea Department of Chemistry Pusan National University Busan 46241 South Korea Center for Nanomedicine Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul 03722 South Korea Graduate Program in Nanobiomedical Engineering Advanced Science Institute Yonsei University Seoul 03722 South Korea Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials Pusan National University Busan 46241 South Korea

Fibrillar amyloid aggregates are the pathological hallmarks of multiple neurodegenerative diseases. The amyloid-β (1-42) protein, in particular, is a major component of senile plaques in the brains of patients with Alzheimer’s disease and a primary target for disease treatment. Determining the essential domains of amyloid-β (1-42) that facilitate its oligomerization is critical for the development of aggregation inhibitors as potential therapeutic agents. In this study, we identified three key hydrophobic sites (¹⁷LVF¹⁹³²IGL³⁴, and ⁴¹IA⁴²) on amyloid-β (1-42) and investigated their involvement in the self-assembly process of the protein. Based on these findings, we designed candidate inhibitor peptides of amyloid-β (1-42) aggregation. Using the designed peptides, we characterized the roles of the three hydrophobic regions during amyloid-β (1-42) fibrillar aggregation and monitored the consequent effects on its aggregation property and structural conversion. Furthermore, we used an amyloid-β (1-42) double point mutant (I41N/A42N) to examine the interactions between the two C-terminal end residues with the two hydrophobic regions and their roles in amyloid self-assembly. Our results indicate that interchain interactions in the central hydrophobic region (¹⁷LVF¹⁹) of amyloid-β (1-42) are important for fibrillar aggregation, and its interaction with other domains is associated with the accessibility of the central hydrophobic region for initiating the oligomerization process. Our study provides mechanistic insights into the self-assembly of amyloid-β (1-42) and highlights key structural domains that facilitate this process. Our results can be further applied toward improving the rational design of candidate amyloid-β (1-42) aggregation inhibitors. © 2023 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.

关键词： aggregation conformation inhibitors oligomers peptides and proteins

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Two-step electronic response to magnetic ordering in a van der Waals ferromagnet

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Physical Review B 2024年第4期109卷 045416-045416页

作者： Han Wu Jian-Xin Zhu Lebing Chen Matthew W. Butcher Ziqin Yue Dongsheng Yuan Yu He Ji Seop Oh Bin Gao Jianwei Huang Shan Wu Cheng Gong Yucheng Guo Sung-Kwan Mo Jonathan Denlinger Donghui Lu Makoto Hashimoto Matthew B. Stone Alexander I. Kolesnikov Songxue Chi Junichiro Kono Andriy H. Nevidomskyy Robert J. Birgeneau Pengcheng Dai Ming Yi Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Center for Quantum Materials Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA Theoretical Division Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos New Mexico 87545 USA Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos New Mexico 87545 USA Department of Physics University of California at Berkeley Berkeley California 94720 USA Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California 94720 USA National Institute for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0044 Japan Department of Applied Physics Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06511 USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Quantum Technology Center University of Maryland College Park Maryland 20742 USA Advanced Light Source Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California 94720 USA Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park California 94025 USA Neutron Scattering Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831 USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA Department of Material Science and Nanoengineering Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California Berkeley California 94720 USA

The two-dimensional material Cr2Ge2Te6 is a member of the class of insulating van der Waals (vdW) magnets. Here, using high resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy in a detailed temperature dependence study, we identify a clear response of the electronic structure to a dimensional crossover in the form of two distinct temperature scales marking onsets of modifications in the electronic structure. Specifically, we observe Te p-orbital-dominated bands to undergo changes at the Curie transition temperature TC while the Cr d-orbital-dominated bands begin evolving at a higher temperature scale. Combined with neutron scattering, density functional theory calculations, and Monte Carlo simulations, we find that the electronic system can be consistently understood to respond sequentially to the distinct temperatures at which in-plane and out-of-plane spin correlations exceed a characteristic length scale. Our findings reveal the sensitivity of the orbital-selective electronic structure for probing the dynamical evolution of local moment correlations in vdW insulating magnets.

关键词： Electronic structure Magnetic order Magnetic phase transitions Van der Waals systems Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy

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High-Order Nonlinear Electrophoresis in a Nematic Liquid Crystal

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Physical Review Letters 2024年第15期132卷 158102-158102页

作者： Mojtaba Rajabi Taras Turiv Bing-Xiang Li Hend Baza Dmitry Golovaty Oleg D. Lavrentovich Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute Kent State University Kent Ohio 44242 USA Department of Physics Kent State University Kent Ohio 44242 USA College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology) Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing 210023 China Department of Mathematics The University of Akron Akron Ohio 44325-4002 USA Materials Science Graduate Program Kent State University Kent Ohio 44242 USA

Electrophoresis is the motion of particles relative to a surrounding fluid driven by a uniform electric field. In conventional electrophoresis, the electrophoretic velocity grows linearly with the applied field. Nonlinear effects with a quadratic speed vs field dependence are gaining research interest since an alternating current field could drive them. Here, we report on the giant nonlinearity of electrophoresis in a nematic liquid crystal in which the speed grows with the fourth and sixth powers of the electric field. The mechanism is attributed to the shear thinning of the nematic environment induced by the moving colloid. The observed giant nonlinear effect dramatically enhances the efficiency of electrophoretic transport.

关键词： Electrophoresis Non-Newtonian fluids Nonlinear dynamics in fluids Colloids Liquid crystals Nematic liquid crystals Optical microscopy Rheology techniques

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Dispersion of cobalt ferrite functionalized graphene nanoplatelets in PLA for EMI shielding applications 36

Dispersion of cobalt ferrite functionalized graphene nanopla...

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36th Technical Conference of the American Society for Composites 2021: Composites Ingenuity Taking on Challenges in Environment-Energy-Economy, ASC 2021

作者： Anurakparadorn, Kanat Taub, Alan Michielssen, Eric Department of Materials Science and Engineering Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program University of Michigan 2300 Hayward St Ann ArborMI48109 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Michigan 2350 Hayward St Ann ArborMI48109 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan 1310 Beal Ave Ann ArborMI48109 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781713837596

The proliferation of wireless technology calls for the development of cost-effective Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) shielding materials that reduce the susceptibility of high-speed electronic circuits to undesired incoming radiation. Ideally, such materials offer protection over wide frequency ranges and are insensitive to the polarization or angle of incidence of the impinging fields. Here, next-generation EMI shielding materials composed of polymer composites with conductive and magnetic fillers are introduced. It is shown that careful control of the concentration and dispersion of the polymers’ conductive and magnetic constituents permits tuning of the composites’ intrinsic electrical and magnetic properties. The resulting EMI shields are lightweight, cheap and offer greater protection than traditional metal gaskets and foams. In this work, cobalt ferrite magnetic nanoparticles (CoFe2O4) decorated on graphene-based material were dispersed in polylactic acid (PLA) matrix for high EM absorption level in X-band (8-12 GHz). The decoration of the magnetic particles was performed on the as-prepared conductive graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO). GNP composites exhibited higher DC conductivity, and permittivity than rGO composites. This is attributed to issues associated with the reduction process, including a lack of conductivity due to the insulated oxygen functional groups and the reduction in the lateral size. Compared with rGOs, the lack of out-plane functional groups causes the cobalt ferrite nanoparticles to agglomerate and not cover the entire surface of the GNPs. These morphological differences improve the magnetization and EM absorption of the composite system. The compatibilizer (pyrene-PLA-OH) was added to the composites to enhance dispersion of the GNPs in the polymer matrix which benefits in higher absorption of the shield. The influence of the compatibilizer on parameter, the reflection loss (RL) of the composite were determi

关键词： Cost effectiveness

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