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Predicting the Heterogeneous Chemo-Mechano-Biological Degeneration of Cartilage Using 3-D Biphasic Finite Elements

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Rahman, Muhammed Masudur Watton, Paul N. Neu, Corey P. Pierce, David M. Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Connecticut Storrs CT United States Department of Computer Science Insigneo Institute for in silico Medicine University of Sheffield Sheffield United Kingdom Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh United States Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Colorado BoulderCO United States Biomedical Engineering Program University of Colorado BoulderCO United States BioFrontiers Institute University of Colorado BoulderCO United States Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Connecticut Storrs CT United States

We establish a novel chemo-mechano-biological (CMB) modeling framework for cartilage implemented within 3-D nonlinear, finite element analyses. The framework integrates a nonlinear biphasic constitutive model with a signaling-pathways biochemical model to capture the coupled effects of mechanical stimuli, biochemical factors, and cellular activity on cartilage degeneration and remodeling. Through finite element simulations of cyclic compression, we explored cartilage degeneration similar to early-stage osteoarthritis (OA), demonstrating that oxygen-dependent, depth-specific metabolic activity yields more realistic patterns of degeneration compared to our previous models. Specifically, our results align with experimental observations, capturing depth-dependent cartilage degradation most pronounced in the superficial zone. Incorporating these insights, our framework provides a platform to investigate mechanisms of cartilage degeneration and simulate therapeutic interventions. We previously developed automated and publicly available tools to generate patient-specific knee models from MR Images, altogether enabling personalized diagnostics/prognostics and pre-/post-operative planning. Our CMB framework is also publicly available for academic use at https://***/imLab/FEVGnR-Plugin, offering a robust basis for advancing research and clinical strategies in understanding and managing osteoarthritis. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cartilage

Flexible Dual-Sided Polymer Microelectrode Array for Neurophysiological Recordings from an Insect Brain

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Flexible Dual-Sided Polymer Microelectrode Array for Neuroph...

IEEE International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems

作者： Xiang Liu Simon Sanchez Yan Gong Zebin Jiang Trevor Stevens Hasan Banan Debajit Saha Wen Li Department of Physiology Neuroscience Program Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering East Lansing MI USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA

Despite advances in modern microelectrode technologies, designing high-density flexible microelectrode arrays (MEAs) for small insect brains remains challenging, especially when aiming for dense microelectrode configurations on flexible substrates in restricted areas (e.g., 250×100 μm 2 ). To overcome these challenges, we developed a novel dual-sided design that doubles the channel count and density of MEAs within the same spatial footprint in comparison with the single-sided counterparts. A unique folding-annealing method is introduced to craft Parylene-based flexible dual-sided density MEAs. These MEAs, with overall dimensions of 20 μm in thickness and 120-230 μm in width, are specifically tailored for the locust antenna lobe, which is the central odor processing circuitry in insects. The efficacy of the dual-sided MEA for neurophysiological sensing of odors was validated in vivo using a neural circuitry (antennal lobe) of the locust brain.

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Impact of occupational noise exposure on the hearing level in hospital staffs: a longitudinal study

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Environmental science and Pollution Research 2024年第16期31卷 24129-24138页

作者： Wang, Tang-Chuan Yu, You-Cheng Hsu, Alan Lin, Jia-Yi Tsou, Yung-An Liu, Chiu-Shong Chuang, Kai-Jen Pan, Wen-Chi Yang, Chin-An Hu, Sung-Lin Ho, Chien-Yi Chen, Tzu-Liang Lin, Chia-Der Pai, Pei-Ying Chang, Ta-Yuan Department of Public Health College of Public Health China Medical University No. 100 Sec. 1 Jingmao Rd. Beitun Dist. Taichung406040 Taiwan Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery China Medical University Hsinchu Hospital No. 199 Section 1Xinglong Road Hsinchu County Zhubei City302056 Taiwan School of Medicine College of Medicine China Medical University No. 100 Sec. 1 Jingmao Rd. Beitun Dist. Taichung406040 Taiwan Master Program for Biomedical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering China Medical University No. 100 Sec. 1 Jingmao Rd. Beitun Dist. Taichung406040 Taiwan The Ph.D. Program for Medical Engineering and Rehabilitation Science College of Biomedical Engineering China Medical University No. 100 Sec. 1 Jingmao Rd. Beitun Dist. Taichung406040 Taiwan Department of Occupational Safety and Health College of Public Health China Medical University No. 100 Section 1Jingmao Road Beitun District Taichung City406040 Taiwan Department of Public Health School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University No.250 Wuxing St. Xinyi Dist. Taipei City110 Taiwan Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University No. 155 Sec. 2 Linong St. Beitou Dist. Taipei City112304 Taiwan Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science China Medical University No. 100 Sec. 1 Jingmao Rd. Beitun Dist. Taichung406040 Taiwan Division of Family Medicine Physical Examination Center Department of Medical Research China Medical University Hsinchu Hospital No. 199 Section 1Xinglong Road Hsinchu County Zhubei City302 Taiwan

The study aimed to evaluate the impact of occupational noise on hearing loss among healthcare workers using audiometry. A longitudinal study was conducted with a six-month follow-up period in a hospital with 21 participants, divided into high-noise-exposure (HNE) and low-noise-exposure (LNE) groups. Mean noise levels were higher in the HNE group (70.4 ± 4.5 dBA), and hearing loss was measured using pure-tone audiometry at baseline and follow-up. The HNE group had significantly higher mean threshold levels at frequencies of 0.25 kHz, 0.5 kHz, 4.0 kHz, and an average of 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz (all p-values © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Audition

Slenderness Ratio and Material Optimization of an Impact-Resistant 2d Auxetic Lattice

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Zhai, Xuedong Heye-Smith, Karina Mao, Xiaoming Arruda, Ellen M. Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI United States Department of Physics University of Michigan Ann ArborMI United States Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI United States Program in Macromolecular Science and Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI United States

It is well known that armor prevents failures of behind-armor targets by reducing the force in an impact event and thereby providing protection under certain impact events. However, the kinetic energy associated with an impact, often underappreciated in impact events, can be as fatal as the force by causing relative motion in the target and destructive damage as a consequence. Therefore, efficient protection gear and packaging should be lightweight and good at force reduction as well as energy mitigation. Although auxetic lattices have been studied as lightweight alternatives for force reduction, simultaneous optimization of force reduction and energy dissipation in impact mitigation via geometric and material choices for auxetic lattices has not been addressed. In the present study, we show that a 2D auxetic lattice with an optimized slenderness ratio of the struts that comprise the lattice and optimized elastic and visco-elastic material properties can not only reduce the transmitted peak force but also mitigate the energy significantly. A multi-step optimization method using Finite Element (FE) analysis and a verification procedure via impact experiments are described by which an optimal design of the auxetic lattice can be achieved by simultaneously considering both peak force and energy mitigation. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Armor

Jing-Si Herbal Tea Suppresses H2O2-Instigated Inflammation and Apoptosis by Inhibiting Bax and Mitochondrial Cytochrome C Release in HIG-82 Synoviocytes

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Environmental Toxicology 2024年第12期39卷 5347-5356页

作者： Kao, Shih-Wen Chang, Yu-Chun Lin, Feng-Huei Huang, Tai-Lung Chen, Tung-Sheng Lin, Shinn-Zong Lin, Kuan-Ho Kuo, Wei-Wen Ho, Tsung-Jung Huang, Chih-Yang Graduate Institute of Aging Medicine China Medical University Taichung Taiwan Department of Orthopedic Surgery Chung-Shan Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan Department of Biological Science and Technology College of Life Sciences China Medical University Taichung Taiwan Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation Hualien Taiwan Institute of Biomedical Engineering College of Medicine and College of Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Division of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine Research National Health Research Institute Miaoli Taiwan Department of Orthopedics Chung-Kang Branch Cheng Ching General Hospital Taichung Taiwan School of Life Science National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan Department of Neurosurgery Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation Hualien Taiwan Bioinnovation Center Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation Hualien Taiwan Department of Emergency Medicine China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan College of Medicine China Medical University Taichung Taiwan Ph.D. Program for Biotechnology Industry China Medical University Taichung Taiwan School of Pharmacy China Medical University Taichung Taiwan School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine College of Medicine Tzu chi University Hualien Taiwan Department of Chinese Medicine Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation Tzu Chi University Hualien Taiwan Integration Center of Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation Hualien Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences China Medical University Taichung Taiwan Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology Asia University Taichung Taiwan

Inflammation is an intrinsic protective mechanism against various forms of cellular injuries in humans;however, its undesired activation results in tissue damage and cell death. The onset of chronic inflammation and oxidative stress are the key characteristics of autoimmune inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), for which an effective treatment is yet to be developed. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the protective effects and molecular mechanisms of a novel herbal preparation, Jing-Si herbal tea (JS), against H2O2-induced inflammation and cellular damage in HIG-82 synoviocytes. We found that JS did not show any significant alterations in cell viability at 2O2-induced pathological oxidative stress (ROS) in HIG-82 cells. Interestingly, JS treatment not only reduced the ROS levels but also significantly repressed the protein expressions of collagen degrading proteases in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment with JS showed enhanced cell viability against H2O2-induced toxic ROS levels. The expressions of cell protective aggrecan, Collagen II, and Bcl-2 were increased, whereas MMP-13, ADAMTS-2, Cytochrome C, and cleaved Caspase 3 were decreased by JS under inflammatory agents H2O2, MIA, LPS, and TNF-α treatment, respectively, in HIG-82 cells. Interestingly, the cytoprotective effect of JS treatment was attributed to a decreased mitochondrial localization of Bax and a reduction of Cytochrome C release into the cytoplasm of H2O2-treated HIG-82 cells. Collectively, our results suggest a novel protective mechanism of JS for RA treatment, which could be potentially applied as a complementary treatment or as an alternative therapeutic approach to mitigate inflammatory diseases. © 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.

关键词： Cell death

Assessment of the Impacts of Human Trampling on Endangered Crab Behavior and its Implications for Coastal Ecosystem Conservation

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Park, Seojeong Kim, Minju Joo, Soobin Seo, Hyein Jo, Kyeongsik Lee, Yelim Kim, Tae Won Department of Ocean Sciences Inha University 100 Inha-ro Michuhol-gu Incheon Korea Republic of Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering Inha University 100 Inha-ro Michuhol-gu Incheon Korea Republic of

Coastal ecosystems, including tidal flats, are exposed to recreational activity-driven trampling. The fiddler crab, Austruca lactea, is currently endangered majorly due to reclamation but recreational trampling also emerged as a potential threat. To assess short-term behavioral responses of individual fiddler crabs to a single trampling and the long-term population changes under cumulative trampling, we conducted two field experiments for three semilunar tidal cycles. First, we compared the behaviors of a pair of crabs, one of whose burrow openings had undergone a single trampling event. Results revealed that trampling delayed the initiation of surface activity, reduced travel distance, and altered the behaviors of the crabs from courting or feeding to vigilance and burrow repair. Second, we constantly exerted trampling on subsets of the crab population for two trampling periods (four and two weeks) and monitored the restoration of their collective behaviors for an additional two weeks. Daily trampling decreased the degree of total surface activities and male courtship indicators, and the rhythms collapsed. After trampling cessation, only courtship indicators recovered after longer trampling treatment. These results imply that continuous coastal visitation without any regulation might aggravate A. lactea population decline in heavily used habitats. Because A. lactea is an indicator species for coastal ecosystem health, we suggest conservation of the habitat area of these crabs based on their behavioral changes caused by human trampling. Our study underscores the importance of assessing the behavioral ecology of benthic animals for tidal flat ecosystem monitoring and conservation areas establishment. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Conservation

Assessment of Simple Adhesive Substrates as a Method for Quantifying Microplastics and the Factors Influencing Capture

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Rieland, Julie M. Hu, Zeyuan Deese, Julian S. Love, Brian J. Department of Materials Science and Engineering United States Department of Biomedical Engineering United States Macromolecular Science and Engineering Graduate Program 2300 Hayward St Ann ArborMI48109 United States

Microplastics are a growing environmental concern, with a large body of evidence documenting substantial distribution of plastic material in virtually all environmental compartments. Countermeasures that help to bind, aggregate, or coalesce these distributed particles might result in lower human and animal exposures. Pressure sensitive adhesives (PSAs) have been identified as a viable microplastic (MP) capture mechanism with a range of potential use conditions. As with any countermeasure, there is a need to evaluate their collection efficiency, cost, ease of installation, etc. Expanding on previous work, submerged, spray-coated PSAs were investigated as a quick and low-cost quantitative method to assess MP binding in water. Two molecular weights of poly(2-ethylhexyl acrylate) PSA (92k, 950k, and 50:50 bimodal distribution) were applied as spray-coated substrates to compare MP-adhesive interactions. Thin films of PSA (92k 6 ± 1 μm, 950k 4 ± 2 μm, 50:50 BD 6.5 ± 1 μm) were sprayed on borosilicate glass slides using a commercial air brush. Polydisperse nylon-12 particles varying in size from 15-30 µm in diameter were dispersed in aqueous solution between 0.01 and 5 mg mL -1 and agitated under ambient conditions as quantitative comparisons of adhesive wettability and net capture. Mixed assays were also performed comparing binding of common MP species including polyethylene, polystyrene, and polyester particles and fibers to understand how varying composition, size, and form factor affect adsorption. The glass slide method demonstrated linear trends associated with the MP binding to glass slides with respect both to exposure time and MP concentration. The adhesive wettability demonstrates bounding parameters under which high wettability adhesives excel at MP capture but may compromise the integrity of the adhesive film. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Adhesives

Psychedelic 5-HT2A Receptor Agonism Alters Neurovascular Coupling in Mice

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Psychedelic 5-HT2A Receptor Agonism Alters Neurovascular Cou...

Microscopy Histopathology and Analytics, Microscopy 2024 - Part of Optica Biophotonics Congress: biomedical Optics

作者： Padawer-Curry, Jonah A. Snyder, Abraham Z. Bice, Annie R. Wang, Xiaodan Nicol, Ginger E. McCall, Jordan G. Siegel, Joshua S. Bauer, Adam Q. Imaging Science Program Washington University in St. Louis St. LouisMO United States Department of Radiology Washington University in St. Louis St. LouisMO United States Department of Psychiatry Washington University in St. Louis St. LouisMO United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Washington University in St. Louis St. LouisMO United States Department of Anesthesiology Washington University in St. Louis St. LouisMO United States

Thy1-jRGECO1a mice were imaged under awake, resting-state conditions using wide-field optical imaging. Psychedelic 5-HT2A receptor agonism significantly altered neurovascular coupling in a region- and frequency-band-s... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171340

关键词： Macroinvertebrates

Data analysis guidelines for single‑cell RNA‑seq in biomedical studies and clinical applications

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Military Medical Research 2023年第4期10卷 529-553页

作者： Min Su Tao Pan Qiu‑Zhen Chen Wei‑Wei Zhou Yi Gong Gang Xu Huan‑Yu Yan Si Li Qiao‑Zhen Shi Ya Zhang Xiao He Chun‑Jie Jiang Shi‑Cai Fan Xia Li Murray J.Cairns Xi Wang Yong‑Sheng Li State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China College of Biomedical Information and Engineering the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHainan Medical UniversityHaikou 571199HainanChina College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin 150081HeilongjiangChina Department of Immunology Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China Department of Laboratory Medicine Women and Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 401174China Baylor College of Medicine HoustonTX 77030USA Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaShenzhen 518110GuangdongChina School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy Faculty of Health and Medicinethe University of NewcastleUniversity DriveCallaghanNSW 2308Australia Precision Medicine Research Program Hunter Medical Research InstituteNew Lambton HeightsNSW 2305Australia

The application of single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)in biomedical research has advanced our understanding of the pathogenesis of disease and provided valuable insights into new diagnostic and therapeutic *** the expansion of capacity for high-throughput scRNA-seq,including clinical samples,the analysis of these huge volumes of data has become a daunting prospect for researchers entering this ***,we review the workflow for typical scRNA-seq data analysis,covering raw data processing and quality control,basic data analysis applicable for almost all scRNA-seq data sets,and advanced data analysis that should be tailored to specific scientific *** summarizing the current methods for each analysis step,we also provide an online repository of software and wrapped-up scripts to support the *** and caveats are pointed out for some specific analysis tasks and *** hope this resource will be helpful to researchers engaging with scRNA-seq,in particular for emerging clinical applications.

关键词： Single-cell RNA-sequencing(scRNA-seq) Data analysis biomedical research Clinical applications