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Reduction of Reflected Light on Fluorescence Emission for Indocyanine Green

Journal of engineering and science in Medical Diagnostics and Therapy 2022年第1期5卷 011004页

作者： Kwon, So Yoon Yoon, Ki-Cheol Kim, Kwang Gi Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Medical Devices R&D Center Gachon University Gil Medical Center 774 beon-gil Namdong-daero Namdong-gu Incheon21565 Korea Republic of Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Medicine Gachon University 38-13 Dokjom-ro 3 Namdong-gu Incheon21565 Korea Republic of Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Health Science Gachon University 191 Hambakmoero Yeonsu-gu Incheon21936 Korea Republic of Gachon University 38-13 3 Dokjom-ro Namdong-gu Incheon21565 Korea Republic of

Inside the brain tumor, the blood vessels are intricately composed, and the tumors and blood vessels are similar in color. Therefore, when observing tumors and blood vessels with the naked eye or a surgical microscope, it is difficult to distinguish between tumors and blood vessels. Fluorescence staining with indocyanine green (ICG) is performed to distinguish between brain tumors and blood vessels using a surgical microscope. However, when observing the blood circulation state of a tumor or blood vessel through a surgical microscope, light reflection occurs from the camera. In the process of observing the state of the blood vessel, due to the occurrence of light reflection, an obstruction phenomenon in which the observation field is blocked by the blood vessel of the object to be observed occurs. Therefore, it is difficult to diagnose the vascular condition. In this experiment, the 780 nm light-emitting diode (LED) was irradiated to the ICG phantom, and then, when the fluorescence expression image was observed, the polarizing filter such as circular polarized light (CPL) filter and linear polarized light (LPL) filter was inserted into the camera, and the reflected light was reduced. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the reflected light from the fluorescence expression image by using a polarizing filter, and it is expected to be applicable to surgery and diagnostic fields of cancer such as surgery. Copyright © 2022 by ASME.

关键词： Microscopes

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Suppression of the inflammatory response by oxyresveratrol from the root bark of Artocarpus lakoocha Roxb against ultraviolet B-induced keratinocytes mediated by regulating p38 MAPK and AP-1

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Heliyon 2024年第20期10卷 e38962页

作者： Malaniyom, Kittiya Ratanachamnong, Piyanee Namchaiw, Poommaree Namdaung, Umalee Suksamrarn, Sunit Jaisin, Yamaratee Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine Srinakharinwirot University Bangkok 10110 Thailand Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Science Mahidol University Bangkok 10400 Thailand Neuroscience Center for Research and Innovation Learning Institute King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi Bangkok 10140 Thailand Biological Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi Bangkok 10140 Thailand Herbal and Cannabis Science Program Faculty of Science and Technology Bansomdejchaopraya Rajabhat University Bangkok 10600 Thailand Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC) Faculty of Science Srinakharinwirot University Bangkok 10110 Thailand

Oxyresveratrol is a polyphenolic compound present in the root bark of Artocarpus lakoocha Roxb. Several studies have reported on its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and whitening properties. In this study, we report for the first time that oxyresveratrol alleviates the cytotoxicity of ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation in keratinocytes-. We performed resazurin cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and Griess assays to investigate the cytoprotective and free radical-scavenging capabilities of oxyresveratrol. The antioxidant effect was demonstrated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free-radical scavenging assay. The inhibition of inflammatory and apoptotic proteins by oxyresveratrol in UVB-irradiated keratinocytes was investigated using western blotting. Pretreated cells with oxyresveratrol exhibited reduced cell death upon UVB exposure, which was mediated by its antioxidant activity. Oxyresveratrol protected cells by inhibiting the mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 and its downstream target, AP-1 transcription factor. These factors led to a decrease in UVB-induced cell inflammation through iNOS and COX-2 expression. Furthermore, the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio was significantly decreased by oxyresveratrol at 10 μM and thus reduced cell apoptosis, as demonstrated by the Hoechst 33342 staining assay. This study revealed the photoprotective effects of oxyresveratrol against UVB\ irradiation in keratinocytes. This strongly supports the benefits of using oxyresveratrol as an ingredient in skincare products for the prevention of sun-damaged skin. © 2024 The Authors

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Don't Tread on My Tidal Flats: Assessment of the Impacts of Human Trampling on the Behavior of an Endangered Crab for Tidal Flat Conservation

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Park, Seojeong Kim, Minju Joo, Soobin Seo, Hyein Jo, Kyeongsik Lee, Yelim Kim, Tae Won Department of Ocean Sciences Inha University 100 Inha-ro Michuhol-gu Incheon Korea Republic of Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering Inha University 100 Inha-ro Michuhol-gu Incheon Korea Republic of

Coastal ecosystems, including tidal flats, are exposed to recreational activity-driven trampling. To assess the effect of trampling on the tidal flat ecosystem, it is pertinent to investigate changes in the activity of its dominant inhabitant. The fiddler crab, Austruca lactea, is abundant in some coastal areas, but is currently endangered owing to exposure to anthropogenic activities, including trampling. To assess the short-term behavioral responses of individual fiddler crabs to a single trampling and the long-term changes in the population under cumulative trampling, we conducted two types of field experiments for three semilunar tidal cycles during their reproductive period. First, we compared the behaviors of a pair of crabs, one of whose burrow openings had undergone a single trampling event. Results revealed that trampling delayed the initiation of surface activity, reduced travel distance, and altered the behaviors of the crabs from courting or feeding to vigilance and burrow repair. Second, we constantly exerted trampling on subsets of the crab population for two trampling periods (four and two weeks) and monitored the restoration of their collective behaviors for an additional two weeks. Daily trampling events decreased the degree of total surface activities and male courtship indicators, and the rhythms collapsed. After the cessation of trampling, only the courtship indicators recovered after longer trampling treatment. These results imply that continuous coastal visitation without any regulation might aggravate the decrease in the population of A. lactea and affect the tidal flat ecosystem function. Thus, we suggest the management of the habitat area of these crabs based on their behavioral changes caused by human trampling. Our study verified the substantial role of the behavioral ecology of benthic animals in monitoring the tidal flat ecosystem function and installing conservation area. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Conservation

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Spectral Extremal Connectivity of Two-State Seizure Brain Waves

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Talento, Mara Sherlin D. Richards, Jordan Pinto-Orellana, Marco Huser, Raphael Ombao, Hernando C. Statistics Program Computer Electrical and Mathematical Science & Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology 23955 - 6900 Saudi Arabia Neuro-AI Laboratory Computer Electrical and Mathematical Science & Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology 23955 - 6900 Saudi Arabia School of Mathematics Maxwell Institute for Mathematical Sciences University of Edinburgh EdinburghEH9 3FD United Kingdom Department of Biomedical Engineering University of California Irvine92697 United States

Coherence analysis plays a vital role in the study of functional brain connectivity. However, coherence captures only linear spectral associations, and thus can produce misleading findings when ignoring variations of connectivity in the tails of the distribution. This limitation becomes important when investigating extreme neural events that are characterized by large signal amplitudes. The focus of this paper is to examine connectivity in the tails of the distribution, as this reveals salient information that may be overlooked by standard methods. We develop a novel notion of spectral tail association of periodograms to study connectivity in the network of electroencephalogram (EEG) signals of seizure-prone neonates. We further develop a novel non-stationary extremal dependence model for multivariate time series that captures differences in extremal dependence during different brain phases, namely burst-suppression and non-burst-suppression. One advantage of our proposed approach is its ability to identify tail connectivity at key frequency bands that could be associated with outbursts of energy which may lead to seizures. We discuss these novel scientific findings alongside a comparison of the extremal behavior of brain signals for epileptic and non-epileptic patients. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Electroencephalography

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Chaperone proteins as ameliorators of α-synuclein-induced synaptic pathologies: insights into Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第6期16卷 1198-1199页

作者： Susan M.L.Banks Audrey T.Medeiros Rui Sousa Eileen M.Lafer Jennifer R.Morgan Department of Biology Florida Southern CollegeLakelandFLUSA Neuroscience Graduate Program Brown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology and Center for Biomedical Neuroscience The University of Texas Health Science Center at San AntonioSan AntonioTXUSA The Eugene Bell Center for Regenerative Biology&Tissue Engineering Marine Biological LaboratoryWoods HoleMAUSA

α-Synuclein accumulation causes synaptic vesicle trafficking defects and may underlie neurodegenerative disorders:Neurodegenerative disorders,such as Parkinson’s disease(PD)and other synucleinopathies,impact the lives of millions of patients and their *** include PD,dementia with Lewy Bodies(DLB),multiple system atrophy,and several Alzheimer’s Disease *** are clinically characterized by intracellular inclusions called Lewy Bodies,which are rich in atypical aggregates of the protein α-*** dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra are particularly susceptible toα-synuclein-induced aggregation and neurodegeneration,glutamatergic neurons in other brain regions(***)are also frequently affected in PD and other synucleinopathies(Schulz-Schaeffer 2010).

关键词： cortex Alzheimer insight

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Computational Study of Ventral Ankle-Foot Orthoses During Stance Phase for Post-surgery Spinal Tuberculosis Rehabilitation 1st

Computational Study of Ventral Ankle-Foot Orthoses During St...

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1st International Conference on Electronics, biomedical engineering, and Health Informatics, ICEBEHI 2020

作者： Putra, Alfian Pramudita Rahmatillah, Akif Pujiyanto Ain, Khusnul Rodiyah, Nur Khafidotur Pawana, I. Putu Alit Syahananta, Lolita Hapsari Dwi Dwiatma, Mohammad Rizki Hidayat, Arief Sofian Biomedical Engineering Study Program Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya60115 Indonesia Biomedical Signals and Systems Research Group Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya60115 Indonesia Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya60115 Indonesia Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Dr Soetomo General Academic Hospital Surabaya60286 Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9789813369252

Spinal Tuberculosis could cause abnormalities in the lower extremity, even after the surgery and can be treated with Ankle-Foot Orthoses (AFO). The patient with that condition has to stabilize their body because it tends to fall forward. Thus, a ventral AFO is needed to support them. This study aims to evaluate AFO design by using Finite Element Method (FEM) with two different thickness (2 and 4 mm). The material used was a Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET). Three subphases in the stance phase were simulated, namely initial contact, midstance, and terminal stance. The external force in the simulation was based on the patient’s weight (50 kg). The result showed that the highest stress was obtained from ventral AFO with a thickness of 2 mm at the terminal stance, 244.7 MPa. This value exceeded the Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS) of PET which indicates the design would break. The ventral AFO with a thickness of 4 mm had lower stress than the UTS of PET. The strain of both designs was quite low with the maximum value of 0.019 from the ventral AFO with a thickness of 4 mm in the terminal stance. The deformation was also acceptable for both designs with the highest value of 39.67 mm from the ventral AFO with a thickness of 2 mm in the midstance. In conclusion, the ventral AFO with a thickness of 4 mm could be used for post-surgery spinal tuberculosis patient’s rehabilitation. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Patient rehabilitation

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Printability and cytotoxicity of alginate/agarose hydrogel with carboxylmethyl cellulose and apple powder

Printability and cytotoxicity of alginate/agarose hydrogel w...

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biomedical engineering International Conference (BMEiCON)

作者： K. Chessadangkul N. Damrongplasit S. Morakul T. Tharasanit A. Pimpin Biomedical engineering program Faculty of Engineering Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand Department of Obstetrics Gynaecology and Reproduction Faculty of Veterinary Science Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand Department of Mechanical engineering Faculty of Engineering Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9781665489041

The cultured meat is the solution to reduce resources using in a traditional meat production. It helps produce meat without killing livestock and decrease residue products. The method could also integrate with scaffold’s material which does not derive from animal products. This study aims to investigate the effects of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and apple powder on printability and cytotoxicity as additives in alginate/agarose-based hydrogel. 3D structures of them were printed to find a proper printing condition. From our experiments, the structure could maintain their shapes and uniform line sizes for carboxylmethyl cellulose, but not for apple powder at the 2% w/v alginate and 0.8% w/v agarose. However, the combination of them could be printed well. In parallel, 293FT cells were cultured with hydrogel drop to test cytotoxicity. It showed that the hydrogel with both additives does not harm cells during 8-day culturing.

关键词： Viscosity Printing Powders Additives Toxicology Three-dimensional displays Shape

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Snake-Scale Stimulated Robust Biomimetic Composite Triboelectric Layer for Energy Harvesting and Smart Health Monitoring

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Lin, Zong-Hong Huang, Ming-Zheng Parashar, Parag Chen, An-Rong Shi, Shih-Chen Tseng, Yao-Hsuan Lim, Kee Chin Yeh, Hsuan-Yu Pal, Arnab Institute of Biomedical Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Department of Biomedical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan International Intercollegiate Ph.D. Program National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan

Extreme frictional wear of triboelectric layers severely hinders long-term sustainability of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) for efficient ambient energy harvesting. The state-of-the-art solutions necessitate sophisticated structural designs and complex packaging constraints, impeding the feasibility of TENGs for practical applications. Herein, inspired by the structures and compositions of snake scales, a biomimetic composite (BC) film is fabricated as a wear-resistant triboelectric contact layer. The successful formation of disulfide bond-facilitated cross-linkage of cysteine proteins in the keratin-based BC film promotes excellent mechanical resilience and durability, thereby solving the material abrasion challenges associated with solid-solid triboelectric layers. The BC film, with toothed microstructure, exhibits improved charge transfer, low friction, and consistent long-term stable outputs compared to commercial films. Furthermore, a self-powered BC film-based TENG is integrated into a bicycle for biomechanical energy harvesting, lightening warning signals for safer night ride with stable 300 V electrical output for at least 6 hours. Moreover, a smart health monitoring system is further proposed by embedding TENG-based sensors into the bicycle saddle, accurately capturing the rider’s pelvic-saddle interactions on varying terrain slopes. By leveraging the unique biomechanical information, machine learning-assisted user identification and terrain slope data classifications are achieved with high accuracies, laying a foundation for futuristic smart healthcare applications. This work provides a strategy to reduce material abrasion by exploiting the unique characteristics of a biomimetic material, facilitating a basis for efficient environmental energy harvesting and smart sensing. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nanogenerators

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Analysis of groundwater and surface water quality using modelled water index and multivariate statistics in Kampala and Mbarara Districts, Uganda

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Discover Environment 2024年第1期2卷 1-17页

作者： Sanusi, Idris O. Olutona, Godwin O. Wawata, Ibrahim G. Onohuean, Hope Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis School of Pharmacy Kampala International University Ishaka-Bushenyi Uganda Industrial Chemistry Programme College of Agriculture Engineering and Science Bowen University Iwo Nigeria Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology School of Pharmacy Kampala International University Ishaka-Bushenyi Uganda Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry Kebbi State University of Science and Technology Birnin Kebbi Nigeria Institute of Biomedical Research Faculty of Biomedical Science Kampala International University Ishaka-Bushenyi Uganda Biomolecules Metagenomics Endocrine and Tropical Disease Research Group (BMETDREG) Kampala International University Ishaka-Bushenyi Uganda Biopharmaceutics Unit Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology School of Pharmacy Kampala International University Ishaka-Bushenyi Uganda

The demand for domestic, public and industrial use of water increases with population growth. However, activities from humans and natural environment have resulted into decline in water quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of groundwater and surface water collected from Kampala and Mbarara districts of Uganda using water quality index and multivariate statistics. A total of 10 physicochemical parameters (pH, water temperature, chloride, sulphate, nitrate, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, total solids, and phosphate) were measured monthly to evaluate the quality of water in the study districts. Results showed that sulphate, electrical conductivity and total dissolved solids were observed with significantly high values in surface water than the groundwater for both seasons. Among all the parameters measured, electrical conductivity was observed with the highest value (2129.67 ± 1.41 µS/cm) while nitrate concentration (0.57 ± 0.02 mg/L) was observed with the lowest during the wet season in surface water. In addition, the mean values of nitrate, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids and sulphate detected in the groundwater and surface water were within the recommended limits, while phosphate and chloride were observed with mean concentrations above the regulatory limits in 50% of the samples. The correlation analysis revealed strong and positive association between electrical conductivity and total dissolved solids in groundwater and surface water for both seasons. Also, the chemical make-up of groundwater and surface water within the study districts revealed that the determination of water quality rests on two major indices (conductivity and anthropogenic-pollutants) based on the factor analysis. The two indices accounted for 0.619% in groundwater and over 0.70% in surface water, indicating more pollution in surface water. Moreover, the water quality index (WQI) values obtained ranged from 14.

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A Flexible Origami Opto-Electro Array For In Vivo Optogenetic Neurostimulation and Neurophysiology Recording

A Flexible Origami Opto-Electro Array For In Vivo Optogeneti...

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IEEE International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems

作者： Yan Gong Xiang Liu Yifan Liu Zhen Qiu Arthur Weber Wen Li Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan USA Department of Physiology Neuroscience Program Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan USA Department of Physiology Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA

This paper reports a thin-film, three-dimensional (3D) opto-electro array with four individually addressable microscale light-emitting diodes (μ-LEDs) capable of surface illumination of the cortex and nine penetrating electrodes for simultaneous recording of light-evoked neural activities. Inspired by the origami concept, a carefully designed "bridge + trench" structure facilitates the conversion of the array from two-dimensional (2D) to 3D while avoiding mechanical damage to thin film metal. Before device transformation, the shape and dimensions of the 2D array can be customized, making it versatile for a variety of applications. The array is packaged using polyimide (PI) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to ensure the device’s mechanical flexibility and biocompatibility. The efficacy of the device is characterized both in vitro and in vivo.

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