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Texture development and surface reconstruction of BiVO_(4)photoanode via one-pot hydrothermal reaction for enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2025年第3期14卷 133-141页

作者： Sung Won Hwang Yoo Jae Jeong Runfa Tan Indhujasri Saravanan Hyun Soo Han Dong Hoe Kim In Sun Cho Department of Energy Systems Research Ajou UniversitySuwon 16499Republic of Korea Department of Material Science&Engineering Ajou UniversitySuwon 16499Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Stanford UniversityStanford 94305USA Department of Material Science&Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado BoulderBoulder 80303USA

The simultaneous optimization of the bulk and surface characteristics of photoelectrodes is essential to maximize their photoelectrochemical(PEC)*** report a novel one-pot hydrothermal synthesis of textured and surface-reconstructed BiVO_(4)photoanodes(ts-BVO),achieving significant improvements in PEC water *** controlling precursor molarity and ethylene glycol(EG)addition,we developed a stepwise dual reaction(SDR)mechanism,which enables simultaneous bulk texture development and surface *** optimized CoBi/ts-BVO photoanode exhibited a photocurrent density of 4.3 mA∙cm^(−2)at 1.23 V *** hydrogen electrode(RHE)with a high Faradaic efficiency of 98%under one sun *** with nontextured BiVO_(4),the charge transport efficiency increased from 8%to 70%,whereas the surface charge transfer efficiency improved from 9%to 85%.These results underscore the critical role of both bulk and surface engineering in enhancing PEC *** findings offer a streamlined approach for improving the intrinsic properties of photoanodes in solar water splitting.

关键词： BiVO_(4) hydrothermal texture surface reconstruction ethylene glycol(EG) photoelectrochemical water splitting

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Planar structure of organic photodetector for low dark current

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Chinese physics B 2025年第2期34卷 290-295页

作者： Mohammad Nofil Amirul Ashraf Md Sabri Fadlan Arif Natashah Tahani M Bawazeer Mohammad S Alsoufi Nur Adilah Roslan Azzuliani Supangat Low Dimensional Materials Research Centre Department of PhysicsFaculty of ScienceUniversiti MalayaKuala Lumpur50603Malaysia Department of Chemistry Faculty of Applied ScienceUmm Al-Qura UniversityMakkahSaudi Arabia Mechanical Engineering Department College of Engineering and Islamic ArchitectureUmm Al-Qura UniversityMakkahSaudi Arabia Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang43400Malaysia

The focus of this study is on investigating the vanadyl 2,9,16,23-tetraphenoxy-29H, 31H-phthalocyanine(VOPc Ph O)and its blend with o-xylenyl C60 bis-adduct(OXCBA), for use as a lateral ultraviolet organic photodetector. The research focuses on improving dark current reduction, which is a challenge in lateral organic photodetector. By integrating the OXCBA, low dark current values of 4.83 nA·cm^(-2)(D_(shot)^(*)= 1.414 × 10^(11)Jones) have been achieved as compared to the stand-alone VoPcPhO device of 14.06 nA·cm^(-2). The major contributing factors to dark current reduction are due to the efficient charge transfer at the photoactive-electrode interface, the deep highest occupied molecular orbital(HOMO)level of OXCBA, which leads to favorable energy level alignments hindering hole injection, and the occurrence of bulk heterojunction vertical phase segregation between VOPcPhO and OXCBA. These findings shed light on the relationship between the organic photoconductor's material composition, morphology, and performance metrics and open new avenues for metal phthalocyanine-based lateral ultraviolet organic photodetectors with low dark current and enhanced performance.

关键词： small molecule dark current ultra-violet(UV)sensor device physics

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Persistent scintillators for X-ray repetitive imaging with stable energy traps

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Journal of Rare Earths 2025年第6期43卷 1161-1168页

作者： Wang, Yuan Zhang, Peng Tian, Xu Liu, Daiyuan Zhang, Jian Liu, Zhichao Yang, Xiuxia Yu, Jie Shao, Jianxiong Xu, Xuhui Yunnan Joint International Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming650093 China Department of Modern Physics Lanzhou University Lanzhou730000 China

Scintillator is a key material for the development of X-ray detectors, which has a promising application in medical imaging, security inspection and industrial non-injury detection. The majority of scintillators currently used in imaging are real-time imaging scintillators, which can cause ionization radiation damage to biological subjects or detection equipment during the imaging process and require complex, highly sensitive detection systems. Therefore, exploring stable, environmentally friendly scintillator materials that can achieve delayed imaging is of significance in the field of imaging. Herein, we developed an X-ray time-lapse imaging scintillator, Sr2Al6O11:Dy3+ phosphor, which generates stable traps by X-ray irradiation, thus endowing it with excellent persistent luminescence and information storage properties (>42 d). Moreover, traps constructed by X-ray can be repeatedly refilled (>40 times) under UV light and carriers are released in the form of mechanical or thermal excitation when refilling is complete. By constructing the traps in the phosphor during X-ray excitation and using it for repetitive imaging, the detection limit is 74.78 nGy/s, and the spatial imaging resolution is as high as 16 lp/mm. This discovery provides a new idea for the development of time-delayed X-ray scintillator. © 2025

关键词： X ray detectors

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Investigation of heavy particle radioactivity and spontaneous fission of even-Z superheavy nuclei

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Chinese physics C 2025年第4期49卷 77-89页

作者： Kirandeep Sandhu Gurjit Kaur Manoj K.Sharma p.7.department of physics 7.s.s.4.7.s khalsa college patialapunjabindia department of physics and materials science thapar institute of engineering and technologypatiala-147004punjabindia

The preformed cluster model(PCM)is applied to investigate the heavy particle radioactivity(HPR)and spontaneous fission(SF)processes for even-Z superheavy nuclear *** proximity potentials are used to calculate the decay half-lives of Z=112-120 *** fragmentation potential and preformation distribution suggest that SF is the major contributor up to Z=114,and HPR starts competing for heavier *** heavy cluster emission is supported by Pb-magicity,whereas SF is reinforced owing to the deformations of fission *** heavy cluster decay half-lives(log_(10)T_(C))are calculated using the PCM and are compared with the estimates of the analytical super asymmetric fission(ASAF)*** calculated log_(10)T_(C) values agree well with the ASAF measurements when using the Prox-00 and Mod Prox-00 versions of ***,Prox-77,Prox-88,and Prox-BW-91 are not appropriate to address the log_(10)T_(C) for Z≥116 *** resolve this,we include Z-dependence in the radius ***,the half-lives match the ASAF data after the inclusion of *** branching ratios are also calculated for superheavy nuclei and compared with the estimates of unified description(UD)formula,universal curve(UNIV),universal decay law(UDL),Horoi formula,and ASAF ***,the SF half-lives(T_(SF))of ^(282) Cn,^(284)Cn,^(284)Fl,and ^(286)Fl superheavy nuclei are estimated through various proximity *** them,Prox-oo is appropriate for addressing the experimental *** this potential,the SF half-lives are estimated through the PCM for Z=116-120 isotopes at different necklength ***,the scaled total kinetic energy(TKE)values are compared with the available data.

关键词： heavy particle radioactivity preformed cluster model ground state decay

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Rapid detection and good anti-humidity performance of resistive n-propanol gas sensor based on an ordered open porous ZnSnO3/ZnO heterostructures

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Ceramics International 2025年第14期51卷 18753-18761页

作者： Du, Liyong Yang, Guoli Liu, Yi Department of Materials and Chemical Engineering Taiyuan University Taiyuan030032 China Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jinzhong University China Department of Physics School of Science Hainan University Haikou570228 China

The research on the synthesis of three-dimensional (3D) porous structures has garnered significant interest among scholars. In this study, ZnSnO3/ZnO heterostructures are prepared using butterfly wings as biotemplates, resulting in the formation of a hierarchical porous network structure characterized by regular ridges and pillars. Subsequently, we construct a resistive gas sensor utilizing these ZnSnO3/ZnO heterostructures, which exhibits not only a relatively high responses (14.7) but also rapid response and recovery speed (1 s/6 s) when exposed to 100 ppm n-propanol at 220 °C. Furthermore, the sensor demonstrates a low limit of detection (LOD) of 432 ppb, strong repeatability, good long-term stability (80 days), and excellent anti-humidity properties (S84 %/S33 % ≈ 0.84). The enhanced gas sensing performance is primarily attributed to the formation of ZnSnO3/ZnO n-n heterostructures, the increase in oxygen vacancies, and the presence of ordered open porous structures. Consequently, ZnSnO3/ZnO heterostructures show significant potential for the detection of n-propanol gas in practical applications. This work also presents a promising strategy for the development of homogeneous/heterogeneous materials with a 3D open porous structure, which can be applied in surface-related fields. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.

关键词： Chemical sensors

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Low-cost chemical surface smoothing of CO2 laser-etched acrylic using WELD ON 4 acrylic solvent cement

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International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 2025年第5期138卷 2245-2255页

作者： Moncada, Luis H. Safaripour, Samira Hutter, Tanya Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States

With the increasing use of micro-manufactured devices and the demand for low-cost fabrication techniques, this study presents a simple and scalable surface polishing method for laser etched acrylic using WELD-ON 4 acrylic solvent cement, a solvent typically used for bonding thermoplastics. The method’s effectiveness was evaluated by treating acrylic samples up to three times and analyzing changes in transparency, surface roughness average (Ra), luminescence, and wettability. Results show that even a single treatment significantly improved surface smoothness, reduced light scattering, and brought contact angle and optical clarity closer to those of unetched acrylic. After three treatments, the surface became isotropic, with laser-etched lines disappearing. Specifically, a 60% reduction in Ra was observed in the direction perpendicular to the etched lines, while the parallel direction initially showed a similar trend, followed by a slight increase attributed to the formation of surface irregularities caused by the re-solidification of dissolved acrylic. Contact angle measurements indicated that the surface remained hydrophilic, with controllable wettability based on the number of treatments. Overall, this method provides a low-cost, cleanroom-free solution for improving the surface finish of laser-fabricated acrylic components. Its compatibility with complex or recessed geometries makes it particularly suitable for microfluidic devices and other precision applications requiring both optical clarity and controlled surface properties. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Carbon dioxide lasers

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Boosting bulk photovoltaic effect in transition metal dichalcogenide by edge semimetal contact

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Light(science & Applications) 2025年第1期14卷 197-205页

作者： Shuang Qiao Jihong Liu Chengdong Yao Ni Yang Fangyuan Zheng Wanqing Meng Yi Wan Philip C.Y.Chow Dong-Keun Ki Lijie Zhang Yumeng Shi Lain-Jong Li Hebei Key Laboratory of Optic-Electronic Information and Materials College of Physics Science and TechnologyHebei University071002BaodingChina Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Physics and HK Institute of Quantum Science&Technology The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province College of Chemistry and Materials EngineeringWenzhou UniversityWenzhouChina Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information Ministry of EducationSchool of Physical Science and EngineeringBeijing Jiaotong University100044BeijingChina

Oxide materials with a non-centrosymmetric structure exhibit bulk photovoltaic effect(BPVE)but with a low cell *** the past few years,relatively larger BPVE coefficients have been reported for two-dimensional(2D)layers and stacks with asymmety-induced spontaneous ***,we report a crucial breakthrough in boosting the BPVE in 3R-MoS2 by adopting edge contact(EC)geometry using bismuth semimetal *** clear contrast to the typically used top contact(TC)geometry,the EC metal which strongly adheres to the edges and the subtrates can induce a pronounced tensile strain to the 3R-MoS2,and the lateral contact geometry allows to completely access to in-plane polarization from underneath layers reachable by light,leading to>100 times of BPVE enhancement in *** further design a 3R-MoS2/WSe2 heterojunction to demonstrate constructive coupling of BPVE with the conventional photovoltaic effect,indicating their potential in photodetectors and photovoltaic devices.

关键词： effect geometry breakthrough

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Synthesis of monolayer tungsten nitride:Rapid optical visualization and electrical impact of grain boundaries

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Nano Research 2025年第3期18卷 645-653页

作者： Qiuyun Yang Dehu Li Fanfan Shi Zhibin Shao Na Wang Yao Peng Edwin Hang Tong Teo Zheng Liu Hong Wang Department of Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Anhui Science and Technology UniversityFengyang 233100China College of Mechanics and Engineering Science Hohai UniversityNanjing 211100China School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore 639798Singapore

Two-dimensional(2D)transition metal nitrides(TMNs)have garnered significant attention in fields such as energy storage and nanoelectronics due to their unique electrical properties,high chemical stability,and excellent mechanical *** polycrystalline 2D TMNs films,grain boundaries(GBs)are inevitable structural defects that could play a crucial role in determining the material's *** rapid optical visualization methods is essential for obtaining large-scale information on the distribution of ***,the rapid visualization of GBs in 2D TMNs,as well as the impact of GBs on the material's electrical properties,has never been previously *** this study,we demonstrate the growth of monolayer tungsten nitride crystals on SiO_(2)/Si substrates by chemical vapor deposition(CVD).High-resolution transmission electron microscopy reveals the presence of GBs at the junctions of twisted grains.A wet-etch process utilizing buffered oxide etchant(BOE)enables rapid and effective visualization of these GBs with optical *** analyzing grains with different twist angles,we find that GBs at specific angles demonstrate increased stability during *** measurements revealed that tilted GBs hinder electrical transport,with GBs of a 62°twist angle showing sheet conductance nearly half that within the monolayer *** work not only provides insights into GBs in monolayer tungsten nitride but also lays the groundwork for exploring GBs-related properties in other 2D TMNs.

关键词： two-dimensional(2D)materials grain boundary chemical vapor deposition electrical property tungsten nitride

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Mesoporous N-incorporated carbon with Ti single atom-regulated electronic structure as high performance cathodes for Li-S batteries

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Nano Research 2025年第2期18卷 337-345页

作者： Jiafeng Hu Yunfei Xiao Zhengguang Hu Guanghao He Zhongheng Zhu Fengping Xie Li Wang Li Zuo Yong Zhao Department of Physics School of Physics and Materials ScienceNanchang UniversityNanchang 330031China National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies Institute of Translational MedicineJiangxi Medical CollegeNanchang UniversityNanchang 330031China

Lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries are considered as strong competitors for next-generation energy storage because of their high theoretical energy ***,some challenges,such as shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides(LiPSs),volume expansion of sulfur during charge/discharge process and poor conductivity of the cathode,hindered their commercial *** this paper,an excellent sulfur host material,the titanium single atom(TiSA)-anchored mesoporous N-incorporated carbon(TiSA-NC)was successfully *** introduction of TiSAs onto the NC textures optimized their electronic structures including the charge distribution between the constituent atoms and the total density of states(TDOS)near the Fermi ***,the button battery constructed by TiSA-NC delivered impressive energy storage performance:a high reversible capacity of 1077 mAh·g^(-1) at 0.1 C;an outstanding rate capacity of 541 mAh·g^(-1) at 3 C;a superior long-term stability with a capacity fading rate of 0.053%per cycle for 500 cycles at 0.5 *** work provided an effective strategy for manufacturing high performance Li-s batteries by designing and constructing single atom catalysts.

关键词： lithium-sulfur(Li-S)battery single atoms electronic structure catalyst kinetics

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Predicting superconducting temperatures with new hierarchical neural network AI model

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Frontiers of physics 2025年第1期20卷 165-172页

作者： Shaomeng Xu Pu Chen Mingyang Qin Kui Jin X.-D.Xiang School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Superconducting critical temperature is the most attractive material property due to its impact on the applications of electricity transmission,railway transportation,strong magnetic fields for nuclear fusion and medical imaging,quantum computing,*** ability to predict its value is a constant pursuit for condensed matter *** developed a new hierarchical neural network(HNN)AI algorithm to resolve the contradiction between the large number of descriptors and the small number of datasets always faced by neural network AI approaches to materials *** this new HNN-based AI model,a much-increased number of 909 universal descriptors for inorganic compounds,and a dramatically cleaned database for conventional superconductors,we achieved high prediction accuracy with a test R^(2)score of 95.6%.The newly developed HNN model accurately predicted T_(c)of 45 new high-entropy alloy superconductors with a mean absolute percent error below 6%compared to the experimental *** demonstrated a significant potential for predicting other properties of inorganic materials.

关键词： conventional superconducting critical temperature hierarchical neural network universal descriptors artificial intelligence

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